英语语法分词作状语

现在分词作状语 2015/3/18

一般来说，-ing形式表示主动、进行。-ing形式作状语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。现在分词的一般式（doing）作状语,表示动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生,而完成式(having done)作状语,则表示动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生.

通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。一般说来，这种结构的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。

一、现在分词短语作时间状语有以下三种情况：

1．分词动作一发生，谓语动作紧跟着发生，这时用现在分词的一般式作时间状语，其逻辑主语为句中的主语。常用的动词，如：hear, see, arrive, return, get to, look, open, close, leave, turn around, walk等，表示一个极短暂动作。

此种情况可以换作on+动名词，表示相同的意思。译作\一（刚）??就??\ 此种情况也可以换作是when引导的时间状语从句，该从句的动词多用一般过去时表示。

如：Hearing their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.（=

Unit 1 Book 1

Unit 1 Book One

Section A Learning a Foreign Language

Teaching Objectives After learning this unit, Ss are supposed to be able to ● talk about their experiences of learning English. ● find out ways to learn English well online and offline.

● grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the texts in Section A and B. ● learn to write a paragraph of cause and effect.

● improve their reading skill---- finding out word meanings by using context clues and

word part clues.

● conduct a series of r

V.+ing用作现在分词作定语和状语

课前预习案

学习建议：根据所列例句，理解并尝试总结现在分词在句子中的用法。 动词--ing形式作定语和状语

I.ing 形式作定语

1. 现在分词作前置定语时，在逻辑上与所修饰的名词之间为主谓关系，也可改成定语从句；如果与所修饰的名词之间没有主谓关系，定语相当于一个介词for引导的短语。现在分词位于所修饰的名词之后做后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。如：a listening child= a child who is listening, a walking stick= a stick for walking.

2. 现在分词作后置定语

The girl standing under the tree is really charming.

这句话中，standing under the tree就做girl的后置定语，意为“站在树下的女孩子” 。The girl （who is）standing under the tree 这里加上who is则变为从句，省略则为现在分词作后置定语

定语：起修饰限定作用的语言成分，多为“···的”； 后置定语，顾名思义，放在被修

V.+ing用作现在分词作定语和状语

课前预习案

学习建议：根据所列例句，理解并尝试总结现在分词在句子中的用法。 动词--ing形式作定语和状语

I.ing 形式作定语

1. 现在分词作前置定语时，在逻辑上与所修饰的名词之间为主谓关系，也可改成定语从句；如果与所修饰的名词之间没有主谓关系，定语相当于一个介词for引导的短语。现在分词位于所修饰的名词之后做后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。如：a listening child= a child who is listening, a walking stick= a stick for walking.

2. 现在分词作后置定语

The girl standing under the tree is really charming.

这句话中，standing under the tree就做girl的后置定语，意为“站在树下的女孩子” 。The girl （who is）standing under the tree 这里加上who is则变为从句，省略则为现在分词作后置定语

定语：起修饰限定作用的语言成分，多为“···的”； 后置定语，顾名思义，放在被修

关于分词作状语的用法说明

一、分词用作时间状语

Seeing the door open, the stranger entered the house. 那个陌生人看见门开着就进了屋子。 The work finished, they went home. 工作做完后，他们就回家了。

【说明】分词(短语)用作时间状语通常可转换成时间状语从句(引导时间状语的从属连词需根据句意来确定)，如上面两句也可转换成：

When he saw the door open, the stranger entered the house. When [As soon as] the mouse saw the cat, it ran off. After the work was finished, they went home. 请看下面的例题：

When ______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.

A. compared

Exercise 12

Identify participles or participle phrases and point out their grammatical function in each of them.

1. He?d be in that, too, right at the front of it, as Grand Marshal or something, on a white horse hired from a livery stable.past participle phrase as attributive 2. They?d cook food there and drink beer and sit about listening to his stories.present participle phrase as accompanying adverbial

3. I knew we had them licked.past participle phrase as object complement

4. An orderly riding by had told him, because

高考英语非谓语动词之分词作状语的用法

考点解析：分词作状语的用法是所有分词用法中最重要也是最难掌握的，历年的高考英语考题也说明，分词作状语的用法是所用分词用法中最常考的。 A. 分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种，其表达式如下表： 分 词 作 状 语 表 达 式 现在 分词 doing being done having done Having been done 过去 分词 done 主句主 语 主句谓 语 主动 被动 主动 被动 被动 同时 同时 之前 之前 之前 B. 分词作状语知识点： 第一、 要熟悉分词作状语的句子形式，考试中目前出现过以下三种： 1.分词部分 ，主+谓+其他成分

Seeing that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed.

2.主+谓+其他成分,分词部分

My new house is like a huge palace, compared with his old one. 3.主，分词部分，谓+其他成分

Time, used correctly, is money in the bank.

第十三章 状语

状语被认为是句子成份中最灵活的部分。状语与动词关系密切，是动作实现的主要形式。不论从语义上来说还是从语法上来说，状语比其他句子成份要灵活的多。

状语在不同的语法层次上可以有多种形式，可以是副词，名词；也可以是介词短语，副词短语，形容词短语，名词词以是从句，限定分句，非限定分句，例如： ①She is always losing her keys．（副词）她总是丢钥匙。

②Strange enough, they refused to come to the party.（形容词短语） 奇怪的是，他们拒绝参加晚会。

③They traveled a long way before they came here（名词词组） 他们走了很长的路才到这儿。

④I have lived here for three years.（介词短语）我在这三年了。

⑤It is ten years since I saw him last.（限定性分句）我上次见他到现在已经十年了。 ⑥To be honest，I didn't enjoy the party.（非限定分句）老实说来，

? The team is headed by a 44-year-old Mongolian, whose wife is a Tibetan. ? The Tower of London, where so many people lost their lives, is now a tourist attraction.

? She is going to spend the summer holidays in Qingdao, where she has some relatives.

? They will fly to Kunming, where they plan to stay for two or three days, and then go on to Guilin.

? ? ?

She was very fond of speaking French, which indeed she spoke well. They turned a deaf ear to our demands, which enraged all of us. She married Joe, which surprised every

? The team is headed by a 44-year-old Mongolian, whose wife is a Tibetan. ? The Tower of London, where so many people lost their lives, is now a tourist attraction.

? She is going to spend the summer holidays in Qingdao, where she has some relatives.

? They will fly to Kunming, where they plan to stay for two or three days, and then go on to Guilin.

? ? ?

She was very fond of speaking French, which indeed she spoke well. They turned a deaf ear to our demands, which enraged all of us. She married Joe, which surprised every