日语被动语态

被动语态

主讲：黄冈中学英语高级教师 范琼

一、考点解读

在动词运用中，动词的时态和被动语态是重头戏，各项英语测试均对此“情有独钟”。

在各地的中考题的单选，完型填空中都会出现对于被动语态的考查。今天我们这个专题中将主要复习归纳以下的内容： 1．被动语态的构成 2．被动语态的用法

3．主动语态和被动语态的转换 4．被动语态的一些特殊的运用形式 二、专题梳理 动词的被动语态

语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的具体关系，分为主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态表示主语是 谓语动词所表示的动词的执行者。在初中阶段我们所学的句子绝大部分都是主动语态。今天我们主要复习被动语态，被动语态表示主语不是动作的执行者，而是谓语 动词所表示的动作的承受者。

（一）被动语态的构成

1．被动语态的基本结构：be＋动词过去分词 2．各种时态的主动被动语态结构（以动词do为例）

时态 主动语态 例句 主动语态 被动语态 The classroom am/ is/ are＋We clean the is cleaned by done classroom. us. was/ were＋He made the The kite was d

Passive voice

【知识总结归纳】 一般现在时

am / is / are + P.P.

1) Do they speak French? Is French spoken by them? 2) They don’t use the room.

The room isn’t used by them.

一般过去时 was / were + p.p.

1) The hunter killed a tiger.

A tiger was killed by the hunter. 2) He wrote many stories last year.

Many stories were written by him last year.

现在进行时

am / is / are +being +p.p.

1) These workers are building a new bridge. A new bridge is being built by these workers. 2) He is mending his car.

His car is being mended by him.

过去进行时

was / were +

被动语态一、什么是语态？ 语态是英语动词的一种表现形式，用来说明主语和 谓语动词之间的关系。 二、语态的种类： (1)主动语态 (2)被动语态 三、什么是主动语态？什么是被动语态？ 四、被动语态的构成：(八种时态下的被动语态) be + 及物动词的过去分词 can/may/must…+ be +过去分词

1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 Visitors are asked not to touch the exhibits.(展品) 2) has /have been done 现在完成时 All the preparations for the task have been completed 3)am/is /are being done 现在进行时 A new cinema is being built here. 4)was/were done 一般过去时 I was given ten minutes to decide. 5)had been done 过去完成时 By the end of last year, another new gym had been completed in Beijin

高考被动语态复习

语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：Many people speak English. 被动语态表示句子的主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：English is spoken by many people. 一、被动语态的构成

被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词构成”。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以ask为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

一般现在时：am／is／are＋asked一般过去时：was／were＋asked 一般将来时：will／shall(be going to) be＋asked 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋asked 过去进行时：was/were being＋asked

现在完成时：have／has been＋asked 过去完成时：had been + asked 过去将来时：would (was/were going to) be + asked

注意1：含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分

课程名称：语言学导论

课程代码：ＦＯＲＥ１２０００１．０１ 任课老师：熊学亮

文名：德语中的被动态及其汉语翻译

作者名：杨柳青 学号：07300120062 邮箱：yukiylq99@hotmail.com

手机号：13818103032 得分：＿＿＿＿＿

德语中的被动态及其汉语翻译

摘要： 德语是世界各种语言中比较严谨的一门语言，对于每种语法都有一定的构成规则，德语中的被动态就是其中之一。但是虽然如此，德语中的被动态还是有多种构成的形式。其中，有一些句子从结构上看是主动的，但是它表示的却是被动的意义，这就需要我们在理解以及把德语的被动态翻译成汉语时特别需要注意。此外，有些德语的被动态如果直译成中国的“被”字句则不符合中国人的说话习惯，因此在对德语被动态的构成、理解以及翻译上应该给与更多的关注，这样才可以更好的掌握被动句。

关键词：被动态分类与规则 主动结构的被动句 被动态汉译

德语是一亿多人的母语，他们主要来自德国、奥地利、瑞士、列支敦士登等国家。据统计，世界上每十本书中就有一本是用德语写的，因此学好德语，能够帮助读者更好的阅读，而不是阅读经过二次创作的翻译本。但是，马克·吐温说过：“一个聪明的人学英语需要3

Teaching Plan

Teaching Contents

Passive Voice

Teaching Aims

1. Knowledge aims: To make the students understand the passive voice.

2. Ability aims: To let the students use the passive voice correctly.

3. Emotion aims: To cultivate students teamwork spirit

Teaching Important Points

1. To master the passive voice correctly.

2. To let the students use the passive voice freely.

Teaching Difficult Points

The students can understand the passive voice correctly and master some sentence

structure correctly

Teaching Methods

1. Explanation

2. White

谓语动词的被动语态

1．各种时态的被动语态的谓语动词形式:

a. 一般现在时 : am /is /are done b. 一般过去时 : was/were donec.

c.含情态动词的被动语态:情态动词 be 过去分词 can be done\\ may be done \\must be

done

d. 现在完成时的被动语态:have/has been done e.一般将来时的被动语态:will/be going to be done f.现在进行时的被动语态；am/is/are being done

2.复合宾语的被动语态: (主动语态中不带to,被动语态中要加to)

使役动词make/have/let sb do sth叫某人做某事 (其被动语态为sb be made/had/let to do sth).感官动词see/hear/feel/notice sb do sth(其被动语态为sb be seen/heard/felt/noticed to do sth.)

(感、使inf.作宾补，主动结构to省去，被动结构to 回来。)

3.短语动词的被动语态: 变被动语态时不要去掉组成谓语动词短语的任何一个

初中英语被动语态专项训练

将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词

1. We can finish the work in two days.

The work _____ _____ _____ in two days.

2. They produce silk in Suzhou.

Silk ____ ______ in Suzhou.

3. The children will sing an English song.

An English song ____ ____ ___ by the children.

4. You needn't do it now.

It ____ _____ _____ by you now.

5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week.

A New Year Card ____ ____ ____ me by Lucy last week.

6. People use metal for making machines.

Metal ____ ____ for making machines.

7. He made me do that for him.

I ____ ____ ____ tha

Translate into Chinese:

As oil is found deep in the ground, its presence cannot be determined by a study of the surface. Consequently, a geological survey of the underground rock structure must be carried out. If it is thought that the rocks in a certain area contain oil, a “drilling rig” is assembled. The most obvious part of a drilling rig is called “a derrick”. It is used to lift sections of pipe, which are lowered into the hole made by the drilled. As the hole is being drilled, a steel pipe is pushed down to prevent the

使用被动语态应受哪些限制

英语和汉语一样，其动作都有主动和被动之分，汉语中不是所有的动词都可采用被动结构；同样道理，英语中也有不少动词不能用于被动结构，即被动语态。英语中，除不及物动词---即后面不能加宾语的动词不能用于被动语态外，还有下列情况不能使用被动语态的结构：

一、表示静态、容纳、适合等的及物动词。例如：

She has a nice car．

The woolen coat fits her well．

二、宾语是动词不定式、动名词。例如：

They promised me to go with me．

Mr．Smith wanted to have a try．

I enjoy listening to pop music．

三、宾语是反身代词。例如：

She hurt herself this morning．

They warned themselves to be careful．

四、宾语是人身上的一部分或器官。例如：

He put his hand on his chest and began to cough．

I could ha