英语摘要写作的技巧

英文摘要写作技巧

　　医学论文(medical papers)的定义

　　医学论文是对整理和发表医学研究成果的一种特殊文本的总称，就其内容和文体特点而言科分为以下几种：

　　1.医学科研论文(scientific papers)

　　2.调查报告(survey)

　　3.综述(review)

　　4.学位论文(theses)

　　5.医学科研论文(scientific papers)

　　u 医学科研论文定义

　　国际生物学编辑委员会对医学科研论文的定义为：必须是首次公布的应提供足够的资料，使同行们能够进行：①评价所观察到的结果;②评价其推理过程;③重复实验。分为以下两种：①临床研究(clinical study);②基础研究或实验研究(experimental study)

　　u 医学科研论文的格式

　　医学科研论文必须具备以下几个部分：

　　(1)标题(title)

　　(2)摘要(abstract)

　　(3)引言(introduction)

　　(4)材料和方法(materials and methods)

　　(5)结果(results)

　　(6)讨论(discussion)

　　(7)致谢(acknowledgement)

　　(8)参考文献(references

Abstracts of English Medical Papers

1. Title 2. Authorship 3. Abstract and key words 4. Introduction 5. Materials and methods 6. Results 7. Discussion 8. Acknowledgements 9. References

Traditional abstract includes:

Introduction（引言） Methods（方法） Results（结果） and Discussion（讨论） IMRAD

Full-structured Abstracts: (全结构式摘要）

Objective Design Multistage stratified cross sectional epidemiological survey. 多级分层横断面调查。 Setting Patients, participants, subjects Interventions（处理）：说明确切的治疗或处理方法。 Main outcome measures（主要结果测

全 好!!真好~~

新概念2摘要写作答案(lesson 1~lesson 12)
2010-08-06 17:08
Lesson 1
The writer went to the theatre last week.He did't enjoy the play.A young man and a young woman were sitting behind him.They were talking loudly.The writer couldn't hear the actors.He turned round.He said he couldn't hear a word.The young man said,'This is a private conversation!'.
(53 words)
Lesson 2
The writer always gets up late on Sundays.He got up late last Sunday.His aunt telephoned then.She had just arrived by train.She was coming to see him.He said,'I am sti

全 好!!真好~~

新概念2摘要写作答案(lesson 1~lesson 12)
2010-08-06 17:08
Lesson 1
The writer went to the theatre last week.He did't enjoy the play.A young man and a young woman were sitting behind him.They were talking loudly.The writer couldn't hear the actors.He turned round.He said he couldn't hear a word.The young man said,'This is a private conversation!'.
(53 words)
Lesson 2
The writer always gets up late on Sundays.He got up late last Sunday.His aunt telephoned then.She had just arrived by train.She was coming to see him.He said,'I am sti

2012考研英语辅导之摘要写作“三步走” 万学海文

把一篇文章的要点摘录出来，从而形成一篇短文，称为摘要。摘要是在2010年的考研英语大纲中新增的一种题型，摘要必须要做到以下几点：简明扼要、用词准确、对原文的内容不加以任何的解释和评论、并且对原文作者的思想要忠实传达，不可臆想或主观判断。

那么了解了摘要的基本情况后，万学海文英语教研组为2012年的广大考生们总结了其解题步骤：

一、阅读原文、把握主旨、梳理结构

拿到一篇文章，一定要仔细阅读，抓住其主旨，除此外，我们还要注意文章的承前启后的结构，而这通常体现在原文段落的段首，所以，万学海文英语辅导老师们建议广大的2012年的考生们在阅读的时候，一定要注意并且关注位于每段段首的几个句子，同时要注意这些句子之间的语义和逻辑关系，通读文章之后，我们也要注意抓文章的关键词。 二、整合

我们摘录完所需要的关键词和句子后，接下来的工作就是需要对他们进行整合，然后在此基础上形成一篇完整的短文;在摘抄完了关键词和所需要的句子后，需要添加部分关联词语，这样就可以把不同的句子串联起来。最后需要在短文前放上文章的标题，至于文章的标题，在对原文的理解上，需要自己整理。 三、翻译

尽量

Lesson73 (一)

A boy who played truant travelled 1,600 miles. He hitchhiked to Dover where he slept in a boat, only to find himself in Calais next morning. A lorry driver gave him a lift and something to eat and the boy got off near Paris, he stopped another car, but instead of not being taken to Paris, he was taken to Perpignan. After being picked up by a policeman, he was sent home by authorities. （二）

A boy played truant and travelled 1,600 miles. After hitchhiking to Dover, he slept in a boat. Next morning, he found himse

Lesson73 (一)

A boy who played truant travelled 1,600 miles. He hitchhiked to Dover where he slept in a boat, only to find himself in Calais next morning. A lorry driver gave him a lift and something to eat and the boy got off near Paris, he stopped another car, but instead of not being taken to Paris, he was taken to Perpignan. After being picked up by a policeman, he was sent home by authorities. （二）

A boy played truant and travelled 1,600 miles. After hitchhiking to Dover, he slept in a boat. Next morning, he found himse

Lesson 1 A puma at large 逃遁的美洲狮

The reports received by London Zoo that a puma had been spotted forty- five miles south of London were similar in nature.

A woman picking blackberries saw it first, but the puma moved from place to place, leaving a trial of dead deer and small animals.

Paw prints and puma fur were found as well.

\ Now experts were convinced that the animal really was a puma.

Lesson 2 Thirteen equals one 十三等于一

At one o'clock in the morning, the church clock striking the hours woke the vicar up as it

毕业论文摘要写作格式要求及范文

临近毕业了，大家的论文写好了吗，下文是论文格式范文及撰写要求，希望大家有所收获!

一、毕业论文撰写结构要求

1、题目：应简洁、明确、有概括性，字数不宜超过20个字。

2、摘要：要有高度的概括力，语言精练、明确，中文摘要约100—200字; 3、关键词：从论文标题或正文中挑选3～5个最能表达主要内容的词作为关键词。 4、目录：写出目录，标明页码。 5、正文：

专科毕业论文正文字数一般应在3000字以上。 毕业论文正文：包括前言、本论、结论三个部分。

前言(引言)是论文的开头部分，主要说明论文写作的目的、现实意义、对所研究问题的认识，并提出论文的中心论点等。前言要写得简明扼要，篇幅不要太长。

本论是毕业论文的主体，包括研究内容与方法、实验材料、实验结果与分析(讨论)等。在本部分要运用各方面的研究方法和实验结果，分析问题，论证观点，尽量反映出自己的科研能力和学术水平。

结论是毕业论文的收尾部分，是围绕本论所作的结束语。其基本的要点就是总结全文，加深题意。

6、谢辞：简述自己通过做毕业论文的体会，并应对指导教师和协助完成论文的有关人员表示谢意。

7、参考文献：在毕业论文末尾要列出在论文中参考过的专著、论文及其他资料，所

摘要写作参考答案（Key to Summary writing）

Unit 1

Lesson 1 A Private Conversation

The writer went to the theatre last week.He did't enjoy the play.A young man and a young woman were sitting behind him.They were talking loudly.The writer couldn't hear the actors.He turned round.He said he couldn't hear a word.The young man said,'This is a private conversation!'.(53 words)

Lesson 2 Breakfast or Lunch

The writer always gets up late on Sundays.He got up late last Sunday.His aunt telephoned then.She had just arrived by train.She was coming t