英语语言学导论答案

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语言学导论课件

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Chapter 1 Introduction (1) about language

1. A generally accepted definition:

Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication. Language must be a system. Language is arbitrary. Language is symbolic.

Language is primarily vocal. Language is human-specific.

许国璋先生对‘语言’的定义做了如下概括: 语言是人类特有的一种符号系统,

当它作用于人与人的关系的时候,它是表达相互反应的中介; 当它作用于人与客观世界的关系的时候,它是认知事物的工具; 当它作用于文化的时候,它是文化的载体和容器。

design features of human languages: arbitrariness creativity duality of structure displacement

语言学导论术语汉译

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A-bar movement(A-棒儿移位) 306 Ablaut(元音交替) 164

Abney, S.(人名,阿伯尼) 360 accent (see phrasal stress)(重读) accusative case (宾格)248, 251, 265–6, 356, 360–1

accusative possessors in Child English(儿童英语中宾格性领属者)359–61 accusative subjects(儿童英语中宾格性主语) in Child English355–8

in infinitive clauses(非定式小句) 251 acquired language disorders(获得性语言错乱) 13, 213

acquisition of language(语言的获得) (see also developmental linguistics(发展语言学)) 408

acrolect(上层方言) 234 activation in psycholinguistics(心理语言学中的激活作用) 202, 209

active articulator(主动性发音器官) 31 active v

《语言学导论》重点整理

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1 .An Introduction to Linguistics and language

1. What is Linguistics?

Linguistics is the scientific study of language. It endeavors to answer the question--what is language and how is represented in the mind? Linguists focus on describing and explaining language and are not concerned with the prescriptive rules of the language. 2. Basic criteria for doing Linguistics

?1. Objectivity ?2. Explicitness ?3. Rigorousness ?4. Adequacy 3. The Scope of Linguistics(1)

? General Linguistics: the study of language as a whole ? Phone

社会语言学导论考试重点

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社会语言学导论考试重点

社会语言学的研究对象

(一)定义和解释

社会语言学(sociolinguistics)是联系社会各种因素对语言进行的研究,探讨语言在社会环境中的变化、功能及其使用的一般规律。

概括来说对语言的研究大致有四个角度:内部研究、外部研究、比较研究、应用研究。 社会语言学属于对语言的外部研究,但并不是纯粹的外部研究。

(二)研究对象的不同界定

1.布莱特(美国)1964

(1)说话人的身份;

(2)听话人的身份;

(3)言语事件的社会环境;

(4)社会方言的分析;

(5)言语行为的社会评价;

(6)语言变异的程度;

(7)社会语言学的实际应用。

2.韩礼德 (英国)

(1)语言宏观社会学、语言人口统计学;

(2)双语、多语、多方言研究;

(3)语言规范、语言发展和规范化;

(4)语言混合;

(5)社会方言;

(6)社会语言学和教学;

(7)言语的人种史、语言环境;

(8)语域和言语能力;

(9)语言变化的社会因素;

(10)语言和社会化及其传播;

(11)社会语言学的方法;

(12)语言体系的功能理论;

(13)语言相对性;

(14)话语理论;

(15)人种方法论的语言学。

3.祝畹瑾《社会语言学概论》 (1992)

总的来说,社会语言学研究的对象主要包括五个方面:

(1)一个国家或地区的

英语语言学

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英语语言学----简答题

Chapter 1: Introduction

1. List important distinctions in linguistics. 2. List design features.

3. What are the differences between traditional grammar and modern linguistics? 4. Talk about speech and writing and which one is prior and why?

5. What are the difference and similarity, langue and parole VS. competence and performance?

6. What should we take superior, diachronic study or synchronic study?

Chapter 2: Phonology

1. Broad transcription and narrow transcription. 2. Classification of English speech sou

语言学导论部分考研真题

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部分考研真题汇总(语言学导论部分)

北京外国语大学

I. Explain the following terms. 1. langue (2010)

II. Answer the following questions.

1. How do you compare the traffic light system with a human linguistic system? (2010)

提示:Both the traffic light system and human linguistic system belong to the language system. Both can convey information to human beings. The key difference lies in duality. Linguists refer “duality”(of structure) to the fact that in all languages so far investigated, one finds two levels of structure or patterning. At the first,

语言学导论部分考研真题

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部分考研真题汇总(语言学导论部分)

北京外国语大学

I. Explain the following terms. 1. langue (2010)

II. Answer the following questions.

1. How do you compare the traffic light system with a human linguistic system? (2010)

提示:Both the traffic light system and human linguistic system belong to the language system. Both can convey information to human beings. The key difference lies in duality. Linguists refer “duality”(of structure) to the fact that in all languages so far investigated, one finds two levels of structure or patterning. At the first,

语言学概论 语言学课后习题答案

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P7 3. Discuss the relation of arbitrariness and rules?

Words are arbitrary in form, but they are not random in their use. Although the link between form and meaning is arbitrary, there existed certain relationship between them, which can be called rules. The individual does not have the power to change a sign in any way once it has become established in the linguistic community.

P12

3.Please explain the primacy of human language over animal

communication.

Human language is primary over animal communication in the follo

语言学答案

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一 填空

1. 语言变化包括phonological change(音位变化) , morphological change(形态变化) , syntactic change(句法变化),lexical and semantic changes(词法和语义变化)。

2. 单词的意义变化可体现在哪三个方面widening of meaning narrowing of meaning ,meaning shift

3. 决定语域的三个变量:field of discourse(语场)、 tenor of discourse(语旨)、 mode of discourse(语式)。 4. 关于语言习得的三个理论:a behaviorist of language acquisition(行为主义者的语言习得观)、an innatist view of language acquisition(语言天生主义者的语言习得观)、an interactionist view of language acquisition(互动主义者的语言习得观)。

5. NL:TL comparisons ( Contrastive Analysis)对比分析:汉语—

英语语言学论文

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篇一:精选语言学论文题目336个

精选语言学论文题目336个

学术堂为了给大家提供优质的服务,本站为大家特意收集整理了语言学相关的论文题目,总计336个,供大家参考,其中包含普通语言学、社会语言学、应用语言学、比较语言学、心理语言学、汉语言学等类别的论文题目,如有不完善的地方,请联系我们,我们共同完善。

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1、普通语言学论文题目

语篇分析与系统功能语言学理论的建构 作为普通语言学的系统功能语言学 John Searle的言语行为理论:评判与借鉴 系统功能语言学研究方法论 析索绪尔、乔姆斯基和韩礼德的意义观 语言符号的任意性问题--语言哲学探索之一 国内语言模因论研究述评 系统功能普通语言学发展五十年回顾 评20世纪的索绪尔研究 索绪尔的共时语言学和历时语言学 索绪尔语言哲学思想中几个核心概念的比较与诠释 索绪尔的语言学思想及其影响 论索绪尔的语用哲学思想 探析语言符号的任意性和象似性的关系 简述现代语言学流派代表人物

博杜恩·德·库尔特内与三个语言学派 论语言符号的任意性与象似性 洪堡特语言哲学中的辩证精神 语法分析的系统描写与比较的几个方面 韩语语法教材中“时制”概念的