延续动词与非延续动词的转换

延续性动词与非延续性动词练习题

1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus ________ for 20 minutes.

A. has left

B. had left

C. has been away

D. had been away

2. I ______ the League for 5 years so far.

A. joined

B. have joined

C. have been in

3. The factory ________ since the February of 1988.

A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened

4. Mary and Rose _______friends since they met in 2000.

A. have made

B. have been

C. made

D. have become

5.You mustn't ________ until he comes back.

A. be away

B. leave

C. be left

6.The meeting _______ fo

短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换

1. borrow have kept

2. get to know have known

3. catch a cold have had a cold

4. buy have had

5. die have been dead

6. open have been open

7. close have been closed

8. get married have been married

keep know have a cold have be dead be open be closed be married 9. fall ill be ill have been ill

10. fall asleep be asleep have been asle

短暂性动词与延续性动词一、定义： 短暂性动词是指动作一旦发生就立即结束。它不能和一段时间连用

延续性动词是指动作发生后还可以延续 一段时间或者相当长的一段时间。

二、常见的短暂性动词有哪些呢？

go, come, arrive, leave, begin, start, join, marry 等 延续性动词呢？

live, work, study, learn, sleep等

注意：短暂性动词的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的for或since或 how long等状语连用。 在否定句中，短暂性动词可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。:e.g; We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.

延续性动词可以和表示一段的时间状语连用。

表示一段时间的状语“for+一段时间”外，还有since+n./从句(时间点),

since+时间段+ago,疑问词how long,in the past+ 时间段，all these+时间段，from…to(时间点)以及 till/until+n./句子等等。

如果短暂性动词与表示一段时间的时间 状语连用，必须将短暂性动词改为延续 性动词。

现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换

arrive

持续动词与瞬间动词

英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分，使用中应注意两者的区别。

持续性动词表示一个动作可持续一段时间，此类动词有 do, live, have, keep, wear, sleep, wait, work, play, stay, know, sing, dance, write, study, rest, talk, walk等.

瞬时性动词表示不能持续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束，此类动词有 open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, leave, move, borrow, buy, die, lend, join, catch, get, win, fail等

一、持续性动词

表示一个动作可以持续一段时间或更长时间。常见的有study, play, do, read, learn, drive, write, clean, slean, sleep, speak, talk, wait, fly, stay, write, sit, stand, lie, keep等。 二、瞬间性动词

表示一个动作发生在一瞬间，非常短暂。亦称终止性动词。常

is/was +时间段n.+ since(自从...已经多久了)

关于这个句型要注意以下几个方面(时态搭配和辨别v.是延续性v.还是短暂性v.)

1.it is +时间段n.+ since sb. have done(该v.必须为延续性v.,翻译时直译：自从...已经多久了)

2.it is +时间段n.+ since sb.did(如v.为短暂性v.即瞬间性v.翻译时直译：自从...已经多久了)

如为延续性v. 翻译时反译：自从...不已经多久了)

eg. It is 5 years since I have lived here.(live为延续性v.故直译为自从我住在这儿已经5年了。)

It is 5 years since I lived here.（live为延续性v.故反译为我已经5年不住这儿了。）

It is 3 years since I smoked.（smoke为延续性v.故反译为我已经3年不吸烟了。）

It is 3 days since the accident happened.（happen为短暂性v.故直译为自从这场车祸发生已经有3天了。）

It is 10 years since they mar

复合句和非谓语动词之间的转换

1. 名词性从句和非谓语动词之间的转换：将名词性从句变为动名词短语、动词不定式短语等。 A. 主语从句：

1. That the students know English helps them in learning French.

The students’ knowing English helps them in learning French.

2. That he was ill made his mother worried. His being ill made his mother worried.

3. That she was chosen made us happy. Her being chosen made us happy.

4. When and where we will hold the meeting is unknown. Where and where to hold the meeting is unknown.

5. It seemed that they were eating something cooked on the fire.

They seemed to

非谓语动词 不定式To do 做主语

如何解决严重的交通问题, 对于政府而言是个棘手的问题.

?How to solve the heavy traffic problem is a thorny issue for our government（s).

?It is essential/ imperative for governments of developed and developing nations to adopt environmental policies. (s)

?建立太空站花费大量纳税人的钱。

To set up a space station costs a huge sum of money of taxpayers.

做宾语

我倾向于同意前者的观点.

I prefer to side with the former/ latter point of view/ opinion.

?I intend to explore both sides of the controversial issue before drawing a concl

非谓语动词

Part I 语法讲析

? 什么是非谓语动词

? 阅读下列句子，用“___”标出句子的非谓语动词。用“___”表示出谓语动词。

A. We should prevent the air from being polluted. B. He gave us some advice on how to learn English. C. The funds raised are mainly used for helping the homeless. D. Do you hear all those different birds singing in the park?

? 定义：非谓语动词也叫非限定动词或动词的非谓语形式。其形式包括：动名词、不定式和分词（现在分

词和过去分词）。非谓语动词除了不能独立充当谓语外，可以充当句子的任何成分。

关于非谓语动词有三个重点内容：一、非谓语动词充当句子成分，二、非谓语动词有时态和语态的变化，三、考察非谓语动词的逻辑主语。这都是本章的重点讲解内容，要求掌握。

I. 非谓语动词之不定式

1. 不定式在句子中的语法功能

观察下面各句，思考动词不定式在句子中的作用，并把相应的句子的序号填入到表格中。

非谓语动词 动词不定式

1. 动词不定式的特征

动词不定式的基本形式是to+动词原形。在有些情况下可以省略to。

动词不定式虽然不能单独作谓语，具备名词、形容词和副词的功能，但是它还保留着动词的特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语，构成了不定式短词。 2. 动词不定式的用法举例 用法 主语 表语 宾语 宾语补足语 定语 状语 独立成分 举例 3. 使用动词不定式需注意的情况

（1） 常见的只接不定式和宾语的动词。

（2） 不定式的疑问词连用。

（3） 动词不定式做宾语补足语时，要省略不定式前的to；但是改为被动语态后，to要还

原。

（4） 当两个或两个以上的不定式并例时，由and，or，except或than连接，第一个不定式

带to，后面的不定式往往把to省去。

（5） 为避免重复，口语中常可以省去与前面动词的重复的动词原形，只留下“to”。

（6） 不定式的主动形式有时具有被动含义。 在too…to句型中有时有被动含义.

不定式做定语修饰的名词作give,have,get,buy,lend,want等动词的宾语,且句中有不定式的逻辑主语时,有时有被动含义.

有些形容词后的不定式有被动的含义.

（7） 作后置定语的不定式与

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非谓语动词与with复合结构

1. The ability ______ an idea is as important as the idea itself. (2011·湖南卷21)

A. expressing B. expressed C. to express D. to be expressed

【解析】选C。主语the ability 为“能力”，抽象名词。通常使用动词不定式作定语。句意：表达思想的能力与思想本身同等重要。我们也可以联想到be able to do “能够干”而得出答案。

2. The players ______ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. (2011·湖南卷23)

A. selecting B. to select C. selected