动词ing形式的结构

高考英语语法总复习

动词-ing形式的句法功能

一、做主语;

e.g. 通常为了避免主语过于冗长，用it作形式主语 (请改写上面两个句子)

1.

2.

常用于固定句型 It’s a waste of time doing sth / It’s no/little good/use doing sth e.g. Its no use arguing with you.（argue 和 争吵、争辩）

It’s a waste of time working on this problem. / Its no use reasoning with him. / Its no good reading in dim light. / Its no good crying over spilt milk.( cry over sth 为 而哭泣。Cry for sth 哭闹着要什么东西。Spill/spilt/spilt vt.溢出、溅出) Its no good quarrelling about it any longer. ( quarrel vi.争吵) 并列句中用动词-ing形式做主语时应该具备一致性，即两个分句都用动词-ing形式做主

外教一对一 http://www.yangjiajiao.com 动词ing形式的用法

一.动词ing形式的用法

1.正在进行时中,谓语动词后加ing.

如:I'mplaying football.

2.一些特殊表达.如:

be good at doing sth

enjoy doing sth.

be busy doing

feel like doing

thank you for doing

do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing

go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating

二.动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成，其规则如下：

1)一般情况下直接加ing

think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking carry---carrying say---saying

2)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ing

wake---waking

高考英语语法总复习

动词-ing形式的句法功能

一、做主语;

e.g. 通常为了避免主语过于冗长，用it作形式主语 (请改写上面两个句子)

1.

2.

常用于固定句型 It’s a waste of time doing sth / It’s no/little good/use doing sth e.g. Its no use arguing with you.（argue 和 争吵、争辩）

It’s a waste of time working on this problem. / Its no use reasoning with him. / Its no good reading in dim light. / Its no good crying over spilt milk.( cry over sth 为 而哭泣。Cry for sth 哭闹着要什么东西。Spill/spilt/spilt vt.溢出、溅出) Its no good quarrelling about it any longer. ( quarrel vi.争吵) 并列句中用动词-ing形式做主语时应该具备一致性，即两个分句都用动词-ing形式做主

动词ing形式变化小结

发表日期：2008年5月22日 【编辑录入：游向颖】

1、大多动词直接在词尾加-ing，比如：go-going, work-working, study-studying, look-looking，

do-doing,eat-eating,play-playing,read-reading,wash-washing,plant-planting,borrow-borrowing,pick-picking,paint-painting,cry-crying,took-tooking (v.拿，占领，接受） climb-climbing

2、有的以不发音的e字母结尾的动词，要去掉e再加-ing，比如：make-making, write-writing, skate-skating,close–closing, come-coming, make–making,take-taking，have-having,dance-dancing, smile-smiling,ride-riding,become-becoming, 若结尾的e 发音,就不能去掉,如：see-seeing

3、以重

动词-ing形式作状语，可以表示时间、原因、 方式、伴随、条件、结果等。如： 1. While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. (时间) 2. Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday. (原因) 3. He came running back to tell us the news. (方式) 4. She sat at the desk reading a newspaper. (伴随) 5. Working hard, you will succeed. (条件)

6. The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it. (结果) 注意：①动词-ing形式作状语，其逻 辑主语应与句子的主语一致。 ②动词-ing形式前可有while, when, unless, though, if等连词。

6. The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it. (结果) 注意：①动词-i

-ing形式表示主动的意义，-ed形式表示被动的意义

-ing形式表示一般性的或正在进行的动作，-ed形式表示已经完成和被动的动作

在表现形式上，-ing形式有“一般式”和“完成式”之分，而-ed形式只有一种形式

1.动词-ing形式在句中可用作主语或宾语，而-ed形式则不能

2.作表语的区别

动词-ing形式具有主动和进行的含义，经常用于表示事物的性质，“使人…”或“令人…”，而动词-ed形式含有被动意思，经常用来说明“某人感觉…”

What he said was encouraging .

We were encouraged at what he said .

3.作定语的区别

⑴.语态不同：

-ing表示主动意思，动词-ed表示被动意思

Surprising news = news which surprises peopleSurprised people =people who are surprised⑵.时间不同：

-ing表示动作正在进行，-ed表示动作已经完成

Boiling water正在沸腾的水

Boiled water已经烧开的水

⑴.语态不同：

及物动词的-ed形式作宾语补足语时，表示被动，说明宾语是-ed形式动作的承受者，而-ing形式作宾语

Module 2 Fantasy Literature Grammar动词-ing形式作状语

【探究寻规】

用动词-ing形式改写句子。1. She picked up her bag and left in a hurry. Picking up her bag she left in a hurry. _________________, 2. When he saw the old woman knocked down, the student went up to help her. seeing the old woman knocked down the student went up to On ________________________________, help her.

3. Before he married her, he told her he was in fact poor. marrying her he told her he was in fact poor. Before ____________, 4. After he had left school, he went to work in a fac

动词的-ing形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词,在英语中使用极其广泛,同时也

是高考中的重要考点,因此要求每位高中学生对其都应清楚了解并正确运用。

下面就动词的-ing形式在句中做定语总结如下:

动词的-ing形式做定语在句中通常有两个位置,如果是单个的动词的-ing形式做

定语,常放在被修饰词前做前置定语;如果是动词的-ing形式的短语做定语,常放

在被修饰词后做后置定语。如:

1.He is an attacking player.他是一个攻击型的运动员。

2.He asked an embarrassing question.他提了一个令人难堪的问题。

3.A little child learning to walk often falls.学走路的小孩常常跌跤。

4.Do you know the number of people coming to the party?你知道来参加晚

会的人数吗?

注意:当-ing形式做后置定语时,可以相当于相应的定语从句。如:

1.A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday.

→A young man who writes novels came to

用作定语时，动词的-ing形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词, 动词的-ed形式仅是动词过去分词。

动词的-ing形式做定语在句中通常有两个位置,如果是单个的动词的-ing形式做定语,常放在被修饰词前做前置定语;如果是动词的-ing形式的短语做定语,常放在被修饰词后做后置定语。如: 1.He is an attacking player.他是一个攻击型的运动员。(表示运动员的特征)

2.He asked an embarrassing question.他提了一个令人难堪的问题。(表示“令人….”)

3.A little child learning to walk often falls.学走路的小孩常常跌跤。(表示被修饰词的动作或状态，动词短语后置)

4.Do you know the number of people coming to the party?你知道来参加晚会的人数吗?(表示被修饰词的动作或状态，动词短语后置)

注意:当-ing形式做后置定语时,可以相当于相应的定语从句。如: 1.A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday. →A young man

用作定语时，动词的-ing形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词, 动词的-ed形式仅是动词过去分词。

动词的-ing形式做定语在句中通常有两个位置,如果是单个的动词的-ing形式做定语,常放在被修饰词前做前置定语;如果是动词的-ing形式的短语做定语,常放在被修饰词后做后置定语。如: 1.He is an attacking player.他是一个攻击型的运动员。(表示运动员的特征)

2.He asked an embarrassing question.他提了一个令人难堪的问题。(表示“令人….”)

3.A little child learning to walk often falls.学走路的小孩常常跌跤。(表示被修饰词的动作或状态，动词短语后置)

4.Do you know the number of people coming to the party?你知道来参加晚会的人数吗?(表示被修饰词的动作或状态，动词短语后置)

注意:当-ing形式做后置定语时,可以相当于相应的定语从句。如: 1.A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday. →A young man