测绘工程专业英语第二版翻译unit8

篇一：测绘工程专业英语课文翻译

Unit 9 Basic Statistical Analysis of Random Errors （随机误差的统计学基本分析）

Random errors are those variables that remain after mistakes are detected and eliminated and all systematic errors have been removed or corrected from the measured values.【eliminate】后，并且所有系统误差被从测量值中移除或修正后，保留下的那些变量【variable变量、变化n.】）

They are beyond the control of the observer.So the random errors are errors the occurrence of which does not follow a deterministic pattern.确定性的】模式【pattern】而发生的误差）

In mathematical statistics, they are considered as stoc

Uuit1 What is Geomatics? （什么是测绘学） Geomatics Defined（测绘学定义）

Where does the word Geomatics come from?（Geomatics－测绘或地球空间信息学，这个名词是怎么来的呢？） GEODESY+GEOINFORMATICS=GEOMATICS or GEO- for earth and – MATICS for mathematical or GEO- for Geoscience and -MATICS for informatics. （大地测量学＋地理信息学＝GEOMATICS 测绘学 或者 geo 代表地 球，matics 代表数学，或者 geo 代表地球科学，matics 代表信息学）

It has been said that geomatics is many things to many people.（据说测绘学这个词对不同的人有不同的 理解）

The term geomatics emerged first in Canada and as an academic discipline; it has been introduced

Uuit1 What is Geomatics? （什么是测绘学） Geomatics Defined（测绘学定义）

Where does the word Geomatics come from?（Geomatics－测绘或地球空间信息学，这个名词是怎么来的呢？） GEODESY+GEOINFORMATICS=GEOMATICS or GEO- for earth and – MATICS for mathematical or GEO- for Geoscience and -MATICS for informatics. （大地测量学＋地理信息学＝GEOMATICS 测绘学 或者 geo 代表地 球，matics 代表数学，或者 geo 代表地球科学，matics 代表信息学）

It has been said that geomatics is many things to many people.（据说测绘学这个词对不同的人有不同的 理解）

The term geomatics emerged first in Canada and as an academic discipline; it has been introduced

1

目录

第一章....................................................................................................................................... 2

passage1：施工管理Construction Management ........................................................... 2 Passage2 项目管理与计算机 .......................................................................................... 2 Project Management and the Computer .......................................................................... 2 第二章.........................................................

1

目录

第一章....................................................................................................................................... 2

passage1：施工管理Construction Management ........................................................... 2 Passage2 项目管理与计算机 .......................................................................................... 2 Project Management and the Computer .......................................................................... 2 第二章.........................................................

1

目录

第一章....................................................................................................................................... 2

passage1：施工管理Construction Management ........................................................... 2 Passage2 项目管理与计算机 .......................................................................................... 2 Project Management and the Computer .......................................................................... 2 第二章.........................................................

1.With low-power machinery or vehicles the operator can usually apply sufficient force through a simple mechanical linkage from the pedle or handle to the stationary part of the brake. In many cases, however, this force must be multiplied by using an elaborate braking system.（P5） 用低能机器或传力工具，操作者通过向踏板或把手的一个简单机械连接构件作用足够的力量到车闸固定的部分。大多数情况，然而，用一个详细（复杂）的车闸系统使这个力量成倍增加。

2. The fundamental principle involved is the use of compressed air acting through a piston in a cylinder to set block brakes on the wheels. The action is simultaneo

1.With low-power machinery or vehicles the operator can usually apply sufficient force through a simple mechanical linkage from the pedle or handle to the stationary part of the brake. In many cases, however, this force must be multiplied by using an elaborate braking system.（P5） 用低能机器或传力工具，操作者通过向踏板或把手的一个简单机械连接构件作用足够的力量到车闸固定的部分。大多数情况，然而，用一个详细（复杂）的车闸系统使这个力量成倍增加。

2. The fundamental principle involved is the use of compressed air acting through a piston in a cylinder to set block brakes on the wheels. The action is simultaneou

Unit1 What is Geomatics? 3页

Data plotting (presentation) is handled through the use of mapping and other illustrative computer programs; the presentations are displayed on computer screens (where interactive editing can occur) and are output on paper from digital plotting devices. 数据绘图（描述，表达）是通过使用绘图和其他示范的计算机程序；这种表达显示在电脑屏幕（可以进行交互式编辑）和通过数字绘图设备输出到纸上。 Once the positions and attributes of geographic entities have been digitized and stored in computer memory, they are available for use by a wide variety of users. Through the use

Section 2 The Reliability of a Survey and Errors

测量误差的可靠性

Since every technique of measurement is subject to unavoidable error, surveyors must be aware of all sources and types of error and how they combine. If the accuracy of a measurement is defined as the nearness of that value to its true value (a quantity we can never know) then a surveyor must ensure that the techniques he chooses will produce a result that is sufficiently accurate. He must know, therefore, how accurate he needs to be, how to achieve this accuracy and