测绘工程专业英语unit23翻译

篇一：测绘工程专业英语课文翻译

Unit 9 Basic Statistical Analysis of Random Errors （随机误差的统计学基本分析）

Random errors are those variables that remain after mistakes are detected and eliminated and all systematic errors have been removed or corrected from the measured values.【eliminate】后，并且所有系统误差被从测量值中移除或修正后，保留下的那些变量【variable变量、变化n.】）

They are beyond the control of the observer.So the random errors are errors the occurrence of which does not follow a deterministic pattern.确定性的】模式【pattern】而发生的误差）

In mathematical statistics, they are considered as stoc

Uuit1 What is Geomatics? （什么是测绘学） Geomatics Defined（测绘学定义）

Where does the word Geomatics come from?（Geomatics－测绘或地球空间信息学，这个名词是怎么来的呢？） GEODESY+GEOINFORMATICS=GEOMATICS or GEO- for earth and – MATICS for mathematical or GEO- for Geoscience and -MATICS for informatics. （大地测量学＋地理信息学＝GEOMATICS 测绘学 或者 geo 代表地 球，matics 代表数学，或者 geo 代表地球科学，matics 代表信息学）

It has been said that geomatics is many things to many people.（据说测绘学这个词对不同的人有不同的 理解）

The term geomatics emerged first in Canada and as an academic discipline; it has been introduced

Uuit1 What is Geomatics? （什么是测绘学） Geomatics Defined（测绘学定义）

Where does the word Geomatics come from?（Geomatics－测绘或地球空间信息学，这个名词是怎么来的呢？） GEODESY+GEOINFORMATICS=GEOMATICS or GEO- for earth and – MATICS for mathematical or GEO- for Geoscience and -MATICS for informatics. （大地测量学＋地理信息学＝GEOMATICS 测绘学 或者 geo 代表地 球，matics 代表数学，或者 geo 代表地球科学，matics 代表信息学）

It has been said that geomatics is many things to many people.（据说测绘学这个词对不同的人有不同的 理解）

The term geomatics emerged first in Canada and as an academic discipline; it has been introduced

Unit1 What is Geomatics? 3页

Data plotting (presentation) is handled through the use of mapping and other illustrative computer programs; the presentations are displayed on computer screens (where interactive editing can occur) and are output on paper from digital plotting devices. 数据绘图（描述，表达）是通过使用绘图和其他示范的计算机程序；这种表达显示在电脑屏幕（可以进行交互式编辑）和通过数字绘图设备输出到纸上。 Once the positions and attributes of geographic entities have been digitized and stored in computer memory, they are available for use by a wide variety of users. Through the use

Section 2 The Reliability of a Survey and Errors

测量误差的可靠性

Since every technique of measurement is subject to unavoidable error, surveyors must be aware of all sources and types of error and how they combine. If the accuracy of a measurement is defined as the nearness of that value to its true value (a quantity we can never know) then a surveyor must ensure that the techniques he chooses will produce a result that is sufficiently accurate. He must know, therefore, how accurate he needs to be, how to achieve this accuracy and

Section 2 The Reliability of a Survey and Errors

测量误差的可靠性

Since every technique of measurement is subject to unavoidable error, surveyors must be aware of all sources and types of error and how they combine. If the accuracy of a measurement is defined as the nearness of that value to its true value (a quantity we can never know) then a surveyor must ensure that the techniques he chooses will produce a result that is sufficiently accurate. He must know, therefore, how accurate he needs to be, how to achieve this accuracy and

工业工程的真正价值Real IE Value

In additi on, the IE now has a greater opport unity to concen trate on any one of a broad variety of areas that many compa nies now recog nize as in dividual departme nts-i nclud ing simulati on, operations research, ergonomics, material handling and logistics.

值得一提的是，工业工程现在有更多的机会去集中于现在许多企业已经视为独立的学科的众多领域中的一个-----包括防真学、运筹学、人因学、物料搬运和物流学。

Work-measured Labor Standards 基于作业测量的劳动标准

If you are a manu facturer, cha nces are you have a bill-of-materials (BOM) system to determ ine sta ndard parts cost. Do you also

Text:Everybody’s Problem—Hazardous Waste

每个人的问题——危险废物

Every year ,billions of tons of solid wastes are discarded in the United Stastes. 美国每年丢去10亿吨的固体废物。These wastes range in nature from common household trash to complex

materials in industrial wastes ,sewage sludge ,agricultural resideus ,mining refuse and pathological wastes from institutions such as hospital and laboratories.

这些废物的变化范围在平常家庭产生的垃圾到工业废物的复合材料、污水、农业废渣、矿渣和像医院、实验室这种大型机构产生的病理废物。

The U.S Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) estimated in 1980 that at least 57 million me

测绘工程专业英语考试重点 Triangulateration 边角测量 Geomatic测绘学 Control network 控制网 Geosciences地球科学 Forward intersection 前方交会 Geodesy大地测量学 Resection 后方交会 Cadastral surveying地籍测量 Side intersection 侧方交会 Geodetic surveying 大地测量 Traverse angle 导线折角 Marine survey 海洋测量 Open traverse 支导线 Geological survey 地质测量 Close traverse 闭合导线 Control survey 控制测量 Close loop traverse闭合环导线 Horizontal survey 水平测量 Connecting traverse 符合导线 Vertical survey 高程测量 Coordinate increment坐标增量 Topographic survey 地形测量 Trigonometric leveling 三高程测量 Tacheometry 视距测量 Horizonta

测绘工程专业英语考试重点 Triangulateration 边角测量 Geomatic测绘学 Control network 控制网 Geosciences地球科学 Forward intersection 前方交会 Geodesy大地测量学 Resection 后方交会 Cadastral surveying地籍测量 Side intersection 侧方交会 Geodetic surveying 大地测量 Traverse angle 导线折角 Marine survey 海洋测量 Open traverse 支导线 Geological survey 地质测量 Close traverse 闭合导线 Control survey 控制测量 Close loop traverse闭合环导线 Horizontal survey 水平测量 Connecting traverse 符合导线 Vertical survey 高程测量 Coordinate increment坐标增量 Topographic survey 地形测量 Trigonometric leveling 三高程测量 Tacheometry 视距测量 Horizonta