英美概况英国政治总结

Iberians (3000BC-2000BC) the Stonehenge in Wiltshire

The Beaker Folk (2000BC)

The native Celts (700BC)

Roman Britain (55BC-410AD) three invasions:55BC by Julius Caesar failed;

54BC by Julius Caesar failed (the invasion marked the beginning of English recorded history for his diary)

43AD by the Emperor Claudius,and driving many of the native Celts into mountainous Scotland and Wales (built the Hadrian’s Wall and the Antonine Wall against Scotland;Roman civilization; slave society)

The Anglo-Saxon (446-871) there Germanic ethnic

英国与美国地理、政治、历史、经济简介。共七课。

CHAPTER1

1

Geographic Position

UK is situated in Western Europe, lying off the northwest coast of Europe and surrounded by the sea (the Arctic Sea, north Atlantic Sea, Irish Sea, and North Sea), and it covers most of the British Isles(Great Britain, Ireland and some small islands). UK is seperated from the European Continent by by the North Sea, the Strait of Dover and the English Channel. Its neighboring countries include France, Holland, Germany, Denmark, Norway, Belgium, the Irish Republic and Icelan

英国与美国地理、政治、历史、经济简介。共七课。

CHAPTER1

1

Geographic Position

UK is situated in Western Europe, lying off the northwest coast of Europe and surrounded by the sea (the Arctic Sea, north Atlantic Sea, Irish Sea, and North Sea), and it covers most of the British Isles(Great Britain, Ireland and some small islands). UK is seperated from the European Continent by by the North Sea, the Strait of Dover and the English Channel. Its neighboring countries include France, Holland, Germany, Denmark, Norway, Belgium, the Irish Republic and Icelan

? Great Britain

?

Geographical features and the People

1. The British Isles are situated in the northwest part of the Europe.

2. Britain ruled an empire that had 1/4 of the world’s people and 1/4 of the

world’s land area. It had colonies in North America, Asia, Africa and Australia. 3. The empire maintains links through a loose organization—Commonwealth of

Nations英联邦.

4. Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 5. 大不列颠和英国的关系：Great Britain【England+Scotland+Wales(英伦三岛)】

+Northern Ireland=The UK

The United Kingdom

I. Multiple Choice

1. The was “the greatest progressive revolution that mankind had so far experienced, a time which called for giants and produced giants—giants in power of thought, passion, and character, in universality and learning” (Engels). a. Renaissance

b. Industrial Revolution c. Reformation

d. Bourgeois Revolution

2. is regarded as the first English Prime Minster. a. Duke of Willington b. William Gladstone c. Benjamin Disraeli d. Sir Robert Walpole

3. The official head of Par

英美概况介绍

英国政治制度

英美概况介绍

英美概况介绍

按照你的理解，英国国王在国家中发挥 了什么作用？

英美概况介绍

(一)“光荣革命”与英王的保留1、英国政体的显著特点 ：存在君主(1)原因 ：特殊的国情和历史原因 (2)历程君主专制——一度共和——王朝复辟——光荣革命——君主保留

2、英国国王的地位(1)虚位元首：象征性的地位 (2)真正的国家权力掌握在议会和内阁手中

英美概况介绍

英美概况介绍

英美概况介绍

英国政党政治法律地位及其与政权的关系. 英国为资产阶级君主立宪制国家，实行两党制.18世 纪，辉格党和托利党轮流执政，已形成两党制的雏形. 工业革命后，保守党和自由党轮流执政，两党从议会 内的组织逐步扩展为全国性、群众性组织，并通过议 会改革，提高了下院的地位，在此基础上确立了两党 制. 20世纪初，保守党首创影子内阁，后形成惯例，使 两党制更加完备.1924年以后，由工党与保守党轮流执 政.两党制保证了两大资产阶级政党在国家政治体制中 长期占据统治地位，分享管理国家的权力.除保守党和 工党外，英国还有社会民主党、自由党、共产党等政 党，在议会中席位很少，除偶尔参加联合内阁外，一 般都不可能单独组织政府.

英美概况介绍

英国两党制的形成、发

英国宗教的考点：

1．1534国会通过“至尊法案”，宣布英王是英国教会的最高首脑，有权处理一切教会事务。从此剥夺了教皇对英国教会的一切权力，变国会为国家机构组成部分。改革后的英国教会称英国国教会。

2.启蒙运动最初产生在英国，却以法国为中心。启蒙运动是自文艺复兴以来西欧从精神上走出中世纪的思想解放运动的继续，启蒙运动思想家们进一步从理论上证明封建制度的不合理，从而提出一整套哲学理论，政治纲领和政府改革方案，要求建立一个以“理性”为基础的社会。他们用“天赋人权”的口号来反对“君权神授”的观点，用“人人面前法律平等”来反对贵族的等级特权，进而建立资产阶级的政权。启蒙运动为随后的资产阶级政治革命提供了思想与舆论的准备。

英国政治制度的形成：

1. 英国是近代史上第一个确立了宪政制度的国家。 2. 1215年约翰王签署了《大宪章》。《大宪章》作为贵族反抗国王专断权力的产物，确立了

贵族和教会的封建特权，限制了国王的权力，其最重要的意义就在于确立了王权有限、法律至上的宪政原则。

3. 1265年召开的“西门国会”时，除了贵族外，开始有各郡各派2名骑士和2名市民代表

参加会议，大会议就由贵族会议发展成为等级代表会议。

4. 查理一世君主专制统治，使王权与议

《最新英美概况》

练习参考答案

（本答案不包括练习中的开放性习题、思考题和讨论题） ====================================================

PART ONE The United Kingdom

Chapter One The Land

P. 6

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. B 2. B

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. F 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. T

IV Answer the following questions.

1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

2. Four. England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland. 3. Yes, it was. 4. No, it isn’t.

5. The “British Isles” is a gr

《最新英美概况》

练习参考答案

（本答案不包括练习中的开放性习题、思考题和讨论题） ====================================================

PART ONE The United Kingdom

Chapter One The Land

P. 6

II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. B 2. B

III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. F 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. T

IV Answer the following questions.

1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

2. Four. England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland. 3. Yes, it was. 4. No, it isn’t.

5. The “British Isles” is a gr

英语国家概况名词解释系列（1）

Amerigo Vespucci----Amerigo Vespucci, a navigator, proved that the land was not

India,but a new continent. Therefore, the land was named America after. The Puritans----The Puritans were wealthy, well-educated gentlemen. They wanted to purify the Church of England and threatened with religious persecution, the Puritans leaders saw the New world as the a refuge provided by God for those He meant to save.

英语国家概况名词解释系列（2）

The Bill of Rights----In 1789, James Madison introduced in the House of Representatives a