结果状语从句讲义

10 逻辑关系（Logical relations）

(61) 原因和结果

表原因的词：because, since, as, for, because of 表结果的词：so 一、原因状语从句

(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as, for引导。 (2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。此外，because

和so不能同用在一个句子里。

eg：------Why were you late for school?------Because I got up late.

since引导原因状语从句，相当于now that，意思是“因为……，既然……， 鉴于……”。 eg：Since the rain has stopped，let’s go for a walk. 既然雨停了，我们出去散散步吧。 as和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。

例如 ：As he has no car, he can’t get there easily. Since we have no money, we can’

时间状语从句

一. 概念：在复合句中，由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句。

二. 种类：

1.由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句。

（1）.when引导时间状语从句时，表示主句的谓语动作与从句谓语动作是同时发生的，或者从句的动作是发生在主句的动作之前的。可表示“一段”时间或“一点”时间。

She was walking when I called her.

（2）while引导的时间状语从句强调主句的动作和从句的动作在某一时间内同时发生，意为“在 期间”“在 过程中”。while引导的时间状语从句只能表示一段时间，不能表示一点时间。

While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.

（3）as引导的时间状语从句表示“当 时”“一边 一边 ”，指主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，既可以表示一段时间也可以表示一点时间。 He jumps as he goes along. 他边走边跳。 As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间） 2.

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(一)强调句：

It be 被强调部分that 句子其余部分

答题思路：(1)It be …that…(2) 被强调部分+ 句子其余部分== 一个完整的句子

e.g. I saw him walking in the street.

It is him that I saw walking in the street.

It is in the street that I saw him walking.

It is I that saw him walking in the street.

It was in the school __ I meet her. A. Where B. in which. C. that D. what.

It was the hotel ____ he stayed. A. that B. which C. where D when

***特殊的句型: It be not until…that… 直到……才……

It was not until 1920___ regular radio broadcasts began.

A.while

B. which

C. tha

教师寄语：功夫不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits. ?? ★请大家举例状语:

状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。

例如：

1. Naturally , our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call . (副词) 2. We worked hard , from sunrise to sunset . (介词状短语)

3. To help my disabled aunt , I spend an hour working in her house every day . (不定式) 4. Seen from a distance , the farmhouse looked deserted . (过去分词)

5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因状语从句）

状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作状语修饰形容词和副词时必须后置。

教师寄语：功夫不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits. ?? ★请大家举例状语:

状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。

例如：

1. Naturally , our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call . (副词) 2. We worked hard , from sunrise to sunset . (介词状短语)

3. To help my disabled aunt , I spend an hour working in her house every day . (不定式) 4. Seen from a distance , the farmhouse looked deserted . (过去分词)

5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因状语从句）

状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作状语修饰形容词和副词时必须后置。

宾语从句、状语从句专项训练

【专项训练】：

一、单项选择：

1、Do you know how much hot water ? A．Mum is needed B．does Mum need C．Mum needs D．did Mum need

2、Can you tell me ? A．where he is B．where is he C．he is where D．what is he

3、I didn’t know how to London? A．would they go B．are they going C．they would go D．they are going

4、I want to know how long A．has he been back B．has he come back C．he has been back D．he has come back

5、Do you know ? A．what the news are B．what is the news C．wha

状语从句

状语从句即指在主从复合句用作状语的从句。按照其意义，状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等。

时间状语从句

■引导时间状语从句的从属连词

引导时间状语从句的从属连词很多，如较基本的有before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, as soon as 等：

Things were different when I was a child. 我小时候情况与现在不同。

We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。 It’s a long time since I met you last. 从上次见到你，已有很长时间了。

He waited until she was about to leave. 他等着一直到她准备离开。

除以上基本的引导时间状语从句的从属连词外，还有些本来不是从属连词却可用作从属连词的词：

(1) 表示“一…就”的从属连词：the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediat

德语原因状语从句

由“weil”， “da”带起的原因状语从句， （Der Kausalsatz mit \， \） weil： 因为… 句型：

Er kommt nicht， weil das Wetter schlecht ist。 ____ ____________________________ |______________|

Weil das Wetter schlecht ist， kommt er nicht。 ____________________________ _____ |_____________________________| 例子：

Er kommt nicht， weil das Wetter schlecht ist。 = Weil das Wetter schlecht ist， kommt er nicht。 因天气不好，他所以不来。 da： 因为…，既然… 句型：

Da er krank ist， bleibt er zu Hause。 _______________ ______ |__________________|

The Adverbial Clause（状语从句）

1、so that

(1)so that 引导的从句只可位于主句之后

(2)so that还可引导结果状语从句，表示“结果是，以致”的意思。 eg. They missed the bus so that they were late for class.

(3)区分so that 引导的从句表示结果还是表示目的，除了根据上下文意思区别外，还可以从形式上加以判断，即so that 引导目的状语从句时，该从句常使用can, may, would和should等情态动词。

eg.He went early so that he got a good seat.(结果) He went early so that he could get a good seat.(目的)

(4) so that 引导目的状语从句时，可用to 或in order to 替换，将其改为简单句。

eg. He got up early so that he could get to school on time.

He got up early to get to school on time. In order t

状语从句练习：（填写状语从句连词）

1. When you read the book, you had better make a mark _____ you have any question.

2. His anger was _____ he couldn’t speak a word.

3. Wang Xin went to the meeting room ten minutes early ______ she could get a good rest.

4. He is so good a teacher _____ all of us like him. 5. He is so good a teacher _____ all of us like.

6. I won’t let you in _____ you show me the written permission of the commander. 7. If he doesn’t go, neither _______. (我也不去)

8. Make sure _____ you shut the door and windows before you le