学术英语写作课后题答案

英语 写作

英语学术论文常用句型

Beginning

1. In this paper, we focus on the need for

2. This paper proceeds as follow.

3. The structure of the paper is as follows.

4. In this paper, we shall first briefly introduce fuzzy sets and related concepts

5. To begin with we will provide a brief background on the

Introduction

1. This will be followed by a description of the fuzzy nature of the problem and a detailed presentation of how the required membership functions are defined.

2. Details on xx and xx are discussed in later sections.

3. In the next secti

Lecture 1

1.3

1（1）We can improve its performance when we use super-heated steam.

An improvement of its performance can be affected by the use of super-heated steam （2）If we add or remove heat, the state of matter may change. The addition or removal of heat may change the state of matter.

2 (1) You clearly can see the difference between the treated and untreated specimens. The difference between the treated and untreated specimens can be clearly seen

(2) Effective vaccines present such hazards, but only if a social organiz

Lecture 1

1.3

1（1）We can improve its performance when we use super-heated steam.

An improvement of its performance can be affected by the use of super-heated steam （2）If we add or remove heat, the state of matter may change. The addition or removal of heat may change the state of matter.

2 (1) You clearly can see the difference between the treated and untreated specimens. The difference between the treated and untreated specimens can be clearly seen

(2) Effective vaccines present such hazards, but only if a social organiz

Lecture 1

1.3

1（1）We can improve its performance when we use super-heated steam.

An improvement of its performance can be affected by the use of super-heated steam （2）If we add or remove heat, the state of matter may change. The addition or removal of heat may change the state of matter.

2 (1) You clearly can see the difference between the treated and untreated specimens. The difference between the treated and untreated specimens can be clearly seen

(2) Effective vaccines present such hazards, but only if a social organiz

专业英语写作考点总结

Part ? Academic English Writing （专业英语写作）

Chapter 1 Six Considerations in Academic Writing

1、Academic writing is a product of many consideration : audience, purpose, organization, style, flow and presentation.

（学术写作六要素：写作对象，目的，组织结构，文体特征，表达连贯和宣讲 或宣读）。

2、Organization usually has the following four parts : 问题-解决方法包括四个部分

(1) description of a situation （描述情况） (2) Identification of a problem （甄别问题） (3) Description of a solution （描述解决方法） (4) Evaluation of the solution （评估解决方法）

IV.将下列句子译成英语，注意正确使用表示比较的句型。 2.这台计算机所需的元件数比那台多得多。

This computer requires many more components than that one (does). 3.月亮离地球的距离远达24万英里。

The distance of the Moon from the Earth is as great as 240 000 miles. 4.电阻(resistance)越大，电容器(capacitor)达到其最大电压(voltage)所需的时间越长。

The greater the resistance, the longer time it takes for the capacitor to reach its maximum voltage.

The greater the resistance, the longer time is required for the capacitor to reach its maximum voltage.

V.根据所给的汉语原文，改正各英语文本中的错误。 1.我们容易确定该物体的重量。

We are easy to deter

Unit 1

Language building-up

Task 1/Specialized vocabulary 1. 饲料经销商；饲料批发商 2. 为他自己的收益而工作 3. 技能与劳动力 4. 制造塑料 5. 私人交易 6. 包装并定价 7. 无形之手

1. priced 2. labor

3. transactions 4. gain

5. labor; manufactured 6. invisible hand 7. distributor

Task 2/Signpost language

1. Today, in millions of homes across the nation, God will be thanked for many gifts, for the feast on the table and the company of loved ones, for health and good fortune in the year gone by, for peace privilege of having been b

Unit 1英译汉：15

Outlines are essential to effective speeches.By outlining, you make sure that related ideas are together, that your thoughts flow from one to another, and that the structure of your speech is coherent. You will probably use two kinds of outlines for your speeches--the detailed preparation outline and the brief speaking outline.

发言提纲是有效发言的基础。通过写发言提纲，你可以确保你的想法是关联的，你的思路从一点谈到另一点，你的讲话结构是连贯的，通常准备演讲你可以采用两种提纲方式：详细准备提纲和简单发言提纲。

In a preparation outline, you should state your specific purpose and central idea, and identi

Sample 1

Native American Influences on Modern U.S. Culture

When the first Europeans came to the North American continent, they encountered the completely new cultures of the Native American. Peoples of North America, Native Americans, who had highly developed cultures in many respects, must have been as curious about them. As always happens when two or more cultures come into contact, there was a cultural exchange. Native Americans adopted some of the Europeans? ways, and the Europeans adopted some of their ways. As a resul

Key to Exercises:

Unit 1

Exercise I:

1. 普通教育除了专业训练的内容外，还指对人的全方位的培养过程。

2. 从严格意义上来说，大学是为了把普通学生教育成为有文化修养、具备优秀专业技能的

人。

3. 大学是一个推动探索、使各种发现得到不断完善和证实的地方； 在那里，轻率和鲁莾

变得无伤大雅，错误通过思想与思想之间、知识与知识之间的碰撞会暴露无遗。

4. 以科研作为主要的教学手段，教授的作用在于把科研和教学结合起来——科研活动转变

成为一种教学模式。

5. 获取信息和理解信息是最基本的人权，而我们现在拥有人类历史上前所未有的信息量。 6. 信息对个人和社会的发展都非常重要，信息技术将使那些能够获取并利用它的人拥有相

当大的力量。

7. Men are not always made thoughtful by books; but they are generally made thoughtful by

association with men who thinks.

8. Basic education is currently funded primarily by the state in most cou