新编跨文化交际英语教程课文翻译unit2

U1

reading1

跨文化交际日益引起人们的注意的原因：是由于交通工具的进步与通讯手段的发展使得不同国家、不

同种族、不同民族的人能够频繁地接触和交往。

? L.S.Harms认为，在世界范围内的交际经历了五个阶段：

A语言的产生； B文字的使用； C印刷技术的发明； D近百年交通工具的进步和通讯手段的迅速发展； E跨文化交际。 近二十年来的交际是以跨文化为特征的。

二、对跨文化交际的不同理解

? 有的人认为每个人在文化上都是独特的，所以任何两个人之间的交际都是跨文化交际。 ? 文化通常不是指个人的行为，而是指一个群体的生活方式和习惯。作者认为作跨国、跨种族、跨民族.研究不仅应该是跨文化交际研究包括的内容，而且应该是放在首位的。 ? 在研究一个国家的文化特点时，我们的眼光首先应集中在它的主流文化上，其次才注意它的亚文化和地区文化的特点

含义:人们应用符号并借助媒介交流信息的行为与过程；人与人之间直接交往活动；通过媒介进行的信息交流与沟通活动。 人类传播的发展：

信息符号传播：手势、有限的声音、体语符号、其它符号、实物 口语传播 媒介传播

传播类型：非人

Unit 2

Culture and Communication

Reading I

What Is Culture

Comprehension questions

1. Which of the definitions given above do you prefer? Why?

Some may prefer a short definition, such as the one given by E. Sapir or R. Benedict, for it is highly generalized and easy to remember. Some may prefer a longer one, such as Edward T. Hall’s definition of culture, because it provides us with a more comprehensive understanding of culture and points out the all-pervasive impact of culture on human life in different dimensions.

2. What have y

?Homework of Unit 1: What are stumbling blocks（障碍物；绊脚石） in intercultural communication? How to overcome these blocks? 什么是跨文化间的交际，如何跨越这些障碍。

Unit Two Culture and Communication I.

Warm Up

Please read the story on page 38, then answer the questions: 1. Why was Tom considered a rude host by his visitors?

2. How can you explain the fact that Tom is misunderstood when he actually wants to be kind and friendly to the visitors? II. Reading

1. Read the article of ―What Is Culture‖. What can you learn about culture from it? Please an

?Homework of Unit 1: What are stumbling blocks（障碍物；绊脚石） in intercultural communication? How to overcome these blocks? 什么是跨文化间的交际，如何跨越这些障碍。

Unit Two Culture and Communication I.

Warm Up

Please read the story on page 38, then answer the questions: 1. Why was Tom considered a rude host by his visitors?

2. How can you explain the fact that Tom is misunderstood when he actually wants to be kind and friendly to the visitors? II. Reading

1. Read the article of ―What Is Culture‖. What can you learn about culture from it? Please an

1.纵观历史，我们可以清楚地看到，各民族与文化由于彼此所处地域、意识形态、容貌服饰和行为举止上存在的差异，而长久无法互相理解，无法和睦相处。在这种情况下，跨文化交际作为一个特定的研究领域得以形成和发展。值得注意的是，人类文明在发展过程中所遭受的许多挫折，既是个人的，又是全球性的；人类历史进程总是充满了个人间的直接冲突和民族间的误解－－从骂骂咧咧到孤立主义甚至到武装冲突，大大小小争端不绝。 很显然，文化间以及亚文化间的交往日益增多，这迫切要求我们共同努力，去理解与我们有着天壤之别信仰和文化背景的人们，并与之和睦相处。通过加深认识和理解，我们能够与生活方式、价值观念不同的人们和平共处；这不但有益于我们周遭环境的安定，也是维护世界和平的决定性因素。

2.文化有时候被称为我们的心智程序，也即我们“头脑的软件”。但是，我们可以进一步引申这个用电脑所做的类比，把文化看作是支持软件运行的操作环境。文化就像电脑使用的DOS或者Unix或者“视窗”(Windows)等操作系统一样，使我们能在各种各样的实际应用中处理信息。用“视窗”这个比喻来描述文化似乎也很有吸引力。文化就是我们心灵的视窗，透过它我们可以审视生活的方方面面。一个社会中不同个体的视窗是大不一

Unit 6

Culture and Nonverbal Communication

Reading I

An Overview of Nonverbal Communication

Comprehension questions

1. Can you speak each of the following sentences in different ways to mean differently?

1) She is my best friend.

2) You ve done really good job.

3) Come here, please.

4) That s all right.

Speaking the same sentence with the stress on different words may mean different things. For instance, if the stress falls on “she” in the first sentence, it means it is SHE, not you or somebody else, that is my best friend. But if th

Unit 1

Communication Across Cultures

Reading I

Intercultural Communication：An Introduction

Comprehension questions

1. Is it still often the case that “everyone?s quick to blame the alien” in the contemporary world? This is still powerful in today?s social and political rhetoric. For instance, it is not uncommon in

today?s society to hear people say that most, if not all, of the social and economic problems are caused by minorities and immigrants.

2. What?s the difference between today?s intercultural contact and that of

Unit 1

Communication Across Cultures

Reading I

Intercultural Communication：An Introduction

Comprehension questions

1. Is it still often the case that “everyone?s quick to blame the alien” in the contemporary world? This is still powerful in today?s social and political rhetoric. For instance, it is not uncommon in

today?s society to hear people say that most, if not all, of the social and economic problems are caused by minorities and immigrants.

2. What?s the difference between today?s intercultural contact and that of

Communication across cultures

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Contents1 2Question 1 Question 2

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Question 1 Why did the japanese general manager feel extremely surprised when he heard that mr.legrand had decided not to be away from France? What would he think of him,then?In Japan, a company is like a big family, in which the manger(s) will take good care of the employees and the employees .if it is necessary, to sacrifice their own individual interests for the interests of the company, from which, in the long run,

Checking Is Believing 参考译文：

验证为实

网络随时在拓展，它几乎可以给大多数学科提供无限量的信息。除了提供大量信息之外，网络使用起来也方便快捷。如今，我们拥有很多设备它们可以联网并展示信息，即使当你在赶路时也是如此。因此，网络可以提供一个获取信息的方便途径，而且网络已经受到了学生们的极力推崇。如果一位学生有条件上网，那么他/她就没有必要去图书馆查找资料。这样不仅节省了大量的时间也省去了交通费。几乎可以这样说，学生们比上班族有更多的时间浏览网页，网络上提供的信息有助于他们完成学习任务，这一点成了他们上网的额外动机。

Reading B This freedom is, of course, in sharp contrast to traditional media. Publishing companies, for example, can be very selective about their authors. Such companies have high standards and will only publish a book if the author is well qualified and