高中英语必修四第四单元知识点

高中英语必修四第四单元知识点

Unit four Earthquakes

1. burst爆裂,突发

The square is bursting with tourists. 广场上到处都是游客。

I felt as if my heart would burst with joy. 我觉得自己高兴得心花怒放。

The police burst through the door. 警察破门而入。

There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。 联想扩展：

(1) burst in on…突然打断

He burst in on our conversation. 他突然打断了我们的谈话。

(2) burst into +n. 突然…

The speaker burst into angry speech. 演讲者突然讲粗话。

(3) burst out + doing突然…

The woman burst out crying like a child. 那个妇女突然像小孩一样哭了。

(4) burst to do sth. 迫切想做某事

I am bursting to tell you the news. 我迫不及待的想告诉你这个消息。

2. suffer

用法归纳：

A, 受苦 He suffered terribly when his mother died.

B, 受到损失 If I lost, my self-esteem will suffer.

C, 遭受 He suffered no pain

联想扩展：suffer from

1、受…之苦 I suffered most from lack of rest.

2、患…病 I am suffering from a cold.

特别提示：

suffer表示“患…病”时，后面一般跟疾病名称。

_______ such heavy pollution already , it may now be too late to clean up the river .

A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered

3. reach

用法归纳：

（1）到达

The started early, hoping to reach there before dark. 它们很早就出发，希望天黑前到达那里。 易混辨析：

reach; get; arrive 到达

reach后直接加地点； get加to再加地点；arrive后加at/ in再加地点，at 后加小地点；in后加大地点。如果表示地点的词是副词，get和arrive后都不能用介词。另外，只表示“到了”，不强调到什么地方用arrive。

（2）达到

The number of the students in our school will reach 2000 next year.

（３）用手或脚够到

Can you reach the book on the top of the shelf? 你能够到书架顶上的那本书吗？

特别提示：

reach还可以作名词，表示“用手或脚能够到的范围；管辖范围或臂展”。

Please pass me the salt, it’s out of my reach. 请把盐递给我，我够不到。

（4）传到某人手中/耳中

高中英语必修四第四单元知识点

Your letter reached me yesterday. 我昨天收到你的来信。

The news reached me just now. 我刚刚听到那个消息。

（5）通向；延伸

Where does this road reach? 这条路通向哪里？

即时活用：

1、Most children stay at home until they ____ school age.

A. get http://www.77cn.com.cne C. reach D. arrive

2、Dear Jenny, thank you for your letter which ______ on April 1st.

A. arrived B. arrived at C. arriving D. arrived me

3、It is _______that the letter will ____you this afternoon.

A. most like; arrive B. likely; reach C. mostly like; get D. best like; reach

4. cover

（1）覆盖

The playground is covered by fallen leaves, we should clean it. 特别提示：

表示“覆盖”时，常用cover…with / by句型，并且译法比较灵活。

I am covered by dust. 我满身都是土。She covered her face with her hands. 她用双手捂着脸。

（2）包括；包含；涉及

The study of physics covers many subjects.

(3) 保护；掩护

The mother covered the baby from the falling ceiling.母亲保护婴儿不受下落的天花板的伤害。

（4）走完多少路；看完多少页书。

I can cover 100 Li on foot a day. 我一天不行能走100里。

How many pages have you covered? 你看完了多少页书？

（5）占多大面积

Our school covers an area of 60.000 square meters. 我们学校占地60000平方米。 特别提示：

表示“占多大面积”用…covers an area of +数词。

（6）采访

The chief editor sent a reporter to cover the event. 主编派了一记者去采访整个事件。

1、The farm is huge, lying between the valleys, and ____ an area of 15 square kilometers.

A. covered B. being covered C. covering D. covers

2、This is a long hard winter, with everything _______ white.

A. covered B. covered by C. covering D. covering with

3、This book is said to be a special one which ________ many events not found in other history books.

A. writes B. covers C. prints D. reads

4、This is a long hard winter, with everything _______ white.

A. covered B. covered by C. covering D. covered with

5、The farm is huge, lying between the valleys, and ____ an area of 15 square kilometers.

A. covered B. being covered C. covering D. covers

5. dig out挖出；发现；捐钱

It is not easy to dig out the past. 发掘过去的历史是不容易的。

He was buried by an avalanche and had to be dug out. 他遇雪崩被埋住了，得把他挖出来。 联想扩展：

高中英语必修四第四单元知识点

dig down 挖下 dig in 开始细致的工作 dig at 挖苦；嘲笑某人 dig deep 挖深；挖出来 dig for 发掘；搜集 dig into 钻研 dig up 掘起；挖出

6. 表示方位的介词 in / on / to / off

用法归纳：

（1）in 表示在范围里的某个方向

Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海在中国的东部。

(2) on表示接壤

Canada is on the north of the USA. 加拿大在美国北边。

(3) to表示不在范围里，也不接壤

Japan lies to the east of China. 日本在中国东边。

特别提示：

上边的句子可以改写为：

Japan lies east of China.或者 East of China lies Japan.

改正过的句子省略了介词to，原因在于表示方向的名词还可以作副词，表示“在什么方向”或“去什么方向”。

(4) off 表示

A. 在范围里但不接壤（多指各国的岛屿）

Taiwan is off the east of China. 台湾在中国的东部。

B. 在离…不远处

My house is off the main road. 我家离大路不远。

1、Taiwan lies______ the southeast of Fujian, which is ______ southeast of China.

A. in; on B. to; in C. on; in D. to; on

2、They traveled ________, all the way up to Wisconsin .

A. the north B. in the north C. north D. the south

7. keep / stop /prevent…from doing 防止 /阻止…发生

What prevented you from coming on time? 什么事情使你没有按时到？

主动句中，stop和prevent 后的from可以省略，keep后的from不能省略。被动句中，三个词后面的from都不能省略。

即时活用：

It seems very difficult _________.

A. to stop the child to cry B. preventing the child crying

C. to keep the child from crying D. holding the child’s crying

8. make sure = be sure

(1) + to do 一定；务必

Be sure to come on time this afternoon. 下午一定要按时到。

(2) + of + n. 把…弄确切

I know there is a train to Beijing tonight, but you should make sure of the time.

(3) + that从句

We are sure that China will become a strong and powerful country.

be sure / make sure to do = be certain to do

be sure / make sure of + n. = be certain of + n.

be sure / make sure + that… = be certain + that…

当be sure / make sure + that…时，句子的主语必须是人；而be certain + that…时，句子的主语用it。

高中英语必修四第四单元知识点

1、It is ______ that they both have the greatest respect for each other.

A. certain B. sure C. certainly D. surely

2、---Henry, ______ the light is ______ when you leave the lab. ---All right.

A. be sure; turned down B. make sure; turned off

C. sure; turn off D. make sure; turning off

9. protect vt. 保护

（1）protect sth.

To protect the environment, we should drive less. 为了保护环境，我们应该少开车。

（2）protect sth. / sb. from + n.

You should wear a pair of dark glasses to protect your eyes from the snow.

（3）protect sb. / sth. from doing

Ge You speaks carefully in public to protect himself from being hurt.

（4）protect A against B

The tree belts can protect this area against shifting sand.

1、He raised both his arms to protect his face ______ the ball.

A. from B. for C. with D. to

2、At the meeting, we reached a conclusion that we should do what we could ______ the Yellow River from being further polluted.

A. to protect B. protecting C. protect D. protected

3、You’d better wear your sunglasses to protect your eyes ______ the sun.

A. from B. with C. in D. under

10.There is no + doing …是不可能的

There is no knowing how old he is. 不知道他多大。

There is no persuading him to give up his idea. 不可能说服他放弃他的观点。

11、大量的

⑴修饰不可数名次 a great / good deal / a large amount of / much

⑵修饰可数名次 many / a number of / a great(good) many

⑶即可修饰可数名次也可修饰不可数名次 plenty of / a lot of / lots of / a large quantity of / quantities of / a mass of / masses of

1、I spent _______ of my time in this work.

A. a plenty B. a good many C. a good deal D. great deal

2、–How many books does he have --- He possesses ________them.

A. plenty of B. very much C. a great deal D. an amount of

高中英语必修四第四单元知识点

Those who welcomed the railway saw it as more than a rapid and comfortable means of passing. They actually saw it as afactor in world peace. They did not foresee that the railway would be just one more means for the rapid movement of aggressive armies. None of them foresaw that the more weare together-the more chances there are of war. Any boy or girl who is one of a large family knows that.

Whenever any new invention is put forward, those for it and those against it can always find medical men to approve or condemn. The anti-railway group produced doctors who said that tunnels would be most dangerous to public health: they would produce colds, catarrhs （粘膜炎） and consumptions. The deafening noise and the glare of the engine fire, would have a bad effect on the nerves. Further, being moved through the air at a high speed would do grave injury to delicate lungs. In those with high blood-pressure, the movement of the train might produce apoplexy （中风）. The sudden plunging of a train into the darkness of a tunnel, and the equally sudden rush into full daylight, would cause great damage to eyesight. But the pro-railway group was of course able to produce equally famous medical men to say just the opposite. They said that the speed and swing of the train would equalize the circulation, promote digestion, tranquilize the nerves, and ensure good sleep.

The actual rolling-stock was anything but comfortable. If it was a test of endurance to sit for four hours outside a coach in rain, or inside in dirty air, the railway offered little more in the way of comfort. Certainly the first-class carriages had cushioned seats; but the second-class had only narrow bare boards, while the third-class had nothing at all; no seats and no roof; they were just open trucks. So that third-class passengers gained nothing from the few mode except speed. In the matter of comfort, indeed they lost; they did, on the coaches, have a seat, but now they had to stand all the way, which gave opportunities to the comic （滑稽的） press. This kind of thing: A man was seen yesterday buying a third-class ticket for the new London and Birmingham Railway. The state of his mind is being enquired into.

A writer in the early days of railways wrote feelingly of both second-and third-class carriages. He made the suggestion that the directors of the railways must have sent all over the world to find the hardest possible wood. Of the open third-class trucks he said that they had the peculiar property of meeting the rain from whatever quarter it came. He described them as horizontal shower-baths, from whose searching power there was no escape.

16. All boys and girls in large families know that .

A) a boy and a girl usually fight when they are together

B） people tend to be together more than they used to be

C） a lot of people being together makes fights likely

D） Railway leads the world to peace

17. According to those who welcomed the railway, the railway itself should include all the following except

A） the railway enables people travel fast B） the railway brings comfort to people

C） the railway makes the world peaceful D） the railway leads the world to war as well.

高中英语必修四第四单元知识点

18. According to the anti-railway group, all the followings are true but . A） tunnels are dangerous to public health

B） the noise and the glare of the engine fire may affect people's nerves

C） the rapid speed through the air does damage to people's lungs

D） to those with high blood-pressure, the rapid speed of the train causes them to die 19. We may safely conclude that . A） the author belongs to the anti-railway group

B） the author belongs to the for-railway group

C） the author speaks highly of the railway

D） the author may never take train because of its potential dangers

20. What is the tone of this passage?

A）Practical B）Satirical C）Humorous D）Exaggerated

Dear Li Hua,

Your problem is a common one among middle school students. Maybe the following advices

can help you. First in all, believe in yourself. Your greatest problem is that you lack

self-confidence. The first thing you must do is to smile at your classmates. One smile speaks loud

about your wish to make friends than any word. Your smiles will show that you are friendly to

him. Next, trying talking with a student who is as shy as you or who share the same interest as

you.You can discuss your studies with a classmate, and you can talk your hobbies as well. Unles

s anyone is in trouble, you should be ready to help him or her. Once if you have confidence, you

can make as many friends as possibly.

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