语法学生讲义

名词性从句

1. Circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us, and if we feel that we have

been“wronged”then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation. (2011 年考研翻译真题)

2. If humanity has made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of every institution is

its distinctively human effect we may well believe that this lesson has been learned largely through dealings with the young. (2009 年考研翻译真题)

3. The law of conservation and transformation of energy states that energy is indestructible and

the total amount of energy in the universe is constant.

4. Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share—that because we are not robots

we therefore control our thoughts—and reveal its erroneous nature. (2011 年考研翻译真题)

5. This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact

underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989. (2005 年考研翻译真题)

6. The idea of punishing a tiger that kills somebody is absurd, for exactly the same reason, so is

the idea that tigers have rights. (1997 年考研翻译真题)

7. This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the

conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail. (1996 年考研翻译真题)

8. Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve

the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless”species. (2010 年考研翻译真题)

9. Writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or three respects his

mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years. (2008 年考研翻译真题)

10. What is needed is a technology of behavior, but we have been slow to develop the science

from which such a technology might be drawn. (2002 年考研翻译真题)

11. Whether the results will be valuable, meaningless, or even misleading depends partly upon the

tool itself but largely upon the user. (1995 年考研翻译真题)

12. How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount ,

reliability , and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. (1995 年考研翻译真题)

13. It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all. (1998 年考研翻译真题)

14. Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements. (1997 年考研翻译真题)

15. Actually, it isn’t, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have. (1997 年考研翻译真题)

16. Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true. (1998 年考研翻译真题)

17. Inflation says that very early on, the universe expanded in size by more than a trillion trillion trillion trillionfold in much less than a second, propelled by a sort of antigravity. (1998 年考研翻译真题)

18. In the same way, I trust that you will take comfort, and be delighted with yourselves, on the discovery that you have been acting on the principles of inductive and deductive philosophy during the same period. (1993 年考研翻译真题)

19. If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory. (1998 年考研翻译真题)

20. But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. (2007 年考研翻译真题)

21. And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training. (1993 年考研翻译真题)

22. But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago. (1998 年考研翻译真题)

23. Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa (反之) often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force. (1994 年考研翻译真题)

形容词从句

1. Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share—that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts—and reveal its erroneous nature. (2011 年考研翻译真题)

2. It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. (2010 年考研翻译真题) 3. We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education—that of direct tuition or schooling. (2009 年考研翻译真题)

4. He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.”(2008 年考研翻译真题)

5. On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. (2007 年考研翻译真题)

6. In Europe, as elsewhere, multi - media groups have been increasingly successful groups which bring together television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another. (2005 年考研翻译真题)

7. Tylor defined culture as “. . . that complex whole which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.“ (2003 年考研翻译真题)

8. This also involves the agreements between European countries for the creation of a European bank for Television Production which, on the model of the European Investments Bank, will handle the finances necessary for production costs. (2005 年考研翻译真题)

9. There were men in that crowd who had stood there every day for a month.

10. There is a man downstairs who wants to see you.

11. There are many people who are interested in the new invention.

12. Fortunately, there are some chemical fuels that are clean and smoke- less.

13. A driver who is driving the bus mustn’t talk with others

14. He showed no further wish for conversation with Mrs. Smith, who was now more than usually insolent.

15. He becomes desperate for work, any work, which will help them to keep in touch with the

society.

16. He insisted on buying another car, which he had no use for.

17. In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non -commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason. (2010 年考研翻译真题)

18. Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or no we are forming the powers which will secure this ability. (2009 年考研翻译真题)

19. It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. (2010 年考研翻译真题)

20. He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.”(2008 年考研翻译真题)

21. I shall define him as an intellectual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic(苏格拉底) way about moral problems. (2006 年考研翻译真题)

22. His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to this decision. (2006 年考研翻译真题)

23. But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. (2006 年考研翻译真题)

24. They may teach very well, and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment. (2006 年考研翻译真题)

25. Creating a “European identity”that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice—that of producing programs in Europe for Europe. (2005 年考研翻译真题)

26. The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of

thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be. (2004 年考研翻译真题)

倒装句

1. Generally， there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent

states， large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a common set of laws. (选自2007年Use of English)

2. There stands a monument to Lin Zexu at the center of the square， which attracts a great many

of visitors all the year round.

3. Here is an example， which I heard at a nurses’ convention, of a story which works well

because the audience all shared the same view of doctors.（选自2002年Text 1）

4. Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity

known to geologists as hot spots. (1998text5)

5. Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed and perhaps

never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe. (2005年第46题)

6. Not only is there a wide range of prices for goods in America， there is also a wide range in

the quality of goods offered for sale.

7. Under no circumstance should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the

interests of both the people and the state.

8. Americans no longer expect public figures to command the English language with skill and

gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves.

9. Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from

their own. (选自2004年Part B)

10. Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted， and only more gradually still was

this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.（2009年第47题）

11. Were the Times Co. to purchase another major media company， there is no doubt that it

could dramatically transform a family-run enterprise that still gets 90% of its revenues from newspapers. （1999年第13题）

12. Had it not been for the timely investment from the general public， our company would not be

so thriving as it is． （1998年第10题）

13. Far more Japanese workers expressed dissatisfaction with their jobs than did their

counterparts（相对应的人或物） in the 10 other countries surveyed.（真题例句）

14. Odd though it sounds， cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some

respected ideas in elementary particle physics， and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true. （1998年第75题）

15. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian

universities. (2007 年考研翻译真题)

16. Had the internet been invented at that time, Wild Bill Donovan would have loved it.

17. were you to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006’s World Cup

tournaments, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk.（2007年真题第一篇首句）

18. For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able

an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances. (1995，75)

19. At the core of this debate was chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve

Ross in 1992.（1997, passage 4）

省略句

20. It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional.（真

题例句）

21. Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with

it（随之） possibly the only way to solve our problems.（2002翻译）

强调句

22. Science does provide us with the best available guide to the future.(真题例句）

23. Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity

known to geologists as hot spots. (1998passage 5)

巩固练习

24. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demands of individual consumers, coupled

with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.

25. The implications of all this were that it was not he disturbance of sleep that mattered, but the

disturbance of dreaming.

26. What is it that causes us to get so angry with other people when we are sitting behind the

wheel of our car？

27. It is animal and plants which lived in or near water whose remains are most likely to be

preserved, for one of the necessary conditions of preservation is quick burial ,and it is only in the seas and rivers, and sometimes lakes, where mud and silt have been continuously deposited, that bodies and the like can be rapidly covered over and preserved.

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