某小区换热站的规划与设计

南京林业大学 本科毕业设计（论文）

题目:某小区换热站的初步规划与设计

学 院： 木材工业学院 专 业： 热能与动力工程 学 号： 0543108 学生姓名： 郝宁宁 指导教师： 王志和 职 称： 副教授

二OO九年五月二十五日

摘 要

换热站是供暖系统中非常重要的供暖设备, 在采暖和集中供热工程中具有一种“承前启后”的过渡连接作用。随着城市建设和经济的飞速发展，环境保护和节约能源成为越来越重要的问题，城市集中供热也成为城市小区尤其是北方城市小区供热的大势所趋。本论文先通过介绍小区热水采暖的特点，再通过对换热站的功能和应用、换热站的系统设计以及规划原则的概述, 其中结合具体工程项目的特点, 并依据节省投资、节约能源和满足供热效果的原则, 重点探讨了换热站工艺系统的设备选型、系统定压、系统供热调节等方面的内容，经过两种换热站换热器选择方案的比较分析，最终确定了合理的最佳方案，从而选择了一种结构紧凑、经济安全的板式换热器作为换热站的换热设备，力争该小区换热站的系统安全稳定、经济、方便。

关键词：集中供热 换热站系统 板式换热器 循环水泵

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Abstract

Heating system heat transfer station is a very important heating equipment, heating and central heating in the works with a \and future\to connect the role of the transition. With the development of urban construction and the rapid economic, The issue of environmental protection and conservation of energy has become more and more important the urban central heating has also become a city district particular in the northern city of district heating trend. In this paper, first by introducing the characteristics of residential hot water heating, and then through the heat exchanger station functions and applications, heat exchanger design and points system, an overview of planning principles, which combine the characteristics of specific projects and investment based on savings, energy conservation and meet the heating effect of the principle of focusing on the process of heat transfer station system equipment selection, system pressure, system regulation, such as heating elements, through two heat exchangers heat exchanger stations comparative analysis of options, and ultimately to determine the best option for a reasonable and thus opted for a compact structure, economic security, as the plate heat exchanger heat exchanger heat transfer stations, and strive to stop the heat transfer area of the system security and stability, economic and convenient.

Key words: central heating, system of heat transfer station, plate heat exchanger, circulating

water pump

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南京林业大学木材工业学院2005级热能与动力工程专业毕业论文

目 录

前言 ............................................................................................................................................ - 1 - 1小区集中热水采暖概述 ......................................................................................................... - 2 - 1.1小区集中热水采暖的特点 .............................................................................................. - 2 - 1.1.1住宅建筑采暖的特点 .............................................................................................. - 2 - 1.1.2 小区集中锅炉房热水采暖的特点 ......................................................................... - 3 - 1.2小区集中热水采暖的概况以及发展趋势 ...................................................................... - 4 - 1.2.1我国小区集中热水采暖的概况 .............................................................................. - 4 - 1.2.2我国小区集中采暖的发展趋势 .............................................................................. - 5 - 2小区换热站的初步规划 ......................................................................................................... - 7 - 2.1换热站的组成、分类以及作用 ...................................................................................... - 7 - 2.1.1换热站的组成 .......................................................................................................... - 7 - 2.1.2换热站的分类 .......................................................................................................... - 7 - 2.1.3换热站的作用 .......................................................................................................... - 8 - 2.2小区换热站站址和规模的确定 ...................................................................................... - 8 - 2.2.1 换热站站址的选择 ................................................................................................. - 8 - 2.2.2换热站规模的确定 .................................................................................................. - 9 - 2.3换热站供热系统类型的确定 ........................................................................................ - 11 - 2.3.1闭式双管式热水供热系统 .................................................................................... - 11 - 2.3.2开式热水供热系统 ................................................................................................ - 12 - 2.3.3该小区换热站供热系统的确定 ............................................................................ - 13 - 2.4 换热站主体设备—换热器的类型选择 ........................................................................ - 13 - 2.4.1换热器选型规划方案 ............................................................................................ - 13 - 2.4.2两种规划方案的比较 ............................................................................................ - 17 - 3 换热站主体结构的相关计算 .............................................................................................. - 20 - 3.1板式换热器设计的一般原则 ........................................................................................ - 20 - 3.2板式换热器选型计算 .................................................................................................... - 21 - 3.3板式换热器流速校核以及阻力计算 ............................................................................ - 24 - 3.3.1流速校核 ................................................................................................................ - 24 -

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南京林业大学木材工业学院2005级热能与动力工程专业毕业论文

3.3.2阻力校核计算 ........................................................................................................ - 25 - 4 换热站附属装置的选择 ...................................................................................................... - 27 - 4.1循环水泵的选择 ............................................................................................................ - 27 - 4.1.1循环水泵的选择要求 ............................................................................................ - 27 - 4.1.2循环水泵的选择计算 ............................................................................................ - 28 - 4.2除污器以及补给水泵的选择 ........................................................................................ - 29 - 4.2.1除污器的选择 ........................................................................................................ - 29 - 4.2.2补给水泵的选择 .................................................................................................... - 30 - 4.3仪表阀门的选择以及保温方案的拟定 ........................................................................ - 31 - 4.3.1仪表的选定 ............................................................................................................ - 31 - 4.3.2主要阀门的选定 .................................................................................................... - 32 - 4.3.3保温方案的拟定 .................................................................................................... - 32 - 5 小区换热站的总体规划以及评价 ...................................................................................... - 34 - 5.1 小区换热站的总体规划布置 ........................................................................................ - 34 - 5.1.1换热站设备布置 .................................................................................................... - 34 - 5.1.2换热站换热系统总体布置 .................................................................................... - 35 - 5.2小区换热站的特点以及进一步改进措施 .................................................................... - 35 - 5.2.1小区换热站的特点 ................................................................................................ - 35 - 5.2.2小区换热站的进一步改进措施 ............................................................................ - 36 - 6 结语 ...................................................................................................................................... - 38 - 感谢 .......................................................................................................................................... - 39 - 参考文献 .................................................................................................................................. - 40 -

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