涉外商务
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篇一:涉外商务沟通的技巧(毕业论文)
nhui Vocational & Technical College of Industry & Tra de
毕业论文
涉外商务的沟通技巧
The Communication skills of foreign business
所在系院: 外 国 语 系
专业班级:2010级商务英语四班
学生学号: 2010100403
学生姓名:程 赛 丽
指导教师:
2012年5月28 日
A
摘 要
全球经济一体化进程的加快使各国之间的商务活动日益频繁,因此涉外商务沟通越来
越发挥着举足轻重的作用。因为这是维持商务往来的必要条件,是商务谈判得以成功的前
提基础,是经济贸易发展的必经之路,为了更好的在商务谈判中取得优胜的地位,我们必
须了解和抓住商务贸易沟通在商务谈判中的运用,因为一笔生意的达成,并不仅仅因为一
方独天得厚的优势,沟通也占了很重要的一部分,很多的商务贸易失败的原因,都是因为
没有很好的沟通造成的。为了使沟通顺利进行,避免沟通障碍,掌握正确的沟通技巧尤为
重要。本文首先强调了涉外商务中沟通的重要性,其次分析了沟通中的障碍,最后总给出
一些商务沟通技巧。
关键词:涉外商务沟通;沟通障碍;沟通技巧
Abstract
With the rapid development of global economic,business activities become more and more
frequently in every country. Foreign business communications play an important role in order to
make the communication smooth and avoid the communication barriers. It is very significant for
us to improve the communications skills. Because it is necessary, condition to maintain business
contacts, the reasons for the failure of trade and commerce, because there is no cause of good
communication.
The success of business negotiation based on the preemies, is the only way of economic and
trade development, in order that the better obtain a winning position in business negotiation, we
must understanding and seizes the business and trade communication in business negotiations,
because a reached the pen business, not just because of one single-day thick advantage,
communication also accounted for a very important part of many portion. a lot of the reasons for
the failure of trade and commerce, because there is no cause of good communication This paper
stress the importance of business communication and then discuss the barriers of communication. At least give some communication skills.
Keywords: foreign business communication; communication barrier; communication skill
Contents
1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 1
2 The importance of business communication ................................................................................ 2
2. 1 Question ................................................................................................................................................ 2
2.2 The use of selective questioning approached ......................................................................................... 3
2.3 Used of the compliment of expression ................................................................................................... 3
2.4 The answer ............................................................................................................................................. 3
2.5 The language use of euphemistic ........................................................................................................... 4
3 Communication barriers ............................................................................................................... 6
4 Foreign business communication skills ........................................................................................ 7
4.1 Understand the communication object ................................................................................................... 7
4.1.1 Understand their concept of time ................................................................................................ 7
4.1.2 The attitude of some local people ................................................................................................ 7
4.1.3 Religious beliefs and taboos have to consider the matter ............................................................ 7
4.2 Etiquette ................................................................................................................................................. 7
4.3 Manner of speaking ................................................................................................................................ 8
4.4 The appropriate use of non-verbal .......................................................................................................... 9
4.5 Caused by the other party interested in ................................................................................................ 10
4.6 Effective listening .................................................................................................................................11
4.7 The problem of communication skills ...................................................................................................11
5 Conclusions ................................................................................................................................ 13
6 References .................................................................................................................................. 14
7 Thanks ........................................................................................................................................ 15
1 Introduction
As China enters the WTO and economic globalization is accelerating, China's position in the international economy is increasing, and increasingly frequent economic and trade activities between the countries in the world. Foreign business shows more and more important in the social, political, and economic life. Recent years, China has enormous progress in science and technology, economic interested, these are close lying related to the foreign business. It has brought to China's rapid develop China's growing, to continue moving forward. Foreign business at all times affected us, it is important to us. However, foreign business not able to separated from communication, effective communication will enable the smooth conduct of foreign business. Therefore, in the increasingly competitive in today's society, foreign business communication is particularly important communication skills is a top priority.
篇二:涉外商务英语中的语用问题
涉外商务英语中的语用问题
在当今世界,英语是国际通行最普遍、最主要的商务语言。任何语言都是某种社会文化的反映,有着深刻的社会内涵。中国和西方有着不同的历史发展道路、不同的环境、不同的文化底蕴,在思维、个性、价值观、言谈举止、风俗习惯方面有着极大的差异。涉外企业在国际商务往来中如果不注意文化内涵差异,又受到母语习惯和语法规则的影响,就极易产生文化迁移,导致英语语用失误,从而对商务往来和跨文化交际产生极大的负面影响。
语用失误是指在跨文化交际中,由于思维方式、说话规则、价值观念、词汇的社会内涵等方面的差异造成误解或谈话中断,致使交际失败而达不到预期的目的。母语的语用规则及母语文化的干扰是产生语用失误的根源。在涉外商务交流中,由于语用失误而造成互相不理解、不接受从而丧失很多商务机会,甚至造成经济损失的教训很多。造成英语语用失误的原因主要是由中西文化差异导致文化负迁移产生语用失误。国际商务环境下跨文化交际的语言运用,由于忽略社会文化的客观背景及语言交际环境,即世界社会中的各个群体所处地域及历史、生活方式、价值观、道德观、审美取向、宗教信仰、生产方式等差异,导致在跨文化交际中出现文化负迁移,从而造成语用负迁移,产生语用失误,出现许多语言交际中的不得体现象。例如,价值观主要表现为某些具有持久性、稳定性,为群体所普遍接受的信念,它是社会文化的组成部分,又是社会文化因素在人们心中长期渗透、积淀的结果,它持久地影响着人们的态度、需要和行为方式。我们在涉及价值观念英语交际时常见的语用失误,如,当面称呼上岁数的人为old people、aged people,均使人感到尴尬与难堪;而应该用一种比较模糊、礼貌而又尊重的称谓senior citizen是比较得体和恰到好处的。因为西方人注重强调个人尊严、自我形象和社会价值。另外,一些不符合英语语用规则的问候、致谢或恭维、道歉可能被误认为是很没修养的表现或触及个人隐私等;中国人之间询问年龄、身高、体重、收入、婚否是表示对对方的关心,而在西方这是绝对禁止的话题。文化不同语言的使用规则就会不同,一种文化的标准规范只能在自身中按其特定条件加以解释,而不能以此为规范来描述另一种文化,否则必然会导致跨文化商务往来的语用失败。
首先,注意英汉文化和语用差异,语言使用应适应语言环境。语用失误还表现在使用英语语言进行交流时容易套用汉语的语言习惯、格式、语法和含有本民族的思想和价值观的俗语、套话。因此容易使对方产生歧义。我们在用英语语言交流时应该避免英语语言不适合其语境的问题。不同语境,面对面的跨文化交际能否成功取决于双方对对方的文化背景知识是否胸有成竹。语境适应应注意:一是不要两种语言在用词和翻译上完全对等。这是在英语交流中常见的问题,汉语里喜欢用重叠的词语来加强语气,比如,处理和对待、贯彻执行等等,如果在英语都去找其对应词,那是不符合英语语言规律的,显得生硬,有画蛇添足的感觉。二是不要把汉语里的套话完全套成英语。比如,在开正式商务会议时,发言人喜欢最后祝福与会代表家庭幸福、合家欢乐、身体健康、万事如意等等客套语,如果把这种套话完全套成英语,未免使英语人士啼笑皆非,因为在正式会议场合,英语国家不用这么长的句子来表示客套,如果用,只需简单的词和句子一带而过。三是切忌避免对方忌讳的话题。在对外文化适应方面,不论是以哪种方式,都要以积极主动、自觉自愿为主。要有效地进行国际商务环境的跨文化交际,就要提高对外文化的适应性,自觉调整好民族情结和文化情结。自觉避免跨文化交际中由文化负迁移导致的语用负迁移,以及由此产生的语用失误,从而达到贴切地进行交际的目的。
其次,注重商务礼仪知识和恰当运用语用策略。进行国际商务往来时恰当的商务礼节是不同文化背景的企业间建立贸易关系的开始,甚至决定了企业间能否建立良好的贸易关系、为进一步的业务往来奠定基础。中国现代商务礼仪更关心人际交往的成功,其核心内容就是人际交往的行为规范。此外,还十分注意吸取外国礼仪之所长,形成广为接受的国际礼仪惯例。当代国际礼仪遵循以下三个基本原则:一是注重以人为本,个性自由,尊重个人隐私,
维护人格自尊;二是强调女士优先,即强调在一切场合,不仅要讲究男女平等,反对特别歧视,更要讲究尊重和保护女性;三是讲究严谨务实,在交际活动中既要讲究礼仪,又要实事求是,反对虚假、造假,不提倡过分的客套,不认同过度的自谦、自贬。克服文化自卑崇洋和面子心理,以平等的语用策略进行跨文化商务往来。有些西方大企业自恃资金雄厚,在商务往来语用中不自觉地流露出文化优势,涉外企业在这种情形下要采取应对措施,保持平等、尊重的语用原则和不亢不卑的英语语用策略。每一种文化都是社会和历史发展的结晶,不存在孰优孰劣。不同的文化应该互相尊重,取长补短,借鉴和融合。
再次,适当应用非语言交际策略有利于实现英语语用最优化。所谓非言语行为交际,就是通过使用不属于言语范畴的方法来传递信息、表达思想的过程。它包括手势、身势、眼神、微笑、沉默、面部表情、服饰、体触、体距、对于时间和空间的利用等等。samovar说过:绝大多数研究专家认为,在面对面交际中,信息的社交内容只有35%左右是语言行为,其他都是通过非语言行为传递的。近年来,国外对非言语行为的研究已发展到一个新的阶段,出现了副语言学(daralingulstics)、身势学(kinesics)、近体学(proxcmics)等新兴学科。研究结果表明在实际交际过程中,文化背景制约着非言语行为的内涵。
篇三:译文 涉外商务信函翻译(2)
译文一
先生:
贵方9月10日询价函已收悉,首先对贵方有兴趣购买我方皮鞋和手提包表示感谢。 今天将寄往你处一份配有插图的出口产品目录。我方所提供的产品均用优质皮革制成。鲜艳的色泽、优雅的设计,加之精湛的制作工艺,使这些产品必能满足贵方市场流行的需求。 我公司有一位代表目前正在香港。他下星期将去贵处拜访,并随带我们手工制作的全套样品。他已被授权与贵方商讨订货条款或谈判签订合同。如蒙贵方给予他建议和协助,我们将不胜感激。
敬上 Dear Sirs,
Your inquiry of Sept. 10 has received our attention, thank you for your interset in our leather shoes and handbags.
A copy of our illustated export catalogue will be sent to you today. All the goods we supply are made from leather of the very best quality. The bright colors and elegant designs together with the super workmanship can meet the requirement of fashion trade such as yours.
A representative of pur company is now in Hong Kong. He will be pleased to call on you next week with a full range of samples of our hand-made lines.
Sincerely yours,
译文二
琼斯先生:
我们接受贵方3月8日的还盘,现非常高兴地与贵方确认我们双方已就男式皮包买卖达成交易。从我方厂家获悉,目前他们每周可生产皮包3万只。因此,贵方需下月装运的5万只皮包的订单可如约履行,敬请放心。
同时,我们想要强调的是,贵方信用证必须在本月底前开到我处,否则,装运将会延迟。随函附上一式两份我方第03M15号销售确认书。请会签后寄回我方一份存档。感谢贵方的合作,相信我们的产品会令你们满意的。
销售经理 ×××谨上
Dear Mr. Jones,
We accept your counter-offer of Mar. 8 and are pleased to confirm having cocluded the transaction of the captioned goods with you. Our factory has informed us that they can, at present, entertain orders of 30,000 per week. Thus you may rest assured that your order of 50,000 for shipment next month will be fulfilled as contracted.
We’d like to emphasize that your L/C must reach here by the end of this month. Otherwise, shipment has to be delayed. We enclose with this letter our Sales Confirmation No:03M15 in doubled. Please send us one copy for records. We appreciate your cooperation and trust that our
products will turn out to your satisfaction.
Sales Manager
Sincerely yours
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