2018年高考完型和阅读理解常考80个核心词汇熟词新义及练习

高考常考的80个熟词新义

单词 1.absent 熟义 adj.缺席的 新义 adj.茫然的，恍惚的 vi.渴望 例句 She looked at the picture in an absent (茫然的) way. Having left for ages, he was aching (渴望) for home. The president will address (发表) his speech at 3：00 pm. The picture looks nice against (映衬) the white wall. This diet allows (使可能) you one glass of wine a day. A warm sunshine announces (预示) the coming of spring. The nurse attended (看护) to him day and night. He was badly wounded in the war and still bears (带有) the scars. (2014·北京高考)A key first step in 9.better adj.&adv.较好的，较好地 vt.改善；优化 bettering (改善) your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. 10.blank adj.空白的 n．空白 adj.& n．蓝色 adj.没表情的；空虚的；没兴趣的 adj.忧伤的 The stranger returned my greeting with a blank (没表情的) look. His songs always make me feel blue (忧伤的)． (2014·江苏高考)Not white, certainly, but 12.bridge n.桥 vt.消除隔阂 not really Asian, I try to pave the way between the two worlds and bridge (消除隔阂) the gap for you. 13.build vt.建筑，建造 vi.使增强；使更强(2010·北京高考)One should receive 2.ache vi.& n．疼痛 n.地址vt.写地址 prep.逆着，反对；倚，靠；碰 vt.允许 3.address vt.发表(演说) 4.against prep.映衬 5.allow vt.使可能 vt.显示；预示；预告 vi.&vt.看护；治疗；陪同 vt.显示；带有 6.announce vt.宣布 7.attend vt.出席；参加 8.bear vt.忍受；容忍 11.blue 壮n.体格，体形，training to build (增强) up one’s 身材 confidence. (2008·江西高考)You’re right, Josh. He may have a small build (身材)． 14.cause vt.促使，引起 n．原因，起因；事业；目标 (2010·山东高考)Even with a staff of 22 volunteers, Thomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause (事业)． 15.cloudy adj.阴的，多云的 n.教练 adj.不明朗的，不清晰的 vt.辅导，指导 Who will take his place still remains cloudy (不明朗的)． She coached (指导) me in playing football. It is not how much you read but what you read that counts (重要)． 16.coach 17.count 18.course n.&vt.计算，数 vi.有价值；重要 n.课程；过程 n.一道菜 vt.行走(一段路程)；足以支付，The courses (菜谱) vary with seasons. (2014·天津高考)At that time, we regarded 25 miles as good day’s walk and the ability to cover (行走) such a distance in ten hours as sign of strength and skill. (2010·福建高考)To cover (足以支付) the cost of hiring a bus, each student will have to pay $10 each time. 19.cover vi.覆盖 够付；采访 n．书刊封面，封皮 20.damage vt.&n.损坏 n.赔偿金(复数) He claimed $7,000 damages (赔偿金) from the taxi company. Having been cheated in a business deal (交易), he was reduced to nothing. He deserted (抛弃) his wife and children and went abroad. Did you have the films developed (冲印)？ You can’t divorce (使分离) science from ethical questions. (2014·江苏高考)It is the same instinct that drives (迫使) people to dress one way 21.deal vi.处理，解决 n.交易 22.desert n.沙漠 vt.&vi.发展；开发；研制 vt.与某人离婚 vt.抛弃，离弃 23.develop vt.冲印 24.divorce vt.使分离；使脱离 vt.迫使(某人做不好的事) 25.drive vt.驾驶 at home and another way at work ... 26.encourage vt.鼓励；激励 vt.促进，助长；刺激 Good health encourages (促进) clear thinking. (2012·广东高考)If he thought he could vt.被忘掉；被忽视 escape (被忽视) attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. vt.免除某人的职责 vt.勃然大怒；大发雷霆 vt.利用 He was excused (免除) from piano practice. I’m about to explode (勃然大怒)! He broke his promise again. You must exploit (利用) every opportunity to learn English. (2011·新课标全国卷)William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail (变弱)． 32.fine adj.美好的，很棒的，晴朗的 adj.外国的；外交的 n.&vt.罚款；处(某人)以罚金 adj.不熟悉的 The man will get a fine (罚款) if he parks the car there. The subject is foreign (不熟悉的) to all of us. (2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)When faced with 34.freeze vi.结冰，(使)冻结 vi.&vt.惊呆，吓呆；不动，停止 so many options, the lion chooses to freeze (停止，不动) and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair. 35.fresh 36.gain adj.新鲜的 vi.&vt.获得；赢得 n.地面 adj.无经验的 vt.增加(速度、重量) n.理由 She is quite fresh (无经验的) to the work. The car gained (增加) speed gradually. He has strong grounds (理由) for more money. The law of supply and demand governs (影响) the prices of goods. (2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Try not to cough more than you can help (避免，防止) since it may cause problems to your lungs. (2014·浙江高考)These cottages once 27.escape vi.&vt.逃跑；逃脱 28.excuse n.借口vt.原谅 29.explode vi.爆炸；爆裂 vt.开发；开采；剥削 30.exploit 31.fail vi.失败 vi.(健康)衰退，变弱 33.foreign 37.ground 38.govern vt.管理；控制 vt.影响；支配 39.help vt.帮助 vi.避免，防止；起作用 vt.&vi.给……房40.house n.房子 子住；容纳 housed (给……房子住) early settlers as they worked the dry Montana soil; now they hold Twitter engineers. 41.ill adj.生病的 adj.& adv.坏的/地 v.启发 n.利润，利益；股份 n.& vi.大幅度上涨 v.消磨或打发(时间) It’s no good speaking ill (坏的) of others. His best music was inspired (启发) by the memory of his mother. Our family has interests (利益) in the business. Last week the prices of goods jumped (大幅度上涨)． (2010·湖北高考)How does the man kill (打发) time？ (2015·浙江高考)Since finishing my 42.inspire v.激励；鼓舞 43.interest n.兴趣 44.jump vi.& n．跳 45.kill v.杀死，弄死 46.land vi.降落，着陆n.陆地 studies at Harvard and Oxford, I’ve vt.谋得(工作等) watched one friend after another land (谋得) high-ranking, high-paying Wall Street jobs. 47.last adj.最后的 adj.最不可能的 vt.般配，与……匹配 vt.&vi.估量，判定He is the last (最不可能的) man I want to see. (2013·江西高考)She matched (匹配) the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour. It’s hard to measure (判定) his ability when we haven’t seen his work. We can multiply (迅速增加) our chances of success. (2012·天津高考)Parents and children 48.match n.火柴 49.measure n.措施，方法 (重要性、价值或影响等) 50.multiply v.乘；乘以 vt.成倍增加；迅速增加 51.narrow adj.狭窄的 vt.缩小，使变窄 should communicate more to narrow (使变窄，缩小) the gap between them so that they can understand each other better. 52.note n.笔记 v.注意，特别指出；提及 I noted (注意到) that her hands were dirty. (2014·山东高考)While nursing (照料) 53.nurse n.护士，保姆 vt.看护，照料(病人或伤者) her ill elder sister throughout the years, Charlotte discovered she had an interest in medicine. 54.open v.开adj.开着的，打开的 vi.机器运转工作；做手术 n.画 adj.(问题、议事等)未解决的 vi.起作用 They left the matter open (悬而未决的)． The medicine operated (起作用) quickly. (2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)I would like to picture (描绘) my future life in ten years. What’s your position (观点) on the problem？ 55.operate 56.picture vt.描绘 57.position n.位置；职位 n.立场；观点 58.promise vt.& n．许诺 vt.有……的希望；The dark clouds promise (使……有可能) 使……有可能 v.宣称；宣布；判决 vt.理解；领会 rain. The judge pronounced (判决) against her appeal. I didn’t read (领会) mother’s thoughts at that time. We are losing the game in the last round (轮) due to our complacency. Say (假定) that war breaks out, what will you do？ (2014·四川高考)I was wrapped (包裹) 59.pronounce vt.发音 60.read v.阅读 prep.&adv.环61.round 绕，围着adj.圆形的 n.回合；局；轮 62.say vt.说 vt.假定，显示，表明 63.shelter n.避难所 vt.保护 heavily and well sheltered (保护) from the freezing and blowing weather. 64.shoulder n.肩膀 vt.承担 Young people should learn to shoulder (承担) the blame. (2010·天津高考)Bearing responsibility for his mistakes is a sign (预兆) of a man’65.sign n.符号，记号 n.迹象，预兆v.签字，签署 s maturity. (2010·福建高考)Therefore, students should be advised to sign (签字) up as soon as possible.

66.solid adj.固定的，坚硬的 adj.可靠的，可信赖的 adj.健全的，健康的 (2012·浙江高考)The research lacks solid (可靠的) evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful. It is important to have a sound (健康的) body. (2009·四川高考)．.. the author could not 67.sound n.声音 68.stand vi.站，站立，直立 vt.忍受n.货摊 stand (忍受) living in a wooden house. (2010·福建高考)I found the fish stand (货摊) surrounded in a sea of customers. 69.store n.(大型)百货商店 vt.& n．贮藏，贮存，保存 (2010·安徽高考)Although dams can be built to store (贮存) water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons ... A basketball coach must know the 70.strength n.力，力量，体力 n.长处 strengths (长处) and weaknesses of his players. The subjects (实验对象) of this 71.subject n.科目，话题 n.实验对象 adj.易受影响的 experiment were men aged 18－35. The child is subject (易受影响的) to colds. 72.taste v.品尝，尝 出……味道 n.味道；鉴赏力；(2013·天津高考)While she was in Paris, 爱好 she developed a taste (爱好) for fine art. (2010·江苏高考)The doctor is skilled at 73.treat vt.以……态度对待 vt.治疗，医治 vt.& n．款待，招待 treating (治疗) heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good reputation. Let’s go out for lunch — my treat (款待)． 74.walk vi.& n．行走；步行 n.行业 This society welcomes people from all walks (行业) of life. Her thoughts wandered (思想开小差) back to her youth. (2009·山东高考)I can still remember he was always wearing (面带) a smile and willing to help. (2012·福建高考)However, this must be 75.wander vi.漫游；游荡；vi.走神；神志恍漫步 惚；思想开小差 vt.面带，流露；留(发、须等) v.权衡；斟酌 76.wear vt.穿，戴 77.weigh v.称……的重量；重达 weighed (权衡) against the benefits for city children for whom we all have the greatest duty of care. (2009·浙江高考)The medicine works (起作用) more effectively if you drink some vi.(方法、药等)起作用，奏效n.著作，作品 78.work vi.& n．工作，劳动 hot water after taking it. (2010·四川高考)Such poets as Shakespeare are widely read, of whose works (作品), however, some are difficult to understand. 79.undertake vt.承担；从事 vt.承诺；允诺；答应 I can’t undertake (承诺) that you will make a profit. (2013·天津高考)Moreover, I will open 80.voice n.声音 vt.说出 more channels for you to voice (说出) your opinions and needs. Exercises： 1. William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail. 衰退 2. His father’s trust removed his fear of failing his parents. 使失望 3. After the competition, she was left alone to reflect on her successes and failures. 反思；仔细思考 4. All contributions for the May issue must be received by Friday. 稿件 5. Responsibility is the price every man must pay for freedom. 代价；牺牲 6.The new movie promises to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time. 有希望成为 7. She is a small woman with a slim figure. 身材 8. The dull, absent look on her face implied boredom. 心不在焉的 9. How do you observe Christmas in your country? 庆祝 10. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “Lost my job. Family to feed.” spot 发现；say 提供信息；指示 11. Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she has been shouldering since her marriage to Father. 承担 12. He must have sensed that I was looking at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, “Why are you staring at me like that?” 感觉到；察觉到 13. Banks actively encourage people to borrow money. 鼓动；怂恿 14. He is the last person to tell a lie. 最不可能的

15. Suddenly it occured to me that they couldn’t possibly have met before. 16. Tears were welling up in her eyes. （像泉水般）涌出 17. Tears streamed down her cheeks. 流动

18. I suggest that Global Mirror carry articles to guide us in our English learning. 刊登

19.This society welcomes people from all walks of life.行业 20.Young people should learn to shoulder the blame. 承担

21.Parents and children should communicate more to narrow (使变窄，缩小) the gap between them so that they can understand each other better. (使变窄，缩小) 22.To cover the cost of hiring a bus, each student will have to pay $10 each time.(足以支付)

23. Did you have the films developed？ (冲印) 24.The child is subject to colds.(易受影响的)

25.He deserted his wife and children and went abroad.(抛弃)

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