高三一轮复习 专题八 时态和语态讲解与练习（无答案）

专题八 时态和语态

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一、时态

1、英语中动词的16种时态 时 态 现在 过去 将来 过去将来 一般 √ √ √ √ 进行 √ √ 完成 √ √ 完成进行 2、常考各种时态的用法 ※一般现在时 定义：

构成：be(am, is, are) V(原形，单三) 判断依据：

?表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常用usually, often, always, sometimes, every day, once a week等作时间状语。

Eg:I usually have my hair cut once a month. ?表示客观真理、客观事实 Eg:The earth moves around the sun. ?表示按时间表、计划、规定发生的动作 Eg:The train leaves at 2:35 this afternoon. ④时间、条件、让步状语从句中的主将从现?

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Eg:You will succeed if you try your best.

Even if it rains tomorrow, the football match will take place. ※一般过去时 定义：

构成：be(was, were) V-ed 判断依据：

?常见时间状语：yesterday, ago, last, in 2019, the other day等 Eg:He came to work here two weeks ago.

It was a terrible piece of work you turned in yesterday. ?在时间、条件状语从句中代替过去将来时 Eg:He said he would not go if it rained.

?句中动词是：know, think, expect等时，表示“本来认为”，虽然没有明确的时间状语，但句子任然用一般过去时 Eg:I didn’t expect to meet you here. I thought he had heard the news. ※一般将来时 定义：

构成：will +v(原形) be going to +v(原形) 判断依据：

?现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态；事物的固有属性或必然趋势。 Eg:Tom will come back next week.

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Fish will die without water.

?“be going to+动词原形”，表示“计划、打算要做某事”,也可以用于对未来的推测 Eg: He is going to speak on TV this evening. Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain.

?“be about to +动词原形”，此结构不能与表将来的具体时间状语连用，但可以与when引导的时间状语从句连用 Eg: The train is about to leave.

④“be to +动词原形”，表“计划或安排做某事”。 Eg: When are you to leave for home? She is to be married next month.

The Queen is to visit Japan in a week’s time. ※过去将来时 定义：

构成：would +v(原形) be going to+v(原形)

判断依据：过去的时间或动作作参考 Eg: He said he would wait for us at the bus stop.

She was about to open the door when the telephone rang. ※现在进行时 定义：

构成：am/is/are + v-ing 判断依据：

?时间状语：now, listen, be quiet，at the moment等

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Eg:Our friends are waiting for us outside now. ?根据定义来判断

Eg:She is learning English at college.

?短暂性动词用于进行时表将来(如：come, go, start, arrive, leave......) Eg:My father is coming to see me this Saturday. He is leaving for Beijing next week.

④某些动词的进行时表示慢慢地、渐渐地发生变化 Eg:I’m forgetting English. She is losing her eyesight.

注：表示存在、拥有、认知、情感等的动词一般不用于进行时，常见的有:keep, stay, remain, consist of, contain, have, belong to, possess, own, hold, sound, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, feel, see, hear, understand, know, suppose, remember, admit, forget, believe, think, like, love, hate, prefer等 ※过去进行时 定义：

构成：was/were + v-ing 判断依据： ?根据定义来判断

Eg:She was writing a book about China last year, but I don’t know whether she has finished it.

It was watching TV in the living room when someone knocked at the door. ?短暂性动词用于过去进行时表将来

Eg:They were coming to attend the meeting a few days later.

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※现在完成时 定义：

构成：have/has +p.p 判断依据：

?5大副词：already, yet, ever, never, just Eg:I have already seen the film. Have you ever been to London?

?时间状语：recently, lately, so far, in the past/last few months, up to/till now...... Eg:In the past few years, great changes have taken place in my hometown. He has been busy writing a book recently. So far no life has been found outside the earth. ?“for+一段时间”; “since+过去的时间” Eg:He has served in the army for three years. He has lived in Beijing since last year.

④找次数（This/It is the+ 序数词+time+that......） Eg:This is the second time that I have visited the university. ⑤根据定义来判断 Eg:He has turned off the light. The concert has started. ※过去完成时 定义：过去的过去 构成：had+p.p 判断依据：

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?时间状语：by then, by the end of , before 2019, by the time+句子等 Eg:By the end of last term, we had learned 2,000 words. He had left before I got home. ?根据定义判断

Eg:He said that he had been abroad for 3 years.

?hope, expect, think, intend, want, suppose等用于获取完成时，表示未实现的希望、打算或意图，意为“原本......”

Eg:We had expected that you would be able to win the match. ④“This/It was the +序数词+time+that......”,that后用过去完成时。 Eg:It was the third time that he had made the same mistake.

⑤“hardly/scarcely...when”和“no sooner...than...”结构中，主句用过去完成时。 Eg:Hardly had the game started when it started to rain.

※ 真题演练

1.You’d better write down her phone number before you _______ (forget) it. 2.Janes has just arrived, but I didn’t know he ______ (come) until yesterday.

3. During his stay in Xi’an, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends ___________ (recommend). 4. ---Tony, why are your eyes red? ---I ________ (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes. 5. ---Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been?

---I went to Ningxia and _______ (stay) there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.

6.The twins, who ________ (finish) their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground. 7.Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we ___________ (expect). 8.---How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing? ---Well, the media __________ (cover) it in variety of forms.

9.We won’t start the work until all the preparations ______________ (make).

10.---Hi, let’s go skating. ---Sorry, I ___________ (fill) in an application form for a new job. 11.---What time is it ? ---I have no idea. But just a minute, I _________ (check) it for you.

12.I’m calling about the apartment you _________ (advertise) the other day. Could you tell me more about it?

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13. On Monday mornings it usually ______ (take) me an hours to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.

[来源学14. During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs ______ (increase) sharply.

15. --- Do you think Mom and Dad ______ (be) late? --- No, Swiss Air is usually on time. 16. Hurry up! Mark and Carl ______ (expect) us.

17. He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he _____ (have) it for a very long time.

18.We are confident that the environment __________ ( improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution. 19.If nothing ________ (do)，the oceans will turn into fish deserts. 20. ---I don't understand why you didn't go to the lecture yesterday afternoon. ---I'm so sorry, But I ________ (do) my homework. 21. --- So what is the procedure?

--- All the applicants ______ (interview) before a final decision is made by the authority. 22.I felt very tired when I got home, and I ______ (go) straight to bed.

23.A Midsummer Night's Dream _______ (open) at the Theatre Royal on 19th June, and then tours throughout Scotland.

24. I didn’t think I’d like the movie, but actually it _____ (be) pretty good.

25. --- Oh no! We’re too late. The train _______ (leave). ----That’s OK. We’ll catch the next train to London. 26. Shakespeare’s play Hamlet __________ (make) into at least ten different films over the past years. 27. If we _________ (act) now to protect the environment, we’ll live to regret it. 28. When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him, but I ________ (change) my mind. 29. We ______ (leave) very early so we packed the night before. 30. If nothing ________ (do)，the oceans will turn into fish deserts. 31. ---Have you heard about the recent election?

---Sure, it ________ (be) the only thing on the news for the last three days.

32. ---Could I use your car tomorrow morning? ---Sure. I ______ (write) a report at home 33. I ________ (come) to visit you later that day, but I had to phone and cancel. 34. By the time you have finished this book, your meal _______ (get) cold.

35. Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, ________ (keep) some of its store open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.

36. I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers _______ (swim) before my eyes.

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37. Don’t worry. The hard work that you do now _______ (repay) later life.

38. The letters for the boss _______ (put) on his desk but he didn’t read them until three days later.

40. The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he ________ (meet) some European business partners.

※ 单句填空

1. Try not to awake the sleeping baby if you _______ (go) into the bedroom.

2. We can’t go ahead with the plan because very few people ______ (show) any interest so far. 3. The painting ______ (sell) to someone who later donated it to the college. 4. ---You’d better do more walking in the open air.

---I _______ (do). I had a walk after supper yesterday and I’ll go to the city square tonight. 5. ---Do you know our head teacher’s cellphone number?

---She ________ (give) me hers, but I’m afraid I _______ (lose) it.

6. Please give Jim the schedule for tomorrow’s conference when he ________ (come) back. He is to chair the conference.

7. All the flights _______ (cancel) because of the heavy storm, so we decided to take the train.

8. My grandma noticed that the girl ______ (wear) a short-sleeved dress, so she gave the girl a new sweater. 9. Mr Brown _______ (leave) his apartment an hour ago and he is still on his way to the company.

10. ---Hello, I _______ (phone) to ask if I can book two tickets for tonight’s film. ---Sorry, we’ve already sole out. 11. ---What has happened to Tom?

---He _______ (break) his legs while playing football with his classmates.

12. To our great relief, the exam turned out to be not so difficult as we ________ (imagine).

13. ---Mum, I really think Dad should have a break and get relaxed. ---Yes. He __________ (read) too long. 14. ---You’ve got your flat furnished, haven’t you?

---Yes. I ______ (buy) some used furniture at a local market and it was a real bargain.

15. Although the disease _________ (affect) her eyesight and forced her to leave the stage, she refuses to feel upset. 16. There are lots of problems in your city, but we’re very happy to see many of them _________ (solve). 17. ---May I speak to your manager at four o’clock this afternoon? ---I’m sorry. He _______ (go) to a negotiation long before then. 18. ---Hey, it’s you! I didn’t think you could be here.

---A big surprise, right? I ______ (wait) for you all the afternoon. 19. ---Has he changed his mind?

---Yes. After some hours of discussion, I ______ (manage) to persuade him into accepting the new plan. 20. ---Sir, you must have witnessed the man who stole my car, haven’t you? ---No, Madam, I ______ (read) a newspaper.

21. “I’m more nervous right now than when I _______ (compete),” Jane said, as she saw the group of reporters waiting anxiously at the exit of the gym.

22. ---I’m sorry, I shouldn’t have been so rude to you.

--- You ______ (do) say something not very nice to me, but that’s OK.

23.He could have been a doctor 20 years ago, but he ________ (choose) to be a teacher. 24.---What did you do last Sunday, Peter?

---I _______ (go) to see a friend of mine, but in the end I ______ stayed at home doing nothing. 25. ---Have you received any phone calls from your sister?

---Not yet, but we ______ (try) to get in touch with her ever since she left. 26.Beijing ______ its best air quality in the first six months of last years. 27.---Do you want me to pick you up at the airport tomorrow?

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---No, thanks. My parents _______ (meet) me then.

28. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital, but I ______ (be) fully occupied last week. 29. ---Mr Hu, have you finished correcting the papers?

---Not yet, the papers _______ (correct). You shall get the results from me tomorrow. 30. It is the only time in history that Nobel Prizes _______ (give) to the same person.

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