大学英语A级冲刺

词缀

英语中虽然有着浩瀚如海的词汇，但构词也有其规律可循。单词的词根是核心，是意义的起源；而词缀是辅助词素，使词的意义更为丰富具体。一般说来，前缀在构词中通常只改变词的抽象意义，不改变词的词类；而后缀除了可以改变词的抽象意义，也往往改变词的类别。考生如果对词缀的意义比较熟悉，那么在记忆词汇时可以举一反三，达到事半功倍的效果。下面将AB级考试需要重点把握的词缀归纳如下： 1．前缀

含义 例词

ab- away from脱离 abnormal反常的

anti- opposite, against反，抗 anti-clockwise逆时针方向地， auto- self自动 autobiography自传，automobile汽车 bi- two二，双 bilingual双语，bicycle自行车 bio- life生物的，生命的 biology生物学

co- together与……一起 cooperation合作，co-education男女同校（教育） counter- against, opposite反，对应 counterattack反击，反攻；countermeasure对策 de- away, down, negative向下，否定 decrease减少，degrade使降级 di- two二，双 dialogue对话，dioxide二氧化物 dis- away, negative否定，分开 disagree不一致，disappear消失

en- in, make使…… enrich使……富裕，enlarge扩大，enable使……能 ex- former (and still living)前任 ex-president前总统，ex-girlfriend前女友 out, away外 export出口，external外部的

extra- outside, beyond在……外 extracurricular课外的，extraordinary非常的 fore- before预先的，前 foresee预见，forecast预测 homo- same同样的 homosexual同性恋的 hydro- water水 hydroelectric水电的

hyper- over, above在……上，超过 hypermarket大型自选市场，hypersensitive过敏的 il- not否定 illegal非法的，illiterate文盲的 im- not否定 impossible不可能的，impolite不客气的 ir- not否定 irregular不规则的，irresponsible不负责任的 inter- between, among在……间 international国际的，interpersonal人际关系的 mal- bad, badly恶，不良 malnutrition营养不良，maltreat虐待 micro- small微小的 microwave微波，microscope显微镜 mini- small, little小 miniskirt超短裙， minibus面包型公共汽车 mis- bad, badly错，坏 misunderstand误解，misfortune不幸 mono- one单一 monologue独白，monopoly独占，垄断 out- out超过，外 outnumber数量上胜过，outweigh超过 over- above, too much在上，过度 overtime加班，overwork工作过度 pre- before之前 predict预示，preview预习，prewar战前的 re- again, back再，回 reform改革，革新；refresh提神，使精力恢复

sub- under亚，次于 subway地铁，submarine潜水艇，subconscious下意识的 super- over, above超过 superhuman 超人的，supermarket超级市场 sur- above, over超过 surpass超越，surcharge额外负荷

tele- far away远距离的 telephone电话，television电视，telecommunication电信 thermo- heat热 thermometer温度计

trans- across穿越 transport运输，transplant移植，transmission传播 tri- three三 triangle三角形，tricycle三轮车 un- not否定 unknown未知，unbelievable难以相信的 the reversal of an action相反的动作 undress脱衣，uncover揭开，unearth发掘

under- beneath低于，下 underwear内衣，underpants内裤，underestimate低估

uni- one单一 uniform一致的，unilateral单方的

vice- in place of代理的，副的 vice-president（大学）副校长，vice-chairman副主席

A级冲刺-词缀（2）

2．后缀

-able/-ible capable of, suitable for能够 respectable值得尊敬的，possible可能的

-ee one who (passive)人（动作的承受者）employee雇员，examinee考生，trainee学员

-en make使……成为 strengthen加强，lengthen使变长，broaden加宽

-er one who, that which人 employer雇主，examiner主考人，trainer教练员

-fold times倍数 twofold两倍的，tenfold十倍的

-free without没有 ice-free不冻的，duty-free免关税的 -ful having the quality of具有……性质 respectful恭敬的，successful成功的 -hood state, quality表示身份，状况 manhood男子汉气概，childhood童年 -ish having the quality of (negative) childish孩子气的，girlish女孩似的 具有……性质（贬义）

-ism state, quality, act; doctrine, system capitalism资本主义，communism共产主义

表示行为，社会信仰，学说

-less without没有 careless粗心的，useless无用的 -like having the quality of有……性质的 childlike孩子般的，天真的；warlike好战的

-proof against防……，耐…… waterproof防水的，fire-proof防火的 -some having the quality of有……倾向的 tiresome使人疲劳的，troublesome令人讨厌的

-ware product, goods产品，商品 software软件，glassware玻璃器皿

A级冲刺-重点短语动词

重点短语动词 所谓短语动词，就是动词加小品词构成的起动词作用的短语。其构成主要有三种形式：①动词+副词；②动词+介词；③动词+副词+介词。

短语动词在高校英语应用能力考试中占有重要地位，除了在词汇与结构题型中出现外，听力理解、阅读理解以及翻译等都会涉及到短语动词的知识。对短语动词含义的理解正确与否往往直接影响到对内容的理解。下文将考试中考生需掌握的重点归纳如下，以供参考。 break

break away (from) 脱离；摆脱

break down 崩溃，瓦解；抛锚 break in 插嘴；强行进入

break into 闯入；突然发出，突然开始 break out break through break up call

call for call off call on call out

come

come across come out come to come to oneself come up with get

get along get down get off get on give

give away give in give off give out give up give way go

go after go ahead go by 爆发

突破；作出新的发现

瓦解，破碎；（婚姻等）关系破裂 要求，需要 取消，放弃 拜访；要求 召唤 （偶然）遇见某人 出现；（真相）大白 共计，达到

苏醒，恢复知觉

提出（办法）；赶上 进展；与……和睦相处 使沮丧；认真应付 下（车）；出发

上（车）；与……相处；继续 分配；赠送；泄露 投降，屈服 放出

用尽；分配；发出 放弃；停止

不能支持，断裂；屈服 追求

进步；前进

经过；依照，依据

go down 下降；沉没

go down with 染病；为……所接受或赞许 go on 继续；发生 go out 外出；熄灭

go over 复习，温习；审查

go through 被通过；详细讨论；经历；完成 go up 上涨，上升

go with 与……同行；相配 hand

hand around 传递

hand down 把……留传下去 hand in 上交 hold

hold back 阻挡；控制（情感） hold on 等候；坚持 hold out 维持 look

look after 照顾，照料 look back 回顾

look down upon 轻视，看不起 look forward to 盼望，期待 look into 调查，考察 look on 旁观，观望 look out 留神，提防 look round 环顾；观光 look through 浏览；审查

look up 向上看；情况有好转，起色；（在词典中）查找look up to 尊敬

make

make out 理解，认出；进展

make up 化妆；编造；弥补；组成 pass

pass away 去世，消失

pass off 发生；（病痛、危机等）消失pass out 失去知觉，昏倒 pass over 忽视 put

put aside 搁置一边；储蓄

put away 放弃；收拾 put off 推迟，延期 put on 穿上

put out 伸出；扑灭，关掉；生产 put through 接通（电话） put up 举起；建造 put up with 忍受，容忍 set

set about set aside set back set in set off set out set up take

take after take away take back take in take off take on take over take to take up turn

turn down turn in turn off turn on turn out turn over turn to turn up

开始，着手

留出，拨出；不顾

往（钟表等）回拨；阻止 开始，来临 动身，出发 动身；开始 建立；设立 相像 拿走

收回；使回忆起

吸收；领会，理解；欺骗 脱下，起飞 呈现；承担 接管，接任

喜欢；养成（习惯），染上

开始（从事）；占据（时间，空间）翻下；（音量）关小；拒绝 上缴；归还

关（灯）；使厌倦；解雇 开（灯）；使变得兴奋 结果是；生产

打翻；移交；仔细考虑 着手工作；求助于 露面；（音量）变大 A级冲刺-作文概要(1)之简历

作文概要 简历

【写作策略】

简历是用简洁有力的文字向用人单位提供有关个人的各种基本情况的资料性文件, 并非是单独发文的文件，而是常以附件（enclosure）的形式出现在求职信后。写好简历有利于自己很好地抓住到来的各种就业机会，在激烈的竞争中脱颖而出。

简历的书写多采用无主句，格式较为灵活，没有固定的标准，可以根据自己的特点和个性设计与众不同的样式来吸引雇主的眼球。 一份比较完整的英文简历主要包括以下内容： 1．个人资料(Personal Data)

个人资料包括姓名、性别、出生日期、出生地点、国籍、身高、体重、健康状况、婚姻状况、通讯地址等。

2．教育背景（Educational Background）

教育背景一般从中学开始算起，按照逆序形式，将最近的学历放在最前面，依次写出自己曾就读的学校名称、地点、在校的年限，所学的专业，取得学位的情况等。参加过在职培训或培训班的也可列出。根据这部分的信息，用人单位可以了解到应聘者的智力、思考力、判断力等与业务能力间接相关的情况。 3．工作经历（Working Experience）

该项要求写出曾经工作过的单位名称、工作的性质、职位、取得的业绩、起讫时间等。同样也需要采用逆序形式，先介绍目前或最近所从事的工作。 4．求职意向（Job Objective）

采用具体而扼要的语言阐明自己希望担任的工作或岗位，直接表达自己的目的。

5．个人技能（Personal Skills）

这是应聘者实现自我推销的可观条件，主要介绍自己的语言水平、技术资历以及特殊的才能，展示自身特长。 6．荣誉成绩（Honors and Achievements）

这也是简历很重要的组成部分，因为曾经取得过的业绩或者成果表明了应聘者的真正才能并得到了社会的承认。这部分内容最好附上相关的证明材料，会更有说服力。

7．兴趣爱好（Interests and Hobbies）

可选择两三项自己的兴趣爱好，从中用人单位可以了解你的个性以及生活情况。

8．证明人（References）

这里的证明人是指对你求职资格、工作能力和个人情况做出担保的人。一般可以选择在校期间或以前工作单位中比较熟悉且又知名的人士。一般不选择父母或亲戚。如果有的话，这一栏要详细说明证明人的姓名、职务、工作单位及联系方式。

当然，这些项目无须面面俱到，应依据个人经历和应聘岗位的特点有所取舍，突出重点。

【真题回眸】

2002年12月 B级

姓名：李爱华 男 1980年5月16日出生 未婚 家住北京市复兴路61号。2001年以优异成绩毕业于华光技术学院计算机系。大学3年期间一直学习英语，有很好的阅读能力，具有用英语交流的能力。喜欢游泳和上网。欲求计算机程序员工作。 Resume

Name: _________________ Address: _______________ Date of birth: ____________ Sex: male

Marital Status: single

Job objective: Seek a job as _______________________ Education: (I) Graduated __________________________ Foreign languages: (I) Studied English _______________ Hobbies: _______________________________________

Words for reference:

上网go online / surf the Internet

参考范文 Resume

Name: Li Aihua

Address: No. 61 Fuxing Road, Beijing Date of birth: May 16th, 1980 Sex: male

Marital Status: single

Job objective: Seek a job as a computer programmer

Education: (I) Graduated from the Computer Department of Huaguang Technical College in 2001 with excellent scores

Foreign languages: (I) Studied English during the 3 years at college. Good ability of reading and communicating in English

Hobbies: swimming and surfing the Internet

【举一反三】 Resume

31 Caoxi Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215000 Tel: (0512)66182698

_______________________________________________________________________________ Personal Data

Name: Wu Xuefang Gender: Female

Health: Excellent Marital Status: Single E-mail: anthony0368@yahoo.com.cn

Job Objective

To gain challenging work experience in the tourism industry where I can be a part of the success of a dynamic and innovative organisation.

Educational Background

September 2004 – July 2007 Tourism management, Ocean University of China September 2001 – July 2004 Wuyou Senior Middle School

Working Experience

Stationed at the Customer Service Desk, act as the source of information to answer all customer queries.

Conducted hour-long guided tours to groups of more than 40 tourists. Personal Skills

Extensive word processing skills with Word Perfect and MS Word Acquired a very good knowledge and perfect command of English Exceptional interpersonal skills

Successfully operate in a stressful, fast-paced, deadline-oriented environment

Honors and Achievements

Named Top Student in School of Management in 2007

Voted favourite tourist guide in BTG International Travel & Tours two summers in a row

Interests and Hobbies

astronomy, geography and hiking

References

References available upon request. (续)

A级冲刺-作文概要(2)

【备用词库】 个人资料

province省 city市 county县 autonomous region自治区 district区 street街 road路 lane胡同，巷 single未婚 married已婚 separated分居 divorced离异 excellent（身体）极佳

教育背景

major主修 minor辅修 extracurricular activities课外活动 social practice社会实践physical activities体育活动 scholarship奖学金

bachelor学士 master硕士doctor博士 degree学位 commoner自费生 intern实习生 boarder寄宿生 day student走读生 guest student / auditor旁听生

工作经历

accelerate加快 accomplish完成 adapt适应 administer管理 analyze分析 assist辅助 conduct处理 control控制 coordinate协调

create创造 decrease减少 demonstrate证明 design设计 develop开发direct指导 double加倍 enlarge扩大 enrich丰富

exploit开发 expedite加快 establish建立 evaluate评估 execute实行 generate产生guide指导 implement履行 initiate创始 innovate改革

integrate使结合 maintain保持manage管理 motivate激发overcome克服 participate参与perform执行 refine精炼reinforce增强 schedule安排supervise监督 systematize使系统化target目标 工作职位

administrative assistant行政助理 secretary秘书customer service representative客户服务代表 general office clerk办公室文员

office assistant办公室助理 human resources manager人力资源经理HR director人力主管 sales representative销售代表

district sales manager地区销售经理 regional sales manager区域销售经理accounting assistant会计助理 accounting supervisor会计主管cashier出纳员 actuary精算师auditor审计员 certified public accountant注册会计师stockbroker股票经纪人 legal adviser法律顾问

interpreter翻译 tourist guide导游architect建筑师 pharmacist药剂师mechanic技工 electrician电工carpenter木工 painter油漆工

mason水泥工 turner车工plumber管道工 porter搬运工welder焊工 chef / cook厨师QC inspector品管员 librarian图书管理员

model模特 director导演actor / actress演员 dentist牙医physician内科医生 surgeon外科医生

psychiatrist精神科医生 accoucheur / accoucheuse助产士 pharmaceutist / pharmacist药剂师 plastic surgeon整形医师

veterinarian兽医 nurse护士 air hostess空姐 alcohol mixer调酒师 columnist专栏作家 lawyer律师 host节目主持人

reporter / journalist/correspondent记者special contributor特约撰稿人 editor编辑 athlete运动员 referee裁判员 coach教练

programmer程序设计员 electrical engineer电气工程师 R&D engineer研发工程师 maintenance engineer维修工程师

systems engineer系统工程师

个人技能

proficiency熟练 command掌握 literacy懂得 knowledge知识 certificate证书 excellent优秀 familiar熟悉 fluent流利

competent胜任的 experienced有经验的 possess拥有，具备 professional内行，专业 license执照 adept内行的，熟练的 mastery掌握，精通 expertise专门技能

荣誉成绩

scholarship奖学金 award颁奖，奖品 honor荣誉 excellent graduate优秀毕业生 excellent student leader优秀学生干部

excellent League member优秀团员 excellent Party member优秀党员 champion冠军 runner-up亚军 the third place / the 3rd place季军

winner优胜者 gold medalist金牌获得者silver medalist银牌获得者 bronze medalist铜牌获得者

second-class scholarship二等奖学金 monomial scholarship单项奖学金 first prize award一等奖

straight A student / excellent student (outstanding student in moral, health and academic aspects)三好学生

兴趣爱好

stamp-collecting集邮 antique-collecting收集古董playing cards打扑克 playing bridge打桥牌 playing chess下棋 playing games做游戏

listening to the music听音乐 watching movies看电影opera歌剧 drama戏剧 Peking opera京剧 playing the piano弹钢琴

playing the violin弹小提琴 mouth organ口琴guitar吉他 drum鼓flute长笛 dancing舞蹈 fishing/angling钓鱼 kite flying放风筝

club俱乐部 jogging慢跑hiking徒步旅行 photography摄影painting绘画 dressmaking裁剪 knitting编织 pottery making制陶

mah-jong麻将 international chess国际象棋 go-chess围棋 barbeque烧烤 literature文学 poem诗歌 fiction小说 fairy tale童话

English corner英语角 spring outing春游 autumn outing秋游 voluntary labor义务劳动 picnic野餐 fancy ball化装舞会

oratorical contest演讲比赛 recitation contest朗诵比赛

A级冲刺-作文概要(3)之求职信

求职信

【写作策略】

求职信作为与雇主交流沟通的桥梁，关系着应聘者的前途和命运，属于一种重要的信函类型，因此出题的可能性较大。求职信可视为推销自己的广告，其主要目的是在面试之前使招聘人员对你留下初步的印象，向对方证明自己有能力胜任所申请的岗位。

不同于简历的面面俱到，求职信只能点到即止，对自己的介绍必须有重点地展开，把自己与所谋求的职位联系起来。同时适当表达自己对所应聘单位的了解和兴趣、申请原因、自身资质等，如有离职原因也可作恰当说明。通过求职信，招聘人员可以了解求职者的基本情况、语言修辞和文字表达能力，因而关系着你能否获得面试的机会，进而能否获得这份工作。

在格式方面， 可简单概括为：第一段先明确你的求职意向（为何申请这份工作，对职位的了解以及对公司的信心）；第二段突出你的资质（个人简介，具备的技能，工作经历，自身的特点等）；第三段请求面试机会（强调争取得到职位的信心，对读信人的感谢，可以参加面视的时间和联系方式等）。

求职信切忌哗众取宠，言而不实，也无需堆砌辞藻，一味奉承。写作时应做到简洁明了，用词准确，重点突出，有礼有节。

【真题回顾】 2004年6月 B级

请以王曼丽的名义写一封求职信。

王曼丽，24岁，毕业于龙江技术学院，主修企业管理，各门课程都优良。学过速记与打字，速度各为每分钟90字和70字。请为她拟出一份给ABC公司的自荐信，希望能在该公司谋得总经理秘书一职。请注意书信的格式。写信的日期为2004年6月25日。 Words for reference:

技术学院Technical College 企业管理Business Administration 速记与打字shorthand and typing

参考范文 June 25, 2004 Dear Sirs,

I am writing to apply for the position of a secretary of general manager, which was posted on today’s China Daily.

My name is Wang Manli, female, 24 years old. I majored in Business Administration and graduated from Longjiang Technical College. During my

education, I have got an excellent achievement in all my lessons. In addition, I have learned shorthand (90 words per minute) and typing (70 words per minute). I would appreciate it if you could offer me an opportunity for a personal interview.

Sincerely yours, Wang Manli

A级冲刺-作文概要(4)

【举一反三】 November 21, 2007 Dear Ms. Winnie,

This letter is in response to the assistant position advertised in the December 15th issue of Shanghai Daily. I am confident that my qualifications for this position merit your consideration.

Five years of executive experience at Nike Suzhou Sports Co., Ltd. have equipped me with excellent interpersonal skills, superior negotiation ability and strong sense of responsibility.

Although the enclosed resume outlines my education and experience, I would appreciate the opportunity for an interview with you to further discuss my background in details at your convenience. Thank you for your consideration. Sincerely, Thomas Enclosure

【备用词库】

ambitious雄心壮志的 active主动活跃的 adaptable适应能力强的 aggressive有进取心的 boring枯燥乏味的 capable有能力的

careful办事细心的 cautious谨慎的competent能胜任的 confident有信心的conscientious尽责的 conservative保守的

considerate体贴的 cooperative乐于合作的creative富于创造力的cynical愤世嫉俗的 dedicated乐于奉献的 devoted勇于献身的

dependable可靠的 diplomatic干练的disciplined守纪的dynamic/ vigorous/energetic精力充沛的earnest认真的 easy-going易于相处

efficient有效率的 eloquent能言善辩的expressive善于表达的 faithful守信的 frank直率的 friendly友好的 frugal节俭的

generous慷慨的gentle礼貌的 hard-working勤劳的 honest/upright诚实的hospitable好客的humble/modest谦逊的 humorous幽默的

imaginative富有想象力的 independent有主见的industrious/diligent勤勉的 ingenious独创的innovative创新的

intelligent/smart/clever/bright/wise聪明的 knowledgeable见多识广的 learned有学问的logical逻辑性强的 loyal忠诚的obedient顺从的 objective客观的

open-minded虚心的 optimistic乐观的painstaking刻苦的 passionate热情的patient耐心的 punctual守时的

qualified称职的 rational理性的reasonable讲道理的 reliable可信赖的responsible有责任心的 self-conscious自觉的selfless无私的

sensitive敏感的sincere真诚的 skilled熟练的smart精明的 sociable善于交际的straightforward坦率的 stubborn固执的

systematic条理分明的 strong-willed意志坚强的talkative健谈的 tolerant宽容的tough坚韧的 untidy不修边幅的versatile多才多艺的 apply申请（v.）application申请（n.） advertisement广告recruit招聘 position职位vacancy / opening空缺 attention关注，关心

contribute贡献（v.） contribution贡献（n.）enclose附上，封入 mastery掌握command掌握 qualification资历capability能力

character性格welfare福利 interview面试particular细节 relevant相关的be skilled in熟练掌握 be qualified for称职，合格

meet your requirements达到您的要求 make contributions to为……做出贡献

【实用句型】 开头

◆ I am writing to you to express my interest in your recently advertised position for a …

◆ I am writing this letter to recommend myself as a qualified candidate for the job of … you have advertised in …

◆ I am writing in answer / response to your advertisement in …

◆ My friend … has kindly informed me that you are looking out for a … and has suggested that I should apply to you for the post.

◆ I have learned from … (sb. ) of your opening / vacancy for …, and am therefore writing to apply for the position.

◆ I wish to enquire about any vacancy you may have in your Finance Department. ◆ I am quite interested in exploring the possibility of obtaining a position as a … with your company.

◆ With reference to your advertisement in …, I should like to apply for the position of … 中间

◆ Five years’ experience as … tops the list of credentials I believe will qualify me for the position you advertised.

◆ The main reason for wishing to change my present employment is to widen my experience and am anxious to work for a company of outstanding international reputation such as yours.

◆ I am especially keen to work in an organization such as yours which has a reputation for …

◆ I welcome increasing responsibilities in a quick-paced setting.

◆ I am sure that my honesty, expertise and commitment will produce an excellent job performance.

◆ I feel that my qualifications, skills and experience are ideally suited for the position you are advertising.

◆ The job described in your ad in … sounds tailor-made to my skills and experience.

◆ My solid academic performance, work ethic and strong interest in this field will, I hope, convince you that I have the basic ingredients to make a valuable addition to …

◆ My B. A. degree in international business and my internship experience have taught me how to be a team player and enable me to communicate effectively with people from diverse backgrounds.

◆ Enclosed is my resume, which will detail my previous work experience and qualifications. 结尾

◆ Any favorable consideration of my application will be highly appreciated.

◆ If you are interested in a results-oriented and dedicated professional with strong credentials, please call me at … (telephone number).

◆ I would appreciate it if you could grant me an opportunity for a personal interview so that I could explain in more details in person the relevance of my background and training.

◆ I am able to attend an interview at your convenience and thank you for considering my application.

◆ Please feel free to contact me at … (telephone number) during the day or at … (telephone number) in the evening.

A级冲刺-作文概要(5)之道歉信

道歉信

【写作策略】

日常生活或者交际活动中，因给对方带来不快或者损失，我们常常需要通过道歉信来向对方表达歉意，化解对方的不满情绪。

道歉信一般首先阐明写信目的，向对方表示歉意和内疚之情，然后解释问题产生的原因，并告知对方弥补的措施或者解决问题的途径，最后再次道歉，请求原谅和宽容。语言要诚挚，解释的理由要真实可信，才能让收信人理解，从而得到对方的谅解。 【举一反三】 Dear Mr. Simon,

Please accept my deepest apology for my improper behavior last night that might hurt your feelings. The past few hours I’ve done a lot of hard thinking about what happened. I want to let you know that everything that I’m about to say is coming from the bottom of my heart.

The main reason I decided to write to you this letter is because our friendship is too valuable to lose over a silly argument. I am indeed terribly sorry for what I said, but believe I had no intention to insult you. I hope this letter will give us both a chance to understand one another better.

I hope you can accept my apologies. Please allow me to say sorry again. Thank you for your understanding and patience.

Yours sincerely, Anthony 【备用词库】

apologize 道歉 regret抱歉，遗憾forgive 原谅 pardon原谅，宽恕 blame 责备 offend冒犯ignore忽视 neglect疏忽，忽视

overlook 忽略 remove 消除behaviour 行为 fault过失，差错mistake错误 excuse借口，原谅failure 失败 inconvenience 不便

carelessness 粗心 rudeness 失礼oversight 失察，疏忽trouble麻烦remedy 补救 concerned 挂念的，关心的guilty 内疚的

thoughtless 欠考虑的inconsiderate 不顾他人的，轻率的 unintentional 无心的，无意的misunderstanding 误会 make up for 弥补

make an apology to sb. 向某人道歉 apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉be ashamed of 感到羞耻的 s

houlder/bear/take the responsibility 承担责任 【实用句型】 开头

◆ Thank you for your letter of February 19 telling me about your unpleasant experience with our customer representative.

◆ I’m writing to express my sincere apology for being unable to pay you this month’s rent.

◆ I really apologize for my absence on Last Thursday’s meeting.

◆ I regret to inform you of my inability to be present at your wedding ceremony.

◆ I would like to apologize for the rude treatment you experienced from one of our staff yesterday morning.

◆ Please accept my deepest apology for having lost your keys. 中间

◆ I realize the inconvenience that our oversight must be causing you and will do everything possible to avoid any further delay.

◆ Much to my regret I was unable to keep my promise to attend your Christmas party last night.

◆ I want to let you know how embarrassed and sorry I am for my behaviour the other day.

◆ I do beg your pardon for the mess I’ve made.

◆ I am indeed terribly sorry for what I did last Sunday, but believe I had no intention to insult you.

◆ I’m very sorry about this oversight and I am grateful to you for pointing the error out to me. 结尾

◆ We are very sorry for any inconvenience we caused you.

◆ We apologize for our failure and will try not to let this happen again. ◆ I want you to know how badly we feel about it and to assure you that it will not happen again.

◆ I wish I could be given a chance to make up for my inconsiderateness. ◆ I trust the settlement of the matter will meet your wishes.

◆ I hope you can accept my apologies. Please allow me to say sorry again. ◆ Thank you for your understanding and patience

A级冲刺-作文概要(6)之感谢信

感谢信

【写作策略】

感谢信用于对他人的馈赠、款待、帮助、慰问、推荐以及祝贺等表达谢意，尤其在西方使用的频率很高。由于感谢信是一种充满人情味的书信形式，写作时需要注意书信的措辞和语气，要让对方体会到真挚的感谢。不恰当的奉承和夸大的赞美反而会产生虚浮不可信的印象，结果往往适得其反。

在信的开头就可以开门见山地亮出写信的目的，直截了当说声 thank you。 使用Thank you very much for ….或I am writing to express my sincere appreciation for …之类的句子是最有效率的开头。

接下来详述感谢的缘由，可以回忆当时接受对方帮助或馈赠礼物时的情况，并表达愉悦的感受。感谢信的关键是让人感到言辞恳切，并非矫揉造作。因此如果你要感谢你的客户，你必须说清他的帮助为什么对你来说是如此重要。 在信的结尾部分需要首尾呼应，再次表示感谢，同时也可以提出自己将做出回报的一些想法。这既可以使收信人觉得你们之间的关系受到了重视，促进双方的关系发展，又能够体现你的细心周到等良好的文化修养。 【举一反三】 Dear Ms. Anne,

I am writing this letter to express my thanks for your warm hospitality and extra efforts you gave during my recent stay.

I especially appreciate the information and advice you have provided, and the contacts you have shared with me. Your assistance has been invaluable to me during my visit.

Again, thank you so much. I greatly appreciate your generosity. Don’t forget the standing invitation to drop in on me next time when you are in Changshu.

Best Regards,

Hobert

【备用词库】

Appreciate 感激 grateful 感激的，感谢的Generosity 慷慨 hospitality好客，盛情moved 感动的 kindness 好意，善意gratitude 感激，谢意 assistance 帮助reciprocate 酬答，报答 heartfelt衷心的

warm-hearted 热心的 considerate 考虑周到的thoughtful 想得周到的 impression印象relationship 关系 acknowledgement 感谢convey 表达 render 给予embalm 铭记于心 obliged 感激的compliment 致

意 timely 及时的support 支持understanding 理解unselfish 无私的 encouragement 鼓励beyond words 难以言表 much obliged to sb. 非常感谢某人extend one’s thanks 表达谢意 do sb. a favor 帮某人忙help sb. out 帮助某人解决难题 be / feel indebted to 对……感激的convey / express one’s heartfelt thanks 表达衷心的感谢 【实用句型】 开头

◆ I am writing this letter to thank you for your warm hospitality to me during my recent stay.

◆ I am now writing to express my sincere gratitude for your assistance. ◆ Please accept my thanks for the pleasant time I spent on Friday evening at your home.

◆ Thank you very much for the beautiful salad bowl set you sent us as a wedding present.

◆ We are sincerely grateful for all your help in finding an apartment for us.

◆ I take this opportunity to express to you my deep appreciation for the kind assistance you rendered me. 中间

◆ Words fail to convey my gratitude to your timely help.

◆ My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond words.

◆ We are looking forward to getting lots of use out of your thoughtful and practical wedding gift.

◆ I appreciate your spending so much time with me on this project. ◆ Nothing could erase our fond memories, we will nurture them forever. ◆ If it had not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid, I fear that the consequences might have been much more serious.

◆ I feel deeply indebted to you and I really don’t know how to thank you enough for your close cooperation.

◆ I sincerely appreciate your personal help to make this trip so successful.

◆ Your expression of love and concern was very much appreciated during our time of grief.

◆ My sincere thanks go to all of you for making such a great effort to continue serving our customers during the accident. 结尾

◆ I hope to have an opportunity to reciprocate your generosity.

◆ I’d appreciate it if you’d convey to them our family’s deep appreciation and thanks for what they did.

◆ Thanks again for cheering me up in my gloomy days.

◆ You deserve much more than this letter for all that you’ve done for me.

◆ I really do not know what I would have been without you and thank you again for the great favor you did for me.

A级冲刺-作文概要（7）之推荐信

推荐信

【写作策略】 在求学或应聘时，师长专家、原工作单位的领导或者资历较深的同事书写的推荐信能够让第三方对被推荐者有更为全面的认识，从而来考虑是否符合录取的要求和标准，其作用是不言而喻的。推荐信的特点是要突出被推荐者的优点，充分肯定成绩，但也要实事求是，不能夸夸其谈。 信的内容主要包含以下几个部分： ①介绍与被推荐者之间的关系以及熟悉程度 ②概述被推荐者的业务能力、个人品质和工作态度，可以通过描述其工作学习期间的一些细节来增强说服力和可信度

③对被推荐者做出综合评价，明确表明自己的态度 【举一反三】 留学推荐信

To whom it may concern,

As the dean of the department of management science and

engineering, I have had the pleasure of knowing Mr. Tang Yanchun for the last three years. He has been a tremendous student and an asset to our college. I would like to take this opportunity to recommend Mr. Tang for your undergraduate program.

Mr. Tang has routinely ranked in the top 10% of his class, and is consistently one of the top students in each of his individual courses. He is highly intelligent and has good analytical skills. I have seen many examples of his talent and have long been impressed by his diligence and work ethic. I feel confident that he will continue to succeed in his studies.

Overall, Mr. Tang is unquestionably an exceptional candidate for undergraduate studies. An education at your esteemed business school will help him hone these qualities while enhancing his career opportunities. It is for these reasons that I offer high recommendations for him without reservation. If you need further information with regard to his background or qualifications, please do not hesitate to contact me. Sincerely yours,

Dong Jianqiao

Dean 求职推荐信

Dear Mr. Lawrence,

This letter is to serve as my formal recommendation for Andrew. During the time he was with us, Mr. Andrew has proven to be an innovative and trustworthy individual and I’m sure he would be an excellent candidate for your company.

Andrew is a resourceful, creative and solution-oriented person who was frequently able to come up with new and innovative approaches to his assignment. His outstanding vision and leadership have made Shanghai Office the most productive branch. In spite of these formidable gifts, his unwavering devotion to community affairs exemplifies strong moral fiber and character.

To conclude, it is with sincere conviction that I would like to restate my strong recommendation for Andrew. If you would like further elaboration, please feel free to call me at (021)56261908.

Yours sincerely,

Tony Blair

【备用词库】

active 活跃的 adaptable 适应性强aggressive 有进取心的 analytical 擅长分析attentive 周到的 broad-minded 心胸开阔的

conscientious 认真尽责consistent 坚持不懈的dependable 可信赖的 determined 意志坚定的diplomat有策略的

disciplined 严谨有序的 efficient 效率高的 energetic 精力充沛的enterprising 别出心裁的 enthusiastic 热情的

extroverted 性格外向的 independent 有主见的logical 富于逻辑性 loyal 忠诚的mature 成熟的 objective 客观的 optimistic 乐观的 reliable 可靠的resourceful 机智

的 systematic 有条理的reference 介绍人，推荐人 talented 有天赋的

sense of humor 幽默感 referee 被介绍人，被推荐人work ethic 职业道德 be impressed with 留下深刻印象an eager learner

勤于学习 excel in / at 在……擅长a great asset to 是……的宝贵财富 meet your expectation 符合您的期望at the request of 应……的要求 as evidenced by 由……表明with great potential 极富潜质 outstanding performance 出色的表现without reservation 毫无保留 【实用句型】 开头

◆ I’m writing to you to recommend one of my best friends, Gao Yifu, for the advertised post.

◆ With reference to your requirements, I shall, without reservation, recommend Mr. Zhu Jia as the right person for your consideration. ◆ I take pleasure in recommending to you Pan Cunbing, one of my students, who hopes to enter your university for postgraduate studies. ◆ As an associate professor of psychology at East China Normal University who has known Celia very well, I can highly recommend this remarkable young girl for a scholarship to your university.

◆ It’s my honour to recommend Tony who is presently applying a position with your company.

◆ This letter is to introduce Ms. Zhou Mei, who would be an asset to any enterprise she undertakes. 中间

◆ I found him to be broad-minded, energetic and ready to take on new responsibilities.

◆ With near-native fluency of English and rich experience in teaching overseas students, Professor Dave would be highly eligible to fill any Chinese language teaching position in an English-speaking country. ◆ I have been impressed with his creative talents and superb leadership qualities.

◆ As her supervisor, I have witnessed her development both academically and personally into a mature and capable individual in four years. ◆ Her keen sense of organization and unlimited energy inevitably led to success in each endeavor.

◆ She is unquestionably an exceptional candidate for graduate study and I’m confident that her scholarship and personality measure up to your university’s standards. ◆ As one of our finest, most well-rounded employees, Mr. Chen Shu excells most of his fellow workers in the firm. 结尾

◆ Therefore I do not hesitate to recommend him as a competent candidate for the post you advertised.

◆ Any favorable consideration to this letter would be considered a personal favor.

◆ I would be delighted to hear of your favorable admission of her.

◆ If you need further information with regard to his background or qualifications, please do not hesitate to contact me.

◆ I am sure that he will prove all these qualities to you if you could offer him a chance to bring them into play.

A级冲刺-作文概要（8）之邀请信

邀请信

【写作策略】

在现代社会交往中，人与人之间感情的维系正是通过日常的聚会或聚餐活动。邀请信就是用于邀请他人参加某项活动并且告知相关事宜的一种常见的信函类型。具体来说，既包括邀请他人参加宴会、婚礼、舞会等家人朋友间的聚会这一类非正式场合，又包括邀请参加国际会议、开业庆典、访问考察、仪式等比较正式的社交场合。在使用时，根据活动的性质不同，措辞、口吻有所差别，但语气都应该尽量婉转、态度诚恳，让对方读后产生亲切的感觉。 一般来说，邀请信的首段会表明邀请者的具体情况、与收信人的相关性以及发出邀请的原因，然后具体交待活动的内容及日程安排，并在结尾的时候诚恳地要求对方接受邀请。如果有必要的话，还可以要求对方回复。

当收到邀请信后，出于礼貌，都应该复信明确表达是否接受邀请，以便对方及时做出安排。一般来说，回函如果表示接受，应该表达对邀请者的感谢和受到邀请后的喜悦之情；如果确实不能接受，也应该委婉的谢绝，言辞真诚，尽可能减少对邀请者情绪的伤害。具体来说，首先应对对方的邀请表示衷心的感谢，然后说明自己不能赴约的原因，并表达自己因失去这样的机会而感到失望、遗憾，最后表达自己的歉意及对活动的良好祝愿。 【真题回眸】

2005年12月 A级

写信日期：2005年12月13日

邀请人：张建国，东方集团公司人力资源部经理 被邀请人：人事部门经理 事由：召开人事管理研讨会

主要内容：研讨新形势下人事管理的新模式和新方法 主题报告人：滨海大学管理学院丁一教授 会议时间：2006年1月3－4日 会议地点：滨海市友谊宾馆

请与会人员在12月20日前将发言提纲寄给东方集团公司人力资源部办公室。参加会议与否，请回复。 注意书信格式。

Words for reference:

人力资源部 Human Resources Department 研讨会 workshop 主题报告人 keynote speaker

参考范文

December 13, 2005 Dear Sir or Madam,

I would like to inform you that there will be a workshop about human resource management from Jan. 3rd to 4th, 2006 at Binhai Friendship Hotel at which some new modes and methods of human resource management are to be discussed concerning the current situation. The keynote speaker will be Professor Ding Yi from the Management College of Binhai University.

We would like to invite you to come to the workshop and could you please send your speech outline to Human Resources Department of Dongfang Group Co., Ltd. before Dec.20. Thank you.

Sincerely yours, Zhang Jianguo Manager of HR Department, Dongfang Group Co., Ltd. 【举一反三】 Dear Prof. Dave,

We are greatly honored to invite you to attend the 5th International

Conference on ELT in China to be held from May21-26 at the Beijing International Convention Center, Beijing, China.

The central theme for this conference is Sharing Challenges and Solutions: Teaching Languages in Diverse Contexts. We should be very grateful if you could deliver a speech on this occasion. Because of your distinguished and remarkable achievements in this field, your views will be greatly helpful to us.

In appreciation of your agreement to provide an invited speech, we would provide the cost of an economy class airfare from your home institution to the

conference, hotel accommodations during the conference, and free registration to the conference.

I’m quite sure that your experience and comments will add an important dimension to what is potentially a very important discussion for the field. Information on the venue, agenda and procedures of the meeting, as well as particulars concerning material arrangements are given below.

I do hope you can make time in your busy schedule to attend the conference and share your ideas on this topic!

Yours faithfully, Juan Somavia Director-General

【备用词库】

arrange 安排 free 有空的convenient 方便的 call on sb. 拜访某人delighted 高兴的cordially 真挚的presence 出席 banquet 宴会honor / pleasure 荣幸welcome 欢迎agenda 会议议程schedule 日程表subject 会议主题informal 非正式的formal 正式的 party 聚会，派对ball 舞会 seminar 研讨会picnic 野餐 invite 邀请（v.）get-together 聚会 entertain 款待invitation 邀请（n.）participation 参与invite sb. over 请某人到家中做客 in honor of 为了表示对……的崇敬on behalf of 代表 extend one’s invitation 发出邀请

【实用句型】 开头

◆ I am writing to invite you to join me at … ◆ I would like to request your presence at …

◆ We should like to invite your corporation to attend … ◆ We are pleased to invite you to participate in …

◆ … would like to extend to you an invitation to be our guest speaker at … ◆ I am delighted to invite you to attend …

◆ I would like to invite you to visit … for a period of … (days, weeks or months), beginning on or about … (mm/dd /yy of appointment start). ◆ It is a great honor for me to invite you to … 中间

◆ We’ve decided to have a party in honor of the occasion.

◆ We do hope that you will take advantage of this unique opportunity to add to your educational credentials by becoming active in …

◆ It gives me great pleasure to ask if you would be willing to appear on the panel named …

◆ The honor of your presence is hereby requested.

◆ Please consider this an official letter of invitation to … to be held at … ◆ It would give us great pleasure to have your presence at a reception in honor of … 结尾

◆ Your kind consideration to this request will be greatly appreciated.

◆ My family and I would feel honored if you could come and dine with us next Monday.

◆ We would be looking forward to your participation in the party. ◆ We really hope you could make it and are expecting to see you then. ◆ Please let us know if you could come.

◆ Please contact Mr. … should you have any further inquiries and we look forward to your visit.

◆ If you need more info about it, just feel free to tell me.

A级冲刺-作文概要（9）之投诉信

【写作策略】

在日常生活中，因衣食住行、购买商品而产生的质量问题或者对所接受的服务不满意，我们常常需要写信向对方投诉或提出索赔。具体来说，主要涉及产品质量缺陷、货物缺漏及货款延误、服务或修理不及时到位等三个方面。 书写投诉信时，首先应解释清楚要投诉的问题，注意要叙述客观，条理清晰，事实确凿，不应夸大歪曲，更不能开口谩骂。然后可以提出自己的合理要求或者解决的途径，向对方表达希望早日得到答复的愿望。 【真题回眸】

2001年12月 A级

假设你叫王兰，上个月去广州出差时，在一家商店买了一架照相机，并在广州拍了一些照片。回家后将胶卷冲洗出来，却发现什么也没照上，因此非常恼火。今天（12月23日）给该店写信投诉，并寄回相机，坚决要求退款。 Words for reference:

出差be on business 冲洗develop 退款refund

参考范文

Dear Sir or Madam,

I am writing this letter to complain about a camera, which I bought in your shop last month when I was in Guangzhou on business. I took some pictures there with it. But when I got home and had the film developed, I found no pictures printed at all. I am very upset about it. I have already sent the camera back to you by post and strongly insist that you refund me as soon as possible.

Yours faithfully, Wang Lan 【举一反三】 December 2

Dear Sir / Madam,

On 26th November, I bought a mobile hard disk at your department store. Unfortunately the disk does not work properly as described. I complained about these to you immediately afterwards and have heard nothing from you since. I wish to claim a free repair / replacement from you. Enclosed are copies of receipt and warranty certificate.

I look forward to your early reply and resolution to my problem, and I will wait until December 8 before seeking help from a consumer protection agency. Please contact me at the above address or by telephone at 52511568.

We trust that you will consider this matter seriously and thanks for your attention.

Yours sincerely, Wind Encl: Copy of my receipt and the one-year total warranty certificate 【备用词库】

complaint抱怨（n. ）complain抱怨（v.）dissatisfaction不满 unsatisfactory不满意的discomfort不适disappointed失望的unpleasant使人不愉快的mess混乱overcharge索价过高 underdone未煮透的，烧得过嫩的overdone煮得过度的，烧得太久的 burnt烧焦的，烤糊的unsanitary不卫生的，有碍健康的 tasteless无味道的bland淡而无味的salty咸的spicy / hot辛辣的 bitter苦的sour酸的 tangy味道浓烈的inconvenient不方便的 annoying烦人的impatient不耐烦的 dirty肮脏的awful糟糕的rude粗鲁的upset使人心烦noisy嘈杂的，喧闹的disgusting讨厌的 defective有缺陷的rusty生锈的 intolerable无法容忍的inconceivable不可思议的 shock令人吃惊disturbance干扰，骚扰 damage损坏，损害block阻挡，堵塞 be fed up with / be tired of / be sick of厌烦bad manners没有礼貌 draw one’s attention引起某人的注意drive sb. mad / nuts / crazy把某人逼疯 sanitary

situation卫生条件break down出故障 the last straw最终使人无法承受的事poor service差劲的服务 out of one’s expectation令人大失所望to one’s disappointment令人失望的是 unfairly treated受到不公平对待be not satisfied / dissatisfied with sth. 对某事不满complain about sth. / place a complaint against就某事投诉

【实用句型】 开头

◆ I am writing this letter to complain about …

◆ I am writing to express my dissatisfaction / disappointment / concern about … ◆ I regret to inform you that I was not at all satisfied with your service.

◆ I wish to complain strongly about the inconvenience caused to me last week by your company’s inadequate performance.

◆ I am sorry that I have to write this letter of complaint because … ◆ I wish to draw your attention to …

◆ This letter is to notify you that the poor living condition in my apartment should be brought to your attention. 中间

◆ The efficiency of your working staff leaves much to be desired. ◆ The reservation service in the restaurant has proved most unreliable.

◆ I am totally disappointed to find that some of the waitors in your pub bahave so rudely.

◆ This is more than I could bear / tolerate.

◆ I was shocked at the unpleasant situation in my flat. 结尾

◆ I understand you would give immediate attention to this matter.

◆ We trust that you will consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind.

◆ I hope that the authorities concerned will consider my suggestions and improve the situation as best as they can.

◆ We shall be glad to have your explanation and to know what steps you are going to take in the way of compensating for the damage / loss.

◆ I am offering you the opportunity to carry out the necessary work to rectify the defect.

◆ I would appreciate it very much if you would … ◆ I would be grateful if you could …

◆ Please give this matter your urgent consideration. ◆ We are looking forward to your good news.

◆ Please acknowledge receipt of this letter and settle the claim as soon as possible. ◆ Your prompt attention to this matter will be appreciated.

◆ We should be obliged if you would look into the matter and let us know what you propose to do.

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