英语四级预测试卷及解析2

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Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to the editor of a column discussing how to help laid-off workers. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 很多下岗工人很难找到新的工作; 2. 如何帮助他们; 3. 你的认识。

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, mark

Y(for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N(for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG(for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.

For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Work

Whether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causes of unhappiness may perhaps be regarded as a doubtful question. There is certainly much work which is exceedingly annoying, and an excess of work is always very painful. I think, however, that, provided work is not excessive in amount, even the dullest work is to most people less painful than idleness. There are in work all grades, from mere relief of boring to the profoundest delights, according to the nature of the work and the abilities of the worker. Most of the work that most people have to do is not in itself interesting, but even such work has certain great advantages. To begin with, it fills a good many hours of the day without the need of deciding what one shall do. Most people, when they are left free to fill their own time according to their own choice, are at a loss to think of anything sufficiently pleasant to be worth doing. And whatever they decide on, they are troubled by the feeling that something else would have been pleasanter. To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization, and at present very few people have reached this level. Most of the idle rich suffer unspeakable boredom as the price of their freedom from drudgery(劳役;苦工). At times they may find relief by hunting big game in Africa, or by flying round the world, but the number of such sensations is limited, especially after youth is past.

Work therefore is desirable, first and foremost, as a preventive of boredom, for the boredom that a man feels when he is doing necessary though uninteresting work is as nothing in comparison with the boredom that he feels when he has nothing to do with his days. With this advantage of work another is associated, namely that it makes

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holidays much more delicious when they come. Provided a man does not have to work so hard as to impair his vigor, he is likely to find far more zest in his free time than an idle man could possibly find.

The second advantage of most paid work and of some unpaid work is that it gives chances of success and opportunities for ambition. In most work success is measured by income and while the market economy society continues, this is inevitable. It is only where the best work is concerned that this measure ceases to be the natural one to apply. The desire that men feel to increase their income is quite as much a desire for success as for the extra comforts that a higher income can procure. However dull work may be, it becomes bearable if it is a means of building up a reputation, whether in the world at large or only in one’s own circle. Continuity of purpose is one of the most essential ingredients of happiness in the long run, and for most men this comes chiefly through their work. In this respect those women whose lives are occupied with housework are much less fortunate than men, or than women who work outside the home.

Two chief elements make work interesting: first, the exercise of skill, and second, construction.

Every man who has acquired some unusual skill enjoys exercising it until it has become a matter of course. This motive to activity begins in early childhood: a boy who can stand on his head becomes reluctant to stand on his feet. A great deal of work gives the same pleasure that is to be derived from games of skill.

There is, however, another element possessed by the best work, which is even more important as a source of happiness than is the exercise of skill. This is the element of constructiveness. In some work, though by no means in most, something is built up which remains as a monument when the work is completed. We may distinguish construction from destruction by the following criterion(标准). In construction the initial state of affairs is comparatively haphazard(偶然的), while the final state of affairs embodies a purpose. In destruction the reverse is the case; the initial state of affairs embodies a purpose, while the final state of affairs is haphazard, that is to say, all that is intended by the destroyer is to produce a state of affairs which does not embody a certain purpose. This criterion applies in the most literal and obvious case, namely the construction and destruction of buildings. In constructing a building a previously made plan is carried out, whereas in destroying it no one decides exactly how the materials are to lie when the ruin is completed. This applies to not a few revolutionaries and militarists and other apostles(信徒) of violence. They are actuated, usually without their own knowledge, by hatred: the destruction of what they hate is their real purpose, and they are comparatively indifferent to the question what is to come after it. Now I cannot deny that in the work of destruction as in the work of construction there may be joy. It is a fiercer joy, perhaps at moments more intense, but it is less profoundly satisfying, since the result is one in which little satisfaction is to be found. You kill your enemy, and when he is dead your occupation is gone, and the satisfaction that you derive from victory quickly fades. The work of construction, on the other hand, when completed, is delightful to recall, and moreover is never so fully completed that there is nothing further to do about it. The most

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satisfactory purposes are those that lead on indefinitely from one success to another without ever coming to a dead end; and in this respect it will be found that construction is a greater source of happiness than destruction.

1. The majority of people would have no idea about what is well worth doing when they are free from work.

2. Many people today have reached the level of civilization to fill their leisure intelligently.

3. While most idle rich enjoy their freedom from heavy work they are often subjected to an indescribable boring life.

4. If a man does not have to overwork to exhaust he may have more passion for his leisure time than an idle man could possibly have.

5. The women who are confined to home with homemaking enjoy a greater source of happiness than men.

6. Many people can get the same pleasure from a lot of work as from games of skill when they are young of skill.

7. In the best work,the exercise of skill is the most important as a source of happiness.

8. In construction the final state of affairs . 9. In constructing a building, one carries out .

10. The work of destruction is less profoundly satisfying because you can in the result

Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 11. A) He expects to hear from his brother. B) He expects a gift from his brother.

C) The woman is wrong about when the man’s birthday is. D) His brother is going to visit him. 12. A) They don’t enjoy swimming.

B) They won’t go swimming in the lake today. C) They don’t know how to swim. D) They’ll swim in the lake tomorrow.

13. A) The style of sweater she’s wearing is very common. B) The man saw Jill wearing the sweater.

C) She wore the sweater for the first time yesterday. D) She usually doesn’t borrow clothes from Jill. 14. A) She’s planning a trip to Antarctica.

B) She thinks attending the lecture will be helpful to her. C) Her geography class is required to attend the lecture.

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D) She has already finished writing her report. 15. A) The woman should join the chess club. B) He’s not a very good chess player.

C) The woman needs a lot of time to play chess.

D) He’s willing to teach the woman how to play chess. 16. A) Ask Alice if the man can borrow the novel. B) Return the novel to Alice immediately.

C) Help the man find his own copy of the novel. D) Find out how much the novel costs.

17. A) He has already tasted the chocolate pudding. B) Chocolate is his favorite flavor.

C) He doesn’t want any chocolate pudding. D) There is no more chocolate pudding left. 18. A) He arrived at the theater late. B) He left his watch in the theater.

C) The production seemed much shorter than it actually was. D) He did not enjoy the production.

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A) She wants to learn about Richard Sears. B) She is helping the man with his assignment. C) She needs to buy a filing cabinet. D) She wants to order some textbooks.

20. A) Teachers. B) Farmers. C) Students. D) Laborers.

21. A) As textbooks. B) As fuel. C) As newspapers. D) As art. 22. A) Taxes on factory goods rose. B) Some people lost their farms. C) Shipping prices rose.

D) Some small stores were out of business.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 23. A) The economy is slowing down.

B) She may not be able to finish the college. C) She may not find a job after college. D) The tax is going to be raised.

24. A) It is on the verge of bankruptcy. B) It is improving steadily.

C) It has experienced a rapid increase in sales. D) It is going down hill fast.

25. A) She will join the man’s company. B) She will start her own business. C) She will stay in her parents’house. D) She will try to find a job. Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be

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spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. A) They didn’t use singers. B) They gave free concerts.

C) They performed in small nightclubs.

D) They shortened the length of their performances. 27. A) To discuss one way it impacted jazz music.

B) To explain why the government reduced some taxes. C) To describe a common theme in jazz music. D) To discuss the popularity of certain jazz bands. 28. A) The music contained strong political messages. B) The music had a steady beat that people could dance to. C) The music included sad melodies.

D) The music contained irregular types of rhythms. Passage Two

Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard. 29. A) A museum exhibition of African baskets. B) Changes in basket-weaving.

C) Differences between African and American baskets. D) The development of basket weaving in one town. 30. A) Their mothers taught them. B) They traveled to Africa. C) They learned in school. D) They taught themselves.

31. A) They sell them as a hobby. B) They make them as a hobby. C) They use them on their farms.

D) They make and sell them to make a living. Passage Three

Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 32. A) Factors that affect the ability to remember.

B) The influence of childhood memories on adulthood. C) A proposal for future psychological research. D) Benefits of a busy lifestyle.

33. A) The need to exercise the memory.

B) How the brain differs from other body tissues. C) The unconscious learning of a physical activity. D) How nerves control body movement. 34. A) Repeat it aloud. B) Write it down.

C) Make a mental picture of it. D) Practice recalling it. 35. A) Ask questions about the assigned reading.

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