应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

一、英语常用句型

1．否定句型

1)一般否定句

I don't know this. No news is good news.

There is no person (smoking)/ not a person/ not any person (smoking) in the house.

2)特指否定

She went to his office, not to see him.

I am sorry for not coming on time.

I don't think/ believe/ suppose/ feel/ imagine you are right.

3)部分否定

All is not gold that glitters.

I don't know all of them.

I can't see everybody/everything.

Both of them are not right.

4)全体否定

None of my friends smoke.

I can see nothing/nobody.

Neither of them is right.

Nothing can be so simple as this.

5)延续否定

You didn't see him, neither/nor did I.

You don't know, I don't know either.

He doesn't know English, let alone/ to say nothing of/ not to speak of (更不用说)French.

6)半否定句

We seldom/ hardly/ scarcely/ barely hear such fine singing.

I know little English. I saw few people.

7)双重否定

You can't make something out of nothing.

What's done cannot be undone.

There is no sweet without sweat.

No gain without pains.

I can't help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it.

8)排除否定

Everyone is ready except you.

He did nothing but play.

But for your help, I couldn't have done it.

9)加强否定

Whatever you say, I won't do it at all.

I can't see it any more, though I have looked for it everywhere.

He is now a man. He is no longer a boy.

2．判断句型

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应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育1)一般判断句

It is important for us to learn English.

It is kind of you to help me. Sincere means honest.

The boy is called/ named Tom.

We regarded/consider it as an honor.

2)强调判断

It is English that we should learn.

It is he who helped me a lot.

3)弱式判断

Your sentence doesn't sound/ look/ appear/ feel right.

You look/ seem as if/ as though you had been there before.

Maybe/ Perhaps she is ill.

It is possible that he hasn't grasped what you have said.

4)注释判断

He can remember so many English words, that is (to say) he is a living dictionary(活字典)．

5)正反判断

That sounds all right, but in fact it is on the contrary/ it is not.

6)比较判断

It is more a picture than a poem.

He or you are wrong.

Either he is right or I am.

3．祝愿祈使句式

1)一般句式

Study hard and keep fit.

2)强调句式

Do tell me. It's no need to keep it a secret.

Never tell a lie. You should be an honest boy.

3)委婉祈使句

Please tell me the truth.

Would/Will/Won't do me a favor?

Would/Do you mind my smoking?

What/How about going on foot?

4) 建议祈使句

Let us go. Let us know the time.

Let's not waste the time.

You'd better start early.

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应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育Shall we listen to some music?

Why don't you get something to drink?

Suppose/ Supposing you pick me up at about six?

I suggest we (should) take the train instead of a bus.

5)祝愿句

Success to you!

Wish you a good journey.

May you have a happy marriage?

Allow me to propose a toast to our friendship!

4．数词句型

1)表数目

It is exactly ten o'clock/ It's ten o'clock sharp.

It is five miles away from here.

He is more than/over/ at least/not less than 20.

He is under/ at most/no more than 20.

2) 表年月日

He was born on April 22 1994/in 1994 on the morning of Oct.1.

3) 表年龄

He is 20 years old/ years of age.

He is at the age of 10.

He is in his teens/ twenties/ thirties/...

4) 表倍数

It is four times that of last years.

This is four times as big (again) as that one.

This is four times bigger than that one.

The income is double what it was.

The output of coal was 200% greater than in 1998.

5) 表计量

It is 10 meters long/ wide/ high. / 10 meters in length/ width/ height.

It costs me 100 yuan.

I spent 10 hours finishing it.

It took me 10 days to finish it.

It is worth 100 yuan.

5．关联指代句型

1) 两项关联

I have two books, one is Chinese; the other English.

I have five books, one is Chinese; the others English.

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应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育To say is one thing, but/ and to do is another.

On (the) one hand, I am your teacher, and on the other hand, I am also your friend.

Some like to play football, others are fond of basketball.

2) 先后顺序

First/ Firstly, I wish good health, second/secondly success in your study, third/ thirdly good luck in everything.

First stop, then look, finally cross.

At first/ In the beginning he works hard. Later/ Afterwards he is not so diligent.

3) 修饰限制

This is the same book as I lost yesterday.

This is the same book that I lost yesterday. (同一本书)

Don't trust such a man as over praise you.

He/ One/ Those/ They who should come failed to appear.

A man/ A person/ The one/ Anyone/ People who saw her liked her very much.

The day/ time/ moment will come when China is the strongest in the world.

4)两项连接

He can speak not only English but also French.

The book is both interesting and instructive.

It is neither cold nor hot.

Please either come in or go out.

The old worker has experience and knowledge as well.

5) 加和关系

Besides literature, we have grammar and writing.

Apart from oxygen, there are some other gases in the air.

In addition to "if"，there are many other conjunctions that can introduce conditional clauses.

I must go now, incidentally, if you want that book.

You seem to like tea, so do I.

6．比较句型

1) 等比句

He is as tall as I.

He is the same height as I.

She is no less diligent than he.

The lab is no better than a cottage.

2)差比句

I speak English worse than he does.

He is not so/as tall as I am.

3)极比句

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应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育

He is the tallest of all in the class.

None/No one is so blind as those that won't see.

Nothing is so easy as this.

I can't agree more.

I have never spent a better night.

4) 比例句

The more a man knows, the more he feels his ignorance(无知)．

5)择比句

He is taller than any other boy in the class.

It is better late than never.

They would die than live as slaves.

He prefers doing to talking.

He prefers to do rather than to talk.

He prefers mathematics to English.

I'd rather stay here.

6)对比句

You think me idle, but on the contrary, I am busy.

They are working hard while you are wasting your time.

7．比喻句型

She is as cute as a newborn kitten.

You are my star in the night.

8．条件假设句

1)一般事实

If we succeed, what will the people say?

Suppose it rains, what shall we do?

Persevere(坚持)and you'll succeed.

2) 虚拟条件句

If I were a teacher, I wouldn't scold my pupils like that.

If you had seen it, you would have been moved.

3) 反条件句

Unless you try, you'll never succeed.

Don't move, or/ else/ otherwise I'll shoot.

4) 唯一条件句

If only I have another chance, I shall do better.

Only in this way can we learn English well.

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应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育So/ As long as we don't lose heart, we'll succeed.

5) 推论条件句

Since that is so, there is no more to say.

Now that you are a grown-up, you must stop this behavior.

9．时间句型

1)一般时

When I see him, I'll tell him.

2)表同时

You'll grow wiser as you grow older.

Work while you work, play while you play.

He worked, at the same time/ in the meantime/ meanwhile he listened to the music.

3) 限制时

Every/ Each time when I went to his house, he was out.

By the time that we got there, he was out.

4) 交替时

Sometimes he sings, sometimes he dances.

At one time the baby cries, at another it talks.

5) 先时

I stopped him before he began to talk with me.

6) 后时

I'll tell you after I finish it.

7) 紧接时

As soon as I see him, I'll tell him.

Once you begin, you must continue.

The (very) moment/instant (that) I saw him, I recognized him.

On hearing the news, she bust into tears.

Hardly had I seen the light, when I heard a loud thundering.

8) 延续时

I haven't seen him since I came here.

A friend is never known till/ until a man has need.

10．地点句型

1)一般地点

Where have you been?

Where there is a will, there is a way.

2) 方位

Hebei lies in the east of China.

Japan is/ lies to the east of China.

The house faces (to) the south.

He is sitting in the front of the classroom.

He is standing in front of/ before me.

He is sitting at the back of/ behind me.

He is sitting at the back of/ at the rear of the classroom.

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应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育He is sitting next to/besides me.

He is sitting close to/ near me.

At the top of/On top of the shelf, there are some books.

He is sitting on the left/ right.

The mountain you see to the right is the Purple Mountain.

11．原因句型

He didn't go to school because he was ill.

Since we are all here, let's begin our meeting.

It might rain yesterday, for the ground was wet.

Now (that) we have finished the work, we can go home.

I am glad to meet you.

I am sorry that I hear you have been ill.

I owe you a lot of thanks for your kindness to me in all these years.

That is why he failed to come.

He didn't come because of/ on account of the weather.

He went out of curiosity.

I succeeded thanks to his help.

This failure is due to the fact they lack experience.

Owing to our joint efforts, the task was fulfilled.

For what reason did you choose this?

What's the point of asking him to do that?

How come you never told me about it?

What with the wind and what with the rain, our walk was spoiled.

12．目的句型

He stopped aside so that she could go in.

He sits in the front in order that he can see words on the screen clearly.

He gets up early so as to/ in order to have time to do exercises.

He repeated it for fear that there should be any mistake.

13．结果句型

It was very cold, so that the river froze.

They cost a lot of money, so/ therefore we use them carefully.

He is such a good man that every one likes him.

He ran so fast that no one could catch him.

He hurried to the house only to find that it was empty.

I was caught in the rain. As a result, I had a bad cold.

14．程度句型

How often do you write to your parents?

How long do you stay at home?

It is so beautiful that we all love it.

Maybe the task is too much for you.

He is too excited to speak.

He is not old enough to know this.

The letter must be sent as soon as possible.

You must work as hard as you can.

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应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育As far as I know, I can speak only English.

15．让步句型

Though/ Although he is rich, (yet/ still) he doesn't show off.

Young as he is, he know a lot of things.

Even if/ though he succeeded, he was not proud.

No matter what you say, I'll still try to do it.

Keep calm, whatever/ no matter what happens.

In spite of this, we must go ahead with our plans.

Regardless of/ In spite of/ Despite all the difficulties, we'll fight it out to the end.

16．转折句型

I searched everywhere but could not find him.

You may go, only return quickly.

He is seriously ill, still there is hope of his recovery.

It looked like rain, however it was clear in the afternoon.

He is still young, yet he is high up in the position.

He didn't tell me the truth, I know it, though.

17．省略句

I think/ say/ suppose/ expect/ believe/ hope so.

Why not come earlier next time?

二、英语阅读理解及书面表达必备词组

above all首先，尤其重要的，最重要的

by accident 偶然，无意中

be active in 对(于)……很积极

add up to 合计为

admit one's mistake 承认错误

take/follow one's advice 接受某人的建议

give advice on 就……提出建议

advice sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事

the day after tomorrow 后天

after all 毕竟；终究

against one's will 违心

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应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育at the age of 在……岁时

achieve one's aim 实现目标

in the air 在空中；悬而未决

in the open air 在户外，在露天里

at the airport 在机场

the fire alarm 火警

be filled with anger 满腔怒火

be angry at sth. 因某人之言行而生气

be angry with sb. 生某人的气

make an announcement 通知

one after another 相继地，按顺序地

one another 相互，彼此(三者或三者以上之间)

each other 相互(指两者之间)

give no answer 没有回答

be anxious about 为……而担心

be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事

live apart 分开住

apart from 除了

make/offer an apology to sb.for sth. 因某事向某人认错或道歉

argue with sb. about sth. 与某人争论某事

lay sth. aside 放在一边

ask sb. for advice/help 请某人指点/帮助

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应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育be astonished at sth. 惊讶于……

at one time 以前，曾经

pay attention to 注意

take a correct attitude towards sth. 对……抱正确的态度

attract one's attention 引起(注意，兴趣等)

lie/swim on one's back 仰卧/仰泳

a bad cold 重感冒

two pieces of baggage 两件行李

keep/lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡

at the ball 在舞会上

have/take a cold bath 洗冷水澡

be killed in battle 阵亡

on the beach 在海滩

make the bed 整理床铺

begin with 以……开始

at the beginning of 在……起始，开始

from beginning to end 自始至终

come into being 形成……局面；产生

a safety belt 安全带

Second thoughts are best. 三思而后行

do/try one's best 尽力，尽最大的努力

make the best of 尽量利用，善用

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应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育all the best 一切顺利，万事如意

in bold 黑体的，粗体的

be born in a peasant's family 出身于农民家庭

make a bow 鞠躬

use one's brains 动动脑子

break the record 打破纪录

take a deep breath 深吸一口气

hold one's breath 屏息；憋住气

out of breath 上气不接下气

brush one's teeth 刷牙

burst into tears 突然哭起来

a burst of laughter 突然一阵大笑

but for 要不是

a call for help 呼救声

keep calm 保持镇静(别慌)

keep quiet 保持安静(别吵)

keep still 保持不动(别动)

keep silent 保持沉默(别说话)

a summer camp 夏令营

go camping 去野营

cannot help doing 情不自禁……

play cards 打牌

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应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育take care of 照顾，保管

medical care 医疗护理

in that case 假若那样的话

in case 以防万一

rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨

catch up with 赶上(或超过)

by chance 偶然

free of charge 免费

in charge 主管，在掌管之下

in the charge of 由……负责

take charge 掌管，负责

cheer up 高兴起来

in one's childhood 童年时

make a choice 挑选，选择

at Christmas 圣诞节时

go to church 去做礼拜

cigarette end 烟头

give sb. a clap 为……鼓掌

get close to 接近

a table cloth 一块桌布

a suit of clothes 一套衣服

children's clothing 童装

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应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育collect stamps 集邮

come about 产生，发生

come across (偶然)遇见或发现

come up 走过来；长出，发芽，上升；抬头

in common 共同，共有

compete in a contest 参加比赛

give a concert 举办音乐会

on condition that 条件是

congratulate sb. on sth. 祝贺某人

on the contrary 相反地

out of control 失控

have a conversation with sb. 与……谈话；交谈

in/during the course of 在……期间/过程中

be covered with 被……覆盖

be cross with sb. at sth. 因某事和某人发脾气

cross out 划掉

be cruel to sb. 对……残忍

cubic meter 立方米

be curious about sth. 对……感到好奇

do great damage to 对……造成巨大损害

in danger 处境危险

out of date 过时

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应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育the other day 在不久前，前几天

be deaf to sth. 对……充耳不闻

deal with 对付，应付

in debt 负债

out of debt 还清债务

make a decision 作出决定

do good deeds 做好事

do the deed 付诸行动，生效

deep into the night 直到深夜

deep in thought 沉思

deep into the night 深夜

without delay 毫不耽搁，立刻

delay doing sth. 迟迟未做某事

deliver a speech 发表(演说等)

meet the demands 满足要求

foreign language department 外语系

department store 百货商店

beyond description 难以形容

be determined to do sth. 决心做某事

with the development of industry 随着工业的发展

devote oneself to 献身于，致力于

be in danger of dying out 处于灭亡的危险中

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应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育make no difference 没作用，没影响

have difficulty in doing sth. 做……有困难，难以……

be invited to dinner 应邀赴宴

in all directions 向四面八方

make a new discovery 做出新的发现

under discussion 正在讨论中

wash dishes 洗盘子

in the distance 在远方，在远处

be distant toward sb. 对……冷淡

do good to 对……有益

do wrong 做坏事，犯罪

from door to door 挨门挨户

next door 隔壁的

go downstairs 下楼

go downtown 到市区去

drag one's feet 缓慢前进，拖延

draw tears from sb. 催人泪下

dream of doing sth. 渴望做某事

drill a hole in the wall 在墙上钻孔

drive off 赶走

drive sb. mad 使某人发狂

earn money 挣钱

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应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育earn one's living 谋生

on earth 究竟

take it easy 别着急，别紧张，放松些

have a great effect on 对……有很大影响

make efforts to do sth. 努力做某事

encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事

make ends meet 量入为出；使收支相抵

a happy ending 美满的结局

English?speaking countries 说英语的国家

enter oneself for a contest 报名比赛

the entrance to the theater 剧场的入口

on New Year's Eve 在除夕

even if/even though 虽然，即使

current events 时事

have/take an examination 参加考试

carry out a medical examination 进行体格检查

pass an examination 考试及格

set an example to sb. 为……树立榜样

do morning exercises 做早操

come into existence 产生，成立

carry/do/make an experiment 做实验

make an explanation 作解释，说明

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应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育make a face 做鬼脸，装怪相

as a matter of fact 事实上

fail to do sth. 未能……

fall behind 落后，掉队

be familiar with sth. 对……熟悉

be famous for 因……而闻名

be famous as 作为……而闻名

feel one's pulse 摸某人的脉

feel like doing sth. 觉得想做……

hurt one's feelings 伤害某人的感情

the Spring Festival 春节

have a high fever 发高烧

the field of science 科学领域

in one's fifties 五十多岁时

a key figure 关键人物

fill in the form 填写表格

in a flash 刹那间

a big / great flood 一场大洪水

sweep the floor 扫地

on the third floor 在三层

a building of three storeys 三层楼的建筑

be in flowers 正在开花

地址：北京市西城区新德街20号4层电话：010-******** 传真：010-******** 第17页共33页

应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育fly a kite 放风筝

in a fog 糊里糊涂

make a fool of sb. 欺骗，愚弄某人

at the foot of the mountain 在山脚下

the air force 空军

by force 靠武力，强行

with great force 用很大力气

foreign trade 对外贸易

form a good habit 养成好习惯

try one's fortune 碰碰运气

in fours 每四个一组(一批)；四个四个地

a frequent visitor 常客

a fresh hand 新手

make friends with 同……交朋友

from then on 那时起

from time to time 不时地，时常

No pains, no gains. 一份耕耘，一份收获。

play games 做游戏

generation gap 代沟

get down to sth. 开始认真(做某事)

get into trouble 陷入麻烦

have a gift for music 有音乐天分

地址：北京市西城区新德街20号4层电话：010-******** 传真：010-******** 第18页共33页

应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育give out 用尽，耗尽，筋疲力尽

take a glance at 朝……看了一眼

glare at 向人瞪眼，怒目而视

go out (灯，火)熄灭

go over the lesson 复习功课

score a goal 进了一个球

make mistakes in grammar 犯语法错误

grasp one's meaning 懂某人的意思

keep off the grass 勿踏草地

get into the habit of 养成……的习惯

by hand 用手

hand out 分发

on the one hand...on the other hand 一方面……另一方面……

a handful of 少量的

live a happy life 过幸福生活

do harm to 损害，伤害

a good harvest 一个好收成

keep one's head 保持镇静

in good health 身体好

learn / know sth. by heart 记住某事

keep a tight hold on sth. 紧握某物

catch / take / get hold of 握住；抓住

地址：北京市西城区新德街20号4层电话：010-******** 传真：010-******** 第19页共33页

应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育hold one's head high 趾高气扬

the summer holidays 暑假

on holiday 休假

in honour of 为(向)……表示敬意；为了纪念……

have high hope for sb. 对某人抱很大希望

in the hope of doing sth. 怀着……的希望

be in hospital 住院

an hour or so 大约一小时

go hungry 挨饿

go hunting 打猎

in a hurry 匆匆忙忙

have no idea 不知道

if only 但愿，要是……就好了

make a good impression on sb. 给某人留下好印象

inch one's way forward 慢慢前进

A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难之交才是真朋友。

inform sb. of sth. 告诉某人某事

insist on doing 坚持要做

inspect a factory 视察工厂

an inspiring speech 激动人心的演讲

in instant need of help 急需帮助

interrupt a conversation 打断谈话

地址：北京市西城区新德街20号4层电话：010-******** 传真：010-******** 第20页共33页

应对2010高考英语基础知识大盘点

让更多的孩子得到更好的教育

a letter of introduction 介绍信

receive an invitation 收到请帖

a letter of invitation 邀请信

tell a joke 讲笑话

play a joke with sb. 和某人开玩笑

make a journey 旅行

to one's joy 使某人高兴的是

Don't judge a man by his looks. 不可以貌取人。

a junior high school 初中

just then 正在那时

keep in touch with 与……保持联系

keep out of 使……不进入……

the key to success 成功的秘诀

kick the door 踢门

kick off one's shoes 踢掉鞋子

go down / fall on one's knees 跪下

knock at the door 敲门

at the latest 最迟，至迟

sooner or later 迟早

burst into laughter 哈哈大笑起来

break / obey the law 违(守)法

make a law 制定一条法律

地址：北京市西城区新德街20号4层电话：010-******** 传真：010-******** 第21页共33页

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