2011年职称英语等级考试真题参考答案及解析(理工类B级)

2011年职称英语等级考试真题(理工类B级)

第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共1 5分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. Mr. Henley has accelerated his sate of shares over the past year. A. held B. offered C. increased D. expected

2. Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer. A. hoped B. admitted C. reported D. answered

3. The view from my bedroom window was absolutely spectacular. A. general B. traditional C. magnificent D. strong

4. The police believe the motive for the murder was jealousy. A. choice B. idea C. decision D. reason

5. At that time， we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened. A. understand B. give C. attach D. lose

6. They converted the spare bedroom into an office. A. reduced B. moved C. reformed D. turned

7. Anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to do. A. doubting

B. thinking C. saying D. knowing

8. We need to extract the relevant financial data. A. store B. save C. obtain D. review

9. Jane said that she couldn t tolerate the long hours. A. stand B. spend C. take D. last

10. We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference. A. offered B. included C. investigated D. accepted

11. His shoes were shined to perfection. A. polished B. cleared C. washed D. mended

12. She always finds fault with everything. A. criticizes B. simplifies C. evaluates D. examines

13. We have to act within the existing legal framework. A. limit B. procedure C. status D. system

14. The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives. A. effort B. problem

C. concern D. influence

15. The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses. A. relative B. continuous C. general D. sharp

第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

16. Scientists have been keeping records of lake temperatures for over 30 years. A. Right B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

17. The temperatures of lakes around the world have increased greatly between 1985 and 2009. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

18. Lakes seem to be warming faster in Asia. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

19. A slight temperature increase in a lake could be harmful to fish. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

20. Scientists generally focus on air temperatures when studying global warming. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

21. Global warming is less threatening to small countries. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

22. UNFCCC s annual meeting will be held in Mexico this year. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

23. Paragraph 2 __________ 24. Paragraph 3 __________ 25. Paragraph 4 __________ 26. Paragraph 5 __________ A．Online stores

B．Differences from iPhone C．Display and data connection D．Business usage E．Features and applications F．Operating system

27. In April 2010 the iPad developed by Apple was __________．

28. The iPad will only run programs approved by Apple if not __________． 29. iPad applications enable the owner s email accounts to be __________． 30. iPad usage in offices enables employee productivity to be __________． A．modified

B．increased C．personalized D．browsed E．distributed F．released

第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

31. People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT that A. they re popular. B. they re useful. C. they re convenient. D. they re cheap.

32. The word"detected"in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by

A. cured. B. removed. C. caused. D. discovered.

33. The salesman retired young because A. he disliked using mobile phones. B. he couldn t remember simple tasks. C. he was tired of talking on his mobile phone. D. his employer s doctor persuaded him to.

34. On the safety issue of mobile phones， the manufacturing companies A. deny the existence of mobile phone radiation.

B. develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiation. C. try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health. D. hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about. 35. The writer s purpose of writing this article is to advise people A. to buy mobile phones. B. to update regular phones. C. to stop using mobile phones. D. to use mobile phones less often，

36. "Spider"and"bird"mentioned in paragraph 1 are examples to illustrate A. animals are people s friends.

B. there are numerous living species on Earth. C. it is easy to see spiders and birds. D. there are many types of spiders and birds. 37. The goal of the creation of the EoL is to

A. collect enough data to analyze the living species on Earth. B. work out an easy-to-use catalog of every living species on Earth. C. enlarge an existing website of the living species on Earth.

D. add new information to the existing databases of the living species on Earth. 38. At the starting stage the EoL will get information from A. all the websites available. B. databases built up by its creators. C. the existing scientific databases.

D. non-scientists with specialized knowledge.

39. The word "novice" in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by A. beginner.

B. scientist. C. creator. D. expert.

40. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Scientists have cataloged only a small part of the living species on Earth. B. The EoL will be beneficial to school kids with its development. C. Scientists will review every piece of the information added to the EoL. D. People with different interests and knowledge will in a way find the EoL useful.

41. Unlike other animals in zoos，zoo-raised elephants A. live a long life.

B. give birth to many babies. C. develop poor health. D. have difficulty getting food.

42. Which of the following about the scientists study is NOT true?

A. They compared zoo-born elephants with wild elephants. B. They analyzed the records of 800 elephants kept in zoos. C. The zoo-born elephants they studied were kept in European zoos. D. They kept detailed records of all the elephants in their care.

43. It was found that，compared with female wild elephants，female zoo-born elephants A. lived longer. B. grew up faster. C. died much earlier.

D. enjoyed the same life spans.

44. One of the possible reasons for the zoo-raised elephants problems is that A. they do not get proper food. B. they do too much exercise. C. they live in large herds. D. they do not live in family groups.

45. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that

A. zoo-born elephants should be looked after more carefully. B. zoos should keep more animals except elephants. C. it may not be wise to keep elephants in zoos. D. elephants are no longer an endangered species. 第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

A. He also received a Medal of Honor. the highest United States military decoration. B. Eighty years ago， radio and movies were just beginning to have that kind of effect on Americans.

C. Working with an aviation company from San Diego，California，and with financial help from the city of St. Louis，Lindbergh got a customized(定制的)airplane that could make the journey，

D. Lindbergh used this additional training to get a job as an airmail pilot，flying out of St，Louis，Missouri.

E. He quit school and moved to Nebraska where he learned to be a pilot. F. His childhood was not full of fond memories. 第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

51. A. diagnose B. increase C. examine D. treat 52. A. financial B. material C. emotional D. political 53. A. Whatever B. Although C. Since D. If

54. A. road B. term C. journey D. distance 55 A. affect B. judge C. lead D. study 56 A. located B. moved C. exposed D. mixed 57 A. groups B. sets C. species D. versions 58 A. beauty B. state C. world D. activity 59 A. time B. courage C. trouble D. energy 60 A. tellers B. improvers C. creators D. designers 61

A. not B. than C. but D. that 62 A. at B. in C. about D. without 63.

A. association B. cooperation C. difference D. agreement 64. A. probably B. principally C. occasionally D. scarcely 65. A. important B. meaningless C. illogical D. friendly

2011年职称英语等级考试真题参考答案及解析(理工类B级)

第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题．每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1．C

【解析】题意：在过去的一年，亨利先生快速地抛售了他的股票。划线词词义是“加速”。 A项held意为拥有；例句：The city is held by the enemy．这座城市已被敌人占领。 B项offered意为提供；例句：I offered her a range of opinions．我向她提供了一系列看法。

C项increased意为增加。例句：Rising prices neutralized increased wages．上涨的物价使

增加的工资化为乌有。

D项expected意为预料；例句：The doctor s fee was higher than we expected．这位医生的收费比我们预料的高。 很明显C项正确。 2．B

【解析】题意：玛莎承认她对电脑一无所知。划线词的词义是“承认”。

A项hoped意为希望；例句：Things are not moving as fast as we hoped．事情的进展不像我们希望 的那么快。

B项admitted意为承认；例句：Of course，part of the challenge is her admitted difficulty with acting in English．当然，一部分困难是她自己承认的用英语表演的困难。

C项reported意为报道；例句：It is reported that 20 people were killed in the accident．这次事故据报道有20人死亡。

D项answered意为回答。例句：The question is simple enough to answer．这个问题很简单，容易回答。 很明显B项正确。 3．C

【解析】题意：从我的卧室的窗子眺望可以看到非常壮观的景色。划线词词义是“壮观的，壮丽的”。

A项general意为总的，全面的；例句：I get the general impression that they aren t very happy．我对他们的总体印象是他们过得并不是很幸福。

B项traditional意为传统的，惯例的；例句：It s a garden in the traditional Victorian style．这是一个传统的维多利亚风格的花园。

C项magnificent意为宏大的，堂皇的；例句：The museum that we visited is very magnificent．我们参观的博物馆是很宏伟。

D项strong意为强壮的，有力的。例句：I was surprised to find that the strong man liked to eat conserves．我很惊讶地发现这个强壮的男人喜欢吃蜜饯。 很明显C项正确。 4．D

【解析】题意：警方认为谋杀的动机是妒忌。划线词词义是“动机，动因”。 A项choice意为选择，挑选；例句：The choice rests entirely with you．这完全由你来选择。

B项idea意为主意，念头；例句：It would be a good idea to go swimming in the pond．到池塘里去游泳倒是个好主意。

C项decision意为决定，决议；例句：We can t reach a decision without our chairman．主席不在场，我们无法做出决定．

D项reason意为原因；动机。例句：That is the reason why I don t like it．那就是我不喜欢它的原因。

很明显D项正确。 5．A

【解析】题意：当时我们没有完全理解所发生事情的重要性。划线词词义是“抓住；领会，理解”。

A项understand意为理解，领悟。例句：I don t understand what you re talking about．我不明白你在说什么。

B项give意为给；例句：Have you given the waiter a tip?你给侍者小费了吗? C项attach意为附上，加上；例句：1 attach a copy of my notes for your information．我附上笔记一份供你参考。

D项lose意为丢失，丧失；例句：I lost my wallet yesterday．我昨天丢了钱包。很明显A项正确。 6．D

【解析】题意：他们把空闲的卧室改成了一间办公室。划线词词义是“转换。改造”。 A项reduced意为减少；例句：They are selling the goods under the counter at reduced prices．他们正在削价偷偷出售商品。

B项moved意为移动；例句：The army is on the move。军队在移动。

C项reformed意为改革；改良；例句：Because of his encouragement，she won the best designer by her reformed cheongsam．因为他的鼓励．她以她的改良式旗袍赢得了最佳设计师奖。

D项turned意为改变，使改成。例句：Nothing will ever turn him from his purpose．什么也不能使他改变目标。 很明显D项正确。 7．C

【解析】题意：安德森离开了桌子。同时说他有些工作要去做。划线词词义是“说，讲”。 A项doubting意为怀疑；例句：I doubt the truth of it．我怀疑此事的真实性。 B项thinking意为想；例句：Independent thinking is an absolute necessity．独立思考是绝对必要的。

C项saying意为说；例句：Be quiet，I have something to say to you．安静，我有话要对你们讲。

D项knowing意为知道。例句：There s no knowing what they will do．没法知道他们会做些什么。很明显C项正确． 8．C

【解析】题意：我们需要获取相关的财政数据。划线词词义是“提取，获取”。 A项store意为贮存；例句：The barn can store five tons of grain．这个谷仓能放五吨粮食。

B项save意为节省；例句：I lent him my bike in order that he could save time．我把自行车借给他，以便他能节省一些时间。

C项obtain意为获得；例句：He failed to obtain a scholarship．他没有获得奖学金。 D项review意为复习。例句：Before the examination we have a review of the term s work．考试之前，我们复习了这学期的功课。 很明显C项正确。 9．A

【解析】题意：简说她无法忍受这么长时间。划线词词义是“忍受，容忍”。 A项stand意为站立；忍受；例句：I can t stand him anymore．He is talking all the time．我再也没法

忍受他。他一直喋喋不休。

B项spend意为花费；例句：You really shouldn t spend so much effort on it．你真不该在这件事上花费这么大的精力。

C项take意为拿，取；例句：Please take the trash to the garbage can．请将垃圾拿到垃圾筒去。

D项last意为持续。例句：The hot weather lasted until September．炎热的天气持续到九月。很明显A项正确。 10．C

【解析】题意：在会上，我们研究了扩建的可能性。划线词词义是“调查，研究”。 A项offered意为提供；例句：If she was offered the job she d take it．如果提供给她这个工作，她就会接受。

B项included意为包括；例句：The bill came to $467，tax included．账单共计467美元，含税。

C项investigated意为调查，研究。例句：The police are investigating the murder．警察正在调查这件谋杀案。

D项accepted意为接受；例句：I accepted it cheerily．我高兴地接受了。很明显C项正确。

11．A

【解析】题意：他的鞋擦得很亮。

划线词词义是“使发光，使发亮”；擦亮(皮鞋等)。

A项polished意为擦亮；抛光；例句：The children loved sliding round the newly polished floor．孩子们喜欢在刚擦亮的地板上溜圈子。

B项cleared意为澄清；收拾；例句：She cleared the leftovers from the table．她清掉了桌上的剩饭剩菜。

C项washed意为洗；例句：Can I put washed produce in the bag?我可以把洗过的农产品放进口袋么?

D项mended意为修补。例句：We need an electrician to mend the iron．我们要请电工修理熨斗。很明显A项正确。 12．A

【解析】题意：她总是事事挑剔。 划线部分词义是“挑剔，找毛病，批评”。

A项criticizes意为批评；例句：You should not criticize him so harshly in his face．你不应该当面

这么严厉地批评他。

B项simplifies意为简化；例句：That will simplify my task．那将简化了我的工作。 C项evaluates意为评估；例句：Let s evaluate the evidence．让我们评估一下此证据的价值。

D项examines意为调查；考试。例句：It is necessary to examine how the proposals can be carried out．有必要调查一下怎样才能实施这些方案。 很明显A项正确。 13．D

【解析】题意：我们必须在现有的法律框架内行事。划线词词义是“框架；组织”。 A项limit意为界限；例句：That fence is the limit of the schoolyard．那道篱笆是校园的界限。

B项procedure意为步骤；例句：The next procedure is to insert the battery．接下来的步骤是装入电池。

C项status意为状况；例句：We ask the bank to report on his financial status．我们请银行报告他的财政状况。

D项system意为体系；组织。例句：The drainage system has been aged．排水系统已经老化了。很明显D项正确。 14．D

【解析】题意：高速列车可能对我们的生活产生很大的影响。划线词词义是“影响”。 A项effort意为努力；例句：They are making every effort to decrease the production cost．他

们正尽全力减少生产成本。

B项problem意为问题；例句：We had no time to deliberate on the problem．我们没有时间仔细思考这个问题．

C项concern意为关心，挂念；例句：Hardly a whisper of concern has been voiced．没有人表示过一点点的关心。

D项influence意为影响。例句：What exactly is the influence of television on children?电视对儿童究竟有什么影响? 很明显D项正确。 15．B

【解析】题意：该项研究还表明选学理科课程的大学生数量在持续下降。划线词词义是“稳定的，持续的”。

A项relative意为相关的；例句：The teacher asked me some questions relative to my paper．老师问了我一些和我的论文有关的问题。

B项continuous意为连续的；例句：The atmosphere is a continuous layer of gases．大气圈是连续的气体层。

C项general意为总的；例句：I get the general impression that they aren t very happy．我对他们的总体印象是他们过得并不是很幸福。

D项sharp意为急剧的。例句：The car turned sharp left．那部车向左急转弯。 很明显B项正确．

第2部分：阅读判断(第16—22题。每题1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 16．B

【解析】题意：科学家们一直记录着湖泊温度的变化已超过30多年。

关键词为Scientists科学家们；keeping records一直记录；lake temperatures湖泊温度；for over 30 years 30多年

根据文中第2段开头的第1句：“科学家们近来利用卫星来研究世界上湖泊温度的变化，而且发现湖温正在上升。”第2句的开头：“在1985至2009年间，……”，可看出共“24年”，而且下一句直接就写“在这24年期间”。由此可判断错误，选B项。 17．A

【解析】题意：从1985至2009，世界湖泊的温度已大大上升了。

关键词为The temperatures of lakes湖泊温度；have increased greatly大大增加了；between 1985 and 2009从1985至2009

根据文中第2段的第2、3行：“从1985至2009，……。在这24年间，湖泊的温度变

得更高了……。”

以此可判断应选A项正确。 18．C

【解析】题意：亚洲湖泊的温度似乎上升得更快。

关键词为Lakes湖泊；be warming faster升温更快；in Asia在亚洲

通读全文可知，“Asia(亚洲)”在全文中没有出现，以此可判断选C项，没有提及。 19．A

【解析】题意：湖泊温度略有上升都有可能毒害鱼类。

关键词为A slight temperature increase温度略有上升；harmful to fish毒害鱼类 根据文中第3段的最后1句：“湖温略有上升就会产生大量的水藻，而水藻又可使湖水对鱼类造成毒害。”以此可判断选A项正确。 20．A

【解析】题意：当科学家们研究全球变暖时，他们通常集中研究的是空气温度。关键词为Scientists科学家们；focus on集中；air temperatures空气温度

根据文中第4段的第2行：“……因为科学家们经常利用对空气温度的测量来研究地球是如何变暖的。”以此可以判断选A项正确。 21．B

【解析】题意：全球变暖对小国威胁更小。

关键词为Global warming全球变暖；less threatening威胁更小；small countries小国 根据文中第5段的第1行：“……，由于没有一个国家会因其太大或太小而能忽视气候变化。”以此可判断错误，应选B项。 22．C

【解析】题意：今年的联合国气候变化框架协议的年度会议将在墨西哥举行。 关键词为UNFCCC s annual meeting联合国气候变化框架协议的年度会议；in Mexico在墨西哥通读文章可知，在全文中找不到“Mexico(墨西哥)”一词，以此可以判断没有提及，选C项。

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题。每题1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。 23．F

【解析】第2段的第1句：“The iPad的操作系统与iPod Touch和iPhone的相同。”以此判断F项Operating system操作系统，正确。 24．C

【解析】第3段的第1句：“…，the iPad是由多次触击显示控制的……。”第2句：“The iPad利用无线数据连接……。”以此来判断C项Display and data connection显示和数据连接，正确。 25．E

【解析】第4段的第1句：“iPad具有不同的特点和应用程序……。”以此判断E项Features and applications特点和应用程序，正确。 26．D 【解析】第5段的第1句：“……，行业人员也在采用iPad。”以此判断D项Business usage行业使用，正确。 27．F

【解析】题意：2010年4月，由苹果公司研发的iPad__________。根据文中第1段的最后1句，很明显应接F项released推出(问世)。 28．A

【解析】题意：如果不__________，iPad只能按苹果公司批准的程序来运行。 根据文中第2段的最后1句，很明显应选A项modified更改。 29．C

【解析】题意：使用iPad可以__________用户的电子邮件帐户。 根据文中第4段的最后1句，很明显应选C项personalized个人化。 30．B

【解析】题意：办公室内使用iPad能够使雇员的生产效率__________。根据文中最后1段的最后1句，很明显应选B项increased增加。

第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。第一篇 31．D

【解析】题意：人们因下列原因而买手机，除哪一项之外。

题干中的关键词为“buy cell phones买手机；EXCEPT除…之外”。

在第1段的第2行查到A项；在最后1段的第3行查到B项和C项。以此判断D项正确。

32．D

【解析】题意：第3段中的“detected”一词可由下列哪一项替换最好?

题干中的关键词为“could be best replaced by由…替换最好”。detect的词义是：“发觉，发现”。

A项治疗；B项移动；C项引起；D项发现。故选D项。 33．B

【解析】题意：年轻的推销员离职了。因为__________。

题干中的关键词为“The salesman retired推销员离职了；because因为”。 根据文中第3段的第4行：“一个很年轻的流动推销员因严重的记忆丧失而不得不离职。”以此判断B项正确。 34．D

【解析】题意：有关手机的安全问题，制造公司__________。

题干中的关键词为“On the safety issue有关安全问题；the manufacturing companies制造公司”。

根据文中第4段的最后1句：“手机公司认为，手机的确有辐射，但辐射量很小无需担忧”。以此判断D项正确。 35．D

【解析】题意：作者写本文的目的是建议人们__________。

题干中的关键词为“The writer s purpose作者的目的；to advise people建议人们”。

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