01-04 BGP协议故障处理

VRP

故障处理 路由篇

目 录

目 录

4 BGP故障处理 .............................................................................................................................. 4-1

4.1 BGP简介 ...................................................................................................................................................... 4-2 4.1.1 BGP概述 ............................................................................................................................................. 4-2 4.1.2 BGP的消息类型 ................................................................................................................................. 4-2 4.1.3 BGP状态 ............................................................................................................................................. 4-3 4.1.4 BGP路由属性 ..................................................................................................................................... 4-3 4.1.5 BGP策略 ............................................................................................................................................. 4-4 4.1.6 MP-BGP ............................................................................................................................................... 4-6 4.2 BGP对等体不能建立连接故障处理 .......................................................................................................... 4-6 4.2.1 典型组网环境 ..................................................................................................................................... 4-7 4.2.2 配置注意事项 ..................................................................................................................................... 4-7 4.2.3 故障诊断流程 ..................................................................................................................................... 4-9 4.2.4 故障处理步骤 ................................................................................................................................... 4-11 4.3 BGP对等体建立连接后意外断开故障处理 ............................................................................................ 4-12 4.3.1 典型组网环境 ................................................................................................................................... 4-12 4.3.2 配置注意事项 ................................................................................................................................... 4-12 4.3.3 故障诊断流程 ................................................................................................................................... 4-12 4.3.4 故障处理步骤 ................................................................................................................................... 4-13 4.4 BGP交换Update消息过程中路由丢失故障处理 ................................................................................... 4-15 4.4.1 典型组网环境 ................................................................................................................................... 4-15 4.4.2 配置注意事项 ................................................................................................................................... 4-15 4.4.3 故障诊断流程 ................................................................................................................................... 4-15 4.4.4 故障处理步骤 ................................................................................................................................... 4-16 4.5 故障处理案例 ............................................................................................................................................ 4-18 4.5.1 环路和震荡现象 ............................................................................................................................... 4-18 4.5.2 路由数未超限邻居中断 ................................................................................................................... 4-20 4.5.3 重启路由器后BGP邻居关系无法恢复 ......................................................................................... 4-23 4.6 FAQ ............................................................................................................................................................. 4-25 4.7 故障诊断工具 ............................................................................................................................................ 4-28 4.7.1 display命令 ....................................................................................................................................... 4-28

文档版本 03 (2007-03-15) 华为技术有限公司 i

目 录

VRP

故障处理 路由篇

4.7.2 debugging命令 .................................................................................................................................. 4-35 4.7.3 告警 .................................................................................................................................................. 4-38 4.7.4 日志 .................................................................................................................................................. 4-40

ii 华为技术有限公司 文档版本 03(2007-03-15)

VRP

故障处理 路由篇

插图目录

插图目录

图4-1 BGP组网图 ............................................................................................................................................. 4-7 图4-2 BGP对等体之间不能建立连接故障诊断流程图 ............................................................................... 4-10 图4-3 BGP对等体之间建立连接后断开故障诊断流程图 ........................................................................... 4-13 图4-4 BGP路由丢失故障诊断流程图 ........................................................................................................... 4-16 图4-5 BGP组网示意图 ................................................................................................................................... 4-18 图4-6 路由数未超限邻居中断组网图 ........................................................................................................... 4-20 图4-7 BGP案例组网图 ................................................................................................................................... 4-23

文档版本 03 (2007-03-15) 华为技术有限公司 iii

VRP

故障处理 路由篇

表格目录

表格目录

表4-1 BGP消息类型 ......................................................................................................................................... 4-2 表4-2 BGP路由属性类别 ................................................................................................................................. 4-3 表4-3 几种主要的BGP路由属性 ................................................................................................................... 4-4 表4-4 修改MED各种策略的优先级 ............................................................................................................ 4-26 表4-5 display bgp peer命令输出信息描述 .................................................................................................... 4-29 表4-6 display bgp peer verbose命令输出信息描述 ....................................................................................... 4-30 表4-7 display bgp peer log-info命令输出信息描述 ....................................................................................... 4-31 表4-8 display bgp group命令输出信息描述 .................................................................................................. 4-32 表4-9 display bgp routing-table命令输出信息描述 ....................................................................................... 4-32 表4-10 display bgp network命令显示说明 .................................................................................................... 4-33 表4-11 display bgp paths命令输出信息描述 ................................................................................................. 4-34 表4-12 display ip routing-table protocol bgp命令显示说明 .......................................................................... 4-35

文档版本 03 (2007-03-15) 华为技术有限公司 v

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