清华大学本科毕业论文--跨文化交际能力在商务英语口语教学中的应用

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

清华大学

本科毕业论文（设计）

The Application of Cross-cultural Communication Ability in Oral English

题

作学专学

目

中的运用

Teaching

跨文化交际能力在商务英语流域教学

者 院 业 号

指导教师

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

二〇一六年一月一日

清华大学本科毕业论文（设计）诚信声明

本人声明：所呈交的本科毕业论文（设计），是本人在指导老师的指导下，独立开展工作所取得的成果，成果不存在知识产权争议，除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本论文不含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或创作过的作品成果。对本文工作做出重要贡献的个人和集体均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。

科毕业论文（设计）作者签名：

二○一六 年一 月 一 日

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

ABSTRACT

The traditional methods of English teaching in China ignore cultivate the student’s cross-cultural consciousness, whichlead to cross-cultural communication ability is low. We should change the student’s thinking mode and pay attention to cultivate student’s cross-cultural consciousness.In the class, it should combination of both language teaching and culture teaching and try to explore the profound of language culture civilization，also ithave to strengthening the student’sunderstanding and the sensitivity of the target language culture. This article focused on the relationshipof cross-cultural communication and Oral English Teaching, On the one hand, Cross-Cultural Communication plays an important role in Oral English Teaching. On the other hand, Oral English Teachingcan promote the Cross-Cultural communication ability’s enhancement. Our oral English teaching should be closely related the development direction of English teaching, and spare no effort to cultivatequality of international communication.

Keywords:Cross-Cultural Communication Ability; Oral Business English; Language Habits

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

摘 要

我国传统英语教学忽视了对学生的跨文化差异意识的培养,导致跨文化交际能力普遍较低。应该改变学生的思维方式,注重学生的跨文化差异意识的培养,在课堂教学中,把语言教学和文化教学结合起来,并努力探索深厚的语言文化修养,加强学生的理解和目标语言文化的敏感性。本文专注于跨文化交际和英语口语教学的关系,一方面,跨文化交际在英语口语教学中起着重要的作用。另一方面,英语口语教学,进而可以促进跨文化交际能力的提高。我们的英语口语教学应该密切相关英语教学的发展方向,和培养国际交流素质人才和不断努力。 关键词：跨文化交际能力； 语言习惯； 商务英语口语教学

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

Contents

清华大学本科毕业论文（设计）诚信声明 ............................................ 2 ABSTRACT ............................................................................................... 3 摘要 ............................................................................................................. 4 Introduction ............................................................ 错误！未定义书签。 Chapter 1 Cross-Cultural Comumunication Ability ............................. 7

1.1 The Importance of Cross-Cultural Communication .................................... 8 1.2 The Relationship of Cross-Culture Communication and Oral English Teachig

....................................................................................................... 10

Visual .............................................................................................. 11

1.3 The Importance of Cross-Cultural Communication Ability From The Global

Chapter 2 The Differences of Chinese and Western Countries …….13

2.1 Differences in Value ........................................................................... 13 2.2 Cutural Diffrences between Chinese and Western .................................... 14

2.2.1 The Difference of Language Habits……………………………………………….12 2.2.2 The Difference of No-verbal Habits…………………………………. 12

Chapter 3 The Analysis of Current Oral Business English TeacherPresent Situation ....................................................................... 16

3.1 The Current Business Oral English Teaching Meodl ................................ 16 3.2 The Shortage of Cureent English Teaching ............ 错误！未定义书签。

Chapter4 The Cultivate Strategy of International Communication Ability in the Business Oral English Teaching……………………….18 Conclusion ............................................................................................... 19

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

Bibliography ............................................................................................ 20

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

Introduction

Along with the increase of foreign communication and the integrate of the world economic , foreign language (especially English) hot in our country. Gradually get rid of “Dumb English” has been attracted more and more attention, present a gratifying progress in all aspects. In recent years, research continuous, the oral English teachingemphasis onoral English teaching practice exploration (Wang Tong in 1993;ZhaoJing in 2001;Pearson in2000), oral test and the training oral English ability.

At the same time, There is a noticeable question is: When a lot of English learners in communicating with foreigners, owing to lacking the understanding of the different cultural backgroundandthe difference of west cultural ,which fails to achieve the same goal, even thoughthey are fluently communication with English .The worst it is embarrassing situation that have communication problem with each other.

As a emerging subject, in the study of cross-cultural communication, more and more scholars began to study intercultural communication in our country under the background of a wider range of theoretical issues. According to the theory and practice, the domestic related research shows that pay a little attention to cross-cultural communicationability which around English teaching and its cultivation.Based on the defectsof cross-cultural communication ability and they are reasons .Finally put forward the teaching methods and strategies of cultivating student’s cross-cultural communicationability which was in the oral businessEnglish Teaching.

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

Chapter 1 Cross-Cultural Communication

Ability

Cross-cultural communication ability means that a ability when all the people carry on trade which under the differences in language and culture background ,.Ruben (1976) proposed the cross-cultural ability includes at least sevenprinciple: 1) respect for every people and maintain a positive attitude; 2) treat others with descriptive words, rather than criticism; 3) awareness; understand the differences of knowledge ,emotion and opinions; 4) can be analyze problem from others perspective in different situations; 5) can be plays a different role; 6) can accurately sure the needs of each otherbased on the interaction,; 7) face to the new situation is not intentionally to escape, but quickly adapt to the environment changes.From the perspective of social psychology, Gold think that the core of cross-cultural communication ability is adaptability, which reflects in the cognitive aspects.it includesopenness ,complexity and diversity of ideas and the ability of understanding in different environment etc.jiayu Xin (1997) proposed the cross-cultural communication ability includes pragmatic ability , planning ability and strategic ability.G. (1999) proposed the cross-cultural communicationability divided intocross-cultural ability and communication ability.

Gardner (2000) proposed the cross-cultural communication ability divided into points and unitsfrom the perspective of philosophical, the first basic orientation is the social subject, the latter orientation is specific communication skills and methods, in general, cross-cultural communicationabilityrather a single than a complex culture communication ability.

1.1 The Important of Cross-Cultural Communication

Cross-cultural communication means that communication between native speakers and non-native speakers , also refers topeople communication between any differences in language and difference in culture background .Because different nations in different ecological, material ,social and religious environment ,whichlead to different language habits, Social cultural and customs in their language environment. different cultural backgrounds cause people in different speak ways or

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

habits. therefore, people always like to talk with his own way to explain the others word, it could make inaccurate inference to the other person's words, resulting in a conflict and failure. In recent years, With the speeding up of reform and opening-up ,exchange with foreign countries become more and more important and the communication between countries is becoming more and more widely.Especially the social informatization, the opening of the national Internet makes more and more people involved cross-cultural communication at home. The change of era and the request, it is why so many language teachers have a interest in it.

Study the problems of cross-cultural communication, it’s really have a great practical significancefor our English teaching .It is the English teaching not only teach the language knowledge, but more important is to cultivate students communication ability,

cultivate

their

ability

of

applying

English

tocross-cultural

communication.Only learn a foreign language , grammar rules and master a certain amount of vocabulary,It can’t mean that you could smoothly communicateuse cross-cultural communication ability

In cross-cultural communication, if both sides of communication can't go into a unified cultural background, is prone to don't understand or misunderstanding, so that the communication failure There is difference between different people of different cultures, especially in the social culture, there are big differences between east and west, this bring certain difficulties to our learning and correct English Sometimes the same word, for the same name, for the same gestures, the same word, the understanding of the British and American people in the understanding of the Chinese is different So our English teaching, almost from the first day began to contact things cultural differences between the two kinds of communication problems In fact, the fundamental purpose of English teaching is to achieve intercultural communication

In order to communicate with people from different cultural backgrounds Large area to comprehensively improve the efficiency and quality of English teaching, greatly improve the students' English application ability, is not only an urgent demand for China's national economic development, is also a cross-century an urgent task of English teaching in China

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

1.2 The Relationship of Cross-Culture Communication and Oral English Teaching

First of all, intercultural communication plays an important role in oral English teaching In China, people of the importance of cross-cultural communication in oral English teaching is still relatively low Will they think, as long as a foreign language, and the rest by common sense Can solve by habit under the background of Chinese culture belong to the common sense of language, in under the background of a foreign language belong to not common sense; In a culture belongs to the very polite words, in another culture may be seen as rude words; A culture of people with reverence uttered, another culture might understand into is a belt under insult; Take Chinese habit to set of foreign language, sometimes set right, sometimes it will set the wrong language is the product of culture, it has a profound cultural connotation, and different objects, in what kind of situation, how to express an idea, is closely related to the cultural background How to say Sometimes is more important than what to say

Second, the oral English teaching, in turn, can promote the improvement of intercultural communication ability This is because foreign language teaching is not only teach language knowledge, more important is to cultivate students' communicative ability, cultivate their ability of applying language in intercultural communication Starting from this meaning, the cross-cultural education in foreign language teaching as a ring is more appropriate Then, we also can say oral English teaching is one of the important ways to cultivate students' cross-cultural communication ability In the process of concrete practice of college English teaching, the students through the use of English to discuss or talk with each other, can strengthen language input and reserve, so as to enrich the social and cultural knowledge, enhance the appropriateness of language consciousness, improve the ability of oral communication In the advanced stage of oral English teaching, the knowledge and culture, then you can focus on the import does not directly affect the accurate information of the culture of the language and non-language factors, from the deep of Chinese and western cultural differences, to introduce Chinese and western thinking mode values communicative relationship and cognitive behavior

In short, on the one hand, cross-cultural communication is very important part of oral English teaching, to improve oral English ability is not able to leave the cross-cultural communication; Depth of college English teaching, on the other hand, also can, in turn, promote cross-cultural communication ability, through the practice

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

of oral English can be further cultivate cross-cultural communication skills and enhance the knowledge of language and culture differences Therefore, cross-cultural communication and oral English teaching is complementary to each other, inseparable Therefore, business English teaching for English majors, especially business English major students cross-cultural communication ability plays an extremely important role

1.3 TheImportance of

Cross-CulturalCommunicationAbilityFromGlobalVision

Along with the further strengthening of globalization trend, the social information degree of words, growing multinational enterprises and projects in China China's economy has experienced the reform and opening up 30 years of development, gradually from introduction to mode to go out and development pattern In foreign economic activity under the background of vigorous development, more and more people need to work in a multinational culture atmosphere of learning and life of Chinese in the practical application of English ability is very weak, its basic reason lies in the traditional English teaching with social evolution and development of The Times Therefore, in terms of the English scholars in China, and the ultimate level of the ability of communication also depends on the level of the ability of cross-cultural communication

So more and more frequent cross-cultural communication and so on into people's horizons The so-called cross-cultural communication, is information encoding and decoding process is interpersonal communication and interaction with different cultural background It involves all aspects of culture, language and behavior patterns, and involved in communication On spiritual level, he notice the specific culture under the background of world view, and values; Words on the external performance, it embodied in a non-verbal communicative behavior Intercultural communicative competence refers to the for successful cross-cultural communication required by the language communication ability Nonverbal communicative competence Language and communicative rules of transformation and cultural adaptation ability of comprehensive ability Under the background of globalization, do a good job in English teaching the important purpose is to convert language ability to cross-cultural communication ability To do this, train their consciousness of cultural communication,

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

reasonable culture import and build communicative teaching mode can be ignored

Since reform and opening up, with the rapid development of China's economy, business English has attracted people's interest in traditional business English teaching basic knowledge are in accordance with the English + business model, business culture training and awareness of cultural education Even in practice, they will not automatically with the help of mother tongue language rules communication habit way of thinking and cultural background to express ideas, for communication, and clashed with the different cultural factors, lead to communication misunderstandings, a direct impact on business communication and business activities of the final result

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

Chapter 2 The Differences of Chinese and

Western Countries

2.1 Differences in Value

The so-called values, is to judge right and wrong standard, he drew people's behavior to a certain direction Values, therefore, constitutes the backbone of cultural and social structure For belonging to a certain culture, what good behavior, what behavior is bad, is dominated by the value through verbal or nonverbal behavior patterns, often can peep out a cultural values In the process of cross-cultural communication, for hidden in the deep cultural values cannot be avoided, and people is through the understanding of the different values, to deepen the understanding of intercultural communication, this is because the problems appeared in the process of cross-cultural communication, is often different values when opposing sides In language education in the process of teaching and the cross-cultural communication, understand and grasp the purpose and the national cultural values, etc., help to eliminate cultural differences caused by communication barriers, guarantee the communication smoothly

As a cultural core values, the impact on the culture plays an important role, it is people's behavior rules in any culture way of thinking cognitive criterion to philosophy, deductive reasoning model comments things the specification of the moral standard, so in the language, nowhere not embody the values Chinese and western two cultures have different manners evaluation standards and the implementation strategy of the han culture manners Rooted in the tradition of the Confucian ritual, emphasize to demote statue of people and the doctrine of the mean, advocate modesty; While western culture is under the influence of western freedom and equality thought tradition, emphasis on individual and personal value, advocating personal confidence and be practical and realistic attitude of different cultural psychology and polite way affect the cross-cultural communication in English and Chinese languages If some of the han culture that extremely polite polite words into English conversation, such as Please visit and so on, is only English speakers is puzzled by the words of the people Do follow the rule of modesty, but will affect the communication smoothly

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

2.2 Cultural Differences between Chinese and Western

Business activities is a kind of cultural communication Countries have different cultural background, if you don't understand each other's culture, and expressed according to their own cultural connotation, will lead to cultural conflict, lead to the failure of the business activities In business negotiations, for example to illustrate the role of culture in business activities Business negotiation is an important part of business activities, play a key role in the successful negotiators from different countries and have different cultural background, if don't understand each other's culture does not make sense in advance of cross-cultural communication and the ability to cross-cultural communication, perhaps because of tiny link

Specifically, the rhetoric of Chinese businessmen indirect obscure, halfback, unable to hide my anger, even strong dissatisfaction with the other request is considered to be polite and respect and calm sometimes the answer in silence All this reflects the most obvious way of negotiation little big after the first time, the buyer and the seller shall abide by the principle of agreement and common sense This is mainly influenced by han culture, thinking mode is the result of the overall orientation, who, from the general situation, the green channel The American character is bold and unrestrained With confidence, pay attention to the logical relationship between things, history, political and economic status has a close relationship with the United States Americans these characteristics fully penetrating in business negotiations, they are energetic, can quickly will negotiate substantial stage, rarely spend a lot of time to discuss major issues such as the principle, don't like this long negotiations Therefore, businessmen should avoid using their own culture, foreign culture in business negotiations, should be proficient in foreign cultural background, to master the characteristics of the negotiation, so the active position in the negotiation, the concrete body

2.2.1 The Differences of Language Habits

Call the custom Euphemism when in Rome, do as the Romans do three aspects are most errors and cause misunderstanding For example one of teacher education in the United States, he to call her girl, and as a result, each other very embarrassed This case shows that should consider when calling each other each other's cultural

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

background, the word girl in the United States is synonymous with childish ignorance With the girl described the female adult very offended In addition in the use of three types of your respectful name, Mrs And miss Mr Li to collectively; Professional academic rank position or rank title; Members of the royal family and nobles specific terms should be according to the other country's culture to place the title of the position When it comes to do as the Romans do That he mentioned in Chinese and English, please do while in meaning is please, but in the context of specific not according to the literal meaning to understand and use, and the expression of euphemism Are more should avoid influenced by Chinese, such as you should go first Can't use this sentence you go first and should say don t bother waiting for me

2.2.2 The Differences of No-verbal Habits

Non-verbal communication is mainly from the handshake etiquette, eye contact, gestures, facial expressions in four aspects. Give firm handshakes, shaking hands with a smile each other's eyes, not absent-minded. Eye contact is introduced, using \\\stay triangle\\\skill can relax the communicators feels natural. In addition, the sign language as an important kind of silent language, different nationalities, different countries of the same gestures can mean roughly the same or similar, also may be very different, so be careful, avoid to use gestures on important occasions. As a thumbs-up praise in China, of course, in South Korea say the palm of your hand, father; Ok gesture in the United States said no problem, but said the money in Japan, in the Middle East are gay.

With the continuous development of international communication, scholars from different Angle discusses the phenomenon and the factors of cross-cultural activities. In cross-cultural communication activity, the appropriate use of language not only reflects the size of the speaker language ability, and can make communication more effective, better achieve the communicative purpose, can promote the harmonious interpersonal relationship.

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

Chapter 4 The Cultivate Strategy of International Communication Ability in the

Business Oral English Teaching

4.1 Teaching strategies

1. Combining with the training target, change the teaching idea

Teaching guiding ideology and training target, on the basis of clear communication is the purpose of business English teaching under different business environment and cultural background of foreign businessmen. Emphasizes the important role of cultural factors in foreign-related activities, the target language cultural awareness training the teacher's teaching and student learning goals. Teachers themselves should have a strong sense of culture and cultural knowledge self-restraint, to better help students to understand the business culture of English countries. The difference between mother tongue and target language culture, which requires teachers to improve their own cultural knowledge and cultural awareness, really understand the purpose of culture teaching. In the aspect of knowledge, teachers should constantly improve their own cultural knowledge comprehensive system. Mastering the common cultural knowledge, and understand the specific culture and the similarities and differences between different cultures, especially using the target language in different cultural background, have accurate understanding, at the same time, the purpose of culture teaching to teach cultural knowledge you don't get confused and intercultural communicative competence.

2. The import of cross-cultural awareness in the classroom teaching, pay attention to culture teaching

Business English classroom teaching, the teacher language in addition to imparting professional knowledge, but should also develop the students' social and cultural consciousness and ability, let them understand the difference between Chinese and western culture. Classroom teaching content and real language materials (real), on the basis of transmission business contacts and etiquette to all students, different commercial values and negotiation style and cultural differences, language and non-verbal form to explain in the western countries or introduce, access, banquet, farewell, factors such as social culture, help students to improve the accuracy of

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

language form in penetration, pay attention to the appropriateness of language application for intercultural sensitivity. In business oral English, business English writing, business communication, business negotiation course combined with the actual teaching content to students cultural awareness, pay attention to culture teaching, strengthen the students to learn cultural knowledge.

3. The student-centered teaching mode, cultivate communicative competence

Business English teaching demonstrate the characteristics of business English communication, we must adhere to the student-centered teaching mode, teachers can only be in a supporting role. Teaching method should reflect flexibility, diversity and interesting. Language acquisition and many method can according to the actual situation of the teaching and the teaching purpose, such as the situational teaching method (situation), task teaching method (task) and cognitive methods (cognitive method). Simulated business environment in the teaching, especially with the multicultural communication environment, lets the student complete communicative tasks in the business environment, it can stimulate students' interest in learning, the development of creative thinking, the cultivation of the better cross-cultural awareness, improve the ability of cross-cultural communication.

4. The use of modern teaching means, enrich teaching mode

For business English teaching with the rapid development of modern education technology provides many teaching methods, rich teaching mode, broadening the teaching software in a chart, text, sound, can greatly arouse the enthusiasm of students learning, the Internet also provides students with more rich cultural learning resources; Virtual communities, help to develop the students' ability of cross-cultural personalization. In the actual teaching, the teacher can use a variety of channels, let students understand the history of the world, culture, local conditions and customs, such as the use of original English films and TV, to listen to, saying that the teaching material, can be used as a commonly used method in business English course. Material of film and television material widely, including the different cultural background, social status, role relationship and emotional expression, can provide more cultural information, material, through the study of film and television students not only improve the language ability, and deepen the understanding of English national culture. Teacher, when the use of modern teaching devices and to organize the classroom teaching, multimedia teaching means can greatly cultivate students interest in cultural knowledge, guide students to understand cultural differences,

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

understanding the cultural connotation, to cultivate cross-cultural communication activity.

5. To cultivate students the consciousness of active learning and self-improvement

Rely too much on teachers in the teaching activities, students lack of learning autonomy, students learning culture is a big problem. In classroom teaching, teachers should encourage students to use of extra-curricular time to strengthen the learning of Chinese and western cultural knowledge, improve the ability of cross-cultural communication. Such as Britain and American students use their spare time to reading, watching English movies, learn English national politics, history, customs, the knowledge of the local conditions and customs, etc. In addition, teachers in training students to master language knowledge and cultural knowledge at the same time, should also emphasize the students' ability to generalize knowledge.

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

Conclusion

Business oral English as a compulsory course for English majors, its teaching goal is to foster good business English oral communication ability of the composite business talents, therefore, business English oral English teaching should be the language teaching and culture teaching organically, in addition to training students to master the solid oral English language knowledge and business skills, the cultivation of the ability of cross-cultural communication in business English teaching should get more attention, so that students in oral communication, have certain cognition to the cultural differences, tolerance and adaptability, to avoid cultural barriers in business communication, and better to achieve effective communication.

清华大学本科生毕业论文(设计)

Bibliography

Domyei,Z.2001 Motovational Strategies in the Language Classroom[M].Cambridge University Press(3):47-50.

Hughes,A.2010.Testing for Language Teachers[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press (2):11-15.

Lenartowicz , J. J. T & A. S. 2006. Cross-cultural competence in international business: toward a

definition and a model[J]. Journal of International Business (37): 525-543.

Mitchell, C. 2000. International Business Culture[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language education Press(10):53-56.

何维湘，2003，商务英语教学与跨文化交际[J]，《吉林商业学院学报》(2)：15-16。 胡文仲，2012，《跨文化交际与英语学习》[M]，上海：上海译文出版社(3)：20-24。 胡文仲，2014，《垮文化交际学概念》 [M]，北京：外语教学与研究出版社(4)：47-50。 贾玉新，2013，《跨文化交际学》[M]，上海：上海外语教育出版社(2)：15-17。 匡玉梅，2015，《现代交际学》[M]，北京:中国旅游出版社(9)：21-23。 林大津，2012，《文化交际研究》[M]，福州：福建人民出版社(5)：33-36。

王振亚，2013，《跨文化交往为目的的外语教学》[M]，北京：北京语言大学出版社(9)： 2-4。

袁昌寰，2014，英语教学与学生跨文化交际能力的培养[J]，《课程教材教法》(8)：43-46。

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/yhtx.html