《寻找特洛伊》讲稿

《寻找特洛伊》讲稿

出生于公元前七百年的诗人荷马告诉我们一个传说，这是一个关于爱与战争的故事。很久以前，特洛伊城的王子帕里斯与世界上最美丽的女人，也就是希腊的皇后海伦私奔。他带她返回达达尼尔，希腊率领一千艘船报复，为首的是阿伽门农，也就是迈锡尼国王。十年来，两边在城前对战，双方都有战士死伤，希腊有阿基里斯，特洛伊有赫克托。最终希腊设诡计将士兵藏在木马，并打开城门，将特洛伊城焚毁，人民被大肆屠杀，成为战争的受害者。

The story as we know it is told by the poet Homer,who may have lived around 700 BC.It is a tale of love and war.Long ago,a prince of Troy,Paris,eloped with a Greek queen,Helen,the most beautiful woman in the world.He took her back to Troy.The Greeks followed with a thousand ships to take revenge.Their leader was Agamemnon,king of Mycenae.For ten years they fought in the plain before the city.The heroes of both sides were killed.The Greek Achilles,the Trojan Hector.The city was finally entered by the famous trick of the wooden horse,inside which the Greeks hid armed men.Troy was burned,its people slaughtered,sharing the fate of all victims of war.

但是特洛伊战争的传说又是否真有其事？德国的考古学家施里曼相信。他是首个进行这探索行动的人，后世都追随他这个步伐。他说他八岁起就以找到特洛伊城为人生目标。就连他的感情生活也受荷马影响，他娶了一个了解荷马并愿意陪他寻找理想的希腊姑娘。在

1873年，他梦想成真，他发现了特洛伊遗址。但是，由于他挖的太深，他把更早时期的特洛伊遗址当成了荷马描述的特洛伊。施里曼的助手德普菲尔德非常幸运，在1890年，他在第6层遗址发现了迈锡尼陶瓷，换句话说荷马的特洛伊就在那里。他也发现了劫掠的痕迹。但是，一个美国考古学家，布利根发现特洛伊是毁于一场地震，大约在公元前1240年左右。随后他把注意力转移到特洛伊的继任城市。地震过后，幸存者重建家园。但布利根发现情况并不好。城市被小木屋所充斥。进一步他指出，特洛伊经受了两次灾难，一次是地震，大约80年后，另一次是人为。海上民族于公元前1180年左右劫掠了重建的特洛伊并焚毁了它。

But whether the legend of the Trojan War was true?The German archaeologist Schliemann believed.He defined the search，fired the generations who came after him.He said he made finding the Troy as the goal of his life when he was eight.Even his love life became a step towards that ultimate goal of proving Homer true,he married a Greek girl who knew her Homer and who would accompany him on his quest.At 1873,his dream came true ,he found the Troy ruins.But , As he dug too deep，he took the earlier period Troy ruins as Homer’s Troy. Schliemann's assistant,Dorpfeld,he was very lucky.At 1890,he found Mycenaean pottery at the sixth level of ruins.In other words,the Homer’s Troy was there.He also found the traces of sack.But, an American

archaeologist,Blegen found the Troy was destroyed by an earthquake

around 1240 BC.Then,his attention focused on the successor city.After the earthquake,the survivors had rebuilt their city.But Blegen detected signs that all was not well. The city was blocked with shanties.Furthermore,he thought the Troy had suffered two

disasters.The first by an earthquake.Then after about 80 years,the second by the hand of man. The sea peoples sacked the Reconstruction Troy and burned it around the year 1180 BC.

现在我们做个结论。在青铜时代，达达尼尔海岸，有一个城市，可能叫特洛伊。她全盛的时候，拥有坚固的城墙和高雅的大宅，是整个爱琴海世界最美丽的城市，在山顶上更有一座非凡的城堡，它由强大的皇室统治，既自信又有财富，在城墙后面屹立了五百年之久。在公元前1240年陷落，发掘者说是因为地震所致，但我认为是地震与入侵者同时出现引起。且看往后发生的事吧，重建后特洛伊布满简陋的木屋和施粥场，所以定有比地震更恐怖的事情发生过。特洛伊的皇室成员好像全被灭绝，特洛伊被洗劫过。最大的嫌疑犯首推迈锡尼人，他们侵略城市，洗劫财宝，掳劫妇女，在整个爱琴海世界一边侵略一边通商，而这些故事就由诗人向后世传颂。为此我认为特洛伊战争是真有其事。后来特洛伊重建，但只有数十年之久，大概在公元前1180年，她被从海而来的入侵者洗劫，小木屋被烧毁，街道上更布满尸体，故事就这样告终。

Now we make a conclusion.In the Bronze Age,on the shores of the Dardanelles,there was a city,Perhaps it was called Troy.In its heyday,it

was the most beautiful city in the Aegean world,with fine walls,elegant mansions,and surely a marvellous place on the top of the hill.It was ruled by a vigorous and able royal family,confident and wealthy,it went its own way for 500 years,safe behind its walls.This city fell around 1240 BC.To an earthquake,the excavators said,but it might be an earthquake and the sack of a city both came at the same time.Just look at what happened afterwards.The place was rebuilt,but in a very jerry-built way,packed with shanties.Something worse had happened to Troy than a mere earthquake.What it looks like is that the royal family had been exterminated.Troy had been sacked.The chief candidates surely are the Mycenaeans.Those sackers of cities,seizers of treasure and women, who followed up their trading throughout the Aegean word with

aggression.And those stories must have been sung by Mycenaean bards before the fall of their world.So I think the Trojan War did happen.The poor successor city Troy eked out its existence for a few decades and then around the year 1180 BC was sacked by the sea peoples,its shanties burned and the bodies left unburied in the streets.A sad end to the story.But the Troy has immortality for Helen、Agamemnon、Hector and Achilles.Thank for your attention.

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