高考英语二轮专题训练：专题一单项填空板块三含答案

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板块三 │ 语境类

时态、语态

1.My washing machine ________ this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.(2018·天津高考) A.was repaired C.is being repaired

B.is repaired D.has been repaired

答案 C [根据“因此我不得不用手洗衣服”可知，洗衣机此时“正在被维修”，应该用现在进行时的被动语态。]

2.—Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven’t seen you around. —Hello, Peter.I’m Bob.I just ________ on Monday.(2018·北京高考) A.start C.started

B.have started D.had started

答案 C [——你好，我是彼得。你是新来的吗？我没见过你。——你好，彼得。我是鲍勃。我星期一才开始(在这工作)的。根据语境可知，此处用一般过去时，表示过去某一特定的时间(on Monday)发生的事。]

3.Susan had quit her well-paid job and ________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.(2018·北京高考) A.is working C.has worked

B.was working D.had worked

答案 B [句意：苏珊辞去了她的高薪工作，去年我去拜访她时，她在社区作义工。根据语境可知，此处表示过去某段时间内正在发生的事，所以用过去进行时。] 4.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ in the mountains for two days.(2018·北京高考) A.are trapping C.were trapping

B.have been trapped D.had been trapped

答案 D [句意：一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了两名被困在山区两天的游

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客。根据语境可知，此处应用被动语态，且此处表示在过去动作risked his life之前完成的动作，即“过去的过去”，所以用过去完成时。]

5.—________ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday? —Yes.They are happy with it.(2017·北京高考) A.Did you call C.Will you call

B.Have you called D.Were you calling

答案 A [句意：你昨天有没有给那家公司打电话问问他们对我们的产品感觉怎么样？发生在过去，用过去式，故选A。]

6.In the 1950s in the USA，most families had just one phone at home，and wireless phones ________ yet.(2017·北京高考) A.haven’t invented C.hadn’t invented

B.haven’t been invented D.hadn’t been invented

答案 D [句意：在美国20世纪50年代的时候，大多数的家庭家里只有一部电话，并且无线电话还根本没有发明出来。根据句意可知用被动语态，排除A和C，事情发生在过去，与现在无关，排除B，故选D。] 【名师点睛】

动词的时态与语态是两个非常重要的语法范畴，构成了英语语法的基本框架，几乎所有动词的考查都必须借助于时态和语态来完成。高考试题在考查时态和语态的同时，还兼顾其他语法内容的测试，比如各种从句、强调句、倒装句等，其交叉式和复合式的特点尤为明显。其考点主要包括：

1.注重在语境中考查常见时态的区别，如一般过去时与现在完成时、一般现在时(过去时)与现在(过去)进行时的区别等。要求准确判断动作和时间的关系，正确理解时间概念，如是现在、过去还是将来，是时间段、时间点还是时间瞬间。 2.遵循“情景立意”和“能力立意”的原则，考查在状语从句等特定语言环境中时态的代替。要求吃透语境，摸清命题人的意图，善于捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息，克服汉语式的惯性思维。

3.把语态与时态结合在一起，进行综合考查。各种常用时态的被动语态的构成，仍是高考命题的热点之一，而且题干中有效信息越来越隐蔽，试题难度呈现加大的趋势。要求明确谓语动词与主语的关系，分清是主动还是被动。

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4.考查主动形式表示被动意义。对语境理解能力的要求逐步提高，且要重视有特殊用法的动词的运用。

情态动词和虚拟语气

1.They might have found a better hotel if they ________ a few more kilometers.(2018·北京高考) A.drove C.were to drive

B.would drive D.had driven

答案 D [句意：如果他们再开几公里，他们可能会找到更好的旅馆。根据语境可知，此处表示对过去事实的假设，从句中应该用过去完成时。]

2.I can’t find my purse.I ________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure.(2018·天津高考) A.should leave C.might leave

B.must have left D.could have left

答案 D [根据本空所在句子的时间状语判断，此处叙述过去发生的动作；下文说“我不太肯定”，因此表示不肯定的语气，应用“情态动词could/might/may＋have done”结构，因此选D。]

3.In today’s information age, the loss of data ________ cause serious problems for a company.(2018·北京高考) A.need C.can

B.should D.must

答案 C [句意：在今天的信息时代，数据的丢失可能会给公司带来严重的问题。根据语境可知，此处用can表示“可能会”。] 4.—Do you have Betty’s phone number?

—Yes.Otherwise，I________able to reach her yesterday.(2017·天津高考) A.hadn’t been C.weren’t

B.wouldn’t have been D.wouldn’t be

答案 B [句意：“你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？”“有。否则我昨天就联系不到她了。”此处otherwise(否则)相当于一个条件状语从句，由yesterday可知本句对

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过去进行虚拟，由此可以判断出主句谓语用wouldn’t have done，故选B。] 5.It might have saved me some trouble ________ the schedule.(江苏高考) A.did I know C.do I know

B.have I known D.had I known

答案 D [句意：要是早知道时间表的话，可能会省去我一些麻烦。由句意和might have saved可知，句子用了虚拟语气。本句表示与过去事实相反的情况，故从句谓语用had known。if引导的非真实条件句中含有were，had，should时，可将它们提到主语之前，并将if省略。]

6.It was sad to me that they，so poor themselves，________ bring me food.(江苏高考) A.might C.should

B.would D.could

答案 C [句意：他们自己那么穷，________给我带来了食物，这让我(感动得)心里不好受。should可以用在that引导的从句中，跟在某些形容词或动词之后，表示“竟然，居然”，带有惊讶的语气。故选C项。might可能，或许，可以；would(过去)总是，愿意；could能够，或许。] 【名师点睛】

情态动词的用法复杂多变，在高考试题中占的比重一直比较稳定，每年总有一至两个题，可以单独考查，也可以结合虚拟语气考查。命题者常常利用语境和句子之间意义上的细微差别来考查考生对情态动词的理解和掌握，难度也保持较为稳定的趋势。其考点主要包括：

1.考查情态动词的基本用法。如： can和could的用法及区别； will和would的用法及区别； must的用法； shall用于不同人称时的用法和should的各种用法； need的用法等。

2.考查情态动词的“推测”功能。如：can，could，may，might，must 皆可表示推测，使用时要注意以下几点：

(1)注意语气。语气较强用must，cannot，couldn’t; 语气较弱用may，might或can，could；

(2)注意句式。在肯定句中，一般用may，might，must; 在否定句、疑问句中常

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用can，could；

(3)注意时态。表示对现在或将来的情况的推测，此时通常用“情态动词＋动词原形”结构； 表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测，通常用“情态动词＋进行体”结构； 表示对过去情况的推测，通常用“情态动词＋完成体”结构。 3.考查情态动词的特殊用法。如：

(1)cannot/can’t与too/over/enough/perfectly/sufficiently 等词连用，意为“越……越……”“无论怎样……，……也不为过”“决不会……，……够(过)”。 (2)cannot wait to do sth意为“急于做某事”。

(3)would和used to的区别； can 和be able to的区别。

(4)“may/might well＋动词原形”意为“理应，有足够的理由”； “may/might as well＋动词原形”意为“还不如，不妨，还是……的好”。

(5)must意为“偏要，硬要”； can用在肯定句中，可以表示客观上的可能性； shall用在法律、条约、协定等文件中可以表示义务、规定等； should表示估计或推测上的“应该”，意为“可能，该，估计，按理应当”； will 可以表示习惯性和倾向性，意为“惯于，老是，终归是”等。

(6)在句型 it is (high) time that中，从句谓语动词常用过去时态……或should＋动词原形(should不能省略)表示虚拟语气。

4.考查虚拟语气在各种从句以及隐含、混合等句中的运用。如：wish，as if/though，if only，would rather，otherwise，without等。 5.考查虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的倒装现象。

交际用语

1.—I’m moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help. —________.Just let me know when, and I’ll be there.(2018·天津高考) A.You bet C.Forget it

B.It depends D.No kidding

答案 A [对方提出求助，空后一句给出了肯定的回答，那么本空应该用表示肯定回答的选项，you bet表示“当然，的确”，符合语境。] 2.—Wasn’t Joan supposed to be here by now?

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—________.She will be here in about twenty minutes.(2018·天津高考) A.All right C.No wonder

B.Don’t worry D.Enjoy yourself

答案 B [从对话语境看，前一问句显然含有责备的语气，后面回答说“大约二十分钟之后她就来了”。因此本空选B “别着急”。] 3.—Michael was late for Mr.Smith’s chemistry class this morning.

—________？ As far as I know，he never came late to class.(2017·天津高考) A.So what C.Who cares

B.Why not D.How come

答案 D [句意：“今天上午斯密斯老师的化学课上迈克尔迟到了。”“怎么会呢？据我所知，他上课从不迟到。”A.那又怎么样呢；B.为什么不呢；C.谁在意呢；D.怎么会呢。根据语境，故选D。] 4.—Are you sure you’re ready for the best?

—________.I’m well prepared for it.(2016·浙江高考) A.I’m afraid not C.Hard to say

B.No problem D.Not really

答案 B [句意：“你确定为考试做好准备了吗？”“没问题(no problem)，我准备好了。”No problem意为“没问题”，符合语境。I’m afraid not恐怕没有；Hard to say 很难说；Not really不见得，不完全是。] 5.—Jim，can you work this Sunday?

—________？ I’ve been working for two weeks on end.(江苏高考) A.Why me C.What if

B.Why not D.So what

答案 A [句意：“吉姆，这个周日你可以上班吗？”“________？我已经连续工作两周了。”Why me？为什么是我？Why not？为什么不呢？What if？如果……怎么办？So what？那有什么关系？由I’ve been working...可感知回答者的不满，故空格处应是“为什么是我(Why me)”。] 6.—Why didn’t you invite John to your birthday party? —Well，you know he’s ________.(江苏高考) A.an early bird

B.a wet blanket

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C.a lucky dog D.a tough nut

答案 B [句意：“你为什么不邀请约翰参加你的生日聚会？”“哦，你知道他就会让人扫兴。”an early bird早起的人；a wet blanket扫兴的人或事；a lucky dog幸运儿；a tough nut难对付的人。根据didn’t you invite John可推断出，他是“令人扫兴的人(a wet blanket)”，故选B项。] 【名师点睛】

交际用语的考查点相对集中。主要考查社会交往中的一些日常交际用语。考查的方式以应答为主，提问为辅； 以跨文化交际中差异明显的交际项目为重点考查对象。其考点主要包括：

1.考查习惯应答语。许多情景对话中使用的是英美人的习惯用语。问候、告别、打电话、问路、看病、购物等常见的交际话题均有其较为固定的套语； 感谢、道歉、祝愿、请求亦有其固定的应答用语。考生必须用英美人的思维方式，遵循他们的习惯进行回答。交际用语常见的回答用语主要有以下几个方面： (1)常用于接受或拒绝请求、邀请的应答用语有：With pleasure./Yes，help yourself./No problem./Good idea./Sorry，but.../I’d rather you.../Thank you，but.../No way./Forget it.等。

(2)常用于感谢的应答用语有：That’s all right./You are welcome./Don’t mention it./It is my pleasure (My pleasure)./Not at all.等。

(3)常用于道歉的应答用语有：Never mind./It doesn’t matter./Not at all./That’s all right./That is nothing.等。

(4)常用于祝愿和祝贺的应答用语有：Good luck！/Best wishes to you！/Have a nice time！/Congratulations！/Merry Christmas！/Thank you！/The same to you！等。 2.考查文化差异语。汉语和英语在交际文化方面有许多共同之处，但也存在诸多差异。这些差异往往是考查的重中之重。避免母语交际定式的干扰，根据英语的文化交际习惯来应答是掌握文化差异的关键。

3.考查语言结构语。根据不同的交际情景，说话者会采用不同的交际用语来表达自己的态度和情感。当说话人对刚刚提出的说法或意见持肯定态度时，可以说：Yes，I think(suppose，believe)so./Yes，I’m afraid so.对刚刚提出的说法或意见持否定态度时，则说：No，I don’t think (suppose) so./No，I don’t believe so./No，I

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believe (suppose) not./No，I hope not./No，I am afraid not. [知识链接1] 常用交际用语 1.how could I...我怎么能……呢 2.not exactly不完全是这样 3.that’s for sure毫无疑问 4.I can’t remember it我想不起来 5.thanks anyway不管怎样还是要谢谢你 6.why not为什么不

7.you should know你该知道，你该明白这一点 8.that’s all right没关系，不要紧 9.it depends视情况而定 10.so what那又怎么样

11.do you think so你认为是这样吗 12.hurry up快点

13.why bother何必那么麻烦 14.by all means当然可以，好的 15.go ahead吃吧，做吧，说吧，干吧 16.you must be disappointed你肯定非常失望 17.well，not quite嗯，还不太像 18.then what然后怎么办 19.You did？你们确实如此吗？ 20.guess what你猜怎么着

21.oh，that would be great哦，那太好了 22.no problem没问题 23.I don’t mind我不介意 24.never mind没关系 25.so am I我也是

26.what a relief这下可放心了 27.it’s not the case事实并非如此

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28.no，that’s all不，就这些了 29.I really envy you我真的很羡慕你 30.of course当然可以

31.I couldn’t agree more我完全同意 32.you must be joking你肯定是开玩笑吧 33.don’t worry about it别担心了 34.it’s up to you这取决于你；你说了算 35.you too你也是 36.50 each每件50 37.it’s a pity太遗憾了

38.I don’t know我不知道(该怎么做) 39.so it is的确如此

40.take it easy别烦恼，不要生气 41.all right then那好吧 42.I have no idea我不知道 43.yes，indeed是的，确实是 44.how come怎么会

45.for here or to go在这里吃还是带走 46.I’m not sure我不确定

47.what can I do for you我能为你做点什么 48.let me see让我看一看 49.perfect完美

50.I hope I didn’t bother you我希望我没有打扰到你 51.as long as it doesn’t take long只要不花很长时间 52.you’re lucky你很幸运 53.but why但是为什么呢 54.good idea好主意

55.I’m not available today我今天没空 56.it is nothing这没什么

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57.no，thanks不，谢谢

58.well，I can do without it哦，没有它我也能做到 59.not really并非如此

60.I don’t think so我不这样认为 61.dear me天哪 62.that’s true的确如此 63.keep it up坚持下去 64.good for you好极了

65.I’ll make sure you get one我保证你会收到电话的 66.you’re not alone不止你自己这样 67.I’m in no hurry我不急

68.you can’t be serious你不会是当真的吧 69.congratulations祝贺 70.really真的吗 71.just go ahead用吧 72.oh，I’d like to哦，我愿意 73.I’d love to我想(多待一段时间) 74.it looks fine to me我觉得看上去不错 75.Nothing serious.没关系。 76.No，not much.不，没那么多。

77.No，what’s up？不，怎么了(出什么事了)? 78.I wouldn’t mind that.我很想那样做。 79.Come on in.进来吧。 80.Why me？为什么是我？ [知识链接2] 常见谚语或成语

1.Such kindness of warm sun，can’t be repaid by grass. 谁言寸草心？报得三春晖。

2.When the river rises，the boat floats high.水涨船高。 3.Time and tide wait for no man.时不我待。

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4.Break a butterfly on the wheel.杀鸡用牛刀。

5.Seek truth from facts./Be practical and realistic./Be true to facts.实事求是。 6.Talk of the devil and he comes.说曹操，曹操到。

7.Speak the plain truth；call a spade a spade；tell it as it is.实话实说。 8.Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth. 实践是检验真理的唯一标准。

9.No matter how high the mountain is，its name will spread far and wide if there is a fairy.山不在高，有仙则名。

10.hide one’s capacities and bide one’s time 韬光养晦 11.sugar-coated bullets 糖衣炮弹

12.Anything unexpected may happen./a bolt from the blue 天有不测风云。 13.Unity is strength.团结就是力量。

14.Even if one jumped into the Yellow River，he can not wash himself clean./There’s nothing one can do to clear his name.跳进黄河也洗不清。 15.unhealthy practices and evil phenomena歪风邪气 16.Birds of a feather flock together.物以类聚，人以群分。 17.The past has vanished (from memory) like wind.往事如风。 18.Hold high hopes for one’s child.望子成龙。

19.Misfortunes never come singly./When it rains，it pours.屋漏偏逢连阴雨。 20.military expertise；military strategy文韬武略 21.Draw water to one’s mill.唯利是图。

22.Water without a source，and a tree without roots. 无源之水，无本之木。

23.Make/Create something out of nothing.无中生有。

24.There are no waves without wind./There’s no smoke without fire.无风不起浪。 25.Bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends. 徇私枉法。

26.A new broom sweeps clean.新官上任三把火。

27.Modesty helps one go forward，whereas conceit makes one lag behind.虚心使人进

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步，骄傲使人落后。

28.Accumulate strength for a take-off.蓄势而发。 29.May all your wish come true.心想事成。

30.Have a tacit understanding./Give tacit consent./tacit understanding心照不宣。 31.First impressions are firmly entrenched.先入为主。 32.Catch the ball before the bound.先下手为强。 33.like an ant on a hot pan像热锅上的蚂蚁

34.Warn people by taking oneself as an example.现身说法。 35.Pour oil on troubled waters.息事宁人。 36.mingled hope and fear.喜忧参半。 37.step by step 循序渐进

38.Speed somebody on their way./Speed the parting guest.一路平安，一路顺风。 39.Be strict with oneself and lenient towards others. 严以律己，宽以待人。

40.All shall be well，and Jack shall have Jill.[谚]Lovers can one day be together.有情人终成眷属。

41.Money makes the mare go.有钱能使鬼推磨。 42.people of vision 有识之士

43.Use brawn rather than brain.有勇无谋。

44.Separated as we are thousands of miles apart，we come together as if by predestination.有缘千里来相会。 45.Advance with times.与时俱进。

46.people oriented/people foremost 以人为本

47.Teach students according to their aptitude.因材施教。

48.To ascend another storey to see a thousand miles further.欲穷千里目，更上一层楼。

49.Haste does not bring success.欲速则不达。 50.survival of the fittest 优胜劣汰 51.Great minds think alike.英雄所见略同。

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52.Better make friends than make enemies.冤家宜解不宜结。

53.cases in which people were unjustly，falsely or wrongly charged or sentenced/unjust，false or wrong cases冤假错案 54.A real man never goes back on his words. 一言既出，驷马难追。

55.Money and treasures will be plentiful.招财进宝。 56.become debt-ridden 债台高筑

57.Truth will come to light sooner or later.纸包不住火。 58.target of public criticism 众矢之的

59.Know the enemy and know yourself，and you can fight a hundred battles with no danger of defeat. 知己知彼，百战不殆。

60.an armchair strategist 纸上谈兵

61.A bad workman always blames his tools.不会撑船怪河弯。 62.Treat others as you want to be treated. 己所不欲，勿施于人。

63.A burden of one’s choice is not felt.爱挑的担子不嫌重。 64.A close mouth catches no flies.病从口入。 65.Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。 66.A fall into a pit，a gain in your wit.吃一堑，长一智。 67.A friend is easier lost than found.得朋友难，失朋友易。 68.A friend without faults will never be found. 没有十全十美的朋友。

69.A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。 70.A good conscience is a soft pillow.不做亏心事，不怕鬼叫门。 71.A good fame is better than a good face.美名胜过美貌。 72.A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口。 73.All rivers run into sea.海纳百川。

74.All that ends well is well.结果好，就一切都好。

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75.All that glitters is not gold.发光的不一定都是金子。 76.All things are difficult before they are easy. 凡事总是由难而易。

77.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。

78.A man can do no more than he can.凡事都应量力而行。 79.A man is known by his friends.什么人交什么朋友。

80.A man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds.光说空话不做事，犹如花园光长草。

81.A merry heart goes all the way.心旷神怡，事事顺利。

82.One false step will make a great difference./A miss is as good as a mile.失之毫厘，谬以千里。

83.A rolling stone gathers no moss.滚石不生苔。 84.A single flower does not make a spring. 一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。

85.Bad news has wings.好事不出门，坏事传千里。 86.Better late than never.迟做总比不做好。 87.One man’s meat is another man’s poison. 萝卜白菜，各有所爱。

88.Business is business.公事公办。

89.Caution is the parent of safety.小心驶得万年船。 90.Children are what the mothers are.耳濡目染，言传身教。 91.Constant dripping wears away a stone.水滴石穿，绳锯木断。 92.Content is better than riches.知足者常乐。 93.Count one’s chickens before they are hatched. 蛋未孵先数雏。

94.Creep before you walk.循序渐进。 95.Diamond cuts diamond.强中自有强中手。 96.Don’t claim to know what you don’t know.

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不要不懂装懂。

97.Don’t make a mountain out of a molehill.不要小题大做。 98.Don’t put the cart before the horse.不要本末倒置。 99.Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. 不要自找麻烦。

100.Don’t try to teach your grandmother to suck eggs. 不要班门弄斧。

101.Eat to live，but not live to eat.

人吃饭是为了活着，但活着不是为了吃饭。

102.Even Homer sometimes nods.智者千虑，必有一失。 103.Every dog has his day.谁都有得意的时候。 104.Every minute counts.分秒必争。

105.Fire is a good servant but a bad master.火是一把双刃剑。 106.Four eyes see more than two.集思广益。

107.Give a dog a bad name and hang him.众口铄金，积毁销骨。 108.God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。

109.A journey of a thousand miles begins with single step.千里之行，始于足下。 110.He is not laughed at that laughs at himself first.自嘲者不会让人见笑。 111.History repeats itself.历史往往重演。 112.If you run after two hares you will catch neither. 脚踏两条船，必定落空。

113.It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。

114.Jack of all trades and master of none.门门精通，样样稀松。 115.Learn to walk before you run.先学走，再学跑。 116.Let bygones be bygones.过去的就让它过去吧。 117.Let sleeping dogs lie.别惹麻烦。 118.Let the cat out of the bag.泄漏天机。 119.Like author like book.文如其人。 120.Love me love my dog.爱屋及乌。

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121.Many hands make light work.众人拾柴火焰高。

122.Many heads are better than one.三个臭皮匠，赛过诸葛亮。 123.Misfortunes never come alone.祸不单行。 124.Out of sight，out of mind.眼不见，心不想(烦)。 125.One picture is worth a thousand words.百闻不如一见。

1.China’s high-speed railways ________ from 9，000 to 25，000 kilometers in the past few years.(2018·北京高考) A.are growing C.will grow

B.have grown D.had grown

答案 B [句意：在过去的几年中，中国的高速铁路已经从9 000公里增加到25 000公里。根据句中的in the past few years可知，此处用现在完成时。] 2.When walking down the street，I came across David，whom I ________ for years.(2016·天津高考) A.didn’t see C.hadn’t seen

B.haven’t seen D.wouldn’t see

答案 C [句意：沿街走路时，我偶然遇到了戴维，我们已有好几年没见了。“没见”表示的动作发生在came across之前，且for years是完成时的标志，所以应选表示过去完成时的hadn’t seen。]

3.Silk ________ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.(2016·浙江高考) A.had become C.has become

B.was becoming D.is becoming

答案 A [句意：到约公元前100年时，丝绸就已成为丝绸之路沿线交易的主要货物之一。by表示“到某一时间为止”，是过去完成时的标志，故选A。] 4.It is reported that a space station ________on the moon in years to come.(安徽高考)

A.will be building

B.will be built

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C.has been building D.has been built

答案 B [句意：据报道，一个空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上被建成。a space station与build之间是被动关系，因此要用被动语态；“未来的几年内”是将来的时间，因此用一般将来时的被动语态。]

5.It was really annoying；I ________ get access to the data bank you had recommended.(2016·天津高考) A.wouldn’t C.shouldn’t

B.couldn’t D.needn’t

答案 B [句意：真烦人，我无权使用(couldn’t get access to)你推荐的资料库。B项couldn’t意为“不能”，符合语境。wouldn’t不愿意；shouldn’t不应该；needn’t没必要。]

6.If we ________ the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.(2018·天津高考) A.had caught C.have caught

B.caught D.would catch

答案 A [根据句意和句中的时间状语可知，这是一个主从条件句的虚拟语气，条件从句中有时间状语yesterday，因此表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时。]

7.Had the governments and scientists not worked together，AIDS-related deaths ________ since their highest in 2005.(2016·浙江高考) A.had not fallen C.did not fall

B.would not fall D.would not have fallen

答案 D [句意：要是没有政府和科学家的合作，与艾滋病相关的死亡人数就不会从2005年的最高值降下来。从句Had...not worked together是对过去情况的假设，所以主句谓语要用would (not) have done。故选D。] 8.George ________ too far.His coffee is still warm.(2016·浙江高考) A.must have gone C.can’t have gone

B.might have gone D.needn’t have gone

答案 C [句意：乔治不可能走太远，他的咖啡仍是温的。can’t have gone意为

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“不可能走(远)”，是对过去情况的否定推测，符合语境。must have gone一定已经走(远)，是对过去情况的肯定推测；might have gone可能已经走(远)，是对过去情况可能性不大的推测；needn’t have gone本没必要走(远)，表示本来没必要做某事却做了。]

9.It was so noisy that we ________ hear ourselves speak.(浙江高考) A.couldn’t C.mustn’t

B.shouldn’t D.needn’t

答案 A [句意：这里如此吵闹以至于我们听不见自己讲话。couldn’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t不准；needn’t没有必要。由语境可知，此处表示“我们不能听见自己讲话”，因此选A项。]

10.—The movie starts at 8：30，and we can have a quick bite before we go. —________.See you at 8：10.(2016·浙江高考) A.So long C.Good luck

B.Sounds great D.Have a good time

答案 B [句意：“电影将在八点半开始，去之前我们可以吃点快餐。”“听起来不错(Sounds great)。八点十分见。”B项Sounds great 意为“听起来不错”，符合语境。So long再见；Good luck祝你好运；Have a good time玩得愉快。] 11.—Can you come to a party on Saturday，Peter?

—Oh，________I’m already going out，I’m afraid.(安徽高考) A.what a pity! C.how come?

B.don’t ask! D.so what?

答案 A [句意：“彼得，周六你能来参加一个聚会吗？”“哦，太可惜了！恐怕我要出去。”因为不能应邀参加聚会，所以感觉很可惜。其他选项，don’t ask！不要问！(显得很粗鲁)；how come？怎么回事？so what？那又怎么样？均不符合语境，可排除。]

12.—Sorry，Liz.I think I was a bit rude to you. —________，but don’t do that again！(天津高考) A.Go ahead C.It depends

B.Forget it D.With pleasure

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答案 B [句意：“对不起，莉兹。我想我对你有点儿粗鲁了。”“________，但是不要再那么做了！”go ahead(鼓励用语)干吧，做吧；forget it没关系，别在意；it depends那得看情况；with pleasure(客气地接受或同意)当然了，很愿意。根据空格后的but可知，前后语意为转折关系，由此判断，第二个说话者(莉兹)原谅了第一个说话者，故用Forget it。] 13.—Jack，you seem excited.

—________？ I won the first prize in the English speech contest.(天津高考) A.Guess what C.Pardon me

B.So what D.Who cares

答案 A [句意：“杰克，你似乎很兴奋。”“________？我获得了英语演讲比赛的一等奖。”Guess what？你猜怎么着？用于引出令人惊奇或激动的事。So what？那又怎样？表示认为某事无关紧要。Pardon me？请重复一遍，请再说一遍。Who cares？(常用于无礼地表示)管它呢，谁管呢。根据空格后的句子以及excited可知，此处是告知对方一件让人激动的事情。故用Guess what。] 14.—Let’s go to the New Year’s Eve party，shall we? —________ I guess it will be fun.(陕西高考) A.Forget it! C.Why not?

B.No way! D.What for?

答案 C [句意：“咱们去参加除夕晚会，好吗？”“________我想那将会很好玩儿。”Forget it！可用于表示某事不重要，意为“没关系，别在意”，也可用于表示不想重复说过的话，意为“算了，别提它了”；No way！表示“不行，没门儿”；Why not？意为“为什么不呢？”，用于表示赞同某一建议；What for？意为“为什么？”。根据答语中的I guess it will be fun.可知，回答者赞同对方的建议，故选C项。]

15.—Sir，could I hand in my homework a bit late?

—________，since you’ve been unwell these days.(陕西高考) A.You can’t be serious C.Good idea

B.I’m afraid not D.Well，all right

答案 D [句意：“老师，我可以稍晚一点儿交家庭作业吗？”“________，因

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为你这些天身体不舒服。”You can’t be serious你一定是在开玩笑吧；I’m afraid not恐怕不能；Good idea好主意；Well，all right嗯，好吧。根据答语中的since you’ve been unwell these days可知，老师同意学生的请求，故选D项。] 1.—How are you getting along with your presentation?

—Almost ready，and I ________ all I am supposed to.(2018·南京市、盐城市高三年级第二次模拟) A.did C.have done

B.had done D.shall have done

答案 D [根据句义理解“你的展示报告准备的怎么样了？”“几乎准备好了，我马上就能完成应该做的所有事情。”shall have done结构，用于将来完成时，此时shall为助动词，主语只限第一人称。本题题眼在于almost。] 2.—Will you take over at the next service area? I want a short rest.

—Sure.You ________ for over four hours by then.(2018·苏北四市高三第一次调研) A.have driven C.will be driving

B.have been driving D.will have been driving

答案 D [意为“到那时你将已经驾驶超过4小时”，发生在将来，故用将来时，“for over four hours”表示一段时间，故用完成时，选D。]

3.In western countries，only the completely innocent or the determinedly blind could believe that any government activity near to election time ________ electoral implications.(2018·苏北四市高三第一次调研) A.hasn’t had C.doesn’t have

B.didn’t have D.hadn’t had

答案 C [根据句意“在西方国家，只有无知的人或完全的瞎子才会相信政府在临近大选的时期的活动没有卷入选举问题。”相信的内容作为陈述的一个事实、道理，使用一般现在时，故选C。] 4.—Do you know the guy over there?

—Oh，don’t mistake him as an ordinary person.He’s a ________ in our company.(2018·南京市、盐城市高三年级第二次模拟考试)

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A.cold fish C.sly fox

B.rotten apple D.top banana

答案 D [A项表示“态度冷冰冰的人”，B项表示“坏家伙”，C项表示“狡猾的人”，D项表示“最好的演员、主要人物”。根据句意，主要是在夸这个人，所以选择D项。]

5.—It’s probably wise to let Princess Elzabeth undertake the Commonwealth tour.________

—Well，she’s up to it.(2018·南京市、盐城市高三年级第二次模拟考试) A.What is it? C.What say you?

B.If you say so. D.If only I could go.

答案 C [B项表示“你说了算，听你的”，C项表示“你怎么看”，D项表示“要是我能去就好了”，本题的意思是问别人是否赞同刚刚作出的猜测，所以选择C项。]

6.They say at the end of your life，you regret the stuff you didn’t do more than the stuff that you ________.(2018·南京市高三年级第三次模拟) A.do C.had done

B.did D.would do

答案 B [句意：在你生命的最后时间，你会更加后悔那些你没有做过的事而不是那些你做过的事。做过的事，时态为过去时，故用did，选B。]

7.Held inside for too long，regret ________ affect the immune system.(2018·南京市高三年级第三次模拟) A.must C.should

B.can D.shall

答案 B [can表示可能。在心里憋得时间过长，后悔可能会有影响到免疫系统。故选B。]

8.—I had my computer stolen in my office，but luckily the police got it back to me. —How unbelievable！The thief ________ it.(2018·苏北四市高三第一次调研) A.need have sold C.should have sold

B.might have sold D.must have sold

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答案 B [根据句意“我的电脑在办公室被偷了，但幸运的是警察拿到后带给了我。”“难以置信！小偷本可以卖掉它。”might have 在句中表示过去本应该发生但实际上并没有发生的事。故选B。]

9.As we go shopping，we can often hear the salesperson say，“If you don’t buy now，you may find you’ve ________.”(2018·江苏四星级学校4月联考) A.hit the spot C.held your horses

B.spilt the beans D.missed the boat

答案 D [句意：当我们购物的时候，我们经常能听到售货员这样说：“如果你现在不买的话，你会错失良机的。”hit the spot“适得其用”；spill the beans“泄露秘密，说漏嘴”；hold your horses“且慢，请三思”。]

10.The staff were ________ when the company announced a fat bonus for everyone.(2018·苏北四市高三第一次调研测试) A.in the red C.tickled pink

B.as white as a sheet D.in the black

答案 C [in the red亏空，赤字，as white as a sheet(脸色)苍白，tickled pink十分乐意的，in the black盈利。句意为“当公司宣布发给每个人丰厚的奖金，工作人员们都十分乐意。”故选C。]

11.—My colleague is always trying to persuade me to buy goods I dislike at YunJi APP.

—Sounds terrible.I mean，________.(2018·苏北四市高三第一次调研测试) A.life is a horse，and either you ride it or it rides you B.the car will find its way round the hill when it gets there

C.take care of the pence，and the pounds will take care of themselves D.you may take a horse to the water，but you cannot make him drink

答案 D [A.人生就像一匹马，你不驾驭它，它就会驾驭你；B.车到山前必有路；C.小事留意，大事顺利；D.河边牵马易，逼其饮水难。根据句意“我的同事总是试着引导我在云集APP上买我不喜欢的东西。”“听起来很可怕，我觉得强扭的瓜不甜。”]

12.It is always the case that the police conduct an investigation and look at the evidence that may suggest who ________ the offence.

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A.commits C.committed

B.commit D.will commit

答案 C [句意：常规的做法就是：警察先进行调查再查找犯罪的证据。此题考查时态，在that引导的定语从句中犯罪的动作明显是过去的行为，故要使用过去式，所以选C。]

13.—Did you get your driving license?

—Yes，otherwise I ________ to my hometown next month. A.wouldn’t drive C.won’t drive

B.wouldn’t have driven D.couldn’t have driven

答案 A [句意：“你拿到驾照了吗？”“是的，要不然我下个月就不能开车去我老家了。”该题考查的是otherwise一词的虚拟语气的用法，在表示与将来事实相反的情况下要使用would do sth，故A项正确。]

14.Tom was ________ when he heard his partner would go abroad to have a holiday while he had to stay here and work. A.a big potato C.in the red

B.green with envy D.the top dog

答案 B [句意：听到他的搭档要去国外度假而他却只能工作，Tom很是嫉妒。A项表示的是“大人物”；B项是“嫉妒”；C项表示“赤字”；D项是“领导人物”之意，故B项正确。]

15.—The College Entrance Examination is coming; we need to hit the books and prepare it.

—________.Let’s burn the midnight oil together. A.You are what you wear B.You have me there C.You can say that again D.You don’t say so

答案 C [句意：“高考要到了，我们抓紧时间复习准备吧。”“你说的对，我们一起用功吧。”A项是“人靠衣装”，指的是外表对人的影响；B项是“你难倒我了”；C项是“你说的对”，而D项是“你说真的吗？”，故C项适合。]

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(每组限时45分钟)

词义辨析类

1.The volunteers provided the lonely elders each with an overcoat，________ could help them keep warm through the winter. A.one C.it

B.that D.one that

答案 D [句意：志愿者给那些孤独的老人每人提供了一件大衣，一件能够帮助他们保暖过冬的大衣。根据语境，此处应用one指代an overcoat，且此处one作an overcoat的同位语，后面的that引导定语从句且在从句中作主语，that不可以省略。]

2.A young person is said to have behavior disorder when his or her behavior is noticeably different from ________ expected in the school or community.(2018·盐城市高三三模) A.one C.that

B.ones D.those

答案 C [句意：当一个年轻人的行为明显不同于学校或社会期望的行为时，他(她)就被认为有行为障碍。空处替代the behavior，表示特指，故用that。] 3.During each NBA season，basketball fans cheer on their favorite teams to make ________ through.(2018·南京市、盐城市高三二模) A.it C.that

B.them D.those

答案 A [句意：在每个NBA赛季中，篮球迷为他们最喜爱的球队加油，鼓励他们顺利通过这个赛季。make it through“成功渡过，通过”。]

4.A lot of suggestions were put forward at the meeting，but ________ was practical. A.nothing C.neither

B.none D.no one

答案 B [句意：会议上提出了很多建议，但是没有一个符合实际的。none可用来指代前面提到过的三个或三个以上的人或物，表示一个都没有，强调数量，符合语境。]

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5.—Which day shall we go on a picnic next week?

—Make it ________ day you like，for it makes no difference to me.(2018·苏锡常镇四市高三调研一) A.one C.another

B.any D.other

答案 B [“我们下个星期哪一天去野餐呢？”“随你便，定在哪一天都可以，因为这对我来说无所谓”。根据答语中的“it makes no difference to me”可知，对于答话者来说定在任何一天都可以，所以用any表示“任何的”。]

6.Heading out on the waters in search of whales is a routine he does，and ________ that，as he hopes，won’t be lost if whale-watching goes the way of so many mass tourism attractions.(2018·江苏省高三第二学期六校联考) A.which C.it

B.one D.that

答案 B [句意：出海搜寻鲸鱼是他所做的日常工作，如果观鲸走的是这么多大众旅游景点的老路的话，他不希望丢失这份工作。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中充当表语，代替a routine，因此选择one。]

7.Though its GDP ranks second in the world，China remains a developing country with its average family income far below ________ of Western developed countries. A.it C.one

B.those D.that

答案 D [句意：虽然中国的GDP世界排名第二，但它仍然是一个发展中国家，其家庭平均收入远低于西方发达国家的家庭平均收入。空处指代前面提到的“average family income”，同名不同物，且表示特指，故用that。]

8.Being elected as a delegate to the 19th National Congress of CPC was a great honor to her and brought with ________ sacred rights and duties.(2018·扬州泰州第六市高三第二次调研) A.them C.one

B.it D.her

答案 B [句意：被选为第19届中国共产党全国代表大会的代表，她被赋予了

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崇高的荣誉，以及神圣的权利和义务。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处指代前面的“Being elected as a delegate to the 19th National Congress of CPC”，应用it。故选B项。]

9.Stress has become part of big-city life and the TV series Swan Dive for Love focuses on ________. A.one C.it

B.the one D.those

答案 C [句意：压力已经成为大城市生活中的一部分，而电视剧《北上广不相信眼泪》的关注点就是压力。it可替代上文提到的同一事物，替代的通常是可数名词单数或不可数名词，此处替代前面的Stress，属于“同名同物”。] 10.He was faced with the ________ of whether to go abroad for further study or find a job to support his family after he graduated from college. A.contrast C.adjustment

B.difference D.dilemma

答案 D [句意：大学毕业以后他面临着是出国继续深造还是找一份工作来养家糊口的两难境地。dilemma “(进退两难的)窘境，困境”，符合语境。contrast “对比”；difference “差别”；adjustment “调整”。]

11.Environmental experts point out increasing pollution not only causes sharp global warming，but also poses a major ________ to all creatures on the planet.(2018·江苏名校联考) A.reference C.threat

B.admission D.solution

答案 C [句意：环境专家指出持续增加的污染不仅会导致全球急剧变暖，而且会是地球上所有生物的一大威胁。pose a threat to“对……构成威胁”为固定搭配，符合句意。reference“参考，涉及”；admission“加入权，进入权”；solution“解决方案，解决办法”。]

12.Having a regular bedtime ________ is something people can do to lower their risk of becoming overweight. A.arrangement C.trend

B.activity D.routine

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答案 D [句意：有一个规律的就寝时间是人们可以做的降低他们变胖的风险的事情。routine “常规，惯例”，符合句意。arrangement “安排”；activity “活动”；trend “趋势”。]

13.Many people tend to assume that ________ just means creating something new，but actually it’s more than that—it’s an attitude of doing things.(2018·南京市、盐城市高三一模) A.imitation C.innovation

B.imagination D.inspiration

答案 C [句意：许多人往往会认为创新仅仅意味着创造一些新的东西，但是事实上它远不止此，它(还)是一种做事的态度。imitation意为“模仿，效仿”；imagination意为“想象，想象力”；innovation意为“创新，改革”；inspiration意为“灵感，妙计”。故选C项。]

14.Many parents received a message about the class ________ because of hazy days in Beijing.(2018·江苏省苏北四市高三上学期期末联考) A.inspection C.anticipation

B.suspension D.participation

答案 B [句意：在北京许多父母都收到了由于雾霾而暂时停课的信息。A项意为“考察，视察”；B项意为“暂停，暂令停学”；C项意为“预见，预期”；D项意为“参加”。根据句意可知，B项符合语境。]

15.In Beijing opera，performers are required to paint their faces in patterns and colors to help show the ________ and depths of the characters’ personalities.(2018·苏州市高三调研) A.dimensions C.occupations

B.certificates D.consciences

答案 A [句意：在京剧里，表演者们被要求在脸上画上图案并着色，以帮助展示人物个性的广度和深度。根据句意，此处表示“广度”，所以要选dimensions。而certificate “证书”；occupation “职业，占有”；conscience “道德心，良心”，均不符合句意。]

16.When you cast a ________ for others，you help them see their potential and their

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possibilities.(2018·镇江市高三一模) A.glance C.shadow

B.doubt D.vision

答案 D [句意：当你为他人设想时，你帮助他们看到了自己的潜力和可能性。glance意为“一瞥”；doubt意为“怀疑”；shadow意为“影子”；vision意为“构想，设想”。根据句意可知应选D项。]

17.The local authorities provide every college student this year with an annual ________ of 4，000 yuan for food and tuition fees. A.award C.allowance

B.admission D.acquisition

答案 C [句意：今年地方当局给每个大学生每年提供4 000元作为食物和学费的补贴。allowance “补贴，津贴”，符合语境。award “奖品”；admission “承认，入场费”；acquisition “获得”。]

18.According to the regulations，most of our flights have a baggage ________ of 22 kilograms per passenger.(2018·南通市高三第一次调研) A.gravity C.punctuation

B.session D.allowance

答案 D [句意：按照规章制度，我们的大多数航班对每个乘客的行李限重是22公斤。allowance意为“限额，津贴，零用钱”，符合语境。]

19.—Peter，this is Hanna，a famous model from Warner Bros.Entertainment Inc.in New York.

—How do you do？I’m very delighted to make your ________. A.identification C.familiarity

B.acquaintance D.identity

答案 B [——Peter，这是Hanna，来自纽约华纳兄弟娱乐公司的一位著名的模特。——你好。我很高兴认识你。make sb’s acquaintance是固定用法，意为“与某人初次相见，结识某人”。]

20.In lightning I noticed a tall ________ running towards the other side of the street.(2018·南京市四校第一学期联考) A.appearance

B.shadow

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C.figure D.character

答案 C [句意：借着闪电的光，我看到了一个高大的人影朝街道的另一侧跑去。figure “(远处人的)轮廓，人影”，符合语境。appearance “外貌”；shadow “阴影”；character “人物，角色”。]

21.The artist is among the few who continue to draw after childhood is ended without the ________ of academic training.(2018·盐城市高三三模) A.evolution C.distinction

B.assumption D.interruption

答案 D [句意：艺术家诞生于少数的这类人中，他们在童年结束以后不被学术训练打断而继续画画。evolution “进化，演变”；assumption “假定，假设”；distinction “区分”；interruption “打岔，打扰”。故选D项。]

22.Is it common practice that salesmen receive a ________ of 10 percent on all sales made? A.deposit C.pension

B.receipt D.commission

答案 D [句意：销售员在所有的销售中获得百分之十的回扣是一种常见做法吗？deposit “存款”；receipt “收据”；pension “退休金”；commission “佣金，回扣”。]

23.________ of the inaccuracy of the answer given，he turned to the professor to make sure. A.Ignorant C.Tolerant

B.Suspicious D.Confident

答案 B [句意：(因为)怀疑所给答案不准确，(所以)他向教授求助以核实(答案的准确性)。ignorant “无知的”；suspicious “怀疑的”；tolerant “宽容的”；confident “有信心的”。]

24.Generally，the company has a preference for those who have ________ experience and skills in the job. A.unique C.unforgettable

B.previous D.appropriate

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答案 B [句意：通常来说，公司会青睐那些以前有过类似工作经验和技能的人。unique “独特的，独一无二的”；previous “先前的”；unforgettable “难忘的”；appropriate “适当的”。]

25.—The two young mothers tend to talk away for hours on end directly they meet. —It is evident that the experience of raising children is rather ________ to each other.(2018·江苏名校联考) A.impressive C.sensitive

B.parallel D.rigid

答案 B [——这两个年轻的母亲往往一见面就连续聊上几个小时。——很明显，她们彼此抚养孩子的经历是相当相似的。parallel“类似的，相似的”。impressive“令人钦佩的，给人深刻印象的”；sensitive“敏感的，易受影响的”；rigid“固执的，死板的”。]

26.In China，the most ________ Spring Festival custom is making dumplings in the north while New Year Cakes in the south.(2018·江苏省苏北四市高三上学期期末联考)

A.temporary C.authentic

B.punctual D.stubborn

答案 C [句意：在中国，最真实的春节习俗是，北方做饺子而南方做年糕。A项意为“临时的”；B项意为“准时的”；C项意为“真实的”；D项意为“顽固的”。根据句意可知，C项符合语境。]

27.To promote a correct understanding of the Basic Law，we need the courage to clarify some ________ points of view and to put the system into practice.(2018·苏州市高三调研) A.artificial C.ambiguous

B.arbitrary D.absolute

答案 C [句意：为了促进对《基本法》的正确理解，我们需要有勇气去澄清一些含混不清的观点，同时把该(法律)体系付之于实践。此处表示“含混不清的”观点，所以要用ambiguous。artificial “人造的，仿造的，虚伪的”；arbitrary “任意的，武断的，专制的”；absolute “绝对的，完全的”，均不符合句意。]

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28.More employers now offer fresh college graduates ________ jobs，hoping to seek out experienced candidates.(2018·镇江市高三一模) A.contemporary C.permanent

B.temporary D.primitive

答案 B [句意：现在更多的雇主向应届大学毕业生提供临时工作，希望找到有经验的人选。contemporary意为“同时代的”；temporary意为“临时的”；permanent意为“永久的”；primitive意为“原始的”。根据句意可知应选B项。] 29.Thanks to the efforts of the last three years，there has been a ________ change in the infrastructure construction of our city. A.tentative C.fundamental

B.confidential D.conventional

答案 C [句意：多亏了过去三年的努力，我们的城市在基础设施建设方面已经发生了十分重大的变化。fundamental意为“十分重大的，基础的，根本的”，符合语境。tentative意为“踌躇的”；confidential意为“机密的，隐密的”；conventional意为“传统的，依照惯例的”。]

30.—Have you heard that Jack has been promoted to sales manager recently? —It’s nothing to be surprised at.The reason why he has won the trust of customers is that he has a/an ________ attitude. A.changeable C.movable

B.flexible D.alternate

答案 B [——你听说了吗？Jack最近被提升为销售经理了。——这没什么值得惊讶的。他赢得了顾客的信任是因为他有一个灵活的态度。flexible “灵活的”，符合句意。changeable “常变的，易变的”；movable “可移动的，不固定的”；alternate “交替的，轮流的”。]

31.Sometimes Mr.Seymour didn’t know what to do with his vacant time.His vacation plan was rather ________.(2018·南京市四校第一学期联考) A.absurd C.concrete

B.vague D.extensive

答案 B [句意：有时候Seymour先生不知道怎样处理他的空闲时间。他的假

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期计划相当不明确。vague “模糊的，不明确的”，符合语境。absurd “荒唐的”；concrete “具体的”；extensive “广泛的”。] 32.—Why can’t John land a ________ job in years?

—Anyone with criminal records will be laid off first when it comes time to let staff go.(2018·南京市高三三模) A.rewarding C.worthwhile

B.demanding D.stable

答案 D [——John为什么多年来找不到一份稳定的工作？——任何有犯罪记录的人在裁员时都会被先解雇的。rewarding “报酬高的，有益的”；demanding “要求高的，苛刻的”；worthwhile “值得做的，重要的”；stable “稳定的”。] 33.The sum total of housework should be divided，according to household needs，and be assigned to members，________ with their will and skill.(2018·盐城市高三三模) A.concerned C.consistent

B.familiar D.associated

答案 C [句意：全部家务活应该根据家庭的需要分配给家庭成员，并要和他们的意愿和能力相符。(be) concerned with “关注”；(be) familiar with “对……熟悉”；(be) consistent with “与……相符、一致”；(be) associated with “与……有关”。根据句意可知选C项。]

34.—Iris is always kind and ________ to the suffering of others. —No wonder she chooses to be a relief worker. A.allergic C.relevant

B.immune D.sensitive

答案 D [——Iris总是很善良并且能体恤别人的痛苦。——难怪她选择当一名救援工作者。allergic “讨厌的，过敏的”；immune “免疫的”；relevant “相关的”；sensitive “体恤的，敏感的”。]

35.Catherine wasn’t sure if the album was the right one，but she bought it ________. A.instead C.though

B.otherwise D.anyway

答案 D [句意：凯瑟琳不能确定是否就是这张音乐专辑，但她还是买了。

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anyway “尽管，即使这样”，符合语境。instead “反而”；though “不过，然而”。]

36.It is said that a storm will hit this area.________ the football match is postponed. A.Instead C.Therefore

B.However D.Besides

答案 C [句意：据说一场暴风雨将侵袭这个地区。因此，足球比赛被推迟了。根据句意可知，空后的内容为空前的内容的结果。故选C项。]

37.The old couple are considering moving to the country ________ its quietness and lower living costs. A.in view of C.in spite of

B.in terms of D.in face of

答案 A [句意：鉴于那儿安静的环境和较低的生活费用，这对老夫妇正考虑移居到乡村去生活。in view of “鉴于，考虑到”；in terms of “就……而言”；in spite of “尽管”；in face of “面临”。]

38.And until they’re made aware that that offense is as serious as it is，they don’t take it seriously ________. A.above all C.at all

B.after all D.in all

答案 C [句意：直到他们被迫意识到那起犯罪的严重性，他们才对其重视起来。at all可用在否定句中表示“根本不，一点也不”。above all “最重要的是”；after all “毕竟，终究”；in all “总共”。]

39.Pingyao has been listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO ________ its conserved ancient city layout.(2018·江苏省苏北四市高三上学期期末联考) A.in charge of C.in search of

B.in defence of D.in recognition of

答案 D [句意：平遥被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产地，这是对它保存完好的古代城市布局的认可。A项意为“负责，管理”；B项意为“为……辩护，保护”；C项意为“搜查”；D项意为“认可，承认”。根据句意可知，D项正确。] 40.Invest in yourself and hold on to your dreams.________，stay with those who will

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encourage you to go on forward all the way.(2018·苏州市高三调研) A.In fact C.In brief

B.In contrast D.In addition

答案 D [句意：在你自己身上投资并坚持你的梦想。此外，还要和那些鼓励你一路上继续前行的人待在一起。根据句意，要选In addition “另外，此外”。In fact “事实上”；In contrast “与此相反，比较起来”；In brief “简单地说，简言之”，均不符合句意。]

41.The life you live will expand or shrink ________ the measure of courage you display.

A.in proportion to C.in competition with

B.in place of D.in return for

答案 A [句意：你过的生活将扩大或缩小与你展示的勇气的程度相称。in proportion to意为“与……相称”；in place of意为“代替”；in competition with意为“与……竞争”；in return for意为“作为……的回报”。根据句意可知应选A项。]

42.The majority of consumers are reluctant to have their used mobile phones recycled ________ leaking their privacy.(2018·江苏名校联考) A.for fear of C.with reference to

B.by contrast to D.in defence of

答案 A [句意：由于担心泄露隐私，大多数消费者都不愿使他们的旧手机被回收。for fear of“以防，唯恐”符合句意。by contrast to“和……相比”；with reference to“关于”；in defence of“保护，防护，为……辩护”。]

43.Good news is that most states have adjusted the common law rules ________ the injured workers. A.on account of C.in favor of

B.on behalf of D.in honor of

答案 C [句意：好消息是大部分州都对普通法规则作出了有利于受伤的工人的修改。in favor of “支持，有利于”，符合语境，故选C项。on account of “由于，因为”；on behalf of “代表……”；in honor of “为了纪念……”。]

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44.Many of us see reading as an investment in ourselves，so it’s only natural that we want to learn something useful ________ our efforts.(2018·南京市高三三模) A.in view of C.in parallel with

B.in response to D.in return for

答案 D [句意：我们中的很多人把读书看成是对自身的投资，因此我们想学到一些有用的东西作为我们努力的回报是再自然不过的事情了。in view of “鉴于”；in response to “作为对……的回应”；in parallel with “与……同时”；in return for “作为对……的回报”。]

45.Gardens provide a place for people to relax and play sports，________ shelter from the noisy environment of a city. A.instead of C.as well as

B.rather than D.in spite of

答案 C [句意：花园为人们提供了一个远离城市嘈杂环境的庇护所，同时也提供了放松和运动的场所。instead of “代替”；rather than “而不是”；as well as “也，还”；in spite of “尽管”。故选C项。]

46.Hopefully，the new method will be effective，helping students to get their career plans ________.(2018·南京市、盐城市高三二模) A.at hand C.on trial

B.at will D.on track

答案 D [句意：但愿新方法能够奏效，帮助学生让他们的职业规划走上正轨。at hand “接近”；at will “随心所欲，任意”；on trial “在试验中”；on track “走上正轨”。]

47.Charles was an odd character whom Kelly had never really ________. A.appealed to C.catered to

B.taken to D.submitted to

答案 B [句意：查尔斯是个怪人，凯利从来没有真正喜欢过他。appeal to “对……有吸引力”；take to “开始喜欢，喜欢上……”；cater to “迎合，满足需要”；submit to “向……屈服”。]

48.I feel both excited and nervous to speak before such a large audience，so I spent a lot of time ________ my lecture.

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A.allocating C.promoting

B.releasing D.polishing

答案 D [句意：面对这么多人讲话我感到既兴奋又紧张，因此我花了很多时间来给我的演讲润色。allocate “分配”；release “发表，发布”；promote “提高”；polish “润色，修改”。]

49.—Why didn’t you answer my message？We were waiting anxiously for your decision.

—Sorry.It ________ my notice，as I was busy receiving some new clients. A.deserved C.escaped

B.failed D.denied

答案 C [——你为什么不回我的信息？我们在焦急地等待着你的决定。——对不起。由于我当时正忙于接待几个新客户，没有注意到你的信息。escape one’s notice/attention “未被某人注意，被某人忽视”。deserve “应得”；fail “评定(某人)不及格，使失望”；deny “拒绝”。]

50.—Oh，my God.It seems that something is wrong with the engine. —I hope it can ________ until we get to the next garage. A.work out C.hold out

B.stand out D.set out

答案 C [——噢，我的天哪。引擎似乎出问题了。——我希望它能坚持到我们到达下一个修理厂。work out “锻炼，算出”；stand out “显眼，突出”；hold out “坚持”；set out “出发，开始工作”。]

51.Merkel called May to congratulate her on becoming Prime Minister and to ________ her success in the new job. A.promise C.allow

B.spare D.wish

答案 D [根据句意可知，此处表达的是“祝愿”，故用wish，wish sb sth “祝愿某人……”。promise “承诺，允诺”；spare “留出”；allow “允许”。] 52.Facebook has recently ________ a string of Facebook groups committed to illegally sharing copyrighted music. A.cracked down on

B.fallen back on

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C.kept up with D.got away with

答案 A [句意：脸谱网最近严厉打击了一批致力于非法分享版权音乐的脸谱网群体。crack down on意为“严厉打击，镇压”；fall back on意为“求助于，转而依靠”；keep up with意为“跟上，赶上”；get away with意为“应付过去，(做错事而)不受惩罚”。故选A项。]

53.—I regret to tell you that the council did not ________ our plan. —Oh，what a shame！(2018·南京市、盐城市高三一模) A.smile on C.see through

B.concentrate on D.live through

答案 A [——我很遗憾地告诉你，我们的计划没有受到委员会的青睐。——噢，真可惜。smile on意为“垂青，对……青睐”；concentrate on意为“集中”；see through意为“看穿，帮助某人(渡过难关)”；live through意为“经历”。根据句意可知应选A项。]

54.Psychologists explain how your walk can ________ your hidden personalities in a recent behavioral study.(2018·江苏省苏北四市高三上学期期末联考) A.reserve C.release

B.relieve D.reveal

答案 D [句意：在最近的一项行为研究中，心理学研究者解释说，你的走路姿势可以揭示你潜在的个性。A项意为“预订”；B项意为“解除，缓解”；C项意为“释放，发布”；D项意为“透露，揭示”。根据句意可知，D项符合语境。] 55.Friendship does not merely ________ a sharing of activities；it is a sharing of the self on a very personal level.(2018·苏州市高三调研测试) A.involve C.associate

B.request D.deliver

答案 A [句意：友谊并不仅仅涉及一起参加活动；它是非常个人化的对自我的分享。根据句意，此处表示“包含，涉及”，故要用involve。request “要求”；associate “使联合，使发生联系”；deliver “发表，递送”，均不符合句意。] 56.I think the experiment supports my theory，but I need to ________ the results a couple of times to make sure that no mistakes were made while collecting the data. A.get over

B.take over

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C.hand over D.go over

答案 D [句意：我认为这项实验支持我的理论，但是我需要多次仔细检查这些结果来确保在收集数据时没有犯任何错误。表示“检查，仔细检查”要用go over。get over “克服，恢复，越过”；take over “接收，接管”；hand over “交出，移交”，均不符合句意。]

57.APEC economies will continue to ________food security needs，and how best to meet them through policy action. A.satisfy C.overlook

B.assess D.remove

答案 B [句意：亚太经合组织经济体将继续评估食品安全需求以及通过政策行为如何最佳地满足需求。satisfy意为“满足”；assess意为“评估”；overlook意为“忽略”；remove意为“去除”。根据句意可知应选B项。] 58.—Don’t forget to drop me a line when you settle down. —Trust me！I won’t.I’ll keep you ________. A.touched C.corresponded

B.posted D.preserved

答案 B [——你安顿下来的时候别忘了给我写信。——相信我！我不会忘记的。我会经常向你报告最新的情况的。touch “触摸”；post “邮寄，发布”，keep sb posted “经常向某人报告最新的情况”；correspond “符合，相一致，通信”，是不及物动词；preserve “保存，保护”。所以答案为B。]

59.Schools in our city provide a variety of optional classes to ________ students of different levels.(2018·南通市高三第一次调研测试) A.cater to C.object to

B.switch to D.submit to

答案 A [句意：我们城市的学校为了迎合不同水平的学生的需要提供了各种各样的选修课。cater to意为“满足需要，迎合”；switch to意为“切换到，转到，转变成”；object to意为“反对，不赞成”；submit to意为“提交，顺从，屈服”。] 60.Digital teaching，as you know，since introduced，has ________ our way of learning，enabling us to focus more in class. A.traded

B.transformed

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C.translated D.transported

答案 B [句意：正如你所知道的，自数字化教学被引入以来，它已经改变了我们学习的方式，使我们在课堂上能更专注。transform “使改变”，符合句意。trade “交易，买卖”；translate “翻译”；transport “运输”。]

句法结构类

1.Without his support, we wouldn’t be ________ we are now.(2018·北京高考) A.how C.where

B.when D.why

答案 C [根据语境可知，此处用where引导表语从句。where引导从句且在从句中作地点状语。]

2.The nurse’s attitude towards the patients was such ________ they couldn’t live with. A.as C.which

B.that D.what

答案 A [句意：那位护士对待病人的态度让他们无法容忍。定语从句中，若先行词为such或such修饰的名词，关系代词用as。本句中关系代词as在从句中作live with的宾语。]

3.Locke says college is a difficult time ________ students want to make friends，find their identity and succeed academically. A.what C.where

B.which D.when

答案 D [a difficult time是先行词，表示时间，后面是定语从句，定语从句中缺少时间状语，所以用when。]

4.He’s a very good actor，________ a lot of comedians are not，and he’s a good director and a good writer as well.(2018·南京市、盐城市高三一模) A.who C.whom

B.where D.which

答案 D [句意：他是一个非常好的演员，很多喜剧演员都不是，而且他也是一位好导演和好作家。先行词a very good actor在非限制性定语从句中作are not的表语，表示职业，所以用关系代词which引导。故选D项。]

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5.Vancouver’s appeal consists of comfort and security，making it what Andy Yan calls a “hedge city”，________ feature is social and political stability.(2018·江苏省苏北四市高三上学期期末联考) A.of which C.which

B.of whom D.whose

答案 D [句意：温哥华的魅力在于舒适和安全，这使它成为Andy Yan口中的“对冲城市”，它的特点体现在社会和政治的稳定性上。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，修饰先行词hedge city，关系代词whose在从句中作名词feature的定语。]

6.In the heart of Toronto is the Canadian National Tower，________ is often called the CN Tower for short.(2018·苏州市高三调研) A.where C.that

B.which D.when

答案 B [句意：在多伦多的中心是加拿大国家电视塔，它经常被简称为CN Tower。根据句子的结构来判断，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，其先行词为the Canadian National Tower，且空处在从句中作主语，故只能用which。]

7.As to Gaokao reform，the spokesman had a sincere conversation with journalists，the press release of ________ has already been made public.(2018·镇江市高三一模) A.whom C.when

B.which D.where

答案 B [句意：关于高考改革，发言人与记者进行了真诚的交谈，交谈的新闻稿已经被公开了。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，且该定语从句表示所属关系，先行词为a sincere conversation，应用“名词＋of＋which”结构。故选B项。]

8.We are creating a new vision for public health ________ all of society work together to get healthier and live longer. A.which C.where

B.whom D.when

答案 C [句意：我们正在为公共健康创建一个新的理念，在这样的理念中，社

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会中的每个人为了变得更健康、更长寿而一起努力。句中含有一个定语从句，先行词是vision，故用where在此引导定语从句并在从句中作地点状语。] 9.While the house prices in Wuxi keep rising，a lot of houses have been sold out，________ most were sold to buyers from Shanghai and Suzhou. A.in which C.of which

B.among them D.of them

答案 C [句意：尽管无锡的房价在继续上涨，但是许多房子已经售完了，其中大多数房子卖给了来自上海和苏州的购房者。根据句子的结构来判断，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，指的是“售出的许多房子中的大多数”，故用of which来引导该从句。]

10.We all live with a certain degree of stress，but there is a point ________ it becomes unmanageable，causing physical and mental illness.(2018·南京市四校第一学期联考)

A.for which C.in that

B.on where D.at which

答案 D [句意：生活中我们所有人都有一定程度的压力，但是在某个阶段，压力变得难以控制从而导致生理上和心理上的疾病。空处引导定语从句，当先行词为point且引导词在从句中作地点状语时，用where或at which引导定语从句。] 11.Keeping a regular sleep schedule is important for setting a baby’s body clock，________，researchers note，should be in place by about 4 months of age.(2018·南京市高三三模) A.whose C.when

B.which D.where

答案 B [句意：保持有规律的睡眠时间对确定婴儿的生物钟很重要，研究者指出这在他们大约四个月大的时候就应当就绪了。关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，指代a baby’s body clock，且在定语从句中充当主语。定语从句中的researchers note是插入语。]

12.With the help of the Internet，different countries have come together to form a community ________ people can share thoughts and global issues.(2018·盐城市高三

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三模) A.whose C.where

B.which D.when

答案 C [句意：在网络的帮助下，不同国家的人聚集到一起形成一个社会团体，在这个团体里人们能分享想法和全球问题。先行词是community，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故选择where。]

13.Tony Garcia，________ is traveling to America because of business meeting，is the only person that witnesses the murder. A.who C.that

B.whom D.which

答案 A [句意：因为一个商务会议正前往美国旅行的Tony Garcia是这起谋杀案的唯一目击证人。空处在句中引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tony Garcia，指人，且空处在从句中作主语，故需用who引导该定语从句。]

14.A great number of visitors flood in to climb up to the top of the tower，________ they can have a good view of the whole city. A.to where C.with which

B.from what D.from where

答案 D [句意：许多游客蜂拥而来以登上塔顶，从那里他们可以一览全市风光。from where they can...是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。注意：where在此处为关系代词而非关系副词。]

15.The little monkey，________ mother was killed by a truck，is being taken good care of by an old man. A.which C.whose

B.where D.that

答案 C [句意：这只小猴子正由一位老人细心照料，它的母亲被一辆卡车撞死了。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词The little monkey，且关系词在从句中作定语修饰mother，表示“它的”，故选whose。]

16.I may not come to see you recently ________ I can complete the project ahead of time. A.after

B.since

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C.unless D.once

答案 C [句意：除非我能提前完成那个项目，否则我最近可能不会来看你了。根据句意及句子结构可知，空处应用unless引导条件状语从句，表示“除非”。] 17.The book will tell young Chinese that they should face the challenges，________ “tears and running away”doesn’t solve problems. A.as C.in case

B.though D.so that

答案 A [句意：这本书将告诉中国的年轻人，他们应该直面挑战，因为“眼泪和逃避”并不能解决问题。as “因为”，引导原因状语从句，符合语境。] 18.We students should hold such an attitude：________ we achieve great success in our study，we should not be proud. A.only if C.now that

B.in case D.even though

答案 D [句意：我们学生应该持有这样一种态度：即使我们在学习中取得了巨大成功，也不应该骄傲。even though “即使，尽管”引导让步状语从句。] 19.The boy made a lot of mistakes in his homework ________ he did his homework as he watched TV. A.though C.because

B.unless D.if

答案 C [句意：这个男孩的家庭作业中出现了许多错误，因为他一边看电视一边做作业。根据句意可知，这个男孩的作业中出现许多错误的原因是他边看电视边做作业，也就是说空后的内容是因，空前的内容是果，故答案为because。] 20.You’d better make a schedule for the trip in advance ________ you waste too much time on planning during your trip. A.in case C.so that

B.as if D.now that

答案 A [句意：你最好提前为旅途作一个日程安排，以免你在旅行过程中把过多的时间浪费在制订计划上。根据语境可知，应选in case “以防，以免”。] 21.One of the true tests of leadership is the ability to recognize a problem ________ it

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becomes an emergency.(2018·南京市、盐城市高三一模) A.when C.after

B.before D.unless

答案 B [句意：领导能力的真正考验之一就是在紧急情况出现之前就认识到问题(的存在)的能力。when意为“当……时”；before意为“在……之前”；after意为“在……之后”；unless意为“除非”。根据句意可知应选B项。] 22.They agreed to lend us the car ________we returned it before the weekend. A.on condition that C.so that

B.for fear that D.even if

答案 A [句意：他们同意把车借给我们，条件是我们在周末前归还。根据句意，此处应用on condition that “在……条件下”引导条件状语从句。]

23.Why do we pay so much attention to gossip about pop stars，________ millions are made up and forgotten every day？(2018·江苏省苏北四市高三上学期期末联考) A.where C.what

B.when D.which

答案 B [句意：既然每天会有很多闲言碎语被编造和遗忘，那么我们为什么要如此关注流行音乐歌星的流言蜚语呢？根据题干可知，应用when在此引导原因状语从句，相当于since，意为“既然”。]

24.Memories from childhood stay with us forever，taking us ________ we have been and will go.(2018·镇江市高三一模) A.what C.where

B.how D.that

答案 C [句意：童年的记忆永远陪伴着我们——把我们带到我们已去过的和我们将去的地方。根据语境及句子结构可知，此处应用where引导地点状语从句。故选C项。]

25.________ the arguments，it’s necessary to consider the contributions Hong Kong Disneyland has made in lifting the number of tourists. A.Whatever C.However

B.Whichever D.Whenever

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答案 A [句意：无论争论是什么，考虑到香港迪士尼乐园在提升游客人数方面已经作出的贡献是必要的。让步状语从句Whatever the arguments相当于Whatever the arguments are。所以答案为A。]

26.________ they would name the two new roads “Emoji Street” and “Meme Street” was being discussed in a town is Southern Finland. A.Whether C.Which

B.What D.How

答案 A [句意：在南芬兰省的一个小镇里，他们正在讨论是否要将这两条新路命名为“Emoji Street”和“Meme Street”。空处在此引导主语从句，并且表示“是否”，故选A项。]

27.The beauty of Guilin is by no means ________ a traveler who has never been there can imagine. A.where C.what

B.that D.which

答案 C [句意：桂林的美绝不是一个从未去过那儿的游客能想象出来的。分析句子结构可知，连接代词what在句中引导表语从句，且在从句中作imagine的宾语。]

28.—I found a spelling error in my paper that I submitted yesterday. —Good.That is just ________ you made a mistake. A.what C.where

B.that D.when

答案 C [——我在我昨天提交的论文中发现了一个拼写错误。——不错。那正是你犯错误的地方。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，故应用where引导。]

29.I’ve come to learn that the best time to debate with family members is ________ they have food in their mouths.(2018·南京市、盐城市高三一模) A.how C.whether

B.that D.when

答案 D [句意：我慢慢了解到，与家人辩论的最佳时间就是他们嘴里有食物的

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时候。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导表语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，表示“当……时”，应用when。故选D项。]

30.Many anti-piracy experts are able to determine ________ an item has been pirated or not，based on the maker’s style and qualifications.(2018·江苏省苏北四市高三上学期期末联考) A.that C.what

B.whether D.why

答案 B [句意：很多反盗版专家可以根据制造商的风格和资历来判断一样东西是不是盗版的。根据句意及题干中的“or not”可知，空处应用whether在句中引导宾语从句。]

31.Learning must bring joy，for we never forget ________ we learn with pleasure.(2018·苏州市高三调研) A.when C.how

B.what D.where

答案 B [句意：学习一定要带来快乐，因为我们决不会忘记我们抱着愉悦的心态所学到的东西。根据句子的结构来判断，forget后面接的是一个宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，所以要用what引导该宾语从句。]

32.How I envy Jones！She can eat super big hamburgers without fear ________ she will put on much weight. A.that C.whether

B.which D.where

答案 A [句意：我多么羡慕琼斯！她能吃超级大汉堡而不担心会发胖。fear后跟了一个同位语从句，从句意思完整且不缺任何成分，故用that。which “哪一个”；whether “是否”；where “在哪里”。]

33.The argument doesn’t hold much ground ________ family backgrounds offer graduates an advantage in the career competition nowadays.(2018·南通市高三第一次调研) A.where C.which

B.that D.when

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答案 B [句意：现在，大学毕业生的家庭背景会在职业竞争中为他们提供优势，这样的论据是没有多大根据的。本句中的that引导同位语从句，解释说明argument的内容。]

34.The problem ________ he will have his college education at home or abroad remains untouched.(2018·南京市高三三模) A.how C.that

B.whether D.when

答案 B [句意：他要在国内还是国外接受大学教育这个问题仍然未被提及。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导同位语从句，解释说明The problem的具体内容，且表示“是否，是……(还是)”，故选whether。]

35.—What do you think makes the TV show Letters Alive a big hit?

—________ the kind of humanity behind every letter touches the heartstrings of the audience.(2018·盐城市高三三模) A.That C.Whether

B.What D.Because

答案 A [——你认为什么使得《见字如面》这个电视节目这么受欢迎？——是每封信背后的那种人性触动了观众的心弦。第二句话是个省略句，补充完整应该是：________ the kind of humanity behind every letter touches the heartstrings of the audience makes the TV show Letters Alive a big hit，由此可知第二句话实际上是个不缺成分和句意的主语从句。故选A项。]

36.The prize winner described to the class ________ he had managed to achieve excellence in his studies. A.if C.what

B.how D.that

答案 B [句意：获奖者向全班同学讲述自己是如何在学习上取得优异成绩的。根据句意可知，B项符合语境，how表示“如何”。]

37.I think ________ Aesop was suggesting is ________ when you offer a good turn to another human being，one can hope that good deed will come back and sort of pay a profit to you，the doer of the good deed.(2018·江苏省高三第二学期六校联考)

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A.which；that C.what；that

B.that；that D.that；what

答案 C [分析句子结构可知，第一空引导主语从句，并在从句中作suggesting的宾语，表示“所……的东西”，故用what；第二空引导表语从句，从句的意思和成分完整，故用that。]

38.Many students are at a loss as to ________ they spend so much time on language learning，but achieve little. A.that C.how

B.why D.whether

答案 B [句意：很多学生感到困惑的是为什么他们在语言学习上花费了如此多的时间但收效甚微。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导宾语从句作as to的宾语，且引导词在从句中充当原因状语，故应用why。]

39.________ to a top university，as in China，is also what many American students have been dreaming of. A.Admitted B.Being admitted C.Having been admitted D.To have been admitted

答案 B [句意：和在中国一样，被名校录取也是很多美国学生一直梦寐以求的事情。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用动名词的被动形式作主语。be admitted to/into “被……录取/接收”。]

40.They warned last week that if temperatures continue rising，2016 will be the hottest year ever ________. A.recorded C.to be recorded

B.being recorded D.having recorded

答案 A [句意：上周，他们通知说，如果气温持续上升，那么2016年将成为史上被记录的最炎热的一年。根据该句的结构可知，此处应该使用非谓语动词作定语，修饰year，record与year之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词。] 41.Big fast food chains in New York City have started to obey a rule first of its kind，________ them to post calorie counts right on the menu.

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A.to require C.required

B.requiring D.having required

答案 B [句意：纽约市的大快餐连锁店已经开始遵循一项首次出现的规则，该规则要求它们直接在菜单上公布(食物的)卡路里含量。require与a rule之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故选B项。]

42.US singer Bob Dylan was awarded the 2016 Nobel Prize in Literature，becoming the first songwriter ________ the honor.(2018·江苏省苏北四市高三上学期期末联考) A.winning C.to win

B.having won D.to be won

答案 C [句意：美国歌手Bob Dylan获得了2016年诺贝尔文学奖，成为第一个获此殊荣的词曲作者。名词前面有序数词修饰时，后面要用动词不定式作定语。因此答案为C。]

43.—Can you tell me what it means by “You can check out any time you like but you can never leave” from the song Hotel California?

—It implies that drug users find themselves ________ in a prison from which they cannot escape.(2018·苏州市高三调研) A.to be trapped C.trapped

B.having trapped D.trapping

答案 C [——你能告诉我出自歌曲《加州旅馆》中的“你可以随时结束，但你永远无法摆脱(这欲望)”这句话的意思是什么吗？——它暗示吸毒者发现他们自己陷入了无法逃脱的监狱。根据句意及句子结构可知，trap与其逻辑主语themselves(指代drug users)之间是动宾关系，故应用过去分词作宾语补足语。] 44.Trump Tower，________ as the headquarters for The Trump Organization，is a 58-story skyscraper ________ in Midtown Manhattan. A.serving；located C.served；locating

B.served；located D.serving；locating

答案 A [句意：作为特朗普集团的总部，特朗普大厦是一座坐落于曼哈顿城中的58层摩天大楼。分析句子结构可知，两个空处均应填非谓语动词。第一空，

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serve与其逻辑主语Trump Tower是主谓关系，故用现在分词作定语；第二空，根据短语be located in “坐落于”可知，应填过去分词作定语，修饰skyscraper。所以答案为A。]

45.Women deserve to be treated with dignity and they should make their voices ________ in the world. A.heard C.hearing

B.having heard D.to be heard

答案 A [句意：女性理应得到尊重，她们应该让世界听到她们的声音。hear与their voices之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选A项。]

46.Many natural disasters took place across the country，________ severe losses on people’s life and property.(2018·南通市高三第一次调研) A.to have brought C.only to bring

B.only bringing D.having brought

答案 B [句意：这个国家发生了多起自然灾害，给人们的生活和财产造成了严重的损失。only bringing是现在分词作状语表示结果。]

47.________ a record-breaking seven Golden Globes，the musical La La Land surprisingly does not appeal to Chinese viewers.(2018·南京市、盐城市高三二模) A.Winning C.Having won

B.Won D.To win

答案 C [句意：虽然赢得了破纪录的七项金球奖，令人吃惊的是，音乐剧《爱乐之城》对中国观众并没有产生吸引力。win和句子主语是主动关系，且发生在谓语动作之前，所以用现在分词的完成形式充当状语。] 48.—What does Nicky’s job involve as a public relations director? —________ quite a lot of time with other people. A.Spending C.To spend

B.Having spent D.To have spent

答案 A [分析题干可知，这是一个省略句，补充完整应该是Nicky’s job involves spending quite a lot of time with other people...，即用动名词作宾语。故选A。]

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