2012职称英语理工B最终押题

2012年职称英语等级考试（理工B）最终押题————内部资料，禁止外传

第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1Almost all economists agree that nations gain by trading with one another

A work

B profit

C rely

D prove

2The conference explored the possibility of closer trade links

A denied

B investigated

C stressed

D created

3The chemical is deadly to rats but safe to cattle.

A fatal

B hateful

C good

D useful

4 During his lifetime he was able to accumulate quite a fortune

A control

B spend

C collect

D exchange

5 It's impolite to cut in when two persons are holding a conversation

A leave

B talk loudly

C stand up

D interrupt

6 I wonder what your aim in life is.

A symbol

B goal

C action

D attitude

7 I have no alternative but to report him to the local police

A opinion

B means

C choice

D selection

8The indecisive man was readily persuaded to change his mind again A easily B hardly

C subtly

D suddenly

9 It is useless to argue with him once he has made up his mind.

A settled

B solved

C said

D decided

10 The father was unwilling to give his son the keys to his car

A reluctant

B eager

C pleased

D angry

11 We consume a lot more than we are able to produce

A waste

B buy

C use

D sell

12 As a writer, he turned out three novels that year.

A refused

B read

C produced

D accepted

13 Winston Churchill gave a moving speech

A nervous

B foolish

C stirring

D fast

14 We tried to restrict our conversation to arguments relevant to the topic

A put

B suit

C confine

D resort

15 It doesn't stand to reason that he would lie

A seem logical

B look pleasant

C appear obvious

D sound important

第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)

阅读下面这篇短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

Hercules

Once upon a time there was a great Greek hero, Hercules. He was taller and stronger than anyone you have ever seen. On his shoulder he carried a club and in his hand he held a bow (弓). He was known as the hero of a hundred adven tures.

Hercules served a king. The king was afraid of him. So again and again he sent him on difficult tasks. One morning the king sent for him and told him to f etch three golden apples for him from the garden of the Singing Maidens (歌女). But no one knew where the garden was.

So Hercules went away. He walked the whole day and the next day and the next. He walked for months before he saw mountains far in the distance one fine morning. One of the mountains was in the shape of a man, with long, long legs and arms and huge shoulders and a huge head. He was holding up the sky. Her cules knew it was Atlas, the Mountain God. So he asked him for help.

Atlas answered, "My head and arms and shoulders all ache. Could you hold up the sky while I fetch the golden apples for you?"

Hercules climbed the mountain and shouldered the sky. Soon the sky grew ve ry heavy. When finally Atlas came back with three golden apples, he said, "Well, you are going to carry the mountain for ever. I'm going to see the king with the

apples." Hercules knew that he couldn't fight him because of the sky on his bac k. So he shouted:

"Just one minute's help. My shoulders are hurting. Hold the sky for a minute while I make a cushion (垫子) for my shoulders."

Atlas believed him. He threw down the apples and held up the sky.

Hercules picked up the apples and ran back to see the king.

16 Hercules was the tallest man in the world

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

17 Hercules worked in the king's garden

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

18 Hercules was given many difficult tasks because the king wanted to get ri

d of him.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

19 Atlas was the giant who held up the sky.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

20 Atlas ran faster than Hercules

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

21 Atlas got the golden apples for Hercules because he wanted to be the kin

g himself.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

22 Hercules finally managed to get the apples by defeating Atlas

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)

阅读下面这篇短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选取项中为第2～5段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第27～30题材要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Local Newspapers in Britain

1. Britain has a large circulation (发行量) of the national newspapers. The D aily Mirror and The Daily Express both sell about 4 million copies each day. On average, every family will buy one newspaper in the morning, and take two or t hree on Sundays.

2. Local newspapers are just as popular as the national ones in Britain. Local papers have a weekly circulation of 13 million. Nearly every town and country a rea has its own paper, and almost every local paper is financially holding its own. Many local newspapers are earning good profits.

3. Local newspapers have their special characteristics. They mainly satisfy inte rest in local events - births, weddings, deaths, council meetings, and sports. Editor

s often rely on a small staff of people who know the district well. Clubs and chu rches in the neighborhood regularly supply these papers with much local news. Lo cal news does not get out of date as quickly as national news. If there is no roo m for it in this week's edition, a news item can be held over until the following week.

4. The editor of a local newspaper never forgets that the success of any new spaper depends on advertising. For this reason, he is keen to keep the good will of local businessmen. If the newspaper sells well with carefully chosen news item s to attract local readers, the businessmen will be grateful to the paper for the op portunity of keeping their products in the public eye.

5. Local newspapers seldom comment on problems of national importance, an

d editors rarely tak

e sides on political questions. But they can often provide servic

e to the community in expressing public feeling on local issues. A newspaper can sometimes persuade the council to take action to improve transport, provide bette r shopping facilities, and preserve local monuments and places o

f interest.

23 Paragraph 2.

24 Paragraph 3.

25 Paragraph 4.

26 Paragraph 5.

A Keeping Good Relations with Local Businessmen

B Service Provided by Local Newspapers

C Large Circulation of the National Newspapers

D Special Features of Local Newspapers

E Power of Local Newspapers

F Popularity of Local Newspapers

27 British people have the habit of reading newspapers in the.

28 Many local newspapers in Britain are making.

29 Local newspapers are well received because they carry articles that please

.

30 Local newspapers rarely give opinions on.

A a lot of money

B local people

C morning

D local people

E national issues

F local issues

第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇幅短文后有5道题，每题材后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择一个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第一篇

Weight on and off the Earth

We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quite a n effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take for granted. Bec ause we can feel that things are heavy, we think of "weight" as being a fixed qu

ality in an object, but it is not really fixed at all. If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter o f a pound.

Why would things weigh only a quarter as much as they do at the surface o f the earth if we took them 4,000 miles out into space? The reason is this: All o bjects have a natural attraction for all other objects; this is called gravitational attr action. But this power of attraction between two objects gets weaker as they get f arther apart. When the butter was at the surface of the earth, it was 4,000 miles f rom the center. When we took the butter 4,000 miles out, it was 8,000 from the center, which is twice the distance. If you double the distance between two object s, their gravitational attraction decreases two times two'. If you treble the distance, it gets nine times weaker (three times three) and so on.

So this is one of the first things we need to remember: that the weight of an object in space is not the same as its weight on the surface of the earth.

What about the weight of our pound of butter on the surface of the moon? At the distance the pull of the earth is about 4,000 times smaller than it is here on the surface, so we can forget all about the earth-pull on our butter.

On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butte r and the moon: but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it doe s on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitational pull that a body produces depends on the amount of mater ial in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very s

mall in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or th

e sun.

31 How much would four pounds of tea weigh if it was taken 4,000 miles o ut from the surface of the earth?

A I pound.

B 2 pounds.

C 3 pounds,

D 4 pounds.

32 We find it hard to break free from ideas connected with living on the ear th because

A it demands too great an effort for us to do so.

B we are too familiar with the way things are to question the ideas.

C we have proved that those ideas are correct.

D we are so sure of ourselves that we never doubt anything on the earth.

33 According to the passage, "weight" should be understood in the sense that

A it is fixed if it is outside the earth's gravitational pull.

B it decreases four times when it is 4,000 miles from the earth's center.

C it varies with the change of the gravitational attraction between two object s.

D things increase in amount as they are closer to the earth's surface.

34 We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter because

A it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own.

B its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it.

C its pull disappears in the presence of the earth's gravitation.

D it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.

35 The main idea of this passage is

A different weight systems in different places

B freedom from traditional ideas.

C traveling from the earth to the moon.

D the effect of gravitation on weight.

第二篇

Lifetime Employment in Japanese Companies

In most large Japanese companies, there is a policy of lifetime employment. What this means is that when people leave school or university to join an enterpri se, they can expect to remain with that organization until they retire. In effect, th e employee gets job security for life, and can only be fired for serious mistakes i n work. Even in times of business recession, he or she is free from the fear of b eing laid off.

One result of this practice is that the Japanese worker identifies closely with his company and feels strong loyalty to it. By working hard for the company, he believes he is safeguarding his own future. It is not surprising that devotion to on e's company is considered a great virtue in Japan. A man is often prepared to put his firm's interests before those of his immediate family.

The job security guaranteed by this system influences the way employees app roach their work. They tend to think in terms of what they can achieve throughou

t their career. This is because they are not judged on how they are performing du ring a short period of time. They can afford to take a longer perspective than thei r Western counterparts.

This marriage between the employee and the company - the consequence of l ifetime employment - may explain why Japanese workers seem positively to love t he products their company is producing and why they are willing to stay on after work, for little overtime pay, to participate in earnest discussions about the qualit y control of their products.

36 Lifetime employment in the Japanese company means that the employee

A leaves his company only when business is bad.

B gets a job soon after he leaves school or university.

C can work there throughout his career.

D can have his serious mistakes in work corrected.

37 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

A Family and company interests are equally important

B The Japanese worker is very loyal to his company.

C One's future is guaranteed through hard work.

D Devotion to one's company is encouraged.

38 Lifetime employment influences one's

A achievements at work.

B performance at work.

C career options.

D attitude toward work.

39 The Japanese worker is fond of his company's products because of

A his marriage with the daughter of the president.

B the close link between him and his company.

C his willingness to work overtime,

D his active participation in quality control.

40 he passage mainly discusses

A how lifetime employment works in Japan.

B what benefits lifetime employment has brought to Japanese workers

C what lifetime employment is.

D how lifetime employment is viewed.

第三篇

Volcanoes

There are thousands of volcanoes (火山) all over the world. What makes volc anoes? What happens?

The inside of the earth is very hot. Because it is very, very hot, the rock ha s melted like ice. It has become liquid, like water. It is always boiling, like water in a kettle. If you have seen a kettle boiling, you know that the steam and boili ng water try to get out. The very hot melted rock inside the earth also tries to g et out. Usually it cannot because the outside of the earth is too thick and strong.

But in some places the outside of the earth is thin and weak. Sometimes a c rack appears. The hot melted rock, which we call "lava" (熔岩), pushes out throu

gh the crack and bursts through. Steam and gas shoot up into the air and the hot melted lava pours out. Big pieces of rock may be thrown high into the air.

After a while the volcano becomes quiet again. The melted lava becomes har d. Later the same thing happens again and again. Each time more hot lava pours out on top of the cold lava and then becomes hard. In this way a kind of mount ain is built up, with a hole down the middle. Perhaps the volcano will then be q uiet. Perhaps it will start again hundreds of years later.

Vesuvius is the name of a very famous volcano in Italy. It first came to life many, many years ago. It was quiet for hundreds of years. Then in the year 79 it suddenly burst. A great cloud of smoke shot up into the sky with great burning rocks. Hot lava poured down its sides. About 3,000 people were killed.

This has happened again many times since that year. Sometimes no damage was caused, or only little damage. But there was serious damage in the years 472, 1631, 1794, 1861, 1872 and 1906. You can see that a volcano can stay alive for many years. There was also serious damage in 1914 but there has not been any since that year.

41 According to the passage, a volcano sends out

A boiling water.

B boiled water.

C melted rock.

D melted ice.

42 Lava bursts out where there is

A a crack in the earth.

B a mountain by the sea.

C a big fire.

D steam and gas.

43 When lava cools, it becomes

A liquid.

B water.

C smoke.

D hard.

44 According to the passage, Vesuvius has caused serious damage

A six times.

B seven times.

C eight times.

D nine times.

45 The phrase "stay alive" in the last paragraph can best be replaced by

A "burst out".

B "remain active".

C "come to life".

D "throw out lava".

第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)

阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

How to Do Well in Exams

Do not underestimate the power of revision in the days and hours before an examination. The closer you are to the exam, the more chance you have of storin g and retaining crucial information. But do not overdo it(46). An effectiv e daily routine can help you through an exam period, so in the days leading up t o your first exam, get into the habit of being up and ready to work by game. It can be a shock to the system after months of working to your own timetable to be mentally alert at that time if you have not prepared for it.

On the day of the exam, have a good breakfast, pack two of everything you need (pens, pencils, erasers, etc.), then make your way to the examination hall in good time(47).

Once in your seat, simply pause for a few seconds and collect your thoughts. Close your eyes and take in a few slow, deep breaths to help you relax. When you turn over the test paper, spend a short period reading through all the instructi ons and questions, paying particular attention to key verbs such as "discuss", "com pare" and "evaluate".(48). It is wise always to allow for 10 minutes at th e end of the exam to give yourself time to go back over your answers. Once you have selected the questions you wish to tackle, begin by attempting the one you think is your strongest. It will give you more confidence when you see a well-ans wered question down on paper. Also remember to write clearly, and do not be afr

aid to express the unexpected: after all, examiners can get very bored marking ste reotypical answers.

(49). If you do need something else to focus on to help collect you r thoughts, choose a fixture in the room, such as the ceiling - or anything else th at will not allow you to be distracted.

Finally, once you have finished, never hang around outside afterwards to atten d the discussion by other students(50).

A Do not arrive too early, though, as other people's anxiety can be contagiou s, and you may suffer from undue panic

B Try not to be tempted to look at those around you, or at the clock.

C When you get home, read the examination paper through and look up al t he words you didn't understand

D Sleep, exercise and relaxation are all just as important

E Map out a quick plan of points you wish to make and how much time yo u should spend on each question

F Go and have a well-earned rest- then prepare for your next exam

第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)

阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

unofficial gross domestic product once(65) three months. The government also continues to report GNP as it has four times a year since 1941.

51 A regarded B called C known D addressed

52 A goods B product C good D commodity

53 A way B method C means D skill

54 A at B outside C beyond D within

55 A is not B not C are not D are not included

56 A of B with C on D to

57 A economics B finance C economy D income

58 A officers B companies C officials D businessmen

59 A make B reach C form D take

60 A of B with C to D for

61 A very B more C little D less

62 A value B exchange C price D worth

63 A at B by C to D about

64 A big B great C small D little

65 A every B all C each D every other

答案：

01. B02. B03. A04. C05. D 06. B07. C08. A09. D10. A 11. C12. C13. C14. C15. A 16. A17. C18. A19. A20. C 21. B22. B23. F24. D25. A 26. B27. C28. A29. D30. E 31. A32. B33. C34. B35. D 36. C37. A38. D39. B40. A 41. C42. A43. D44. C45. B 46. D47. A48. E49. B50. F 51. B52. A53. B54. D55. A 56. A57. C58. C59. A60. B 61. D62. A63. B64. C65. A

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