新世纪大学英语综合教程第二册Unit 6答案

Listen and Respond

Task One Focusing on the Main Ideas

Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences according to the information contained in the listening passage. 1 The speaker believes that our success in life lies in ________.

A) working well with other people B) being a great player in a team

C) working with a great player like Michael Jordan D) performing a specific role in a team

2 The speaker cites Michael Jordan as an example because ________. A) Michael Jordan plays a very important role in a team

B) he wants to convince people of the importance of team work C) great players are vital for a team

D) Michael Jordan is an inspiring example of success

3 According to the speaker, the concept of teamwork is widely applied in many places EXCEPT ________.

A) in school B) in the workplace C) in sports D) in arts

4 It is the speaker’s opinion that if you want to become a successful college student you need to ________.

A) work hard at your courses B) do some lab work

C) cooperate well with others D) do some projects

Task Two Zooming In on the Details

Listen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.

1 Though Michael Jordan is a great player, he still has to cooperate well with his team members to win a game. Because every member of his team has a very specific role , and every member of the team is vital to the success of the team.

2 In the workplace, it is important to be regarded as a team player, for no one person can build a railroad or manage an airline. Success in school can also rely on teamwork.

3 Being social creatures, we can’t escape having to be team players .

Read and Explore

Task One Discovering the Main Ideas

1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.

1) Why is it an essential requirement of any employment that any potential employee is a team player?

Because any employment involves more than one person, it is essential that any employee should work well with other people.

2) What does being a team player mean on the deeper level?

On a deeper level, being a team player means being able to play a role in the team, to achieve and support the goals set and agreed upon by the team.

3) What is the duty of the team captain?

The duty of the team captain is to give direction to the team, in strategy, motivation and inspiration while also playing a role as a member of the team.

4) Why should a leader of a corporate team have the loyalty of its members?

Because if the team is not loyal to the leader, the team members will not listen to the leader and the objectives of the company would not be achieved.

5) Why is ―oneness‖ a necessary part of the corporate culture?

Because the success of the team relies completely on every member of the team performing their roles and responsibilities for the same corporate goals or objectives.

6) How should a competent leader deal with a team member’s new idea?

A competent leader should not let ego affect his judgment on whether the idea is acceptable or not.

7) If the idea of a team member is found inappropriate, how should he or she react properly?

He or she should not take the rejection of the idea personally. Instead, he or she should accept others' opinion and still carry out his or her duty.

2 Text A can be divided into three parts with the paragraph number(s) of each part provided as follows. Write down the main idea of each part.

Part: One; Paragraph(s): 1- 2; Main Idea: It is an essential requirement of any employment that any potential employee is a team player.

Part: Two; Paragraph(s): 3–11; Main Idea: A company is just like a football team. Every member has the duty to help achieve the team’s goal and the right to offer ideas.

Part: Three; Paragraph(s): 12–15; Main Idea: If you are not happy in your working environment, try to find out if there is anything wrong with you or your team.

Task Two Reading Between the Lines

Read the following sentences carefully and discuss in pairs what the author intends to say by the italicized parts.

1) If there is one player missing, the team is handicapped. (Para. 4)

..., the team cannot function properly.

2) Egos do not play any part in teamwork. (Para. 5)

There is no room for ego in a team.

3) In every action of the team, the objectives of the company, and / or, business strategy, MUST be first and foremost. (Para. 8)

... is undoubtedly the most important. (The objectives of the company ought to be considered the most important.)

4) It does not mean that you should merely follow the herd. (Para. 9)

... do just what everyone else does.

5) If your leader or team members see that you can handle rejection of your ideas in a mature manner, it is only to your own credit. (Para. 10)

... it is only to your advantage. / ... it is only in your favour.

Flexibility Alter your strategies to deal with unexpected circumstances.

Compromise Learn to listen to those in the team, particularly those who don’t agree with you.

Complimentary Criticism Compliment coworkers and subordinates in public, but criticize in private. Accept feedback from others and let your defenses down when you listen.

Physical Cues Use body language to show that you are not only listening to a person, but that you are really taking it in.

Own Up to It Acknowledge your mistake. Don’t shift the blame onto others or make excuses for failure.

Strong and Weak Know your own strengths and weaknesses and also those of your coworkers.

Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action

Working with Words and Expressions

1 In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.

1) This report is written from the viewpoint of a psychologist and it provides some deep insights into the outlook and expectations of today’s young people in our country.

2) After making some conventional opening remarks, she made an inspiring speech on environment protection.

3) The villagers are not merely satisfied with enough food to eat. They are also eager to learn modern advanced skills for farming.

4) Since it is valid to ask for sick leave, he often uses it as an excuse for staying away from school.

5) Building a healthy and productive workplace relationship is the key to improving productivity.

6) The TOEFL is designed to assess the English proficiency(水平,熟练程度) for those who intend to study abroad.

7) A firm belief in yourself is all that is needed to alter your life. No one except you alone can change it.

8) At 15, he left his hometown to look for employment in the city because he had to support the whole family.

9) Being competent means being more successful or better than somebody else who is trying to do the same as you.

10) The objective of college education is to provide the young with an opportunity to learn how to educate themselves throughout their lives.

11) Some of my friends are experts in this regard. From them you can seek

professional advice on the issue.

12) The only real security(安全感) that a man will have in this world is a reserve of knowledge, experience, and ability.

13) He isn’t going to shift his responsibility to anyone else. Instead, he is going to handle the problem himself.

14) We need to look for ways to make things safer, but we shouldn’t dismiss an idea because it isn’t 100% safe.

15) You must not take her criticisms of your plan personally . Actually, what she said does make sense to us all.

16) The ability to keep calm in a dangerous or critical situation is one of her many strengths .

17) The name of Dallas Mavericks(达拉斯小牛队) reflects Texas’ cowboy(牛仔) past. A ―maverick‖ is a rebellious person who refuses to obey social norms .

2 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.

1) You must keep some money inreserve because you may need it for some unexpected expenses.

2) To his credit , he won the first place in the 1000-meter race in spite of his illness.

3) In view of the late hour, we’ll have to put off that discussion until our next meeting.

4) I wish you were here now, so that I might thank you in person .

5) Since what he says sounds logical, I’d like to take up his suggestion and drop my own.

6) He is a man of creative thinking and hates to follow the herd in everything he does.

7) We must assess / judge each plan with fairness and on its (own) merits , not according to our personal preference.

8) Be flexible and you won’t be taken by surprise when something in your life

takes an unexpected turn .

Increasing Your Word Power

1 Fill in each blank in the following sentences with a proper preposition, paying attention to the collocations of verbs and prepositions.

1) I suggested that the secretary should adapt herself to the new conditions in the company.

2) Their proposal was not in line with ours. So we failed to agree on the issue of long-term cooperation.

3) Nobody owes anybody a living, but everybody is entitled to a chance.

4) At first her parents worried about her safety and disapproved of her going to Africa all by herself.

5) If you are a member of our club, you must conform to the rules of our club.

6) The success of the project relies on good teamwork, so we should try our best to cooperate well with other departments of our company.

7) Do not confine your children to your home environment; they must learn how to communicate and interact with others outside your home.

8) Public attention at the moment is focused on the environmental problem.

9) Joe is not good at languages, but when it comes to mathematics he’s the best in the class.

10) At first she didn’t realize that her youth and beauty would expose her to so many dangers in the war.

2 We can use many different adjectives to describe physical size, such as big, large, huge, enormous, tall, etc. But when we talk about something that is not physical, we tend to choose adjectives that can intensify the meaning of a noun. In such cases, we need to keep in mind that different nouns need different adjectives to intensify them. Now study the adjectives in the box below and decide which one can best complete each of the following sentences.

1) After the meeting he went slowly back to his dorm in deep thought.

2) The operation was a total success and she left the hospital a week later.

3) On our way back home from the subway(地铁) station, we got caught in a

heavy shower(阵雨).

4) If you want to achieve a high goal, you will have to take some chances.

5) After his mother died, Peter fell into a deep depression(沮丧).

6) Fortunately, the teacher had a strong sense of humor and laughed at the practical joke.

7) She always had high expectations of her staff; no wonder they won an award for their good teamwork.

8) We arrived home two hours late because of the heavy traffic.

9) We used to have a very close friendship but things have changed recently.

10) The film was boring; it was a total waste of time.

3 Word Building

In English, the prefixes co-, con- and com- all mean “together; with”, and they are used to form new words, as is shown in the following table.

Now match each of the English words in Column A with its Chinese meaning in Column B. You may consult a dictionary if necessary. 1)e 2) h 3) j 4) b

5) k 6) g 7) a 8) m 9)f 10) d 11) i 12) c 13) l

Grammar in Context

Task 1: Study the following sentences and reflect on the use of conditional clauses, paying special attention to the use of verb tenses.

Now fill in each of the following blanks with the proper form of the verb given in brackets.

1) The little boy was not aware of the danger. He would open the door if he

heard/ should hear (hear) anybody knock at the door.

2) He said he could wait if I had got/got (get) everything ready the next day.

3) I will say sorry to him for my fault on condition that he has realized (realize) his own mistake in the matter.

4) We will not attack unless we are attacked (attack); if we are attacked (attack) we will certainly counterattack.

5) I will let you have the book if I have finished (finish) reading it this evening.

6) If you leave (leave) at six tomorrow morning you’d better go to bed now.

7) I will come to the meeting provided that you let (let) me know in good time.

8) We will have a football match if it is (be) fine tomorrow.

9) As long as we don’t lose (not lose) heart, we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty in this crisis.

10) We would have enjoyed our spring outing if it had not rained (rain) last Sunday.

11) It is raining heavily now. If it weren’t raining (not rain) we wouldn’t be staying indoors.

12) I would certainly go if I had (have) the time. But I am busy with the coming exam.

Task 2: Study the following sentences and reflect on the use of direct speech and indirect speech.

Now put the following direct speech into indirect speech. 1) ―We’ve seen some of these animated cartoons,‖ the children said.

The children said (that) they had seen some of those animated cartoons.

2) ―I know I won’t be able to do it,‖ John said.

John said (that) he knew he wouldn’t be able to do it.

3) ―Joe can’t have done such a thing. He is such a conscientious young man,‖ Mary said.

Mary said (that) Joe couldn’t have done such a thing, for he was such a conscientious young man.

4) Last Friday Mary asked John, ―Are you going to plant trees with us tomorrow?‖

Last Friday Mary asked John whether / if he was going to plant trees with them the next day.

5) ―How long have you been waiting for us?‖ he asked John.

He asked John how long he had been waiting for them.

6) The old lady downstairs said to us, ―Be quiet after midnight.‖

The old lady downstairs told us to be quiet after midnight.

7) ―Don’t forget to take your notebooks with you, class!‖ the monitor said to us.

The monitor reminded us not to forget to take our notebooks with us.

8) ―What a lovely house!‖ John said.

John remarked what a lovely house it was. / John remarked that it was a lovely house. Cloze

Complete the following passage with words chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each is given.

In many job interviews, a common question is whether the interviewee is a ―team player‖. But what does being (1) a team player really mean? On the most basic level, a team player is someone who (2) can work within a group of people. Therefore it is an essential (3) requirement of any employment that any potential employee (4) is a team player. On a deeper level, a team player is

someone who can play a role (5) in the team, to achieve and support the goals (6) set and agreed upon by the team. Every member of the team should have specific (7) roles and responsibilities in view of achieving their common (8) goals. The success of the team relies completely on (9) every member of the team carrying out their roles and responsibilities in line (10) with the direction of the leader. Being a team player does not mean (11) that you do not have any ideas of your own. It does not mean you should always agree (12) with the rest of the team. Don’t be afraid to offer (13) new ideas even seemingly crazy ones. Everyone in the team should feel free to come up with new ideas and not worry about them being dismissed.

Translation

Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.

1) 我们一起工作已经很长时间了，从来没有因为意见分歧而妨碍到我们之间的友谊。(get in the way of sth.)

We’ve worked together for a long time and have never let our differing opinions get in the way of our friendship.

2) 这项协议将为两国间的持久和平铺平道路。 (pave the way for)

This agreement will pave the way for a lasting peace between the two countries.

3) 他们通常要等你开始放松警惕，才提出他们的要求。 (let one’s defenses down)

They usually don’t mention their requirements until you are beginning to let your defenses down.

4) 要有勇气面对自己的失误，不要出了问题就想把责任推到别人身上去。 (shift the blame onto sb.)

You should have the courage to face your own mistakes. Don’t try to shift the blame onto others when things go wrong. / … Don’t try to shift the blame onto other shoulders when things go wrong.

5) 如果你经常担惊受怕，你会发现这本书很有帮助。 (more often than not)

If you are more often than not affected by fear and worry, you will find this book very useful.

6) 我既然接受了这个职位，就会尽自己所能完成本职工作。 (to the best of one’s ability)

Now that I have accepted the position, I shall certainly do to the best of my ability all that is required of me.

7) 如果你每天要做的事情没有计划，你就很可能做不了多少事。 (chances are high that …)

If you don’t have a plan of what you will do every day, chances are high that you won’t do much.

8) 真是英雄所见略同啊。你的想法跟他的完全一致呢。 (in line with)

Great minds think alike. Your ideas are completely in line with his.

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