英语专业八级考试_-_英语语言学

语言学知识点

2012

38. In English ifa word begins with a [l] or a [r], then the next sound must be a vowel. This is a (n) A. assimilation rule. B. sequential rule. C.deletion rule. D. grammar rule. 39. Which of the following is an example of clipping? A.APEC. B.Motel. C.Xerox. D.Disco. 40. The type of language which is selected as appropriate to a particular type of" situation is called A. register. B. dialect. C. slang. D. variety.

38. _______ is defined as the study of the relationship between language and mind. A. Semantics B. Pragmatics C. Cognitive linguistics D. Sociolinguistics 参考答案： C 39. A vowel is different from a consonant in English because of ________. A. absence of obstruction B. presence of obstruction C. manner of articulation D. place of articulation 参考答案： A

2011

40. The definition "the act of using or promoting the use of several languages, either by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers" refers to _________. A. Pidgin B. Creole C. Multilingualism D. Bilingualism

________ refers to the learning and development of a language. A. Language acquisition B. Language comprehension C. Language production D. Language instruction 39. The word “ Motel” comes from “motor + hotel”. This is an example of ________ in morphology. A. backformation B. conversion C. blending D. acronym

2010

40. Language is t tool of communication. The symbol “ Highway Closed” on a highway serves A. an expressive function. B. an informative function. C. a performative function. D. a persuasive function.

2009 38. The study of the mental processes of language comprehension and production is A. corpus linguistics. B. sociolinguistics. C. theoretical linguistics. D. psycholinguistics.

39. A special language variety that mixes languages and is used by speakers of different languages for purposes of trading is called A. dialect. B. idiolect. C. pidgin. D. register.

40. When a speaker expresses his intention of speaking, such as asking someone to open the window, he is performing A. an illocutionary act. B. a perlocutionary act. C. a locutionary act. D. none of the above.

2008英语专业8级38. Which of the following is NOT a design feature of human language? A. Arbitrariness. B. Displacement. C. Duality. D. Diachronicity. 考点：语言的定义性特征design feature Arbitrariness Duality Creativity (Productivity) Displacement Cultural transmission

39. What type of sentence is “Mark likes fiction, but Tim is interested in poetry.”? A. simple sentence. B. coordinate sentence. C. complex sentence. D. None of the above

考点：句法—句子的类型 简单句 并列句 复杂句

40. The phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form is called A. hyponymy. B. synonymy. C. polysemy. D. homonymy.考点：语义—

词汇的意义关系 Homonymy同音、同形异义night/knight Hyponymy上下义关系 Polysemy多义现象 Synonymy同义现象

2007英语专业8级

38. _______ refers to the study of the internal structure of words and the rules of word formation. A. Phonology B. Morphology C. Semantics D. Sociolinguistics考点：语言学各分支 Phonetics—语音学 sound Phonology—音位学sounds Morphology—形态学word Syntax—句法学sentence Semantics—语义学meaning Pragmatics—语用学meaning in use/context Sociolinguistics—社会语言学language and society

39. The distinctive features of a speech variety may be all the following EXCEPT A. Lexical B. syntactic C. Phonological D. psycholinguistic

考点：语言学中的重要概念speech variety

40. The word tail once referred to “the tail of a horse”, but now it is used to mean “the tail of any animal.” This is an example of A. widening of meaning B. narrowing of meaning C. meaning shift D. loss of meaning考点：语义关系—词汇的意义变化、语言的历史性发展 语音，词汇，意义均发生变化 扩展、缩小、改变

2006年英语专业八级38.What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is the notion of A.Reference B.meaning C.Antonymy D.context考点：语义学和语用学的区别 Semantics—语义学，词典意义，语言成分本身的内在含义 Pragmatics—语用学，使用中的含义。语言成分在特定语 的特定含义

39.The words"kid,child,offspring" are examples of A.dialectal synonyms B.stylistic synonyms C.emotive synonyms D.collocational synonyms

考点：语义学—词汇的意义关系—同义现象

40.The distinction between parole and langue was made by A.Halliday B.Chomsky C.Bloomfield D.Saussure考点：重要人物及其贡献

Bloomfield—S-R Chomsky--competence & performance转换生成 Halliday—functional系统功能 Saussure—现代语言学之父 language & parole John Austin—speech act John Searle—further development(indirect speech act) Grice--CP

2005年英语专业8级38. Syntax is the study of A. language functions. B. sentence structures. C. textual organization.D. word formation.

考点：句法学研究对象

39. Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language? A. Arbitrariness. B. Productivity. C. Cultural transmission. D. Finiteness.

考点：语言的定义性特征

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/xs61.html