大学英语一周一练3 答案

Unit One

Key to Extended Reading Skills Practice

1. 直接定义 bilingual: 会说两种语言的 2. 近义复述 attribute: 特质，才能 3. 对比和比较表达 litter: 狼崽 4. 举例表达 ravenous: 饿极了

5. 解释说明 procrastinating: 拖延；耽搁 6. 构词法 unforeseeable: 不能预见 7. 常识 trays: 托盘或盘子

Key to Extended Translating Skills Practice 1. 我没有数学方面的天赋。（原文中的head本来是“头脑”的意思，但是可以引申为“对数学没有天赋”。） 2. 男孩兴奋得眼睛睁得圆圆的。

3. 这对双胞胎兄弟毫不相似，科林个子高而且很活跃，约翰个子矮而且老成。 4. 激光的妙处就在于它能进行机械加工而不必实际接触所加工的材料。 5. 这里为国内市场生产了许多产品。 6. 松树的树根在石缝间扎下去。

Key to Extended Writing Skills and Practice

1) The ability to write well-organized, concise paragraphs is essential to a student’s success in almost all university courses. （Topic Sentence）In preparing scientific reports of laboratory experiments, a student must present his or her findings in logical order and clear language in order to receive a favorable evaluation of his work. In writing successful answers to essay questions on history or anthropology examinations, a student must arrange the relevant facts and opinions according to some accepted pattern of paragraph structure. And certainly in writing a book report for English, or a critique for political studies, or a term paper for sociology, a student must pay attention to the style and organization as well as the content. (Developing sentences) Clearly, skill in expository writing is crucial to successful achievement in most university subjects. (Concluding sentence)

2) This term several useful and interesting courses have been offered. （Topic Sentence） An introduction to European Culture, for instance, gives us a lot of background knowledge of the history of European philosophy, literature, and arts. From time to time we see slide shows of famous paintings and hear tapes of famous pieces of music, and they make the lectures all the more interesting. American Society and Culture is another course that attracts a large audience. The teacher, who visited the United States not long ago, discusses new trends and changes in American life as well as American history and traditions. (Developing sentences) We like these and other courses very much, because they help us not only to improve our English but also to broaden our vision. (Concluding sentence)

Key to Review and Test （1）

Part I Writing(略)

Part II. Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning） 1-7 B C C A A B B

8. reminds 9. accounting for 10. total emission Part III. Listening Comprehension

11-25 CDBAC CCBBA BCACB 26-35 BCABB DCBAD 36 last 37 largest 38 educate 39 present 40 single 41 officials 42 celebrated 43 attend

44 The fair provides a chance for the farming communities to show its skills and faming products.

45 Today, children and adults at the fair can play new computer games, or attend more traditional games of skill.

46 because people need to remember that they’re connected to the earth and its products,

Part IV. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 47-56 D B E I J K O M A H 57-61 CBDCA 62-66 CBBDC Part V. Cloze

67-76 ACBCA DBACA 77-86 DDABC DDBBA Part VI. Translation 87 at the expense of his health 88 were overtaken by bad weather 89 take the engine apart

90 a family who can’t communicate with each other 91 At this rate, we’ll soon be bankrupt

Unit Two

Key to Extended Reading Skills Practice 1

microphone autobiography invisible postdoctoral unbreakable forecast incapable interdepartmental incorrect disagree trans-Atlantic disability irregular misunderstand superpower telescope overestimated unnatural 2

recommendation persistence imagination physicist creativity leadership purification musician curiosity cultural modernization childhood/childish simplicity/simplistic dangerous marriage hopefully specialize development

Key to Extended Translating Skills Practice

1 妈妈为了挣足够的钱让我接受教育，经常承担额外的工作。 2 许多人喜欢购买高质量的东西。

3 赫尔曼·爱因斯坦给阿尔伯特带了个小玩意儿，正是这个小玩意儿激发了他的智力。

4 大多数父母所关注的事是为他们的孩子尽可能提供最佳教育。 5 你必须服从我的一切命令。

6 玛丽尽管经历了艰难困苦，却从未放弃对知识的追求。

Key to Extended Writing Skills Practice

1 It was a busy morning for Sandy. After getting up, Sandy walked into the bathroom and turned on the shower. Then she grabbed the soap and washed thoroughly, including her hair. After her shower, Sandy brushed her hair, put on her old, green T-shirt and some jeans. Then she put on her makeup and went to the kitchen. As usual, she didn't know what to have for breakfast, so she grabbed a glass of milk and ate a piece of toast while standing by the sink. Just then, her mother, Jane, entered the kitchen. 2 (略)

Key to Review and Test （2）

Part I. Writing (略)

Part II. Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning） 1-7 N N Y NG N Y N

8. had been passed 9. remain permanently 10. recommendation Part III. Listening Comprehension

11-25 CABAC BDDDC BDABA 26-35 ACBAC DACDA 36 different 37 scientist 38 investigate 39 further 40 reasonable 41 confirmed 42 questions 43 knowledge 44 There is no room for half right or right just half the time

45 the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions

46 who developed the theory of relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics Part IV. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 47-56 K C B A N G D H E F 57-61 DABDA 62-66 ADDBA Part V. Cloze

67-76 BADBD ABCCA 77-86 BDACA DBCCA Part VI. Translation

87 will convince you to change your mind 88 can theory be separated from practice 89 she write her feelings down on paper

90 Taking his inexperience into account/ consideration 91 try to adjust to cold weather in winter

Unit Three

Key to Extended Reading Skills Practice

Wal-mart’s main discount operation in April began selling the chest freezers in half of its 2,600 stores, while most of its stores sell at least one of two versions of compact refrigerators made by Haier. “When those college kids using our little refrigerators grow up and marry, we want them to be thinking of us for their first fridge,” said Michael Jemal, Haier America’s president, who was Haier’s first US distributor before setting up the unit in 1999.

Key to Extended Translating Skills Practice 1他醒来的时候，她就像平时那样望着他。

2他越是想要掩盖他的错误，就越是容易暴露。 3双方均不得无故解除合同。 4 我把手放进口袋。

5 我花了很长时间才到了医院。 6 冬天，北方的天气比南方冷得多。 7 当教员的应当有耐心。

8 作为学生，我们应该投入到学习中。

Key to Extended Writing Skills Practice

1 Topic Sentence: In his will, Alfred Nobel left specific instructions as to how the winners of the science awards he endowed are to be selected. Listing Signals: first; second; next; finally

Steps: 1. First, to solicit (征求) nearly two thousand recommendations from all over the world.

2. Second, to review the recommendations received and select the preliminary candidates.

3. Next, to make the final choices for each discipline.

4. Finally, to send telegrams to inform the new Nobel laureates of their awards.

2 The correct order is: 1 3 7 2 6 5 4 8 3 (略)

Key to Review and Test （3）

Part I. Writing (略)

Part II. Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning） 1-7 ADCDB BA

8. less expensive metals 9. has been invested 10. commitment Part III. Listening Comprehension

11-25 BDBBC BBCBA CCBAD 26-35 ACBAC DACDA 36 entertainment 37 regular 38 whether 39 weekends 40 families 41 beginning 42 controlled 43 networks 44 by trying to present programs with wide popular appeal

45 the higher the network can charge a company for commercials during the program 46 Cable television companies sell television programming directly to the public Part IV. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 47. Having a cafe on seemingly every street corner in America. 48. a good sign 49. 1500.

50. Only on luxury goods website Gilt.com. 51. hold a metallic gift card in their hand 52-56 ADDBA 57-61 BCADC Part V. Cloze

62-71 DBCAA CBADC 72-81 DABCD AABBC Part VI. Translation

82 American mothers have long believed 83 Compared with many others

84 beyond our imagination/ more than we can imagine 85 a massive ad campaign to promote its air-conditioner sales 86 nothing is more attractive to me than music

Unit Four

Key to Extended Reading Skills Practice 1. He believes in Catholicism.

2. Many religious leaders criticize his cloning plan as an offence to human dignity, while other scientists are supporting him. 3. It seemed that the pressure is increasing.

4. Without thinking about it carefully, they began to run a risk.

5. If their natural senses are wrong, the negative reaction to cloning could be a disaster.

Key to Extended Translating Skills Practice 1. 火箭已经用来探索宇宙。

2. 仔细研究原文，你会翻译得更好。 3. 他吃得饱睡得香。 4. 他全家都是虔诚的教徒。

5. 医生们说他们不敢肯定能否救得了他的命。 6. 在他们看来，他就是绝对权威的化身。

Key to Review and Test (4)

Part I. Writing (略)

Part II. Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning） 1-7 B C A A B B C

8. development of treatments and cures 9. moral value and ethical principles. 10. political and religious

Part III. Listening Comprehension

11-25. CCBDB ADDBD DBBDB 26-35. DABCA BDABD 36 origin 37 unlike

38 communicate

39 signs

40 represent

41 power 42 associations 43 filled

44 the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past;

45 but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions.

46 He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which can move men to tears by their position and association. Part IV. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 47-56 C I G M F K B N A J 57-61 CADCA 62-66 CBCDD Part V. Cloze

67-76 ACCDA BCBCA Part VI. Translation 87. shot to fame

88. find the cure for colds. 89. keep bird flu at bay. 90. Like it or not

91. several real estates to his name

77-86 DBDCA CABAD

Key to Midterm Test

Part I. Writing (略)

Part II. Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning） 1-7 ADCDB BA

8. a negative thought 9. more severe and surprising 10. get divorced Part III. Listening Comprehension

11-25 DCBCB BCC AB DCADA 26-35 DCAAC DACDB 36 changed 37 Experiments 38 researchers 39 thoughts 40 Educational 41 various 42 operations 43 broadcast

44 With the development of science and technology, the problem of how to telecast them in full color was solved

45 The programs that people watch are not only local and national ones.

46 the first astronauts to land on the moon televised their historic “moon walk” to viewers on the earth

Part IV. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 47-56 K C B A N G D H E F 57-61 DABDA 62-66 ADDBA Part V. Error Correction

67 with→for 68 ^ to 69 frustrating→ frustrated 70 writing→ written 71 maximum→ minimum 72 particular→ particularly 73 except→ beside 74 in→ with 75 indicates→ indicate 76 basically→ basic Part VI. Translation 77 It is known to all

78 make up for the loss caused by the big fire 79 can’t have seen him in the office

80 there being a chance for him to be sent abroad very soon 81 keep pace with the rapid changes of society

Unit Five

Key to Extended Reading Skills Practice 1 1-8: CCDDB CAD

2

1.递进 2.对照 3. 转折 4. 因果 5.例证 6.让步 7. 总结 8.顺序 9.强调 10. 概括

Key to Extended Translating Skills Practice

1. 今天的教师懂得，他们给孩子们上课节奏要快，而且还要有情趣，因为这些孩子是在看电视和玩电脑游戏的环境中长大的。

2. 首相决心改革一种政治制度。这个制度有时看来似乎只适合搞搞筹款那一套，而不解决实际问题。

3. 他们对这些酬劳看来是很得意的，这些酬劳是他们历经千辛万苦，通过取得许可多次令人难以置信的胜利得来的。

4. 这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间，当时一些国家得出结论：政府要向科研机构提出的具体要求通常是无法详尽预见的。

5. 我谨代表所有美国客人向你们表示感谢，感谢你们的无可比拟的盛情款待，中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名世界。

6. 我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点：

Key to Extended Writing Skills and Practice 1

Increasing your vocabulary can help you in a number of ways. (1)Knowing synonyms(同义词), for example, will enable you to avoid unnecessary repetitions in your compositions and thus make them interesting to read. (2)Also, an increased vocabulary will make your own reading more enjoyable. You will find it much easier to follow the ideas in your story textbook or the newspaper. (3)Furthermore, with a large vocabulary, you can talk more freely. Whatever company you are in, you will find that you are able to hold the interest of your listeners. Therefore, you must enlarge your vocabulary if you want to communicate with others more effectively. 2 (略)

Key to Review and Test （5）

Part I. Writing (略)

Part II. Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning） 1-7 ADBABCA

8. is an increase 9. has been a failure/has failed 10. are faced with/are facing/face harsh budget cuts Part III. Listening Comprehension

11-25 CCCBB CCBCC BDBCB 26-35 BCCBB CADCB

36. complicated 37. public 38. average 39. following 40. consensus 41. ranks 42. District 43. analyst

44. it ranks 42nd in the proportion of pupils who graduate

45. must have decided to reduce the investment in its children and to rearrange resources to such things as prisons.

46. For a state that sees itself as a pioneer of the global “knowledge economy”, that seems unreasonable.

Part IV. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 47-56 B L D M N F O H I J 57-61 CBACD 62-66 BDBDC Part V. Cloze

67-76 ACBDA ADBCB 77-86 CDDAA BBCDC Part VI. Translation 87 confuse the twins

88 Hang on at your present job 89 did not escape him 90 until he informed me 91 may have to resort to force

Unit Six

Key to Extended Reading Skills Practice

1.占重要地位 2. 新手 3. 他的经济实力 4. 缺劳力 5. 将我卷入事件中

Key to Extended Translating Skills Practice

1. 那天，总统会见了她的父亲，因为她的父亲即将乘航天飞机去登月。 2. 他会想念很多事和很多人，包括简。 3. 我到达峰顶时很兴奋。 4. 楼下有人找你。

5. 二战在1945年四月结束了。

Key to Extended Writing Skills Practice

1. 1) Contrast 2) Contrast 3) Comparison 2. (略)

4) Comparison 5) Contrast

Key to Review and Test （6） Part I. Writing (略)

Part II. Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning） 1-7 C B B A D C A

9. conform to 9. location 10. understanding Part III. Listening Comprehension

11-25 CBCBD BCBBC BBCAD 26-35 DBDBD ABCCD 36 declared 37 individuals 38 estimated 39 majority 40 attend 41 studies 42 efforts 43 illiterate

44 To learn his system, people must first know how to write letters of the alphabet and learn which sounds they represent.

45 The second can be written between two lines but part of the letter is above the top line.

46 In this way, his students learned more than seven hundred words. Part IV. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 47-56 L M A I C G N D E K 57-61 BCDCC 62-66 DBCCA Part V. Cloze

67-76 BADAC BCADB 77-86 DCABD BCBDC Part VI. Translation

87. take having an endless supply of clean water for granted 88. thanks to a lot of hard work

89. but the police take control of the situation now 90. fans were milling about outside the hotel 91. called out their names in turn

Unit Seven

Key to Extended Reading Skills Practice 该语篇的衔接手段分析如下: （一）逻辑衔接手段:

1．表强调：句（5）用But强调了纳粹的罪大恶极。

2. 表比较：句（4）里的比较结构No one has been a more表达了作者对共产主义的无比憎恨。

3. 表空间：句（6）里的before；句（7）里的on the threshold；句（11）里的from；句（13）里in the sky起到了很好的衔接作用使文章更加连贯。

4. 表时间；句（8）里from time immemorial强调了苏联人民世代生存的热土受到了威胁，激发英军帮助苏联的爱心；句（9）里用when把苏联人民保卫家园妇幼老人儿童祈福的场景衔接起来，加强了大家保卫苏联的决心。

5．表转折：句（10）里的but再次描述了苏联人民安土乐业的生活正在受到纳粹的肆意践踏，强调援苏抗德的重要性。

6. 表增补：句（2）、（3）里的and 重现了纳粹的惨无人道，(13)里的and强调如果没有英国的帮助，苏联必将沦丧在德国纳粹的铁蹄之下。 （二）语法衔接手段: 1．排比

句8-13 是一个包含了6个句子的排比结构，生动形象地再现了纳粹德国入侵时，苏联人民处于水深火热之中的场景，也展示了纳粹德国的凶残和野心，使语篇读起来朗朗上口，语义连贯紧密。 2．替代

句（2）、（3）用it替代Nazi regime; 句（3）、（4）、（6）、（7）、（8）、（9）、（10）里用I 替代作者；句（8）里的them替代Russian soldiers；句（13）里用they 替代German bombers and fighters。这些替代的使用是表达更加简洁，体现了英语语言的逻辑性很严密。 3．省略

句（4）是个省略句，No one has been a more consistent opponent of Communism than I have Φ for the last twenty-five years.该句里出现了右省现象，动词been 被省略。 4．照应

指示照应：句（2）、（3）中的it 所指对象是句①里的the Nazi regime;

句5，句8- 13句里的I 照应作者本人。比较照应：句（1）里，用表比较意义的短语is indistinguishable from把句子的主语和补语衔接起来，句（3）用all forms of humanwickedness in the efficiency of its cruelty and ferocious aggression照应句（1）里的the worst features of Communism，从而承接上下文；句（4）用比较结

构No one has been a more表示前照应。人称照应：句5，句8- 13句里的I 指作者本人；句（8）、（9）里 的their指苏联红军； （三）词汇衔接手段:

本语篇围绕二战中纳粹德国入侵苏联形成了几个词汇链：

1．The Nazi regime，Communism，appetite and racial domination，humanwickedness，cruelty，crimes，its follies, its tragedies

2．Russian soldiers, mothers, their wives, their children,

3． the Nazi war machine, hideous onslaught, dandified Prussian officers, crafty expert agents

4． the Hun soldiery, dull, drilled, docile, brutish

Key to Extended Translating Skills Practice 1. 事情发生在我在美国的时候。 2. 重量是50公斤。 3. 去年冬天雪下得不多。

4. 事实上，在重要的足球比赛时，警察维持秩序很困难。 5. 学生们认为学习英语时必须听说领先。

6. 正是我的老师帮助我在那困难的岁月里渡过难关。 7. 水到零度才结冰。

8. 是你的能力很重要，而不是你从哪来或者你是谁。 9. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！ 10. 有人建议取消这次会议。

Key to Extended Writing Skills and Practice （略）

Key to Review and Test （7）

Part I. Writing (略)

Part II Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning）

1-7 DBADDAC 8. lose weight, fit in 9. taking drugs without a prescription 10. giving medication to

Part III Listening Comprehension

11-25 BCACB CCACC ACADB 26-35 BCDAB CCDCC

36.accurate 37.immediately 38. catch 39. participants 40.occurred 41.direct 42. sight 43. hearing

44.research into the relationship between sight and sound could affect the way we 1ook at peop1e with attention disorder.

45. Research into this area may lead to better treatment for people who have a hard time paying attention.

46. to take into consideration the relationship between sound and sight Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 47-56 JDKHB MACOF 57-61 BDCCA 62-66 CCABD Part V Cloze

67-76 CBDAA DBCAA 77-86 DCABD CBBCC

Part VI Translation

87.If only somebody had told us 88.spent much time preparing 89.the more depressed she became/felt 90.as if nothing important had happened 91.He left in charge of the shop

Unit Eight

Key to Extended Reading Skills Practice 1

1. b/d 2. a 3. b 4. c

Sentence 1 may be followed by either sentence B or D because however has a wider range of meaning than in contrast. However may often be used in place of in contrast. Note that sentence 3 could not be followed by sentence D. However: adding a fact or a piece of information that seems surprising or seem to disagree with what you have said, On the contrary: showing that you disagree completely with what you have said. In/by contrast: comparing objects or situations and saying that they are completely different with each other. 2

1 In contrast (However also fits here, but In contrast does not fit in no.4, where However is the only possibility.) 2 In other words 3 Moreover 4 However 5 Consequently

Key to Extended Translating Skills Practice

1. 事情就如你喜欢的那样。 2. 他能跑得和我一样快。

3. 小猫把那个盒子当做它的床。 4. 吉姆跑得快，但我跑得也一样快 5. 因为你不在那里，我留了个信儿。 6. 她由於生病可能需要些帮助。

7. 她彷佛茫然不知身在何处，犹犹豫豫向四周打量。 8. 如你所知，塞浦路斯是地中海的岛国。

Key to Extended Writing Skills Practice 1

1. Yes, there is. The topic sentence is the first sentence.

2. The subject is the time most students spend studying for a test. 3. Yes, they are. In time order. 4. Outline:

1) Phase One runs from the day the test is announced to approximately forty-eight hours before the exam is passed out.

2) Phase Two is entered two days to the test.

3) Phase Three, the final phase, is entered twelve hours before “Zero Hour”. 2 (略)

Key to Review and Test （8）

Part I. Writing (略)

Part II. Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning） 1-7 ABCADAD

9. utility-billing savings 9. self-denial 10. incentives Part III. Listening Comprehension

11-25 CDBBB BDCCB CADBD 26-35 ABDBD AACDA 36 alarming 37 increased 38 sheer 39 signs 40 comparison 41 proportion 42 workforce 43 reverse 44 the percentage of people living in cities is much higher than the percentage working in industry

45 there is not enough money to build adequate houses for the people that live there 46 So the figures for the growth of towns and cities represent proportional growth of unemployment and underemployment

Part IV. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 47-51 ECOFL 52-56 IJGAK 57-61 CABDD 62-66 AABDB Part V. Cloze

67-76 CDDAA BADAC 77-86 ABBBC DCCDA Part VI. Translation

87 to make him stick out from the crowd 88 doctors are no different from anyone else 89 are unlikely to be made public 90 In comparison to advertising

91 must adjust to weightlessness

Key to Final Test

Part I. Writing (略)

Part II. Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning） 1-7 DACAB CA

8. overcharge 9. store it with battery in a 50 percent charge state 10. final testing place

Part III. Listening Comprehension

11-25 CABBD ACABB AABBD 26-35 BABDB ADDBA 36 younger 37 indicates 38 supervision 39 influence 40 behavior 41 sponsored 42 equipped 43 average

44 They spend most of that time -- almost two and a half hours a day -- watching television.

45 Although they still read for fun- on average 44 minutes a day, a growing number of kids spend a lot of time playing computers and video games.

46 Therefore, many people link exposure to violent TV, computer and video programming

Part IV. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 47-56 N K G I D J F A B L 57-61 ABDBC 62-66 DDBCB Part V. Cloze

67-76 ABCDB DAABB 77-86 ACADA BADAC Part VI. Translation

87 see to it that you let him know it

88 who has pointed out my shortcomings and encouraged me 89 has never occurred to me

90 in order to meet the needs of tourism 91 the more likely you will pass the exam

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