俞伟国雅思写作教材

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新东方学校俞伟国

Total Solution of IELTS Writing

俞伟国

新东方学校俞伟国

雅思考试作文部分题型

课时安排:

Marking System

Essay Writing

Introduction

Body

Conclusion

Structure

Report Writing

近年雅思考试中国大陆考区作文部分得分情况(From Mat Clark)

Band4 or below: 15%-20% Band5: 60% Band6:

Band7: <5% Band8 or above: Rare

Key Language Features in Marking System

Task Response:

1. No evidence of digression/irrelevant content

2. Adequate Words

3. Position + Supporting Ideas + Development

Coherence and Cohesion

1. Logical overall structure

2. Topic Sentence

3. Cohesive devices

Lexical Resource

1. Accurateness

2. Authentic Vocabulary (Less-common Vocabulary)

3. Variety

Grammatical Range and Accuracy

1. Accurateness

2. Complex Sentence

3. Variety

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15%-20%

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Chapter One-Essay Writing

第一章. 议论文完全攻略

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

Part One-Introduction

-闪亮开篇-

-Version 5.7-

Structure of Introduction

1. Background Information

(1). Lead-in Sentence (Introduce the subject of the topic)

(2). Public Opinion

2. Statement (State your position)

1. 主体背景(Background Information)

(1) In the last century, the first man walking on the moon said: “It is a big step for mankind”. However, some people think it made little difference to people’s lives. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (2006.4.8)

______________________________, when ________________________________________________________________ for the first time, he _____________________________________________________ that it was a great step for mankind. Nowadays, however, some people believe that it actually _____________________________________________________

Language Skill: Paraphrase方法之一 - 具体化 (笼统概念-缩小范围)

(2) Food can be produced much more cheaply today because of improved fertilizers and better machinery. However, some people think the methods used to do this may have negative effects on local communities and be dangerous to human health. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (2005.2.5)

Nowadays people can _______________ food far more _______________ _________________________ more _______________ fertilizers and machinery. Nevertheless, some people hold the methods used may ____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Language Skill: Paraphrase 方法之二 - 单词转换 (优先考虑三大词类: ) Paraphrase方法之三 - 句型转换 (方法1 ) (方法2 )

(3) Many people say teachers should only teach students academic subjects;Others say teachers should also take the responsibility of teaching students to judge what is right and wrong. Discuss the both viewpoints and give your own opinion. (2006.3.18)

Some people hold the opinion that _______________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ While some argue that _________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

Language Skill: 句型转换 (方法3 )

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(4) Some people believe that air travel should be prohibited as it uses up fuel resources and causes pollution. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? You should use your own experience to support your argument. (2006.2.18)

According to some __________, air travel should be _________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Language Skill: Paraphrase思路顺序: 单词转换>句型转换>具体化

(5) Some people believe that scientific research should be conducted by the government rather by private companies. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (2005.12.10)

Some people propose that______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

Language Skill:句型转换 (方法4 )

(6). In modern society, there are more and more old people, do you think its benefits outweigh its disadvantages? (2006.2.12)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Language Skill: 信息量偏少的Topic Introduction写作对策

追根溯源法 - Factor(s) [因]-Phenomenon (Subject) [果]

2. 总论点(Statement)

Topic-If children behave badly, should their parents accept responsibility and also be punished?

Average Example:In my opinion, the parents should not be punished.

Decent Example:In my opinion, the parents should not be punished except that (unless) they are those who purposefully teach the child to behave badly.

Topic-Some people think that it is beneficial for students to go to private secondary schools. But others feel that it has negative effects on them. Discuss the both viewpoints and give your opinion. (2006.6.24)

From my point of view, it is an ideal choice to send children to private middle schools ______________________________

Exercise1: Topic-Should college students be allowed to get married?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Language Skill: 句型转换 (方法5 )

Exercise2: Topic-Should college students be encouraged to take up part-time jobs?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Language Skill: 句型转换 (方法6 )

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3. Report-Introduction写作对策

Far too little has been done to prevent animals and plants from dying out while people have noticed this problem for a long time. Why people do little action about it? Give your suggestions on how to solve this situation. (2005.12.3) Today, the phenomenon that ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________has aroused growing concern. In my opinion, a lot of factors contribute to the problem and in this article, I would like to ___________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________

*This phenomenon, as far as I am concerned, can be attributed to the following causes, which could be regarded as the apple of discord.

Structure of Report Introduction

1. Lead-in Sentence (Paraphrase the first sentence in the topic)

2. Plan A: Essay Statement

Plan B: Linking Sentence

Exercise1: The development of technologies is causing environmental problems. Some people believe that the solution is for everyone to adopt a simpler way of life while others say that technologies can solve these problems. Discuss the both viewpoints and give your own opinion. (2009.2.12)

Exercise2: Topic-Pressure on the school and university students is increasing and students are pushed to study hard when they are young. Do you regard the phenomenon as positive or negative? (2005.4.2)

Exercise3: Topic-Today, in many countries, there is insufficient respect to old people. What are the reasons? What problems it might cause? (2006.7.8)

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Part Two-Body

-中流砥柱-

-Version 6.5-

分论点的要求:1. 字数要求:One complex sentence preferred. Around 20 words.

2. 分论点四项基本原则:

(1). 内容原则: 分论点应该体现为一种_____________________________并且与总论点为_________________关系。 Example: Topic- Transnational marriage

Statement:The problems that transnational marriage may bring about greatly outweigh its benefits.

Supporting Idea:Marriage should be based on true love. (X)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Language Skill:

因果关系高分句型-主语,+非限制性定语从句(描述主语特性/因),+谓语(+宾语)(由主语特性所导致的effect/果)

(2).语言原则: 分论点的语言要求简洁概括的书面语。

Example: Topic- Raising pets

① If we raise pets, we must spend a lot of time to take care of them and we also have to spend a lot of money to feed them, so it’s not good. (X)

② ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

(3). 构思原则: 分论点应该具有实质性的具体内容,避免使用大而空泛的概念。

Example: Topic- Globalization

Globalization is beneficial for the development of the society. (X)

Globalization brings about fierce competition, hence stimulates local companies in developing countries to take the initiative to improve the quality of their products.

(4). 比较原则: 在具有比较性质的Topic中,分论点应该体现主体的特性而非共性。

Example: Topic- Some people think children can have better education in boarding schools far from home, while others claim that a day school is a better one. Discuss the both viewpoints and give your opinion.

Students can learn a lot of valuable knowledge in boarding schools. (X)

Boarding schools can better cultivate the students’ independence and practical hands-on ability.

分论点构思四大黄金原则

1.经济原则

Should college students be allowed to get married?

Getting married in such an early age would impose a heavy financial burden on the college students’ lives and in turn brings negative effects to their studies.

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More and more measures have been taken to improve security and reduce crime in urban areas. Do you think its benefits outweigh its drawbacks? You should list your reasons in your essay. (2006.2.25)

(1). Adopting more security measures creates a safer and more stable social environment by reducing crime, ____________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

(2). Adopting more security measures will ________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

Some people believe that air travel should be prohibited as it causes pollution and uses up fuel resources. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? You should use your own experience to support your argument. (2006.2.18)

(1). The ban on air travel _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________

(2). ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________as a result of the prohibition of air travel.

Exercise:

(1). With the development of the market economy, advertisements have become a dominant feature in television industry. However, there still exists strong criticism against TV advertisements. Write an essay analyzing the positive and negative effects of TV advertisements.

(2). Many people consider the death penalty to be an appropriate punishment in certain cases, whilst others think that there is never a reason for it to be used. What is your opinion on the issue?

2.能力原则

Should college students be allowed to get married?

Marriage makes the college students more mature and develops their sense of responsibility and communicative skills.

Should college students be encouraged to take up a part time job?

It helps to cultivate/ foster/ develop/enhance college students’__________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________

The advancement of science and technology has great positive impact on people, but value of artists, such as musicians, painters and writers, is also important. So what can arts tell us that science can not? (2006.1.21)

Arts could enhance people’s ____________________________________________________________________________, which is not likely to be cultivated from science and technology.

Nowadays, people perform their everyday tasks, such as banking, shopping as well as business transactions, without the need of meeting other people face to face. What are the possible effects of the phenomenon on the individual and the society as a whole? (2005.2.26)

Conducting daily tasks without meeting others______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________, which is a key factor for success.

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Some experts believe that as reading is important for a good education, we should encourage our children to read as much as possible. Do you agree or disagree?

Encouraging children to learn knowledge and common sense from reading books only is not beneficial for _______________________________________________________________, which is equally important for their growth.

3. 因小失大原则

Should college students be encouraged to take up a part time job?

Part-time jobs take up too much valuable time for study, which should be the students’ priority.

Some people think the government should pay for healthcare and education, others think that the government does not have to take the responsibility. Discuss both viewpoints and give your opinion. (2005.7.9)

It would be hard for a government to afford the fund for _________________ if it has to take the burden of healthcare and education. The more a government spends its limited budget on healthcare and education, the less money is available for it, which should be a government’s top task.

4. 环境原则

Some people believe that fresh graduates should be sent to rural areas to work for a period of time. While some others argue that staying in the city is a better choice for their growth. Discuss both viewpoints and give your own opinion. (2005.10.15)

(1). Rural areas, which are more ____________________ compared with cities, are beneficial for the fresh graduates to ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

(2). Living in cities, the fresh graduates ___________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________,which is hardly available in rural areas

Exercise:

根据分论点四大黄金原则为以下topic构思分论点。

1. In some countries, sports personalities earn much higher salaries than professionals like doctors, nurses and teachers. Do you consider it positive or negative?

2. Nowadays, fashion has become a craze all over the world. While there are quite a number of people who pursue fashion crazily, there still exists strong criticism towards it. What is your opinion?

3. In recent years, working at home for one’s employers has become a growing trend in many countries and is expected to be common for most office workers in the coming decades. Write an essay and state your opinion about the social phenomenon. (2005.7.16)

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分论点的拓展

Many people say teachers should only teach students academic subjects. Others say teachers should also take the responsibility of teaching students to judge what is right and wrong. Discuss the both viewpoints and give your own opinion. (2006.3.18)

Statement:Teachers should take the responsibility of guiding students how to distinguish right from wrong as well as teaching academic subjects.

Supporting Idea: Firstly, having a correct attitude towards life is more important than having knowledge only for students. ______________________________, having a _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ knowledge only for students.

Theoretical Evidence:Without a correct outlook of life, any student, no matter how knowledgeable he might be, is still likely to be led to a blind alley and do something detrimental to the society.

Case Evidence:1. Take a college student from Tsinghua University, one of the most prestigious academic centers in China as an example, it was reported that he had splashed a bottle of vitriol onto a bear in Beijing zoo on purpose simply “out of curiosity”.

2. The tragic shooting rampage in Virginia University in 2007 is a case in point/serves as a convincing example.

Language Skill: 举例三大高分句型-1. Take…as an example 2. … is a case in point 3. … serves as a convincing example

Body部分结构:

1. 单边结构 (5段式) Introduction + Supporting Ideas (X3) + Conclusion

2. 双边结构 (1). 3对1结构 (适用题型:单一主体TOPIC)

让步段: 分析弱势分论点X 1

第一句: 过渡句 (Topic Sentence)

第二句: 弱势分论点 (Self-evident)

(第三句: Theoretical Evidence/Case Evidence)

重点段:分析强势分论点 X 3

第一句: 过渡句 (Topic Sentence)

第二句+第三句: 强势分论点1 + Evidence (Theoretical)

第四句+第五句: 强势分论点2 + Evidence (Case)

第六句: 强势分论点3 (Self-evident)

_______________________________________________________________________________

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(2).对称结构A(适用题型:单一主体TOPIC)

第二段: 分析主体benefits/advantages

第一句:过渡句 (Topic Sentence)

第二句+第三句:主体benefit 1 (必然性条件) + Evidence (Theoretical)

第四句: 主体 benefit 2 (必然性条件/Self-evident)

第三段:分析主体drawbacks/disadvantages

第一句:过渡句 (Topic Sentence)

第二句+第三句:主体drawback 1 (或然性条件) + Evidence (Case)

第四句:主体drawback 2 (或然性条件/Self-evident)

_______________________________________________________________________________

对称结构B(适用题型:双重观点讨论类TOPIC-2选1方案)

第二段: 分析甲方观点的合理性和漏洞

第一句:过渡句 (Topic Sentence)

第二句+第三句: 甲方观点合理性 (必然性条件)

第四句: 甲方观点漏洞 (或然性条件)

第三段: 分析乙方观点的合理性和漏洞

第一句:过渡句 (Topic Sentence)

第二句: 乙方观点合理性 (或然性条件)

第三句+第四句: 乙方观点漏洞 (必然性条件)

_______________________________________________________________________________

对称结构C(适用题型:双重观点讨论类TOPIC-改良方案)

第二段: 分析甲方观点

第一句:过渡句 (Topic Sentence)

第二句:甲方观点合理性 (或然性条件)

第三句+第四句:甲方观点漏洞 (必然性条件)

第三段:分析乙方观点

第一句:过渡句 (Topic Sentence)

第二句:乙方观点合理性 (或然性条件)

第三句+第四句: 乙方观点漏洞 (必然性条件)

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________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Part Three-Conclusion

-虎头龙尾-

-Version 4.4-

☆ 常规模式

1. Some people think they should keep all the money they earn, and should not have to pay taxes to the state. Do you agree or disagree? (2006.1.7)

主体定性 (Summarize the nature of the subject )

From the above discussion, we could find that the practice of reserving all the money one earns and refusing to pay taxes to the country __________________________________________________________________________________________

Language Skill: 否定词+but=只…… 代替: only/just

例句: 征收更高的赋税只会给老百姓带来更加沉重的经济负担。

Levying higher taxes from common citizens would impose nothing but heavier financial burdens on them.

重申立场 (Restate your opinion)

For this reason, ______________________________________________________________________________________ and everyone should fulfill their obligation to pay taxes as a citizen instead of trying to shirk the responsibility.

2. More and more measures have been taken to improve security and reduce crime in urban areas. Do you think its benefits outweigh its drawbacks? You should list your reasons in your essay. (2006.2.25)

主体定性

From the above analyses, it could be noted that _____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Nevertheless, compared with its disadvantages, the advantages ________________________________________________

重申立场

As a metropolitan resident, I would absolutely ______________________________________________________________ and I think the government should spare no efforts to further implement the practice in order to create a safer and stable social environment.

☆ 改良模式

Some people think one going to other countries should imitate local customs and behaviors. Some people disagree, they think the host country should welcome cultural differences and there is no need to try to adapt oneself to the new culture at all. Discuss the both viewpoints and give your own opinion. (2005.3.5)

From the above general comparison of the two viewpoints, we could find that both of them have obvious problems. In my opinion, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Some people think schools should divide students into different classes according to their academic record, and others believe students with different abilities should be educated together. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. (2007.3.3)

From the above comprehensive analysis of the two proposals, it could be noted that they tend to bring both benefits and headaches. To put it in a more specific way, the practice of selecting students by the academic record ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ while the practice of educating all the students together ______________________________________________________. To avoid the above drawbacks, a better solution is to _________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

☆ Conclusion部分常用套句精选:

1. 总而言之。 All in all/In general/On the whole/Generally/Above all (things)/In sum (short)

2. 综上所述。 In summary/In conclusion/In short/In a word/To sum up/To conclude

3. 通过以上的比较和对比,任何人都可以轻易地得出这样的结论……

From the above comparison and contrast, anyone can easily conclude that……

4. 以上两个观点都有一定的道理,如果让我在两者之中选择一个的话,我会选择……

The both viewpoints have their reasons, if I have to make a choice between them, I would prefer...

5. 当仔细比较了其长处和短处之后,最有力的结论就不言而喻了。

When both of its advantages and disadvantages are carefully compared, the most convincing conclusion is self-evident.

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Part Four-Structure Analysis

-结构解密-

-Version 2.2-

3对1结构 (对应题型: 单一主体Topic)

第一段 (开头段/Introduction):

① Lead-in Sentence (Optional)

② Public Opinion

③ Statement

第二段 (弱势段)

① 过渡句 (Topic Sentence)

② 弱势分论点

③ Theoretical Evidence or Case Evidence (Optional)

第三段(强势段)

① 过渡句 (Topic Sentence)

② 强势分论点1

③ Theoretical Evidence

④ 强势分论点2

⑤ Case Evidence

⑥ 强势分论点3 (Self-evident)

第四段 (结尾段/Conclusion)

①+② 主体定性/Summarize the nature of the subject

③ 重申观点/Restate your opinion on the topic

Some people believe that to maintain the cultural identity of a city, the government should build all the new buildings in a traditional way. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (2006.12.9)

② Some people propose that all the new buildings in a city have to be constructed with a traditional style in order to represent the city’s cultural identity. ③ In my opinion, the practicability of the suggestion is quite questionable and thus I don’t agree with it.

① It can not be denied that those who made the proposal to build all new buildings in the old way have their reasons to a certain extent. ② Indeed, if the suggestion were to be implemented, some people might be attracted by the uniqueness and the cultural characteristics such a city presents.

① Although the practice may have its positive side, on no account should the problems related to it be ignored. ② Firstly, in terms of economic aspect, traditional buildings are obviously not as economical as modern ones. ③ Buildings in the past were mostly constructed with only one or two stories while modern ones are generally tall buildings with the capacity of holding more people. ④ Moreover, in terms of practicability, traditional styled buildings are obviously not suitable for modern people to live in. ⑤ For example, in China, quite a number of traditional buildings were quite big and usually had a very spacious yard, which few contemporary people actually need or are possibly able to afford. ⑥ Last but not least, all new buildings being built with the same style actually also gives people a pretty dull impression of a city.

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①To conclude, the suggestion to build all new buildings in a traditional way is beneficial to enhance a city’s cultural identity. ② This only benefit, nevertheless, is immediately dwarfed by the problems it is likely to bring about. ③ So I reaffirm my conviction that the move is nothing but an unrealistic idea, which should never be implemented. (288 words)

对称结构A (对应题型: 单一主体Topic)

第一段 (开头段/Introduction):

① Lead-in Sentence (Optional)

② Public Opinion

③ Statement

第二段 (分析主体Benefits/Advantages)

① 过渡句 (Topic Sentence)

② 主体benefit 1 (必然性条件)

③ Theoretical Evidence

④ 主体 benefit 2 (必然性条件/Self-evident)

第三段 (分析主体drawbacks/disadvantages)

① 过渡句 (Topic Sentence)

② 主体drawback 1 (或然性条件)

③ Case Evidence

④ 主体drawback 2 (或然性条件/Self-evident)

第四段 (结尾段)

①+② 主体定性/Summarize the nature of the subject

③ 推导出观点/State your opinion on the topic

Most high level jobs in the government are done by men. Some people believe that the government should encourage a certain percentage of these jobs to be reserved for women. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

① Today, while more and more women are playing increasingly essential roles in modern society, it has to be noted that most high-level governmental jobs are still within men’s grasp. ② For this reason, some people propose that a certain percentage of such positions should be assigned to women.

① From some people’s point of view, the practice may sound reasonable based on the following reasons. ② First of all, it is beneficial for the women to bring their talents in certain fields into full play. ③ It is widely accepted that women are generally more careful, patient and gifted in certain field like arts compared with their male counterparts and preserving some governmental positions related to such fields for them seems to be a decent idea. ④ Moreover, the move could be regarded as a sign of equality between men and women, which indicates the women’s value has been realized.

① While the above reasons seem sounding, the negative side of the practice should never be overlooked. ② Firstly, the packed-schedule of a governmental top position is likely to make women become so busy with their job that their family lives are always neglected. ③ The fact that the majority of female top employees in the US government are either single or divorced serves as a convincing example. ④ More importantly, the practice also harms certain capable male candidates’ interests and it is likely to make women to be more dependent on such preferential policies.

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① To sum up, it does bring benefits to the government if more women participate in certain fields of governmental positions. ② Such benefits, nevertheless, are based on the sacrifice of the women’s family lives and the interests of their male counterparts. ③ So I think it is acceptable for the government to encourage women to commit themselves to some high level jobs, but on no account should we reserve them for women purposely. (306 words)

对称结构B (对应题型: 双重观点讨论类Topic-二选一模式)

第一段 (开头段/Introduction):

① Public Opinion 1

② Public Opinion 2

③ Statement

第二段 (分析反对观点)

① 过渡句 (Topic Sentence)

② 反方观点合理性 (或然性条件)

③+④:反对观点漏洞 (必然性条件)

第三段 (分析支持观点)

① 过渡句 (Topic Sentence)

② 支持观点局限性(或然性条件)

③+④: 支持观点合理性 (必然性条件)

第四段 (结尾段)

① 主体定性/Summarize the nature of the subject

② 推导出观点/State your opinion

Some people believe that developing countries should concentrate on improving industrial skills. Some people argue that developing countries should promote education first. Discuss the both viewpoints and give your own opinion. *At present, quite a number of developing countries always find themselves caught in a dilemma that whether they should regard the development of industrial skills or the promotion of education as their priority. ③ While it seems that both options have their reasons, I am in favor of the latter one personally.

① Apparently, those who advocate the development of industrial skills do have their reasons to a certain extent. ② They believe that compared with promoting education, laying stress on industry brings immediate economic return for developing countries more directly. ③ The improvement of industrial skills, nevertheless, is simply of short-term interests. ④ Without sufficient talents, how long such economic prosperity could last is quite questionable.

① While we have to admit that there is some element of truth in the above argument, the latter opinion, nevertheless, is more convincing to me. ② Indeed, education costs a lot instead of bringing immediate economic return. ③ The point should not be overlooked is that only by the promotion of education can we ensure the progress of the national strength in the long run. ④ A country that fully concentrates on the improvement of industrial skills, due to the lack of effective education, is likely to suffer from a huge lack of talents who have the ability to propel the society further forward.

① From the above analyses, we can see that only by the progress of education can we lay a solid foundation for the long-term development for a developing country. ② For this reason, I believe that it is wiser to develop education first instead of industrial skills. (258 words)

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对称结构C (对应题型: 双重观点讨论类Topic-改良模式)

第一段 (开头段/Introduction):

① Lead-in Sentence (Optional)

② Public Opinion 1

③ Public Opinion 2

第二段 (分析甲方观点)

① 过渡句 (Topic Sentence)

② 甲方观点合理性 (或然性条件)

③+④:甲方观点漏洞 (必然性条件)

第三段 (分析乙方观点)

① 过渡句 (Topic Sentence)

② 乙方观点合理性 (或然性条件)

③+④: 乙方观点漏洞 (必然性条件)

第四段 (结尾段)

① 主体定性/Summarize the nature of the subject

② 推导出改良观点/State your own opinion

Some people think that it is the responsibility of government to ensure that people have healthy lifestyle by taking compulsory measures. Others think people should be given the full freedom to make their lifestyle decisions. Discuss the both viewpoints and give your own opinion. (2008.3.29)

② Some people hold that government should hold the full responsibility to make sure that people lead their lives in a healthy way. ③ Others, however, argue that it is only the people themselves that can decide which lifestyle they pursue.

① On one hand, the proposal sounds reasonable to a certain extent. ② If government does take certain compulsory measures, for instance, banning all pubs and internet cafes in cities, it is possible that a number of people, especially teenagers who stay up late for parties or PC games, will have to discard their obsession and revert to a normal lifestyle. ③ Nevertheless, it has to be pointed out that although the practice seems to be sounding, it is unlikely to solve the problem thoroughly. ④ For example, even if all the pubs and internet cafes are officially banned, chances are that those young people will still indulge themselves in unhealthy lifestyles playing PC games or throwing parties till midnight at home.

① On the other hand, those who call for the freedom to choose their own lifestyles also have a point. ② Indeed, it would be a sign indicating that people’s freedom are fully recognized and respected if a government leaves the decision to people themselves. ③ However, it should not be ignored that some young people who do lack self-control are possibly to be fully obsessed with self-indulgent lifestyles if the government virtually does nothing about it. ④ Such excessive freedom would turn out to be nothing but a curse.

① From the above analysis, it could be noted that either viewpoint has obvious problems. ② In my opinion, the government needs to play a role in guiding people to live in a healthy way but it is never possible for the government to literally “ensure” that by taking compulsory measures. (292 words)

新东方学校俞伟国

Chapter Two-Report Writing

第二章. 图表作文完全攻略

-Version 5.2-

图表作文题型:

1. 柱状图 Bar chart ☆☆☆☆☆

2. 表格 Table ☆☆☆ 3. 线段图 Line Graph (曲线图 Curve graph) ☆☆

4. 饼图 Pie chart ☆5. 流程图 Diagram ☆☆☆☆

图表作文经典20句:

1. 如图所示,该曲线描述了……的波动情况。 ….

2. 该图展示了……在……方面的比例关系。 …in …

3. 图中的纵轴和横轴分别代表A与B。

4. 图表中的……以……为单位。

The ……

5. 在……至……期间,……基本保持不变。

Over the period from … to …, the …

6. A的数量增长了高达100万达到了800万。

7. 加上2005年的收入,该企业在最近两年的总收入累计达到了近2000万美元。 million.

8. 在2005年,A的数量远远/略微大于B,而在2006年两者持平。

9. 数字剧增至历史新高…… …

笔记区:上升表达方式一览

常规用词: increase/rise

微弱上升:creep up

缓慢上升:climb/edge up

快速上升:boom/increase rapidly (sharply/dramatically)

暴涨:soar

特殊用词:rocket/surge

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10. ……的数目在……年再创新高达到……

The number of …… in …

11. ……的数目在……月达到顶点/最低点,为……

The number of …… in …

12. 该数据暴跌探底后持续保持平稳。 笔记区:下降表达方式一览

常规用词: decrease/drop/decline

微弱下降:creep down

缓慢下降:edge down

快速下降:decrease rapidly (sharply/dramatically)

暴跌:plunge

特殊用词:plummet/collapse

13. 该数据探底后持续回升。

The figure sank to its bottom in ……

14. 该数据攀升至顶点后保持平稳。

15. 尽管在2002年经历了销售额的急剧下滑,但该企业在第二年的销售额却猛增至1000万美元左右。

16. 在2004年, A的总值反超B。

17. ……占了……大约……百分点。

…… %

18. 由表格中我们可以发现,大多数企业的收入与其广告预算成正比。

From the table we can find that the incomes of most enterprises their respective budget on advertising.

笔记区:“A与B成正/反比”表达公式 A be in direct/inverse ratio to/with B

19. 该图表表明……的数目有一个四倍的增长。 …

笔记区:形容词性“……倍的”表达公式 基数词+fold

20. 政府在2003年用于基础设施建设的资金是2002年的两倍。 笔记区: “A是B的……倍”表达公式 A + be + 基数词 + times + as much as B

新东方学校俞伟国

图表作文分类范文:

饼图 (Pie Chart)

The two pie charts above show the energy use in the United States and the residential energy use respectively.

From the first pie, we can see clearly that the American energy consumption is divided into four major parts, namely, industry, transportation, residential and commercial. Industry consumes the largest portion, which accounts for 41%. Transportation____________________________________________________________ _____________________________ The residential use and commercial use are 19% and 14% respectively.

The second pie illustrates the situation of energy consumption in the part of residential use. It is obvious that the heating and air conditioning is on the top, 62% of energy is used for them. 15% of energy is consumed for heating water. Small appliances account for only 10%. The remaining 13% goes to miscellaneous items such as cooking.

To conclude, from the above two pie charts, we may have both a macro and a micro understanding of the fact of American energy consumption. (155 words)

新东方学校俞伟国

线段图 (Line Graph)

Basketball Average Attendance

Thousand

The line graph illustrates the trend in the number of average attendance of Dallas Mavericks and National Basketball Association as a whole from season 1996-1997 to season 2000-2001 respectively.

As is shown in the graph, the average number of attendance of Dallas Mavericks was about 16,000 in season 1996-1997. And the figure dropped dramatically to the bottom ____________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________in the following season. However, the number of average attendance of the team had been recovering since then, ______________________________________________________________during the following 3 seasons. Although the number of average attendance of Dallas Mavericks reached its peak in season 2000-2001, compared with the same figure of NBA average, _______________________________________________, it was clear that Dallas Mavericks’ average number of attendance was much lower than the average figure of the whole league as it had never exceeded the latter.

One thing we still need to point out is that the gap had been narrowing because the figure in season 2000-2001 of Dallas Mavericks (16,600) almost reached the NBA average.

(183 words)

新东方学校俞伟国

流程图 (Diagram)

The above diagram illustrates the process of recycling glass bottles. The whole process is a cycle which can be divided into 3 stages.

The first stage involves ___________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ Subsequently comes the second and the most significant stage of the whole process. The bottles are categorized by their colors into green, brown and clear after being washed by high pressured water and then are sent to another glass factory. In the factory, the bottles are smashed into pieces and poured into a furnace to be heated. Having been melted from solid into liquid, they flow into a mould, in which glass liquid from other sources is added and the molding process takes place. In the final stage, new, empty bottles are filled with liquid, then packed and delivered to supermarkets ready to be picked by consumers. The whole process doesn’t come to an end until this step and a new cycle is set to begin.

(175 words)

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