备战2020年高考英语考点突破专题15 阅读填空(记叙文)(解析版)

专题15 阅读填空（记叙文）

1. 【2019·浙江】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music. ___31___ At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool.

After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. ___32___ They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends(传说). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year.

___33___ They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. ___34___ The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion(入侵)by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. ___35___

A. They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964.

B. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.

C. Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s.

D. However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come.

E. Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles.

F. They appeared in the films A Hard Day's Night(1964)and Help！(1965).

G. They performed their first concert in America at CBS television's 53rd street studio.

【答案】31. C 32. B 33. A 34. G 35. E

【解析】

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了摇滚乐的发展历史和披头士的成功之路。

31. C 句中衔接句。根据下文At that time可知，此处讲述摇滚乐在五、六十年代的发展，由此选C项。

32. B 句中衔接句。根据上文popular in England可知，披头士在英国很受欢迎，而B选项中Even their hairstyles became major trends可知，甚至连他们的发型也成了流行趋势之一，与上文构成前后递进关系，故选B项

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33. A 段落总起句。根据该段下文内容可知，他们在美国也大受欢迎，由此知A项“他们决定去美国巡演”能很好地启迪下文，故选A项。

34. G 细节拓展句。根据下文The concert was broadcast live…可知，他们的演唱会现场直播了，故选G项能很好地拓展语境。

35. E 段落结尾句。根据上文…a lot of opportunity were opened up…知，由于披头士的引领，给后来的乐队以更好地激励和推动，这与E项语意一致，故选E项。

2. [2017·全国卷Ⅰ]

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. __36__

The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. __37__ We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor's bill for my son's food poisoning.

I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. __38__ Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.

__39__ We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.

__40__ It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.

A．This time there was no tent.

B．Things are going to be improved.

C．The trip they took me on was a rough one.

D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.

E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.

F．After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.

G．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.

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【答案】36—40 DCAFE

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了三年前，作者对露营一无所知，也不认为自己会喜欢露营。然而后来有过几次露营的经历，作者和他的家人开始爱上了露营，甚至为露营购买了设备齐全的野营车。作者认为露营是回归大自然的一种方式，也建议读者找到适合自己的回归自然的方式。

36. D根据前文可知，三年前作者认为露营和自己无关，而后文中表明作者热爱露营。此处暗示作者对待露营的态度应该出现转变。D选项中的however起到了很好的转折作用。其次，“If anyone had told me three years ago that I w ould be spending most of my weekends camping…”暗示作者态度的转变就在三年前，D选项中的since then“自从那时候起”和前文时间吻合。故选D。

37. C根据后文的“We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.”可知，作者第一次露营时条件很艰苦。C选项“The trip they took me on was a rough one.”中的rough暗示了这一点，符合语境。故选C。

38. A根据前文“We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.”可知，作者第一次露营时住帐篷，露天生火做饭，走很远的距离去洗澡和上厕所，条件很艰苦。而后文中“Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.”说明作者第二次露营时有床有空调，而A选项“This time there was no tent.”(这次没有帐篷了)暗示作者进行了第二次露营，而且条件比较好，符合语境。故选A。

39. F根据后文的“…we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.”可知，作者一家为了露营买了野营车，里面设备齐全。这说明作者一家人是喜欢露营的。F选项“After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.”(那次露营之后，我的家人开始对它感兴趣)符合语境，故选F。

40. E根据后文“It m ust be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.”可知，作者希望每个人能找到适合自己的回归自然的方法，而根据前文可知作者回归自然的方式就是露营。E选项“I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.”(我必须得承认我真的开始享受露营)既是对文章第一段中作者态度转变的一个总结，也很好地衔接了后文。故选E。

3. 【广东省惠州2018届高三第一次调研】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

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My father used to be an amateur wrestler and national champion. He was forced by his father to give up the sport in order to obtain gainful employment, which mea nt he wouldn’t be able to win a medal for our country. Therefore, he made a vow that his unborn son would 16

He was about to give up hope when one day, my younger sister Babita and I beat up two boys accidentally in response to critical comments. My dad found our potential to become wrestlers and began coaching

us. 17 We were required to do physical training early in the morning and have a short haircuts to avoid lice.

18 We would complain about him all the time. Gradually, I realized that he wanted us to have a good future and not grow up to be ordinary housewives. Motivated, we willingly participated in his coaching.

With great efforts, he made us competitive wrestlers and I won the junior and senior championships, providing me with a chance to gain training in a National Sports Academy, where pride and agony fulfilled my

mind. 19 As a result, I found myself losing every match at the international level. After that, I tearfully made peace with papa and turned to him for help. Then he coached me patiently.

Despite difficulty, I finally became the first Indian female wrestler to qualify for the Olympics, inspiring dozens of Indian women to take to wrestling. Even now, papa’s words are still in my mind “ Geeta, think about all the girls who are thought to be inferior to boys, girls who are forced to do chores, girls who are married and have children. Not only will you compete with other countries, but also with those who look down upon women!”. I will never forget out father’s instruction.20

A.But his methods were cruel.

B.I almost abandoned what papa had taught me.

C.Disappointingly, my mother gave birth to all girls.

D.My sister and I tried to escape.

E.I will always owe all success to him.

F.At first, my sister and I did not understand our father.

G.however，my mother didn’t agree with him.

【答案】16.C17.A18.F19.B20.E

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”的爸爸曾经是摔跤运动的全国冠军，迫于生活他放弃了摔跤，他把所有的希望寄托在将来的儿子身上，但是“我”和妹妹都是女孩。一天爸爸发现了我们身上的摔跤天赋，并开始对我们进行严格训练，最终“我”成为了奥运冠军。

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16.爸爸将希望寄托在儿子身上，根据下一段“He was about to give up hope when one day”可推测，没有儿子出生，出生的孩子都是女孩。故选C。

17.本段讲述的是爸爸对“我们”的训练，所以本空很有可能与训练有关。根据下一句“We were required to do physical training early in the morning and have a short haircuts to avoid lice.”，女孩被剃掉头发是一件残忍的事，可知爸爸的训练方式很严格，很残酷。故选A。

18.本段讲述了“我们”对于爸爸的残酷的训练方式从不情愿到接受的心态的变化。本空应该和下一句在情感上保持一致，是抱怨、不理解、不接受的。故选F。

19.本段主人公是“我”，从下一句“As a result, I found myself losing every match at the international level.”中可知，“我”总是失败，前文中“我”不断胜利，拿到冠军。说明在National Sports Academy的这段时间内“我”退步了，故选B。

20.本段提到了爸爸的话，并且“我”不会忘记爸爸的话。从全文来看，“我”的成功与爸爸是分不开的，成功与爸爸同在。故选E。

4.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Do you have a spare room in your house? Do you like to share your driveway in front of your garage with others? 9 Many people are benefiting from this new business of renting．

Perhaps the best-known example of a company in this field is Airbnb—an American web business which allows you to rent out your spare room to holidaymakers．It says it operates in34，000 cities and it has 800，000 listings of rooms and apartments．10

A British company is doing something with parking spaces．JustPark’s founder，Anthony Eskinazi，says，“when I had the original idea．I spotted a driveway close to a spots stadium．It would have been so convenient if I could have just parked in that driveway rather than in a commercial car park．” 11 Around 20，000 people have advertised their spaces on the website，and he says around half a million drivers use it．

12 They are people who run things like traditional hotels and commercial car parks．They are afraid of ending up losing money．

13 Regulations for these new businesses are unclear．How will renting out your driveway affect your neighbour? Because this is a new business world，those rules aren’t there yet．

A．They seem to have occupied the majority of the market．

B．Both of these can help you make money．

C．And there is another problem．

D．And his great idea has proved a success．

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E．But the new business of renting has its competitors．

F．There are many ways to earn money．

G．A commercial ear park is inconvenient．

【答案】9.B10.A11.D12.E13.C

【解析】本文是一片应用文，主要介绍了一些能够获益的方法与例子。文中通过几个例子告诉我们只要能够用心观察每一处的机会，你就会成功从中获益。

9.B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断。前句提到两个问句，分别用两个疑问句来引出下文；后句中说道很多人都通过这种新的出租生意获益了。由此可判断此处说的是如果你那样做了，你会赚到钱，所有选项中只有选项B．Both of these can help you make money符合句意，起到承接作用，故选B。

10.A考查对上下文的理解和推理判断。前句中提到Airbnb这个网站应用在34,000座城市之间，而且它还具有800,00分房间和公寓的单子，由此可判断此处指的是这个网站公司看起来占据了大多数市场，在所有选项中只有选项A．They seem to have occupied the majority of the market符合语境，起到承接上文的作用，故选A。

11.D考查对上下文的理解和推理判断。前句中提到的是一位成功人士的想法：如果我可以就近停在那个车库里就比停在停车场方便多了；后句中提到很多人都看到了这个广告，而且半个亿的司机都用了，由此可判断此处表达的意思是他的这种想法取得了巨大的成功，所有选项中只有选项D．And his great idea has proved a success符合语境，起到承接上下文的作用，故选D。

12.E考查对上下文的理解和推理判断。后句提到在这个行业中有人也紧跟着想要进行这种事业，由此可判断此处表达的意思是停车的这种生意也有它的竞争对手，所有选项中只有选项E．But the new business of renting has its competitors符合语境，承接下文，故选E。

13.C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断。后句中的疑问句提出了出租车道的弊端—会影响到周围的邻居，由此可判断此处表达的意思应该是这种新型事业还存在的另一些问题，所有选项中只有选项C．And there is another problem符合句意，故选C。

5.【河南省八市重点中学2019-2020学年高三9月月考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最性项，选项中有两项为多余选项.

When we talk to our friends online, typing can become a little boring. We turn to memes( 表情包)to make our conversations more fun.___16___

At least 10 students who were admitted to Harvard University lost their chance to study there after posting offensive(攻击性的) memes in a private Facebook group，the university’s student newspaper，the Harvard Crimson, reported on June 5. Rather than just regular jokes, the memes “went to truly dark and ugly place，joking about Orthodox Jews(犹太教徒)，the gas chambers(毒气室)，Mexican children and suicide,” reported

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CNN___17___But later, some students set up another group where they traded several offensive memes. When Harvard University found out about the group, it took back the students’ offers,___18___

“I appreciate humor, but there are so many topics that just should not be joked about,” incoming freshman Jessica Zhang told the Harvard Cr imson. “I do not know how those offensive images could be

defended”.___19___“It sounds like Harvard is going too deeply into the private lives of students, Alan Dershowitz, a retired Harvard Law School professor, told The Guardian. “It may affect them for life.”

___20___ Last year, a similar Facebook group for admitted Harvard students drew criticism from the university after some of its members posted racist jokes.

A. The incident has caused fierce debates, both in the university and around the world

B. A world-class university should help students open minds and overcome bias( 偏见)

C. However, others believe the university overstepped the boundaries.

D. The group was originally meant for would-be Harvard freshmen to get to know each other before they began university

E. Jeff Yang, himself a graduate of Harvard, said the university was right to punish the students

F. But sometimes, sending the wrong meme can make trouble.

G. In fact, this is not the first time Harvard has dealt with a case like this

【答案】16. F 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. G

【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了一些学生在某个群体内发送具有攻击性的表情包，结果被哈佛大学拒绝入学的故事。不同的人就此表达了自己的看法。

16.结合下文At least 10 students who were admitted to Harvard University lost their chance to study there after posting offensive(攻击性的) memes in a private Facebook group，the university’s student newspaper，the Harvard Crimson, reported on June 5.（据哈佛大学学生报《哈佛深红报》6月5日报道，至少有10名被哈佛大学录取的学生在Facebook上的一个私人群组里发布了攻击性的表情包，从而失去了在那里学习的机会。）可知是在说明表情包带来的麻烦，故F选项：表情包可以使我们的交流更有趣，可是有时候也会产生麻烦。符合上下文语境。故选F。

17.上一段提到一些学生在群里发送有攻击性的表情包。以及下文But later, some students set up another group where they traded several offensive memes.（但后来，一些学生成立了另一个小组，在那里他们交换了一些攻击性的表情包。）可知本空继续说明：这个群开始为了使得大学新生们彼此认识，但是后来就出现有攻击性的表情包。故选D。

18.根据下文“I appreciate humor, but there are so many topics that just should not be joked about,” incoming

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freshman Jessica Zhang told the Harvard Crimson.（“我喜欢幽默，但有太多的话题不应该被拿来开玩笑，”即将入学的大一新生Jessica Zhang告诉《哈佛深红报》。）为讨论这个问题的内容，可知这个问题引起了激烈的讨论。故选A。

19.根据下文“It sounds like Harvard is going too deeply into the private lives of student s, Alan Dershowitz, a retired Harvard Law School professor, told The Guardian. “It may affect them for life.”（哈佛大学法学院退休教授艾伦?德肖维茨在接受《卫报》采访时表示:“听起来哈佛大学对学生的私生活干涉得太深了。“这可能会影响他们的一生。”）可知论述的是有人不赞成这一行为，认为哈佛大学侵犯了学生的隐私。故选C。

20.根据下文Last year, a similar Facebook group for admitted Harvard students drew criticism from the university after some of its members posted racist jokes.（去年，一个类似的哈佛新生Facebook群遭到了校方的批评，原因是该群的一些成员发布了种族主义笑话。）说明这不是哈佛大学第一次处理类似的事情。故选G。

6.【广东省广州市2018届高三12月调研测试】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

C hina has been the birthplace of many of the world’s greatest inventions. It was, for example, the first country to produce paper money. Before the invention of paper money and coins, people used many different kinds of things for buying and selling. ____16____ This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering.

___17___ In 1200 BC, people in China began to use shells（贝壳）as money. Usually the shells used as money were very small. This made it easier for people to carry money over long distances, and allowed for trade to develop between different parts of the country.

In the years which followed this invention, many other countries around the world began to do the same.

___18___

The next development was in 1000 BC, when China started making bronze and copper shells. It wasn’t long before the Chinese made round coins out of metal. ____19____ By 500 BC, metal coins had begun to appear in countries like Persia and Greece, and later in the Roman Empire.

About 1000 years later, leather was used as money in China, and in 806 AD, the first paper banknotes were produced by the Chinese people. ___20___

A. People also began collecting foreign coins as souvenirs.

B. However, as economies developed, such exchanges became impractical.

C. It was still many years before paper currency appeared in Europe.

D. They also used tiny shells as money for buying and selling.

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E. As time went by, trade between countries increased.

F. During that time, for example, buying a chicken might cost several potatoes.

G. The very first coins often had holes in them so that people could string them together.

【答案】16. F 17. B 18. D 19. G 20. C

【解析】本文属于历史知识。主要讲述了中国是世界上许多伟大发明的发源地。文中介绍了货币的发展过程，由实物交换到贝壳货币再到金属圆硬币，最后发明了纸币。成为世界上第一个制作纸币的国家。16. F考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。句意：在纸币和硬币发明之前，人们用许多不同的东西来买卖。例如，在那期间，买一只鸡可能要用一些土豆来（交换）。分析句意可知，在纸币发明前人们用实物来买卖，分析句子可知F.（During that time, for example, buying a chicken might cost several potatoes.）就是对那个时代的一个例子。故选F。

17. B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文的内容可知，在公元前1200年使用贝壳作为货币，很容易运输到远的地方。因此这样用实物的方式不方便，不实用。分析选项可知B.项（However, as economies developed, such exchanges became impractical.）符合题意，故选B项。

18. D考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上句内容，在这项发明之后的几年里，世界上许多其他国家也开始这样做，即就是也使用贝壳来作为货币。分析选项可知D.项（They also used tiny shells as money for buying and selling.）符合题意，故选D。

19. G考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本空的上下文内容可知，这时货币出现了新的发展，即出现金属币。分析选项可知，G项（The very first coins often had holes in them so that people could string them together. ，最早的硬币上常有洞，以便人们可以把它们串在一起）与本段coins,有多处同词的复现。可知G 项符合题意，故选G。

20. C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本段内容可知主要讲述了纸币最早出现在中国。分析选项可知C项（It was still many years before paper currency appeared in Europe.）有词paper currency的复现分析句意：在公元806年，最初的纸币是由中国人制作的。很多年以一纸币在欧洲出现。从句意可知，C项符合题意，故选C项。

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