2011届英语阅读理解专题 - 主旨细节类1

英语作文常用谚语、俗语

1、A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth. 说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。

2、A little knowledge is a dangerous thing. 一知半解，自欺欺人。

3、All rivers run into sea. 海纳百川。 4、All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。

5、All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。

6、A bad beginning makes a bad ending. 不善始者不善终。 7、Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 8、A faithful friend is hard to find. 知音难觅。 9、A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。 10、A friend is easier lost than found. 得朋友难，失朋友易。 11、A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半。

12、A good beginning makes a good ending. 善始者善终。 13、A good book is a good friend. 好书如挚友。 14、A good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口。

15、A mother's love never changes. 母爱永恒。

16、An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一天一苹果，不用请医生。

17、A single flower does not make a spring. 一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。

18、A year's plan starts with spring. 一年之计在于春。 19、A young idler, an old beggar. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 20、Better late than never. 不怕慢，单怕站。 21、By reading we enrich the mind.读书使人充实， 22、Care and diligence bring luck. 谨慎和勤奋才能抓住机遇。

23、Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success. 自信是走向成功的第一步。

24、Custom is a second nature. 习惯是后天养成的。 25、Custom makes all things easy. 有个好习惯，事事皆不难。 26、Doing is better than saying. 与其挂在嘴上，不如落实在行动上。

27、Do nothing by halves. 凡事不可半途而废。

28、Don't put off till tomorrow what should be done today. 今日事，今日毕。

29、Don't trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. 不要自找麻烦。

30、Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起身体好。

31、Easier said than done. 说得容易，做得难。 32、Easy come, easy go. 来也匆匆，去也匆匆。

33、Eat to live, but not live to eat. 人吃饭是为了活着，但活着不是为了吃饭。

34、Every man has his faults. 金无足赤，人无完人。 35、Every man is the architect of his own fortune. 自己的命运自己掌握。

36、Every minute counts. 分秒必争。 37、Each coin has two sides.

38、Fact speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 39、Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 40、God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。 41、Health is better than wealth. 健康胜过财富。

42、Honesty is the best policy. 做人诚信为本。

43、Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst. 抱最好的愿

望，做最坏的打算。

44、It is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。 45、Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量

46、Like mother, like daughter. 有其母必有其女。 47、No pain， no gain.（不劳无获。）

48、You never know till you have tried. 不尝试，不知晓。。

49、An idle youth, a needy age.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 50、Diligence is the mother of success.勤奋是成功之母。 51、Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy

and wise. 早

睡早起，52、Experience is the best teacher.经验是最好的教师。 53、Nothing in the world is difficult if you set

使人健康、富裕和聪颖。

54、Where there's a will, there's a way. 有志者事竟成。

55、Practice makes perfect ．（熟能生巧。） 56、Pride goes before a fall．（骄傲必败。）

Superstar and I

It’s common that many students are crazy about those singers and actors. However, liyundi, a pianist, is the superstar in my heart. He is a man of few words and he even looks like the greatest pianist—Chopin. When listening to his music , I can get rid of everything noisy around. What’s more, I can feel his strong love for music. Rome wasn’t built in one day. He achieved the great success through huge effort. I can learn from him that we should never give up to realize our dreams.

Superstar and I

Her name first appeared as a joke then like a wonder. She is Susan Boyle, the superstar in my heart. Although she’s not beautiful, her voice and spirit moved all the audience, including me. The song ’I dreamed a dream’ that she sang touched everyone’s heart who had a dream and wanted to realize it. She taught me how to go on my dreams as well as never to give up. She is like a sunshine that gives me hope. Where there is a will, there is a way.

2011届英语阅读理解专练---主旨细节类1

M.feir

文章标题可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子。标题可帮助读者迅速推测出整篇文章的主要内容，抓住文章讨论的中心，把握作者的观点和意图。它的特点是：短小精悍，多为一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小；精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。

【考例1】…While I was wondering what I could do next, I heard the sound of a mother’s love.

(2009全国卷I，A篇)

59. What can be the best title for the text?

A. A Mother’s Love B. A Brave Act

C. A Deadly River D. A Matter of Life and Death 体现了浓浓的母爱。

【答案】_____。整篇文章叙述的是小牛掉到河里，母牛采取一切措施来进行保护小牛， 【考例2】 “The physical sensation（感觉） of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while

a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions—those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh.” (2009天津卷，D篇)

55. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Drinking for Better Social Relationships B. Experiments of Personality Evaluation C. Developing Better Drinking Habits D. Physical Sensations and Emotions 【解析】D。

【考例3】文章第一段引出话题：When students and parents are asked to rate subjects according

to their importance, the arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list. Music is nice, people seem to say, but not important. Too often it is viewed as mere entertainment, but certainly not an education priority（优先）. This view is shortsighted. In fact, music education is beneficial and important for all students. (2009北京卷，D篇)

71. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Music education deserves more attention. B. Music should be of top education priority. C. Music is an effective communication tool.

D. Music education makes students more imaginative. 【解析】A。

高考英语阅读理解----主旨大意题

巩固练习

（1）

When we talk about intelligence, we do not mean the ability to get good scores in certain kinds of tests or even the ability to do well in school. By intelligence we mean a way of living and behaving, especially in a new or anxious situation. If we want to test intelligence, we need to find out how a person acts instead of how much he knows what to do.

For example, when in a new situation, an intelligent person thinks about the situation, not about himself or what might happen to him. He tries to find out all he can, and then he acts immediately and tries to do something about it. He probably isn’t sure how it will all work out, but at least he tries. And, if he can’t make things work out right, he doesn’t feel ashamed that he fails; he just tries to learn from his mistakes. An intelligent person, even if he is very young, has a special outlook(人生观) on life, special feeling about life, and knows how he fits into it.

If you look at children, you’ll see great difference between what we call “bright” children and “not bright” children. They are actually two different kinds of people, not just the same kind with different amounts of intelligence. For example, the bright child really wants to find out more about life — he tries to get in touch with everything around him. But the unintelligent child

keeps more to himself and his own dream–world; he seems to have a wall between him and life in general.

1. According to this passage, intelligence is the ability . A. to behave immediately B. to do well in school C. to deal with life D. to know what to do 2. In a new situation, an intelligent person . A. knows more about what might happen to him B. is sure of the result he will get C. concentrates on the situation D. cares more about himself

3. According to the passage the biggest difference between “bright” children and “not bright” children lies in .

A. the amount of intelligence B. the different situations they face C. the different attitudes to life D. the background of life 4. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. What’s real meaning of intelligence? B. What’s the “bright” children’s behavior? C. What’s a special outlook on life?

D. How to live and behave in a new situation?

5. In the next part of the passage, the author might continue to talk about . A. how to determine what intelligence is B. how education should be changed

C. how to judge whether a person is intelligent D. how an unintelligent person should be taught

(2)

A chemical important of brain development may play a role in explaining why some people are genetically (由基因决定地) likely to suffer from anxiety and could lead to new treatments, U.S. researchers said.

They said highly anxious rats which were kept had very low levels of a brain chemical called fibroblast growth factor 2 or FGF2, compared with rats that were more relaxed. But when they improved the anxious rats’ living conditions — giving them new toys to explore and a bigger cage to live in — levels of this brain chemical increased and they became less anxious.

“The levels of this brain chemical increased in response to the experiences that the rats were exposed to. It also decreased their anxiety”. Javier Perez of the University of Michigan said in a telephone interview. “It made them behave the same way as the rats that were relaxed”, he said.

In a former study of people who were severely depressed before they died, the team found the gene that makes FGF2 was producing very low levels of the growth factor, which is known primarily for organizing the brain during development and repairing it after injury. Perez thinks the brain chemical may be a marker for genetic vulnerability (脆弱性) to anxiety and depression. But it can also respond to changes in the environment in a positive way, possibly by preserving new brain cells.

While both the calm and anxious rats produced the same number of new brain cells, these cells were less likely to survive in the high-anxiety rats, the team found. Giving the rats better living conditions or injecting them with FGF2 helped improve cell survival.

“This discovery may pave the way for new, more specific treatments for anxiety that will not

be based on sedation(药物镇静), but will instead fight the real cause of the disease,” Dr. Pier Vincenzo Piazza from France said in a statement.

6. We know from the passage that with the levels of FGF2 decreasing, the rats will . A. die of anxiety soon B. suffer from a headache C. become more relaxed D. become more anxious 7. What’s the better way to increase the levels of FGF2? A. Introducing more companions to the anxious rats. B. Improving the living conditions of the anxious rats. C. Injecting the anxious rats with some special medicine. D. Giving the anxious rats more time to relax.

8. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to .

A. the team B. the gene C. the growth factor D. the brain 9. What’s the main influence of the new discovery? A. Doctors won’t use any medicine to cure anxiety. B. Doctors may treat anxiety more efficiently. C. Doctors will find the real cause of anxiety. D. Doctors may find new medicine for anxiety.

10. Which of the following would be the most suitable title for the passage? A. Anxious rats and relaxed rats

B. Anxiety — a serious mental disease

C. Scientific research into the brain is important D. Brain chemical may play key role in anxiety

(3)

The Earth’s axis(轴) is an imaginary line that runs through the middle of the Earth from the North Pole to the South Pole. The axis of the earth is tilted (倾斜) about 23.5 degrees. This tilt of the earth results in our seasons.

In June, the Northern Hemisphere (半球) is tilted toward the sun, so the people in the Northern Hemisphere have longer and warmer days. The days are shorter and colder in the Southern Hemisphere in June, because the Earth is tilted away from the sun. The days start getting shorter in the Northern Hemisphere and longer in the Southern Hemisphere after about June 21. This is the first day of summer in the Northern Hemisphere and the first day of winter in the southern hemisphere. Daytime lasts exactly as long as nighttime on the first day of autumn (about September 21) and the first day of spring (about March 21). The first day of winter in the Northern Hemisphere, usually December 21, is the shortest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere and the longest day of the year in the Southern Hemisphere.

The days are longer in summer and shorter in winter the further you move from the equator. It’s generally dark on a summer night in Florida by 8:30 p.m., but in Vermont, there will still be some light at 10:00 p.m. The situation is reversed(相反的) in winter, where the sun will go down in Vermont by 3:45 p.m. while there remains light in Florida until 5:15 p.m.

Northern Alaska is called the “Land of the Midnight Sun” because it never gets dark during the summer months. That part of the Earth is facing the sun all day and all night. Antarctica never sees daylight during those months. The situation is reversed in December and January when northern Alaska never sees the sun while it continues to light the sky at night in Antarctica. 11. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. The Earth’s axis does not exist in reality.

B. The Earth’s axis is tilted about 23.5 degrees. C. The earth’s axis is east–west.

D. The tilt of the Earth causes seasons to take place.

12. According to the second paragraph, we can know that . A. the Southern Hemisphere is tilted away from the sun in June B. June 21 is the longest day of a year in the Southern Hemisphere

C. December 21 is the coldest day of a year in the Northern Hemisphere

D. there is only one day in a year when daytime lasts exactly as long as nighttime 13. According to the passage, we can infer that . A. in the Northern Hemisphere, the more northern, the longer daytime in summer B. in the Southern Hemisphere, the more northern, the shorter daytime in winter C. Florida is further to the equator than Vermont

D. In China, Changchun’s daytime in winter is longer than that of Guangzhou 14. Northern Alaska gets the name “Land of the Midnight Sun” because ________. A. it is always daytime during the summer months B. it is located in the center of the Earth C. it is located on the equator of the Earth

D. only at midnight can people there see the sun

15. If we want to make science research in Antarctica, we may choose the following months EXCEPT _______.

A. December B. January C. February D. June 16. What might be the most suitable title for the text? A. Season and space B. The change of daytime

C. Land of the Midnight Sun D. Northern and Southern Hemisphere

2011届英语阅读理解专练---主旨细节类1

巩固练习答案与解析

(1)

1. C。细节理解题。A项中的immediately与原文的意思有出入；根据文章第一段第一句When we talk about intelligence, we do not mean the ability to get good scores in certain kinds of tests or even the ability to do well in school.可知，聪明并非意味着在某些考试中得高分或者在学校学习好，由此排除B项；由第一段最后一句可知D项不正确；由文章第一段第二句By intelligence we mean a way of living and behaving, especially in a new or anxious situation.可知C项正确：聪明指的是处理生活中实际事物的能力。

2. C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句For example, when in a new situation, an intelligent person thinks about the situation, not about himself or what might happen to him.可知C项正确，且可以排除A、D两项；根据文章第二段第三句He probably isn’t sure how it will all work out, but at least he tries.可排除B项。

3. C。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后两句可知，聪明的孩子想真正了解生活，他努力接触身边的一切事物；而不聪明的孩子则脱离生活，让自己的生活限制在一个封闭和自我梦境的世界里。他们对待生活的态度是截然不同的，由此可推知C项正确。

4. A。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了什么才是真正的聪明这一话题。故答案为A。B、C、D项过于片面。

5. D。推理判断题。文章已经探讨了聪明的含义以及什么样的人是聪明的，故排除A项、C项；文章的中心思想并未涉及教育问题，故排除B项；故D项（如何教导不聪明的人）很

可能是作者接下来要讨论的话题。

（2）

6. D。细节理解题。从第二段可知，随着fibroblast growth factor 2的减少，老鼠就会变得更加焦虑；如果FGF2增加的话，老鼠就会变得安静一些。故D项正确。

7. B。细节理解题。从第二、六段的介绍可知，改善老鼠的生活环境可以使焦虑的老鼠变得安静一些，故B项正确。

8. D。指代题。从第四段可知此处的it指代大脑，故答案为D。

9. B。推理判断题。从最后一段中This discovery may pave the way for new, more specific treatments for anxiety that will not be based on sedation, but will instead fight the real cause of the disease可推知，这项实验为医生治疗焦虑症提供了更好更有效的办法，故选B项。

10. D。归纳标题题。本文主要介绍了科学家发现大脑里有一种化学物质对人类的焦虑有很大的影响，此发现对医生找到更好治疗焦虑症的方法很有帮助。故D项作标题符合文章主旨。

（3）

11. C。细节理解题。从第一段内容可以看出，A、B、D选项符合文章内容，从第一段的第一句话可以知道C选项与原文不符。故选C项。 12. A。细节理解题。从第二段The days are shorter and colder in the Southern Hemisphere in June, because the Earth is tilted away from the sun.可知A选项正确。B、C、D选项均与第二段中的内容不符。

13. A。推理判断题。根据第三段The days are longer in summer and shorter in winter the further you move from the equator.可以推出在北半球越往北，夏天日长越长。故选A。

14. 细节理解题。根据最后一段 Northern Alaska is called the “Land of the Midnight Sun” because it never gets dark during the summer months.可知A选项正确。

15. D。推理判断题。根据最后一段The situation is reversed in December and January when northern Alaska never sees the sun while it continues to light the sky at night in Antarctica.可知在6月，南极出现夜长，昼短甚至极夜的状况。因此，6月去南极考查是不合适的。

16. A。归纳标题题。本文主要讲述了由于地球绕太阳公转而产生的四季变化，是讲述季节和空间的关系，故A选项最能体现全文的大意。

有的同学总是抱怨时间紧，根本没时间写作文。其实“写”的形式很多，不一定就写作文才提高写作能力。比如写下你一天中发生的一些重要的事情，或当天学了某一个词组，你可以创设一个语境恰如其份地用上这个词。这样即可帮你记住这个词的用法，又可以锻炼你的写作能力，比如学“wish”一词时，可写一小段如下： The teacher often asks us what we want to be in the future.My good friend Tom wishes to be a soldier.However,I'm different .I wish I were a teacher in the future.But my mother wishes me to be a doctor.

口语是需要技巧的。光靠大胆自信还不够。关键是系统的方法。我是英语专业毕业的，英语八级，现在当翻译，在大学时去英语角，上课发言等都不管用，一度非常苦恼。后来发现口语练习需要系统的方法。建议你按照我的方法做。 买个口语软件，口语宝或者右脑王都不错。 1语音阶段，照软件的内容练，一天俩小时，最多一个月，语音可以过关。无论你的基础怎么样。切记一定要仔细认真模仿纠正模仿在模仿。 2篇章阶段，根据软件上的资料，句子，语音，语调，断句，停顿，高低，节奏，长短等等，越细越好，模仿，对比，模仿，纠正，再模仿。不求量只求质。同样一个月，明显可以提高。3电影阶段，看英语电影。每句话听五遍以上，看看能听懂几个单词。在看汉语五遍，看看能听懂几个词组，再看英语五遍以上。然后倒过来从英语字幕到汉语字幕到无字幕，五遍以上。冰

河世纪这部影片够你看两个月，五分钟的影片可以看两小时以上。4与人交流。现在开始舍弃软件，自信大胆的与中国人，别管对错，把自己想说的说出来。与老外更好。记住耐心模仿，细心比较，持之以恒，反反复复，1,2个月以后你的口语一定很棒。

你是外企的白领要经常的说英语哦，这个很正常的哦，如果你要学英语口语的话，那么对如何学习英语口语我有一些经验了。我建议你可以跟我一样报个电话英语培训啊。现在的电话英语还很很好了，电话英语，只通过声音传递内容上课，所以要求学生要有更高的注意力，

因此对提高听力有很大的帮助，同时在听他人说话的同时，自己也要开口说话，这种学习方式被认为是锻炼听力和口语的最佳方法，还有，电话英语最大的优势就是将上课内容全程录音可以供课后复习。而且时间安排可以在你的工作空余时间来学习英语口语哦，

如何学习英语口语的必备条件—语言环境。口语是交流、是听和说。学习任何一种语言，首先要听懂，然后才学说话。口语不可以自学。学习英语口语必须进入英文语言环境。每天听的都是英文，也必须讲英文。中国学生为什么不会讲英文？因为中国的英文老师大部分不讲英文，用中文上英文课。学生在英文课上不讲英文，大部分还是讲中文。1 如何学好英语口语--学习英文口语最好是英文母语老师—即外教。英文为母语的老师，从小生活在英文的环境里。知道各种生活场景、生活内容的英文用语，并且他们的发音纯正，只有他们才可以教好口语。就像外国人要学中文，一定要请中国的老师。所有这里我向你推荐恩京电话英语培训学校，真是不错的，外教通过电话一对一教授日常口语，商务口语，雅思口语.面试英语，外贸口语,青少年英语等，每天回到家，晚上可以学10-20分钟，而且时间，外教都可以任选，均有指定教材，外教都是很有经验的老师，报名后每位学员在网站上都有专属学习地盘，每晚上课时外教会就你的问题当时提出纠正，上课后会在学员的学习地盘中留下当晚学习的详细评语和学员的进步情况分析，及第二天晚上上课讨论的建议。最重要的是，网站上有学员每晚学习的录音，学员可下载收听对照自己的学习；费用也特别实惠，我一个普通打工族就可以接受。随时随地和外教说英语，不错！！2 学习英文还必须了解英文为主的西方文化。学习口语必须知道在什么场合，说什么话？怎么样说话是有礼貌的？什么是外国人忌讳的？就如同中文，从小父母就会教我们在什么场合要说你好、对不起。看见老人、叔叔、阿姨应当怎样称呼？在客人面前该问什么问题？不该说什么话？等等。因为我们的言语得体可以给别人留下良好的印象，不至于造成误会。3 学习口语必须大量地听说练习。我们从小中文是怎么学会的？是每天起床后就不断

地听不断地说。每天至少12个小时在中文听说语言环境里。其他语言的学习也是同样的道理。不断地听，不断地说，随时纠正。学生只要在与外国人或学生之间讲英文，就是在学习。

我有啊，奉献给你一些啦，快快学习吧：

Do you have some time tomorrow? 明天有空吧? Yes, I do. 有啊。

How about having lunch with me? 一起吃顿中饭怎样？ Good idea. 好主意。

If you're free, how about lunch? 有空的话一起吃顿中饭如何？ When did you have in mind? 你想什么时候呢？ I was thinking about Thursday? 我看星期四怎样？ That will be fine with me. 没问题。

I'm calling to see if you would like to have lunch tomorrow. 我打电话给你，是想知道明天一起吃顿中饭怎样？ I'm sorry, but this week isn't very convenient for me. 对不起，这个星期我都不方便。

Perhaps we van make it later. 那么，也许改天吧。 That would be better. 好啊。

I'm calling to confirm our luncheon appointment. 我打电话来，是想确定一下我们约好吃饭的事。

It's tomorrow at twelve o'clock, right? 是明天12点吧？ Yes, that's right. 是的，没错。 I'll be there. 我会去的。

I'm sorry, but I have to cancel out luncheon appointment. 真抱歉，不过我不得不取消我们午餐的约会。 I'm sorry to hear that. 真遗憾。

I have pressing business to attend to. 我有紧急的事情要处理。

No problem. we'll make it later in the month. 没关系，这个月改天再说吧。 一、多“说”。

自己多创造机会与英语教师多讲英语，见了同学，尤其是和好朋友在一起时尽量用英语去问候，谈心情……这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典，遇到生词时查一下这些生词，也不用刻意去记，用的多了，这个单词自然而然就会记住。千万别把学英语当成负担，始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。

或许你有机会碰上外国人，你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼，和他谈天气、谈风景、谈学校……只是别问及他的年纪，婚史等私人问题。尽量用一些你学过的词汇，句子去和他谈天说地。不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的多。因为他和你交谈时会用许多简单词汇，而且不太看重说法，你只要发音准确，准能顺利地交流下去。只是你必须要有信心，敢于表达自己的思想。

如果没有合适的伙伴也没关系，你可以拿过一本书或其它什么东西做假想对象，对它谈你一天的所见所闻，谈你的快乐，你的悲伤等等，长此坚持下去你的口语肯定会有较大的提高。

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