新版八年级下U3_Traditional_skills_知识点讲解及练习

沪教版 u3 知识综合检测

U3 Traditional skills

一必记单词: description,describe,fishermen,although,fit,dive,ready,reach,attract,hang,require,practise,scissors,pattern Character,health,simple,lovely

二常考短语：paper cutting, up to, set off, up and down, after dark, no more, all the time

三知识讲解及拓展

Eg: 1 --How is your grandma?

--She is fine. She used to ________TV at home after supper. But now she is used to _________ out for a walk.

A watch, go B watching,go C watching,going D watch,going

2 Bamboo can _______paper.

A used to make B be used make C be used to make D be used to making

2 although 虽然，尽管

与though同义，用来引导让步状语从句。不能与but同时出现在句子中。Although比较正式，

常用于句首；though多用于非正式文体，表示强调。

Eg: --The boy can speak both English and Japanese_____he is only ten. --Wow, what a clever boy.

A if B because C although

3 fit adj. 健壮的，健康的 v. 合适，侧重于尺寸，大小合适。

To keep fit, she eats a lot of vegetables and fruits.

This coat doesn’t fit me.

4 up to 到达，至多有； up to now 到现在为止=by now

His storybooks are up to 50.

5 set off 出发，动身=set out

They set off at night.

6 get/be ready for 为......做好准备， be ready 准备好的..... Be ready to do sth准备做某事

Mother gets ready for dinner.

Tom is ready for the exam.

Are you ready?

I’m ready to go.

7 tie...around..栓......在......周围

The girl ties a scarf around her neck.

Tie to 把......系在......

He tied the horse to a tree.

Tie up 系好，捆好

Please tie up your safety belt.

8 stop ...from doing 阻止.......做......=prevent ...from=keep ...from

The heavy rain prevented/kept us from climbing the mountain.

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10 hang 悬挂，吊

悬挂： hang-hung-hung; 绞死，吊死：hang-hanged-hanged

11 throw短语

Throw ...into 把......扔进.... Throw away 扔掉 throw off 匆匆脱掉 throw at 向......扔去 He threw a stone into the river.

Throw away those old newspapers.

Don’t throw off your coat. It’s cold outside.

Tom threw stones at my dog.

12 require&need

Plants require watering every day.

They require that I should appear.

I need to buy a new bike.

The room needs to be cleaned.

You needn’t come.

We are no longer students.

He is no more a student.= He isn’t a student any more.

14 mistake 错误

Make a mistake 犯错误 by mistake 错误地，无意中

Mistake A for B 把A错认成B

He makes a lot of mistakes in grammar.

I took her umbrella by mistake.

I often mistake Lucy for Lily.

Tom left for Shanghai two weeks later.

16 keep 短语

Keep sb/sth + 形容词：使......保持......; keep +形容词：保持某种状态； keep (sb) doing：不停地做某事

Coats will keep you warm.

We should keep out school clean and tidy.

The shop keeps open twelve hours a day.

Don’t keep talking.

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17 名词+y=形容词

Health(健康）+y=healthy（健康的） luck(幸运）+y=lucky（幸运的）

In good/bad/poor health 健康状况好/不好 keep healthy 保持健康

For luck 为了吉利； bad luck 倒霉 good luck 好运

They made wine from rice.

Paper is made from wood.

The house is made of wood,

The doll is made up of four parts.

四语法--被动语态

英语动词有两种语态：_____________和________________。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

1、被动语态的构成

英语动词的被动语态由____________________________构成。助动词be必须与主语的人称和数量保持一致，并有时态的变化。例如：The man was fooled by the two boys.The book has been translated into several languages.

2、被动语态的用法

（1）动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态。例如：

Street lights are often turned on at six in winter. The new test book will be used next term.

（2）当动作的承受者比起动作的执行者来说更能引起人们的关心而需要加以强调时，要用被动语态。例如： This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop.The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday.

（3）含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保留不变。变为主语的若是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to 或for。

例如：The pianist gave the pupils(间接宾语)some advice(直接宾语)

→The pupils were given some advice by the pianist.→Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist.

(4)在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch、hear、feel等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。

例如：The boss made them work ten hours a day.→They were made to work ten hours a day.

A boy saw him enter the house.→He was seen to enter the house.

3、被动语态的时态

一般现在时构成：助动词be + 动词的过去分词例如：This kind of car is made in shanghai.

一般过去时构成：助动词was/were + 动词的过去分词例如：The bridge was built in 1992.

现在进行时构成：be + being + 动词的过去分词例如：A new bridge is being built in my hometown.

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过去进行时构成：was/were + being + 动词的过去分词

一般将来时构成：will/be going to do + be + 动词的过去分词例如：These books are going to be posted tomorrow. 过去将来时构成：would/was(were )going to do + be + 动词的过去分词

现在完成时构成：助动词have/has + been + 动词的过去分词例如：Has his work been finished?

过去完成时构成：助动词had + been + 动词的过去分词

带有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词 + be + 动词的过去分词例如：Can this walkman be repaired here?

主动语态改为被动语态的步骤：

①主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态句中的主语；

②主动语态句中的动词改为相应的被动语态；

③主动语态句中的主语变为被动语态句中by的宾语。

主动语态句中的谓语动词带有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语时，转换方法有两种：

①把间接宾语转化为主语，保留直接宾语

②把直接宾语转化为主语，保留间接宾语。此时，一般需在间接宾语前加适当的介词（通常是介词for或to)。

在短语see sb. dosth. 中，动词see后跟不带to的不定式作宾补。改为被动语态时要加上to。用于这一结构的谓语动词一般是表示知觉的动词如see, hear,watch,find等，以及使役动词make, let等。

巩固练习

Ⅰ.把下列主动语态改为被动语态:

1、We often use a recorder in our English class.

__________________________________________________________________________

2、They will show a new film next week.

__________________________________________________________________________

3、When did they build the house?

___________________________________________________________________________

4、I saw the boy enter the room.

___________________________________________________________________________

5、Will they show a new film next week?

___________________________________________________________________________

6、Have they posted the letter yet?

____________________________________________________________________________

7、We often see him help his classmate.

___________________________________________________________________________

8、You must turn off the light before you go to bed.

____________________________________________________________________________

9、Who is repairing the bike?

____________________________________________________________________________

10、The student should learn all the texts by heart.

____________________________________________________________________________

Ⅱ.选择填空:

1. The reading room ________ yesterday afternoon.

A. cleaned B. is cleaned C. was cleaning D. was cleaned

2. The workers were made ________ ten hours a day.

A. work B. to work C. working D. worked

3. Food ________ in a cool place in summer.

沪教版 u3 知识综合检测

A. must keep B. mustn’t keep C. must be kept D. mustn’t be kept

4. His father ________ to work in Hong Kong 3 years ago.

A. sent B. was sent C. has sent D. has been sent

5. The pen ________ well.

A. writes B. is written C. was written D. writing

6. Great changes ________ in the town since 1988.

A. have taken place B. have been taken placeC. has taken place D. has been taken place

7. Our compositions must ________ next Monday.

A. be hand in B. be handed in C. handed in D. be handing in

8. The child will ________ back to his parents next month.

A. sent B. send C. be sent D. be sending

9. ____ his work ____ yet?

A. have…been finished B. has …been finishedC. has …finished D. have…finished

10. The classroom ________ now.

A. is cleaning B. is being cleaningC. is being cleaned D. is cleaned

练习

一根据提示完成单词

1 D____________ the picture you have seen.

2 Write a short article about a p_________________with a traditional skill.

3 A____________ he is over 65, he is very fit and still enjoys w_______________.

4 They can d______________ down and stay under the water for up to two minutes.

5 Damin usually sets off in the late afternoon and gets the cormorantsr______________for work.

6 The fish are then taken and thrown i___________________a big basket by Damin.

7 No nets are r___________________for this type of fishing.

8 Damin is over 65 now, but he still e______________________working.

9 After dark, he h__________________a light on a post at the front of the boat.

二单选

1 In some countries, tea ________________with milk and sugar

A is serving B is served C serves D served

2 The new type of car is going to ________in three years.

A turn out B be turned out C has turned out D have been turned out

3 --I want to sit at the table near the window.-- Sorry, ______already.

A it took B it takes C it is taking D it has been taken

4 The letter _______three days ago and it ___________yesterday.

A had post, had arrived B was posted, arrived C posted, arrived D had been posted,was arrived

5 He told me that the final examination __________next Thursday.

A is given B will be give C would have given D would be given

6 Water _________into ice,

A will changed B will be changed C should change D can be changed

7 Plays _________twice a month in that theatre.

A put on B are put on C was put on D often put on

8 The birds ________fly away last Saturday.

A let to B is let to C was let D were let to

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9 A strange sound ______yesterday evening.

A was heard B hears C heard D is heard

10 A beautiful bike ______him by his classmates.

A sent to B will sent to C was sent to D will be sent for

11 _________a new library ______in our school last year?

A Is, built B Was, built C Does, build D Did, build

12 An accident ________on this road last week.

A has been happened B was happened C is happened D happened

13 Cotton _______in the southeast of China.

A is grown B are grown C grows D grow

14 A talk on Chinese history ___________in the school hall next week.

A is given B has been given C will be given D gives

15 A lot of things __________by people to save the little girl now.

A are doing B are being done C has been done D will be done

16 --When _____ this kind of computers _________? -- Last year.

A did, use B was, used C is, used D are, used

17 The Great Wall ______________ all over the world.

A knows B knew C is know D was known

18 Who ______ this book___________?

A did, written B was, written by C did, written by D was, written

19 A story ___________by Granny yesterday.

A was told us B was told to us C is told us D told us

20 The monkey was seen _____off the tree.

A jump B jumps C jumped D to jump

三完形填空

How do people pass on messages? When you write a letter or make a telephone call, your words take a message. People communicate with words. Do you think you can communicate without words? A smile __1__ your face shows you are happy and friendly. Tears in your eyes tell __2__ that you are sad. When you __3__ your hand in class, the teacher knows you want to say something __4__ ask questions. You shake your head, and people know you are saying no. You nod and people know you are saying yes.

Other things can also give some information. __5__a sign at the bus stop helps you to know which bus __6__. A sign on the wall of your school helps you to find the library. Signs on doors tell you how to go in or out. __7__ you ever noticed that there ae a lot of signs around you and that you receive messages from __8__ all the time? People can communicate in many other ways.

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