饥饿游戏语言人物情节分析

通过分析电影 The Hunger Games 学习如何写记叙文

Teaching Objectives:

1) Knowledge objective:

Students will be able to understand the main plot and analysis the main characters of this film.

2) Ability objective:

Students will be able to apply the knowledge learned in this class to the narrative writing.

3) Emotional objective:

Students will be able to face difficulties bravely and appreciate the beauty of human nature.

Teaching key and difficult points:

1) Key point: How to connect the film with writing skills.

(Solution: By analyzing the main characters, narrative techniques and dialogues of this film.)

2) Difficult point: How to help students master the plot in a short time.

(Solution: By using lots of pictures in the p.p.t. and analyzingthe development of this film by both English and Chinese.)

Teaching Contents:

1. The author and the original work

2. The background

3. The main plot

4. The development

5. The main characters

6. The theme

7. Connection with writing

8. Summary

1. The author and the original work

The Hunger Games is a series of three adventure novels written by the American author Suzanne Collins. The novels in the trilogy are titled The Hunger Games (2008), Catching Fires (2009) and Mocking Jay (2010). (Today we mainly focus on the first serial.) It is a typical dystopia novel. In 2012, the film adaptation was released directed by Gary Ross.

Suzanne Collins(born August 10, 1962) is an American writer and novelist, best known as the author of The New York Timesbest-selling series The Hunger Games trilogy (which consists of The Hunger Games, Catching Fire, andMockingjay).

2. The background

The Hunger Games takes place in a nation known as Panem, established in North America after the destruction of the continent's civilization by an unknown event.The nation consists of the wealthy Capitol and twelve surrounding, poorer districts united under the Capitol's control.District 12, where the book begins, is located in the coal-rich region that was formerly known as Appalachia.

As a punishment for a past rebellion against the Capitol, one boy and one girl between the ages of 12 and 18 from each district are selected by an annual lottery to participate in the Hunger Games, an event in which the participants must fight to the death in an outdoor arena controlled by the Capitol, until only one individual remains.

3. The main plot

Everdeen is a 16-year-old girl from District 12 who volunteers for the 74th Hunger Games after her 12-year-old sister Primrose Everdeen is picked for reaping. She survives the games along with PeetaMellark when they both defy the Capitol by threatening to commit suicide.

4. The development

1) Beginning:

The story is narrated by 16-year-old KatnissEverdeen, a girl from District 12 who volunteers for the 74th Hunger Games in place of her younger sister. The male tribute chosen from District 12 is PeetaMellark, a former schoolmate of Katniss who once gave her bread when her family was starving.

2) Development:

Katniss and Peeta are taken to the Capitol.Peeta reveals his longtime unrequited love for Katniss. Katniss believes this to be a ploy to gain sponsors, who will give gifts to the tributes they like.

While nearly half the tributes are killed in the first day of the Games, Katniss relies on her well-practiced hunting and survival skills to remain unharmed. A few days into the Games, Katniss develops an alliance with Rue, a 12-year-old girl from the agricultural District 11 who reminds Katniss of her younger sister. In the meantime, Peeta appears to have joined forces with the tributes from the richer districts. However, when he has the opportunity to kill Katniss, he instead saves her from the others. Katniss's alliance with Rue is brought to an abrupt end when Rue is killed by another tribute. Katniss sings to Rue until she dies.

Later, a rule change is announced, allowing two tributes from the same district to win the Hunger Games as a couple. Upon hearing this, Katniss begins searching for Peeta. She eventually finds him, wounded and in hiding. As she nurses him back to health, she acts the part of a young girl falling in love to gain more favor with the audience and, consequently, gifts from her sponsors.

3) Climax:

When the couple remains as the last two surviving tributes, the game-makers reverse the rule change in an attempt to force them into a dramatic finale, in which one must kill the other to win. Katniss, in an act of defiance against the Capitol, retrieves highly poisonous berries from her pouch and offers some to Peeta. Realizing that Katniss and Peeta intend to commit suicide, the game-makers announce that both will be the victors of the 74th Hunger Games.

4) Ending:

Katniss and Peeta came back to District 12.

5. The main characters 1) KatnissEverdeen Main traits: brave, kind-hearted, determined, confused by love

Scene 1: I tried to remember how to breathe,unable to speak, totally stunned as the name bounces aroundthe inside of my skull… There must have been some mistake. This can’t be happening. Prim was one slip of paper in thousands! One slip, one slip in thousands! …

“I volunteer!” I gasp. “I volunteer as tribute!”

译文：我试图回忆怎样呼吸，我说不出话来，这个名字在我的脑子里回荡着，我完全被震蒙了，身体瘫软，一阵晕眩 一定是哪里弄错了，这不可能。波丽姆的名字可是夹在上千的纸条里啊！一张纸条，上千张纸条中的一张！

“我要做志愿者！”我喘着粗气说。“我自愿作贡品！”

分析：通过动作和语言描写，表现了凯妮斯对妹妹被选中的震惊和不解。反复默念“One slip in thousands”体现了她难以置信的心情。最后简单的语言描写表现了凯妮斯的坚定果敢以及为了家人可以毫不犹豫地付出一切。

Scene 2: “What did she say to you，after the reaping?” The host asks. Be honest. Be honest. I swallow hard. “She asked me to try really hard to win.” The audience is frozen, hanging on my every word. “And what did you say?” prompts he gently. But instead of warmth, I feel an icy rigidity take over my body. My muscles tense as they do before a kill. When I speak, my voice seems to have dropped an octave. “I swore I would.”

译文：“仪式结束后，她对你说了什么？”主持人问。要诚实，要诚实。我强忍着内心的痛楚。“她要我尽全力在比赛中获胜。”观众的气氛十分凝重，我说的每一个字都在空中回荡。“你怎么回答？”主持人温柔地问道。这时，一股冰冷的感觉传遍我全身，我身体僵硬，肌肉紧绷，似乎已经为一场厮杀做好了准备。我说话的音调好像也降了八度，“我发誓，我会的。”

分析：面对众多观众和强劲的对手，凯妮斯还是完完整整地把与妹妹的对话呈现出来，体现了她的无畏和坦率。动作描写和心理描写体现了凯妮斯面对压力时的坚强和镇静。同时观众们的反应也从侧面体现出了饥饿游戏的残酷。

Scene 3: …And then hegives me a smile that seems so genuinely sweet with just theright touch of shyness that unexpected warmth rushesthrough me. A warning bell goes off in my head. Don’t be so stupid. Peetais planning how to kill you, I remind myself. He isluring you into make you easy prey. The more likable he is, the more deadlyhe is.But because two can play at this game, I stand on tiptoe andkiss his cheek, right on his bruise.

译文：接着他对我莞尔一笑，略带一丝的羞怯，恰在我心中掀起一股暖流。可我立刻敲起警钟。“别那么傻，皮塔正计划置你于死地”我心中暗自提醒自己，“他正在引你上钩。他显得越可靠，就越要杀死你。”但不光他会巧施诡计，我踮起脚尖在他的脸颊上吻了一下，正好吻在他的淤青上。

分析：通过细致的心理描写和动作描写，表现了凯妮斯对皮塔感情的疑虑和困惑，同时也体现出了爱情在生死存亡面前的不堪一击。

Scene 4: …“You have to win,” she says. “I’m going to. Going to win for both of us now,” I promise. … For a moment, I sit there, watching my tears drip down on her face. Rue’s cannon fires. I lean forward and press my lips against her temple. Slowly, as if not to wake her, I lay her head back on the ground and release her hand. … I want to do something, right here, right now, to shame them, to make them accountable, to show the Capitol that whatever they do or force us to do there is a part of every

tribute they can’t own. That Rue was more than a piece in their games. And so am I.

译文： “你一定要赢。”她说。“我会的，现在我要为咱们两个赢。”我答应她。 有一会儿，我静静地坐在那儿，看着我的眼泪滴在露露的脸上。为露露报丧的炮声鸣响了。我俯身轻吻她的太阳穴。慢慢地，像是怕吵醒她，我把她的头放在地上，松开了她的手。 我要采取行动，就在此时、此地，去羞辱他们，让他们为自己的所作所为承担责任，让他们知道无论强迫我们做什么，都无法真正拥有我们，让他们知道露露并不是他们游戏中的一个棋子。我也不是！

分析：通过语言描写表现了凯妮斯和露露之间相互支持，相互依赖的姐妹之情。动作描写体现了凯妮斯对露露的关爱和照顾以及对露露牺牲的悲痛。最后的心理描写表现了凯妮斯复仇的决心。

2) PeetaMellark

Main traits: warm-hearted, calm, clever, infatuated by Katniss

Scene 1: “I really am sorry about your hands.” “It doesn’t matter, Katniss,” he says. “I’ve never been a contender in these Games anyway.” … “I don’t know how to say it exactly. Only . . . I want to die as myself. Does that make any sense?” he asks. I shake my head.“Do you mean you won’t kill anyone?” I ask.“No, when the time comes, I’m sure I’ll kill just like everybody else. I can’t go down without a fight. Only I keep wishing I could think of a way to . . . to show the Capitol they don’t own me. That I’m more than just a piece in their Games,” says Peeta.

译文：“弄伤了你的手，真太抱歉了。”“没关系，凯特尼斯，”他说，“反正比赛一开始，我也不是别人的对手。” “我不知该怎么说，反正 我要为一个真实的我而死，你明白吗？”他问。我摇摇头。“我不想让他们改变我，变成那种与原本的我完全不同的怪物。”“你是说你不会杀人吗？”我问。“不，到时候我会和其他人一样杀人，我不可能不战而退。只不过，我想找出办法，告诉凯匹特人他们并不能控制我，我也不是他们游戏中的一粒棋子。”皮塔说。

分析：这段描写主要以语言描写为主。前一段对话表现了皮塔对自己受伤的冷静，同时也通过对凯妮斯的原谅间接表达了皮塔对凯妮斯的爱慕之情。后一段对话表现了皮塔缜密的思考能力和独立坚强的个性。

Scene 2:“If you think about it, it’s not that surprising,” he says softly. I watch as he painfully makes it to his feet. Then he’s moving toward me, as if in slow motion, his hand is pulling the knife from his belt — Before I am even aware of my actions, my bow is loaded with the arrow pointed straight at his heart. Peeta raises his eyebrows and I see the knife has already left his hand on its way to the lake where it splashes in the water. I drop my weapons and take a step back, my face burning in what can only be shame. “No,” he says. “Do it.” Peeta limps toward me and thrusts the weapons back in my hands. “I can’t, I say. “I won’t.” “Fine, I’ll go first anyway.” He leans

down and rips the bandage off his leg, eliminating the final barrier between his blood and the earth.

译文: “仔细想想，也不太意外。”他说话的声音很微弱。我看他艰难地站立起来。然后朝我走来，好像慢动作一样，他从腰里拔出刀子——我下意识地弯弓搭箭，对准了他的心脏。皮塔扬起眉毛，把刀一下子扔到湖里，刀在水中溅起一片水花。我扔下手里的弓，向后退了一步，脸羞得通红。“不，”他说，“射吧。”皮塔一瘸一拐地来到我面前，把弓重新塞到我手里。“我不能，”我说，“我不能。”“好吧，我总要先走的。”他坐下来，拆掉腿上的绷带，拆掉了阻止血液涌出的最后一道障碍。

分析：前面的语言描写表现了皮塔面对规则的又一次改变仍然能镇定自若，冷静思考。后面的动作描写和语言描写表现了皮塔为保住凯妮斯而选择死亡的决心，体现了他对凯妮斯真挚的爱意。

6. The theme

1) Feminism

In most cases, Katnissis stronger than Peeta. And in the last, it was Katniss who managed to keep both of them survival while Peeta chose to die for love.

2) Anti-government control

In this film, government control is magnified and criticized rigorously. The District 12 is based on the northeast of the U.S., while the capitol is based on the mid-west. It is a satire to the American government.

3) The beauty of humanity

Although the survival competition is cruel for every character, the positive side and beauty of humanity and love is always brighter.

7. Connection with writing

1) 通过具体事件推动人物情感的变化。

在很多电影中我们都能印证“不是冤家不聚头”“不打不相识”等这类名言。本来相互反感或者充满敌意，怀疑和排斥，而在影片最后却成了最好的伴侣。在其中，情感的微妙起伏和变化大多都是由具体的事件影响的。在《饥饿游戏》这部电影中也有类似情节，下面来简单分析一下其中皮塔和凯妮斯的情感脉络发展。

第一次，皮塔和凯妮斯同时被选为“贡品”，两人在同一节列车，像赶赴刑场的两个孩子。他们吓坏了。虽然来自同一个区，但是他们之间并不熟悉，因为游戏规定只有一个人能活着成为胜利者，所以他们之间虽然不能说充满敌意，但是却不愿意沟通。

第二次，是在他们亮相的时候，观众在道路两旁欢呼，他们通过“导师”了解到，他们

必须呈现出兴高采烈的精神面貌，虽然虚伪，但是这种可以在某种程度上帮助他们最后取得胜利。站在车上，身后燃烧起火焰，观众欢呼，皮塔主动拉住凯妮斯的手，好像十分亲密，观众为此更加疯狂。凯妮斯觉得这种行动和皮塔本人十分虚伪。

第三次，在饥饿游戏开始的前夜，凯妮斯开始试着慢慢和皮塔沟通。从这个时候，两个人的情感开始转折。

第四次，广播公布可以有两个获胜者，前提是必须来自同一个区。凯妮斯得到消息，马上去寻找皮塔，好像是她唯一希望。找到之后，凯妮斯保护受伤的皮塔，并帮他疗伤，这个时候凯妮斯假装爱上了皮塔，而皮塔则真正爱上了伊夫蒂恩。

第五次，广播在最后的时刻突然播出之前的规则作废，胜利者仍然只有一个。这个时候皮塔似乎愿意为爱付出一切，他让凯妮斯动手杀了自己，这是两个人情感发展的高潮，而他没有想到凯妮斯竟然愿意和他一起死。而这个时候广播突然发出，他们妥协，还是两个胜利者。最后他们一起回家。

通过以上的分析，我们不难发现，情感的细微变化往往是通过事件来推动的。而先前的隔阂往往也是根源于人物性格特点的冲突。所以基于人物，用事件推动人物情绪的变化，来消除人物之间的矛盾，是这类影片中的一个特点。在记叙文写作中，我们也应该善于应用具体事件使人物形象更加饱满，情节更加生动。

2) 以主观视角进行叙事时，要善于运用语言描写、动作描写和肖像描写刻画其他角色。

主观视角的限制，作者不能对除了“我”之外的角色进行心理描写。这时就需要大量的语言动作和肖像描写进行补充。下面来简单分析一下《饥饿游戏》中对皮塔形象的刻画。

当皮塔得知自己被选为“贡品”时，“呆萌”的肖像描写和笨拙的动作描写使观众清楚地体会到了皮塔当时的反应——被吓傻了。

在饥饿游戏开始的前夜与凯妮斯的对话中，通过语言描写刻画了皮塔沉着冷静的特点和独立坚强的个性。

当得知游戏规则又一次改变自己和凯妮斯之间必须有一人死时，通过运用动作描写和语言描写表现了皮塔为保住凯妮斯而选择死亡的决心，体现了他对凯妮斯真挚的爱。

8. Summary

(1) Promoting the changing of characters’ emotions by narrating specific events.

(2) When we narrate in a subjective view, we should use much linguistic, behavioral

and iconic description to depict other characters.

（1302020207，付占超）

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