非谓语动词作宾补的用法

Unit 6 English Food: Grammar Object complements

Time: April 3rd Teacher: Zhu Zhouyue Class: Class4, Senior 2

Teaching aim:

Master the different usage of the infinitive, the present participle and the past participle as the objective complements.

Teaching methods:

Inductive Method, Practice

Teaching procedures:

Step1 Revision and Lead in

Revise the general difference between the infinitive, the present participle and the past participle that we have learnt.

Look at the following sentences, and find out the object complements in them and try to make comparison.

a. Don’t make me do this or that. I’m too busy. b. The teacher told us not to read in the sun. c. I saw her dancing happily in the classroom. d. The manager wanted the letter typed at once.

Today we are going to learn more details about the usage of the infinitive, the present participle and the past participle as the objective complements.

Step2 Grammar

非谓语动词作宾语补足语的用法及区别

一、不定式作宾补 

1．常见的接带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词：tell, ask, want, teach, allow, expect, get, demand, request, invite, love, hate, like, prefer, would like等。其否定形式在不定式前加not。作宾补的动词所表示的动作发生在这些动词之后。如： a. My mother often tells me to study hard at school.

b. Mr. Feng asked us not to play too many computer games at home. c. I want you to teach me how to learn English well.

2．常见的接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要是一些表示感觉的动词 一感：feel 二听：hear, listen to

三让：let, make, have 四看：see, watch, notice, observe 半帮助: help help sb. to do / do sth.

此时不定式（短语）表示的动作发生在感觉动词之前，事情的全部过程已经结束。 例如：a. Did you hear me sing a song last night?

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b. He saw a girl get on the bus.

其次还有几个使役动词make， have，let等。这时宾补表示的动作发生在使役动词之后。

c. Please let me help you clean / to clean the windows. d. Oh, please don’t make the baby cry again. 注意：含不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的句子变成被动语态时，要把to加回，例如： a. I heard her sing yesterday. —— She was heard to sing yesterday by me. b. He made me laugh. —— I was made to laugh by him.

二、V-ing形式作宾补

V-ing形式作宾补，表示动作的过程，即动作正在进行，尚未结束。宾语与宾补之间是主动的逻辑主谓关系。它主要是用在下列两类动词之后。

1．感觉动词，主要有see，hear，watch，observe，notice，feel，find，catch，look at，listen to等。如：

a. Don’t make any noise! Don’t you see the child sleeping?

b. I hear someone knocking at the door. Please go and see who it is. c. He saw a girl getting on the bus.

2．使役动词，主要有have，get，leave， keep，start，send，set等。如： a. I’m sorry to keep you waiting for a long time.

b. It was so cold that the travelers had the fire burning all the night.

三、V-ed形式作宾补 V-ed形式作宾补，着重动作完成，表明动作的结果，它与宾语之间是被动的逻辑主谓 关系。它主要是用在下列两类动词之后。 1．表示感觉和心理状态的动词，主要有 hear，see，find，notice，feel，watch，like，think等。如：

a. He saw the thief caught by the police yesterday. b. She was glad to see her child taken good care of.

2．表示\致使\意义的使役动词，主要有 get，have，make，keep，leave等。如： a. I’m gong to have my hair cut.

b. You’d better have that bad tooth pulled out.

Step 3注意几种习惯用法：

1. see, watch, notice, look at, observe; hear, listen to; feel ; + sb

① + do 作宾补，表示事情全过程或一次性动作，该动作已完成。表示一个事实。

② + doing 作宾补，表示一个正在进行和发生的动作，尚未结束。具有一定的描述性。

③ + done作宾补，sb跟done 之间是被动关系 。 He saw a girl get on the bus. He saw a girl getting on the bus. He saw a thief caught by the police.

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2. let / make sb do sth

get sb to do / doing / done have sb do / doing / one

3. find / think / feel it + adj. + to do 结构 ask sb to do get sb to do Step4 Practice

First, finish the grammar exercises on page 67. Then, do exercise paper. At last, do some explanation.

Step5 Summary----------做题技巧

1. 分析宾语和宾补之间的主谓关系，是主动还是被动 2. 记牢几种习惯用法

Step6 Homework

Please remember the above grammar points, try to make several sentences .

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Exercises:

1. I found _____ to answer all the questions within the time given. A. no possibility B. there was impossibility C. impossible D. it impossible 2. The teacher told Xiao Ming late for school again. A. not to be B. not be C. don’t be D. not to

3. Tom asked his mother _________ and play basketball.

A. let him go B. to let him to go C. let him to go D. to let him go

4. —Did you have anyone ______ the flowers?

— Yes, I had the trees ________.

A. to water, water B. to water, watered C. water, to be watered D. water, watered 5. My TV doesn’t work again. I want to get it ________. A. repair B. to repair C. repairing D. repaired

6. He raised his voice to make everybody in the room _____ (hear) him clearly. He raised his voice to make himself _______ (hear).

7. The boss is always getting her ______ (type) letters for him. The boss made the workers ______ (work) day and night. Yesterday he got his wallet _________ (steal). 8. — How do you know that she likes singing? — I often hear her ______ after lass.

A. to sing B. singing C. sings D. sang 9. Lily is often heard ________ in her bedroom.

A. to sing B. singing C. sings D. sang 10. Li Mei found a wallet ______ on the ground. A. lies B. lay C. to lie D. lying

11.Those naughty boys were caught ________ flowers in the garden again. A. to steal B. steal C. stealing D. stolen 12. You will see this product ______ wherever you go.

A. advertised B. advertising C. to advertise D. to be advertised 13. Many people watched the boys ________ the mountain at that time. A. climb B. climbing C. to climb D. climbed 14.—I saw Betty go to Grandpa Zhang’s home just now.

— Yes, she is often seen ______ the old man with his housework. A. help B. to help C. helps D. helped

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公开课教学反思

英语组 朱周月

4月3号上午第二节，我在高二（4）班上了一堂语法公开课，内容是非谓语动词（to do, doing, done）作宾语补足语的用法和区别。首先讲下，我所上的语法课是第6单元的，原本课本上的标题只是笼统地讲宾补，但是宾补所涉及的语法要点很多很杂，鉴于前面几个单元的语法分别涉及了非谓语动词的几种形式。因此本节课我就重点讲解了这3种非谓语动词作宾语补足语的用法和区别，希望能够起到对非谓语动词的复习和巩固效果，同时能够准确理解三者在宾补这块用法上的区别。

第一环节：复习和导入

课堂一开始，首先要求学生简要地复习下三种非谓语动词的一般区别。接着在黑板上呈现了几个句子，让学生找出这几个句子中的非谓语动词部分。然后通过句子成分分析，帮助学生理解这几个非谓语动词在句子中都是充当同一个句子成分——宾补（宾语补足语）。最后，试着引起学生思考一个问题：同是充当宾补，那么这3种形式又有什么区别呢？结合这几个例句，试着让学生用自己的语言分析。最后简要地进行概括，让学生对此有个初步的理解。

在这一环节中，学生做的还好，能够跟着老师看黑板，分析句子成分，也能够思考老师所提出的问题，有一部分同学最后也能够得出结论。

第二环节：语法的讲解

虽然本人已经把宾补的范围缩小到只讲非谓语动词作宾补的用法和区别，但是该块内容也是很杂的，因此把3种非谓语动词作宾补分类进行讲解，同时复印笔记给学生，希望学生能够跟着老师的思路，不会把这3种形式的用法混淆。我觉得已经把笔记整理得很清晰，所举的例句也能够很好地理解相应的语言点。在分类讲解完之后，生怕学生还是会混淆，因此最后对容易混淆的交叉点进行再次复习，让学生注意起几种习惯用法，当成固定短语记忆。

在该环节中，有相当一部分同学就放弃了跟着教师学习，而是自顾自地发呆或是做其他跟学习无关的事情。很少有学生能够仔细地去看发下去的笔记，跟着老师理解语言点。或许是学生一看到密密麻麻的语法点就产生了厌学心理，当然教师本人在这一环节中，没能做到呼唤起学生的学习热情是失败的。或许是由于

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公开课，内容又多，教师觉得没那么多时间可以浪费在学生上，急于把所备内容讲完，最终造成师生互动不够，只有几个基础好的学生能够配合着。

第三环节：语法练习

在做完书本上的几道填空题目之后，再补充了一些相关的选择题。所选题目的质量还是可以的。希望通过语法练习，能够检测学生的学习效果。

从学生的反馈来看，对于简单一点的几种用法，掌握得还可以，但还是有一些混淆之处，最好再开一课时，进行重点练习和讲解。

反思这节课，觉得有以下几点还可以改进：

一、以后在上语法课时，最好能够把知识点再缩小，取一小块语言点，重点讲解，讲完即练，这样更加有针对性，学生也能够更容易体验成功。

二、当课堂出现冷场的时候，不应该继续急于把所备的课上完，而应停下来，多关注学生，积极地呼唤学生的学习热情。

三、语法课，不应只是枯燥地讲解练习，应该也要穿插情境教学，多设计些教学情境，或许能够提高学生的学习积极性。

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公开课，内容又多，教师觉得没那么多时间可以浪费在学生上，急于把所备内容讲完，最终造成师生互动不够，只有几个基础好的学生能够配合着。

第三环节：语法练习

在做完书本上的几道填空题目之后，再补充了一些相关的选择题。所选题目的质量还是可以的。希望通过语法练习，能够检测学生的学习效果。

从学生的反馈来看，对于简单一点的几种用法，掌握得还可以，但还是有一些混淆之处，最好再开一课时，进行重点练习和讲解。

反思这节课，觉得有以下几点还可以改进：

一、以后在上语法课时，最好能够把知识点再缩小，取一小块语言点，重点讲解，讲完即练，这样更加有针对性，学生也能够更容易体验成功。

二、当课堂出现冷场的时候，不应该继续急于把所备的课上完，而应停下来，多关注学生，积极地呼唤学生的学习热情。

三、语法课，不应只是枯燥地讲解练习，应该也要穿插情境教学，多设计些教学情境，或许能够提高学生的学习积极性。

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