2016同等学力申硕英语真题及答案解析(卷一卷二)

2016同等学力申硕英语真题及答案解析(卷一) (卷一) Part I Oral Communication (10 points)

Section A Directions: In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A, B and C, taken from the dialogue. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the Answer sheet. Dialogue One

A. Will you take care of that for me? B. Does it have anything valuable inside? C. How do you want to send it?

Clerk: May I help you? Customer: Yes, I’d like to send this letter to my family in England. Clerk: Did you write your return address on the envelope? Customer: Yes, I did. Clerk: ____1____ Customer: I guess I’ll send it airmail. Clerk: ____2____ Customer: Yes. I enclosed a check and some photographs. Clerk: Then you’d better send it by registered mail. Customer: That’s a good idea.___3____ Clerk: I’m sorry, sir. You’ll have to take your letter to the next window. Dialogue Two

A. You can’t even stay in the sun for five minutes. B.I guess so.

C. You want my advice?

Winne: Oh, man! Nobody can stand this kind of scorching heat. Marc: Absolutely! _____4_____ Winne: Anyway, I guess this afternoon there’s nothing we can do but stay home. Marc: ____5_____ I don’t want to be taken to the

hospital for heat exhaustion or something. Winne: ___6_____ Drink a lot of liquids and spare yourself the worst of the heat! Marc: Yean, you’re right. Got to drink a lot of fluids.

Section B Directions:In this section there is one incomplete interview which has four blanks and four choices A, B ,C and D, taken from the interview. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the interview and mark your answer on the Answer sheet. A.I literally can’t stop.

B. But now I don’t need to worry any more. C. You’re known as the first billionaire author here. D. But that’s not just about money.

Interviewer: You have published six popular books. 7Interviewee: Yeah. Interviewer: So how has being the first billionaire author affected your perception of yourself? Interviewee: I dress better. Well, you can definitely afford better clothes.8I think the single biggest thing that money gave me--and obviously I came from a place where I was a single mother and it really was hand to mouth at one point. It was literally as poor as you can get without being homeless at one point. 9 Never. Interviewer: Are you in a place now where you can accept that you will always be rich? Interviewee: No. Interviewer: And will you be writing more? Interviewee: Oh, definitely. I can’t, yeah,10Well, I mean, you could tie my hands to my sides, I suppose, but I have to write. For my own mental health, I need to write. Part II Vocabulary (10 points)

Directions: In this part there are ten sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A, B, C and D that

best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

11. Such experience helps promote one’s alertness to other cultures, as well as a better appreciation of one’s own culture.

A. preference B. adjustment C. sensitivity D. response

12. If you always try to find fault with others, it means that you have gained another shortcoming.

A. ignore B. criticize C. impress D. follow

13. The election will be brought forward to June as so many people are on holiday in July.

A. prolonged B. adapted C. postponed D. Advanced

14. As to the question of refreshments, I should think orange juice and potato chips will be sufficient.

A. enough B. abundant C. satisfying D. proper

15. Watching these kids grow brings me satisfaction that is difficult to surpass. A. obtain B. exceed C. describe D. forget

16. The journal published a series of articles that reviewed the prospects for a new era of “genetic 16. medicine”.

A. background B. exploration C. survey D. outlook

17.If you don’t slow down and take a break, you’ll be burned out very quickly. A. distressed B. anxious C. exhausted D. upset

18. Following our merging with Smith Brothers, the new company will, from now on be known as Smith and Murphy Inc.

A. cooperation B. meeting C. agreement D. combination 19. Only native-born citizens are eligible for the U.S. Presidency. A. required B. qualified C. selected D. elected

20. It was 38 degrees and the air conditioning barely cooled the room. A. simply B. quickly C. hardly D. strongly Part III Reading Comprehension (25 points)

Section A Directions: In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. Passage One

What did you study at university? If it was something along the lines of law or business, you might want to look away now. That's because according to new research, which has found a link between our university subjects and our personalities, you have selfish, uncooperative tendencies and are not very in touch with your feelings. On the plus side, you're probably the life and soul of a party, the findings suggest. Researchers analyzed data from more than 13,000 university students who were involved in 12 separate studies. From this, they discovered a correlation between the “Big Five” major personality traits and the subjects they were enrolled on. For example, those studying law, economics, political science and medicine tended to be much more outgoing than those taking other subjects, the study found. But when it came to “agreeableness” -- the tendency towards being helpful, generous and considerate -- the lawyers scored particularly low, as did business and economics students. Arts and

humanities students, as well as those studying psychology and politics scored highly for openness, meaning they were curious, imaginative and in touch with their inner feelings, while economists, engineers, lawyers and scientists scored comparatively low. However, the arts and humanities students also tended to be less conscientious and more nervous, typically exhibiting signs of anxiety and moodiness. Psychology students were not far behind arts and humanities students for these traits. Study author Anna Vedel, from the University of Aarhus in Denmark, said she was surprised by the magnitude of the results. “The effect sizes show that the differences found are not trivial, far from,” she said. “On the more humorous side they do confirm our more or less prejudicial stereotypes of the disturbed psychologist, the withdrawn natural scientist, the cynical economist.” And she said that the findings could help those school pupils who currently have no idea what to study at university, as well as helping academics to plan their lectures. “I’m not arguing that these results should play a major role in either guidance or selection, but it might provide some inspiration for students that are in doubt about study choices and want to make a choice based on more than abilities, for example,” said Dr Vedel. “Or teachers might better understand their student population.”

21.The first paragraph implies that law or business students may _______. A.be amused by the research B.be interested in the research C.dislike the research D.enjoy the research

22.According to the research, law students scored particularly low in the trait of

_______. A. generosityB. opennessC. anxiety D. selfishness 23. The word “conscientious” (Para. 4) probably means “________”. A. moody B. sensitive C. curious D. careful 24. Anna Vedel stated that the research _______. A. confirmed the link between personality and profession B. showed that the differences were far from significant C. was not reliable because of its prejudicial observation D. did not have enough samples to support its findings 25. According to Anna Vedel, the research may help ______. A. students make wise choices in finding jobs B. teachers understand their students better C. students make presentations more academically D. school pupils go to better universities Passage Two

AlphaGo’s victory over Go( 围棋 )champion Lee Se-dol reportedly shocked artificial intelligence experts, who thought such an event was 10 to 15 years away. But if the timing was a surprise, the outcome was not. On the contrary, it was inevitable and entirely foreseeable. Playing complex games is precisely what computers do supremely well. Just as they beat the world champions at checkers(跳棋)and then chess, they were destined to beat the champion at Go. Yet I don’t believe, as some do, that human defeats like this one presage an era of mass unemployment in which awesomely able computers leave most of

us with nothing to do. Advancing technology will profoundly change the nature of high-value human skills and that is threatening, but we aren’t doomed. The skills of deep human interaction, the abilities to manage the exchanges that occur only between people, will only become more valuable. Three of these skills stand out: The first, the foundation of the rest, is empathy, which is more than just feeling someone else’s pain. It’s the ability to perceive what another person is thinking or feeling, and to respond in an appropriate way. The second is creative problem-solving in groups. Research on group effectiveness shows that the key isn’t team cohesion or motivation or even the smartest member’s IQ; rather, it’s the social sensitivity of the members, their ability to read one another and keep anyone from dominating. The third critical ability, somewhat surprisingly, is storytelling, which has not traditionally been valued by organizations. Charts, graphs and data analysis will continue to be important, but that’s exactly what technology does so well. To change people’s minds or inspire them to act, tell them a story. These skills, though basic to our humanity, are fundamentally different from the skills that have been the basis of economic progress for most of human history, logic, knowledge and analysis, which we learned from textbooks and in classrooms. By contrast, the skills of deep human interaction address the often irrational reality of how human beings behave, and we find them not in textbooks but inside ourselves. As computers master ever more complexity, that’s where we’ll find the source of our continued value.

26. According to the author, AlphaGo’s victory_____. A. could have happened earlier B. came as a pleasant surprise C. was an expected result D. was more a matter of luck

27. The word “presage”(Para. 2) is closest in meaning to“ _____”. A. survive B. suffer C. invent D. predict

28. What is the author’s attitude towards the human future in the face of technology?

A. Unclear B. Confused C. Worried D. Optimistic

29. Which of the following is the most fundamental to human interaction? A. Social sensitivity of group members to understand each other. B. Strong ability to share people’s feelings and respond. C. Team spirit to make sure that everyone is involved. D. Inspirational storytelling to motivate people to act.

30. According to the author, the skills of deep human interaction . A. are the source of true human values in the future B. can work with knowledge to make the world better C. are similar to the skills of human logic and analysis D. can be learned from textbooks and in classrooms Passage Three

Last year, I went WWOOFing (Willing Workers on Organic Farms) at a

beautiful organic farm in La Réunion. With WWOOFing, volunteers exchange their time and work for food and accommodation. I slept in a cabin in the woods with hedgehogs(刺猬) digging about in the bushes, all different coloured birds singing in the morning and endless rows of palm trees offering shade from the sun. For me, one of the best ways to get to know a new place is to work with the land, live with the locals and share meals together. This is why I absolutely love WWOOFing. It has got to be one of the best ways to travel. It is a mutually beneficial exchange where everyone involved prioritises people and environment above profit. You get the time and space to deepen a connection with local communities and nature. There is a lot to learn and each farm has its own unique way of doing things, depending on the environment, climate and soil. At the farm in La Réunion we planted palm trees to harvest the core of the trunk which can be eaten in salads. Before staying with the farm I had only eaten heart of palm from cans which were nothing in comparison to the real thing, fresh from the ground. When potting up the very beginnings of the palm trees, I felt grateful to be a part of the start of the trees' cycle. I was filled with awe that something so small could grow into something so big and strong. We also did lots of weeding, which helped me to get to know all kinds of different plants, to be able to identify which ones we could use as herbs/medicine/in salads and which were seen as uneatable. I also got to harvest pineapples and guava fruit(番石榴) to make jams which will be sold at the local market. Of course, not everyone is able to travel far away into the field.

The great thing about the skill-share philosophy behind WWOOFing is that it’s something we can all do from our own backyard. The focus shifts from money to how we can best support each other in our communities. A fair exchange can make a big difference in the world.

31. WWOOFing enables volunteers to ________. A. get food and shelter for their work B.travel around La Réunion for free

C. tell the differences between various birds D. have close contact with wild animals

32. The author found his farm life in La Réunion quite ______ A. awful B. rewarding C. comfortable D. difficult

33. The author did all of the following on the organic farm EXCEPT _______. A. removing weeds B. planting palm trees C. harvesting fruits D. collecting vegetables

34. The philosophy of WWOOFing is to _______

A. improve local environment B. make locals live better C. unite different communities D. advocate a fair exchange 35. This passage is mainly about _____ A. the development of WWOOFing B. a local WWOOFing community C. a charming WWOOFing experience D. the system of WWOOFing

Passage Four

Experts say distracted walking is a growing problem, as people of all ages become more dependent on electronic devices for personal and professional matters. They also note pedestrian deaths have been rising in recent years. In 2005, 11% of all US deaths involved pedestrians, but that number rose to 15% in 2014. The rise in deaths coincides with states introducing bills that target pedestrians. Some states, such as Hawaii, Arkansas, Illinois, Nevada and New York, continue to introduce legislation every year. The measure recently introduced by New Jersey assembly woman Pamela Lampitt would ban walking while texting and prohibit pedestrians on public roads from using electronic communication devices unless they are hands-free. Violators would face fines of up to $50, 15-day imprisonment or both, which is the same penalty as jaywalking(乱穿马路). Half of the fine would be allocated to safety education about the dangers of walking while texting, said Lampit. Some see the proposal as an unnecessary government overreach, while others say they understand Lampitt's reasoning. But most agree that people need to be made aware of the issue. \potential danger to themselves and drivers on the road,\Lampitt said. \individual crossing the road distracted by their smartphone presents just as much danger to motorists as someone jaywalking and should be held, at minimum, to the same penalty.\though, is whether it can be enforced consistently by police officers who

usually have more pressing matters to deal with. Some feel that rather than imposing a new law, the state should focus on distracted-walking education. Lampitt said the measure is needed to stop and penalize \cited a National Safety Council report that showed distracted-walking incidents involving cellphones accounted for an estimated 11,101 injuries from 2000 through 2011. The study found a majority of those injured were female and most were 40 or younger. Talking on the phone was the most prevalent activity at the time of injury, while texting accounted for 12%. Nearly 80% of the injuries occurred as the result of a fall, while 9% occurred from the pedestrian striking a motionless object.

36.This passage is mainly concerned with _____ A. the difficulty in enforcing road regulations B. rising deaths caused by distracted walking C. the dangers of jaywalking on busy streets D. distracted walking involving smart phones

37. The states introducing bills that target pedestrians ________. A. have benefited from the bills B. find it hard to carry them out C. have been promoting the legislation D. will have fewer deaths of pedestrians

38. According to the measure proposed by Lampitt, walking while texting would ______.

A. become illegal B. involve safety education C. be blamed publicly D. incur a fine of over $50

39. Lampitt reasons that distracted pedestrians are as dangerous as ________. A. motorists B. speeding drivers C. jaywalkers D. drunk drivers

40. Which of the following would the author of the passage most probably agree with?

A. Males are more vulnerable to distracted-walking injures. B. Police officers are unhappy with the proposed law. C. Safety education is more important than penalty. D. Rising distracted-walking incidents call for real attention.

Section B Directions: In this section, you are required to read one quoted blog and the comments on it. The blog and comments are followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answer A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. The saying “Clothes Make the Man” dates back some 400 years and it refers to the fact that when people see a well-dressed person, they assume that person is a professional, capable, and (especially in the old days) rich. Therefore, you had to dress like how you wanted to be perceived, what you wanted to eventually achieve. Fast forward 400 years, lots of folks still think the same way. But does it really make a difference? I happen to be one of those who do not put faith in the old saying. I suppose I might be in the minority but I am a member of an elite club with the likes of Steve Jobs and Bill Gates in my camp. Perception is not reality; perception is halfway to discovering reality.

Perception is drawn from our own impressions, our own belief systems. Is it powerful and influential? Absolutely! Is it all that it seems? Less often than you think. How many times have you cast an initial judgment only to surprise yourself later and learn how you missed out on a great opportunity, person or idea? Comment 1 In the present era, many associate the well-dressed with being the most successful. It took folks in the business world a long time to overlook the way Steve Jobs wore jeans on the public stage. I did not know Mr. Jobs, though I wish I had. I have heard it said that he invented the concept of “business casual.” In my mind that is as much a matter of self-confidence as it is a matter of taste in clothing. Comment 2 You are wrong about Steve Jobs. He certainly did care about how he was perceived and his appearance was very much calculated to achieve his desired effect. From his early formal business clothing down to the aggressive casualness of his eventual black turtle neck and jeans uniform, his clothes and the impact they made were clearly foremost in his mind. Comment 3 It reminds me of the story about the philosopher who goes to a formal dinner party in jeans. When asked if he felt out of place because of his clothes, he looked around and said he hadn’t noticed.

41.Which of the following might the writer of the passage agree with? A. Steve Jobs and Bill Gates dress formally. B. We should not judge a person by his clothing. C. It is clothes that make the man.

D. The well-dressed are most likely to succeed.

42. According to the writer of the passage, perception ______. A. might prove wrong B. is powerful and reliable C. is half reality D. might be worthless to us 43. The writer of Comment 1 seems to ______.

A. dislike the way Steve Jobs dressed for business occasions B. suggest that business people have no taste in clothing C. believe that the well-dressed are the most successful

D. think that Steve Jobs’ casualness reflected his self-confidence 44. Speaking of Steve Jobs, the writer of Comment 2 ________. A. points out that Steve Jobs was a very aggressive person B. suggests that he and Steve Jobs used to be in the same club C. holds the same view as the writer of the passage D. thinks Steve Jobs’ casualness was carefully thought out

45.When he went to the dinner party in jeans (Comment 3), the philosopher _______

A. thought that people liked his clothes B. was not aware of how his clothes looked C. felt quite embarrassed D. considered himself out of place Part IV Cloze (10 points) Directions:

In this part, there is a passage with ten blanks. For each blank there are four

choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

The history of transportation is very long and full of changes and inventions. It starts ___46__ walking, which is not any invention; it just takes energy. People used to walk to get to other places. If you wanted to get somewhere quickly, the __47___way to do that was to run . Actually, the first invention for the transportation __48__ was the shoe. Centuries ago there were no shoes, and people walked barefoot. Then people invented ___49__ to transport themselves and materials from one place to another. In some cultures, people invented sledges(雪橇), ___50__ are a kind of board that you drag along the ground. You can tie things on the sledges to help carry them, but it’s a challenging invention ___51__ if you hit a rock with the sledges as you pull it, the contents can ___52___. In other cultures, people invented the wheels, which they used to make it easier to move things---and people. That was the beginning of many innovations in transportation. ___53___ people had wheels they could invent other ways to travel. They could put the wheels on a board and make it a wagon, and then they could ___54__ that wagon to an ox or a horse and ride as well as carry materials. That wheel led to __55___ we have today: trucks, automobiles, and even boats and planes. For example, there were steamboats that used giant wheels that turned with blades, pushing the water and pushing the boat forward. 46. A. on B. at C. for D. with

47. A. possible B. only C. one D. Just

48. A. probably B. luckily C. really D. Formerly 49. A. methods B. channels C. ways D. Measures 50. A. what B. when C. where D. Which 51. A. unless B. but C. even D. Since

52. A. pull out B. slip off C. hold down D. put down 53. A.Once B. Then C. However D.Yet 54. A. stick B. make C. fasten D. change 55. A. what B. that C. which D. how Part V Text Completion(20 points)

Directions: In this part, there are three incomplete texts with 20 questions (Ranging from 56 to 75).Above each text there are three or four phrases to be completed .First, use the choices provided in the box to complete the phrases. Second, use the completed phrases to fill in the blanks of the text. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. Text One

56. A.many B.choose C.think of D. ways of Phrases: A.56only one language B.57any reason not to C.in58different ways D.the most boring59seeing the world I think every language has a certain way of seeing the world. Each is a whole different world – a whole different mindsets. I couldn’t possibly60because it would mean really giving up the possibility to be able to see the world. So the monolingual lifestyle, for me, is the saddest, the loneliest,62. There are so many advantages of learning a language; I really

can’t63. Text Two A. known B. idea C. feel

Phrases: A. but it may64like forever B. a person may have no65what is wrong C.what is66as panic disorder A panic attack is a sudden feeling of terror. Usually it does not last long, __67__. The cause can be something as normally uneventful at driving over a bridge or flying in an airplane. And it can happen even if the person has driven over many bridges or flown many times before. A fast heartbeat. Sweaty hands. Difficulty breathing. A lightheaded feeling. At first __68___. But these can all be signs of ___69____. The first appearance usually is between the ages of eighteen and twenty-four. 1n some cases it develops after a tragedy. Like the death of a loved one, or some other difficult situation. Text Three A.lights B.protect C. in the dark Phrases: A.sit at home70 B.turn off all non-essential71 C.passed a law to I’m a big fan of trying to save the environment, and this month is the WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature) annual Earth Hour. Earth Hour is an event where you 73 and power between 8-9 pm, things like your TV and computer. However, you don’t just 74 for an hour. Instead, people gather in groups and have fun without using power. Things like dancing, fireworks and musical performances are popular and it’s very fun to take part. Earth Hour isn’t just about saving energy; people involved in Earth Hour have also planted a forest in Uganda, built

2016年同等学力申硕英语真题参考答案及解析

1.本题选 C 解析：根据第 1 题空格下面一行顾客说“我想我会用航空邮件寄”可以推断店员在问邮寄方式。故本题选 C。

2.本题选 B 解析：根据第 2 题下方顾客回答“是的。我附了一张支票和一些照片”可以推断店员询问的是信内物品。只有 B 选项符合。故本题选 B。 3.本题选 A 解析：根据最后店员回答“抱歉，先生。你得带着你的信到下一个窗口”。可知顾客询问是否能够在原窗口处理。故本题选 A。

4.本题选 A 解析：根据 Winne 说的“没人能够忍受这样的炎热”和 Marc 回答的 Absolutely 可知第 4 题仍应为炎热的话题。故本题选 A。

5.本题选 B 解析：根据第 5 题后面“我不想因为中暑或什么事被送进医院”可知 Marc 同意上面 Winne 的观点。故本题选 B。

6.本题选 C 解析：根据最后 Marc 的回答“对，你是对的。必须喝大量的水”可知 Winne 在上面对话中给出了意见。故本题选 C。

7.本题选 C 解析：根据对话第三行 Interviewer 的话“成为首位身价亿万的作家如何影响你对自己的看法?”可知，四个选择中只有C 选项提到 the first billionaire author，故本题选 C。

8.本题选 D 解析：根据第 8 题空格后的描述，讲到金钱以及受访者的家庭状况(单亲家庭，勉强糊口)。故这里应该选择 D 选项，与金钱有关，但不单单只是金钱。故本题选 D。

9.本题选 B 解析：根据第 9 题空格前的“除了没有无家可归之外一贫如洗”和空格后的 Never，可知这里应该是一个转折，选项中只有 B“但是现在我再也不用

担心了”相符。故本题选 B。

10.本题选 A 解析：根据 Interviewer 最后一个问题“你还会继续写作吗?” 可知这里是回答是否会继续写作以及原因，并且第 10 题空格前出现“I can’t,…”。选项中 A 与问句相符。故本题选 A。

11.本题选 C 解析：preference 是“倾向，偏爱”;adjustment 是“调整，调节”;sensitivity 是“敏感，灵敏度”;response 是“反应”。划线单词 alertness 是“机敏”的意思，与 sensitivity 相近，故本题选 C。 句意：这样的经验有助于提升一个人对其他文化的敏感度，同时也加深对自己文化的认识。

12.本题选 B 解析：ignore 是“忽视”;criticize 是“批评”;impress 是“给人印象”;follow 是“跟随”。划线短语 find fault with 是“批评，挑剔”的意思，与 criticize 的意思相近，故本题选 B。句意：如果你总是想批评别人，这意味着你已经有了另一个缺点。

13.本题选 D 解析：prolong 是“拖延”;adapt 是“适应”;postpone 是“使… 延期”;advance 是“将…提前”。划线短语 bring forward 是 “提前”的意思，与 advance 的意思相近，故本题选 D。句意：选举将提前到六月，因为很多人七月份休假。

14.本题选 A 解析：enough 是“足够的”;abundant 是“丰富的”;satisfying 是“令人满意的”;proper 是“适当的”。划线单词 sufficient 是“足够的”意思，与 enough 意思相近，故答案选 A。句意：关于点心的问题，我认为橙汁和薯片是足够的。 15.本题选B 解析：obtain 是“获得”;exceed 是“超过”;describe 是“描述”;forget 是“忘记”。划线单词 surpass 是“超过”的意思，与 exceed 意思相近，故答案选 B。句意：看着这些孩子成长会带给我难以逾越的满足感。

16.本题选 D 解析：background 是“背景”;exploration 是“探索”;survey 是“调查”;outlook 是“前景”。划线单词 prospect 是“前景，展望”的意思，与 outlook 意思相近，故答案选 D。句意：该期刊刊登了一系列文章，回顾了“遗传医学”新时代的前景。 17.本题选 C 解析：distressed 是“痛苦的，忧虑的”;anxious 是“焦虑的”; exhausted 是“疲惫的”;upset 是“难过的”。划线短语 burn out 是“精疲力竭的”，与 exhausted 意思相近，故答案选 C。句意：如果你不慢下来歇口气，你很快会精疲力尽。

18.本题选 D 解析：cooperation 是“合作，协作”;meeting 是“会见”; agreement 是“同意”;combination 是“结合”。划线单词 merge 是“合并，结合”的意思，与 combination 意思相近，故答案选 D。 句意：随着我们与史密斯兄弟公司的合并，从现在起，新公司将变成史密斯-墨菲股份有限公司。

19.本题选 B 解析：required 是“必须的”;qualified 是“有资格的”;selected 是“挑选出来的”;elected 是“选举的”。划线单词 eligible 是“符合条件的”意思，与 qualified 意思相近，故答案选 B。句意：只有土生土长的公民才有资格竞选美国总统。

20.本题选C 解析：simply 是“简单地，仅仅”;quickly 是“迅速地”;hardly 是“几乎不”;strongly 是“强有力地”。划线单词 barely 是 “几乎不”的意思，与 hardly 意思相近，故答案选 C。句意：气温 38 度，空调难以使屋子冷却下来。

21.本题选C 解析：推断题。题干问：“从第一段可以推断出学法律和商科的学生可能....”选项中都出现了 research 调查，可知题干问的是法律和商科学生对这项调查的看法。定位信息到文章第一二句：What did you study at university?

If it was something along the lines of law or business, you might want to look away now，本句译为：你在大学学什么?如果是法律，商科之类的东西，那么你可能现在想把视线移开(不想看)。关键词 “look away ”译为“将视线从...移开，不再看....”由此推断，学法律和商科的学生可能不喜欢这项调查研究。故答案选 C。 22.本题选 A 解析：细节题。题干是问：“根据调查，学法律的学生在...特征上面得分明显很低。”题干关键词是“ particularly low”， 定位信息于第三段 when it came to “agreeableness” -- the tendency towards being helpful, generous and considerate -- the lawyers scored particularly low, A 项 generosity 对应的是原文中 generous，译为慷慨，大方。B 项的 openness 是一个迷惑选项，出现在第四段 for openness, meaning they were curious, imaginative and in touch with their inner feelings, while economists, engineers, lawyers and scientists scored comparatively low.这里需要注意的是，学法律的学生在 openness 这方面得分是相对较低 comparatively low，而题干问的是“ particularly low 尤其低，非常低”，故 B 项不正确; C 项的 anxiety 说的是艺术和人文学科的学生，对应第四段原文 the arts and humanities students also tended to be less conscientious and more nervous, typically exhibiting signs of anxiety and moodiness. D 项 selfishness 在文中第一段就提到 “you have selfish, uncooperative tendencies ”这是学法律学生的特征，所以得分应该是很高的。故答案选 A。

23.本题选 D 解析：“conscientious”是“认真负责，谨慎的”，A 项 moody 是“喜怒无常的”;B 项 sensitive 是“敏感的”;C 项 curious 是“好奇的” D 项 careful 是“认真细心的，办事周到的”，与 conscientious 意思最为相近，故答案选 D。

24.本题选 A 解析：细节题。根据 Anna Vedel 定位信息于第五、六段。第五段 The effect sizes show that the differences found are not trivial, far from 中 trivial 译为“微不足道的，不重要的”not trivial 则是“重要的，值得注意的”，而 B 项中 significant 译为“重要的”但其前面有 far from“远离”，那么 far from significant 则译为“不重要的”，和原文意思相反。从第六段中 help those school pupils who currently have no idea what to study at university....but it might provide some inspiration for students that are in doubt about study choices... 可以知道这个调查能够给那些比较迷惑的学生在选择专业方面提供一些帮助，可以根据前文中所提到的不同性格来选择专业，也就是 B 项：“调查确定了性格与专业之间的联系”。C、D 项 Anna Vedel 并没有提及。故答案选 A。 25.本题选 B. 解析：细节题。题干问的是根据 Anna Vedel 所言，这个调查可能帮助... ;定位至文章第六段，A 项：帮助学生在找工作方面做出明智选择，文章讲的是为学生在选择专业方面提供一些帮助;C 项：帮助学生作出更有学术性的报告。而原文中 helping academics to plan their lectures“帮助大学教师安排他们的讲座”，“academics”是指大学教师。所以 C 项和原文不符。D 项：帮助学生上更好的大学。文章第六段中讲的是在学生选择专业方面提供帮助，而不是上更好的大学。B 项对应文章最后一句话“teachers might better understand their student population.”也就是帮助老师更好的了解学生。故答案选 B. 26. 本题选 C 解析：推断题。根据文章第一段最后 2 句“But if the timing was a surprise, the outcome was not. On the contrary, it was inevitable and entirely foreseeable.”可知作者认为阿尔法 Go 获胜的这一结果并不意外，完全可以预见。C 项为“是可以预测的结果”，与作者的观点一致;A 为“应该早一点发生”; B

为“是一个令人愉快的意外”;D 为“是运气使然”，均与作者的观点不一致。故答案选 C。

27.本题选 D 解析：词义题。根据题目中的 presage 定位至文章第二段对应位置“presage an era of”，era 意为“时代”。意为“预示了这样一个时代”。presage 意为“预示，预测”。D 项 predict 为“预测，预示”，与 presage 意思相近;A 项 survive 为“幸存”，B 项 suffer 为“遭受，忍受”;C 项 invent 为“发明，创造”。故答案选 D。

28.本题选 D 解析：态度题。作者在第二段已明确表明自己的观点：Yet I don’t believe, as some do, that human defeats like this one presage an era of mass unemployment in which awesomely able computers … and that is threatening, but we aren’t doomed.，可知作者不赞同人们对于计算机将代替人类这一观点，并且认为先进的技术虽然对人类的未来存在着威胁，但并不注定人类将会被打败。此外整篇文章作者都在表明人类的许多特质和价值是计算机所不能代替的。例如在文章的第三四五段，作者分别列举出了三点人类所特有的技能，表明了人类在面临科技发展，仍然具有不可取代的价值。意即作者对人类的未来抱有一种积极乐观的态度，故答案选 D。A 项 Unclear 不明确的;B.项 Confused 迷惑的;C.项 Worried 着急的，担忧的;D 项 Optimistic 乐观的。

29.本题选 B 解析：细节题。根据题目中的 fundamental 定位至文章第三段对应位置“the foundation of the rest, is empathy, which is more than just feeling someone else’s pain. It’s the ability to perceive what another person is thinking or feeling, and to respond in an appropriate way. (最基本的是共鸣，即对他人的痛苦感同身受，这是一种理解他人所想所感，并且能以适当的方式回应的能力)”。

可知 B 项“分担他人感受并予以回应的强大能力”是人际互动最基本的，故答案选 B。A 选项在文章第四段，即第二段技能中出现，D 选项在第五段，即第三项技能中出现，但均不是题干中所问的 the most fundamental。C 选项文章没有提及。

30.本题选 A 解析：细节题。题干问的是，在作者看来，深入的人际互动的技能 _____. 由文章最后一句 that’s where we’ll find the source of our continued value，由此可知 A 项“在未来，是人类真正价值所在的来源”是正确选项。本题 C 项“与人类的逻辑与分析能力相似”;D 项“可以从书本和课堂学习到”与原文不符;B 项文中没有提及，故答案选 A。

31.本题选 A 解析：细节题。根据题干定位到第一段第二句，With WWOOFing, volunteers exchange their time and work for food and accommodation.(参加 WWOOFing，志愿者们可以通过交换时间和工作来换取食、宿)，所以 A 项正确;B 项“免费环游 La Réunion”文中没有涉及;C 项“找出各种鸟类之间的差异”文中没有涉及，第一段第三句只讲到“all different coloured birds singing in the morning”(各种颜色鲜艳的鸟儿在早晨唱歌);D 项“与野生动物亲密接触”，文中没有涉及，第一段第三句只讲到“I slept in a cabin in the woods with hedgehogs(刺猬) digging about in the bushes”我睡在林中小屋，(附近有)刺猬在灌木丛中挖洞，故答案选 A。

32.本题选 B 解析：推断题。根据题干定位到第三段，第四句讲到， I felt grateful to be a part of the start of the trees' cycle.(我对能参与树木周期最开始的部分满怀感激);第五句讲到，I was filled with awe that something so small could grow into something so big and strong(我对小树苗能够长成参天大树充满着敬畏);

第四段讲到，We also did lots of weeding, which helped me to get to know all kinds of different plants, to be able to identify which ones we could use as herbs/medicine/in salads and which were seen as uneatable(我们也做了大量的除草工作,这帮助我了解各种不同的植物,并且能够识别哪些可以用制作草药沙拉,哪些是不能吃的。);第二段第三、四句讲到，This is why I absolutely love WWOOFing. (这就是我为什么非常喜欢 WWOOFing 的原因); It has got to be one of the best ways to travel(它是最好的旅行方式之一);It is a mutually beneficial exchange (这是一种互惠互利的交换方式)，综合以上，故答案选 B。 33. 本题选 D 解析：细节题。根据题干定位至第三、四段，第三段第二句讲到，At the farm in La Réunion we planted palm trees to harvest the core of the trunk which can be eaten in salads(在 La Réunion 农场，我们种植棕榈树以获得它的汁水拌沙拉吃)，所以 B 项正确;第四段第一句讲到，We also did lots of weeding(我们也做了很多的除草工作)，所以 A 项正确;第二句讲到，I also got to harvest pineapples and guava fruit to make jams which will be sold at the local market(我也收获了菠萝和番石榴，以制作在当地市场出售的甜酱。)，所以 C 项正确。故答案选 D。

34.本题选 D 解析：细节题。根据题干的 philosophy of WWOOFing 定位到第五段，第二句讲到 The great thing about the skill-share philosophy behind WWOOFing is that it’s something we can all do from our own backyard. (WWOOFing 背后折射出的技能分享哲学的伟大之处在于这些东西我们都可以从自己的后院制作出来)，第三句讲到，The focus shifts from money to how we can best support each other in our communities. (重点从金钱转变为如何最好

地在我们的社区中互相支持。)，第四句讲到，A fair exchange can make a big difference in the world.(一个公平的交换可以使这个世界大不同)，由此可知，答案选 D。

35.本题选 C 解析：主旨题。根据题干定位到第一段，第一句讲到 Last year,I went WWOOFing (Willing Workers on Organic Farms) at a beautiful organic farm in the south of La Réunion.(去年，我参加了在 La Réunion 南边一个漂亮的有机农场的WWOOFing);第三段和第四段讲到作者在此次 WWOOFing 所经历过以及学到的东西;最后一段讲到通过这次WWOOFing，作者指出“WWOOFing 背后折射出的技能分享哲学的意义”，所以 A 项“WWOOFing 的发展”;B 项“一个本土化的 WWOOFing 社区”;D 项“WWOOFing 的系统” 均没有涉及，综合以上，故答案选 C。

36.本题选 B 解析：主旨题。题干问的是此篇文章主要关注_______。从文章第一段 Experts say distracted walking is a growing problem, ........ They also note pedestrian deaths have been rising in recent years.中可以得知。 B 项 rising deaths caused by distracted walking 为正确选项。A 项 the difficulty in enforcing road regulations 实施道路管制的困难，C 项 the dangers of jaywalking on busy streets 在繁忙街道上乱穿马路的危险和 D 项 distracted walking involving smartphones 忙于智能电话的走路分神都不是文章主要讨论的主题

37.本题选 C 解析：推断题。文章第二段说到 The rise in deaths coincides with states introducing bills that target pedestrians. Some states,……continue to introduce legislation every year.一些国家每年都会继续推行实施法规。可推断出

C 项 have been promoting the legislation 为正确选项

38.本题选 A 解析：细节题。文章第三段 Violators would face fines of up to $50, 15-day imprisonment or both, which is the same penalty as jaywalking(乱穿马路).提到违者将会罚款最高 50 美元，或者 15 天监禁，或者罚款监禁一同进行，可知 A 项 become illegal 为正确选项。D 项. incur a fine of over $50over 超过，是错误选项。

39.本题选 C 解析：细节题。从第四段\individual crossing the road distracted by their smartphone presents just as much danger to motorists as someone jaywalking and should be held, at minimum, to the same penalty.\对开车的人来说，分神看智能手机的过路行人和那些乱穿马路的人对开车者所带来的危险是一样的，这些人至少应该受到同样的处罚。因此 C 为正确选项 40.本题选 D 解析：态度题。从整篇文章以及第四段 Some see the proposal as an unnecessary government overreach, while others say they understand Lampitt's reasoning. But most agree that people need to be made aware of the issue. 的观点可知， D 项 Rising distracted-walking incidents call for real attention.为作者的观点。

41.本题选 B 解析：题干问的是：下面是个选项中，哪个是作者赞同的。文章第一段，作者先引出了整篇博客的讨论主题—一个人的着装反映出他的身份、地位等。先说了其他人的观点：大多数人认为好的着装体现出穿衣人的成功、地位等，但是，关键词在于第一段最后一句的“But”,博主在此笔锋一转，以一个一般疑问句对大多数人认为的观点提出质疑。第二、三段，博主表现了自己的观点，他不觉得一个人的着装能够反映他的身份，故 B 选项“我们不能根据着装来判断一个

人” 正确。A 选项“乔布斯和比尔盖茨穿着很正式”，与博主的观点相反，博主在第二段举出这两个人例子，就是为了证明自己的观点，他认为乔布斯和比尔盖茨穿着是随意的，因此 A 选项错误;C 选项“确实是服装成就了人类”和 D 选项“穿着得体的人很可能成功”是多数人的观点，并非是作者的观点。

42.本题选 A 解析：根据“perception 观念;看法”定位到文章第三段。根据“ Perception is not reality; perception is halfway to discovering reality. Is it powerful and influential? Absolutely! 观念不是事实，它是通往发现事实道路的中途。观念强大而有影响吗?当然!”可知观念是通往发现事实道路的中途，故 C 选项“观念是部分事实”错误;第三段后文中说道：观念并非都像看上去一样，有多少次你做出的第一判断后面只留给你惊讶，让你认识到你是如何错过了绝佳的机会，重要的人物，奇妙的想法?据此可以推测观念到最后并非都是正确的，是可靠的，正是错误的观念带来了不好的后果，故 A 选项“可能证明是错的”正确。B 选项“强大而可靠的”错误，“强大的”文中有提及，是正确的，但是并不是“可靠的”。D 选项“对我们是没有价值的”错误，“观念”最后证明有可能让我们错过好的机会，但并不是说所有的观念最后一定证明是错的，没有价值的。

43.本题选 D 解析：第一个评论的作者是赞同博主的观点的，根据“In my mind that is as much a matter of self-confidence as it is a matter of taste in clothing. 我认为：那(“商务便装”)既与自信相关，也等同程度地与穿衣的品味有关”可知：第一个评论的作者认为穿衣反映个人的自信，越是穿着随意，越是反映一个人自信，故 D 选项“乔布斯的随意反映了他的自信”正确。

44.本题选 D 解析：第二个评论的第一句“You are wrong about Steve Jobs.”就表明了评论者对于博主的看法是否定的态度，故 C 选项“与这篇博客的博主观点

一样”错误，后面他进一步解释了个人的观点：乔布斯确实很在意别人如何看待他以及自己外在极大程度上旨在获取想要的结果。从他早期正式的商务装到最后有攻击性的便装，他的服装以及这些服装的影响非常清晰地印在他的脑海里。由此可见，这个评论的作者认为乔布斯对自己的穿着是非常认真考虑的，故 D 选项正确。A 选项“指出乔布斯是一个十分有进取心的人”并不是评论者想要表达的主要内容;B 选项“表明他和乔布斯过去在同一个俱乐部” 是这个评论没有谈到的。

45.本题选 B 解析：根据原文，我们可以知道，当有人问这个哲学家是否感觉自己的穿着不得体时，他环顾了四周，表示自己没有注意过，文中的“hadn’t noticed”与 B 选项的“was not aware of” 同义替换，故 B 选项正确。

46.本题选 D 解析：本题考查短语搭配。空格所在句意思是：交通发展的历史从步行开始，步行不是一种发明。start with：从…开始。 47.本题选 B 解析：本题考查上下文语义。空格所在句意思是：如果你想很快地到达某个地方，唯一的方式就是跑着去。the only way：唯一的办法。

48.本题选 A 解析：本题考查词义辨析和上下文语义。空格所在句意思是：实际上，关于运输的第一个发明可能是鞋。probably，可能的;luckily，幸运的;really，事实上;formerly：以前;原来;从后一句“几个世纪以前没有鞋子，人们只得光着脚走路”可知，A 选项最合题意。

49.本题选 C 解析：本题考查词义辨析和上下文语义。空格所在句意思是：随后人们发明了能够把人和货物从一地运输到另一地的方法。channels，通道;measures，措施;ways，方法;methods，方法;从文章第三段第一句话中 they could invent other ways to travel 可知，选 C 更合意。

50.本题选 D 解析：本题考查上下文语义。空格所在句意思是：在一些文化中，人们发明雪橇，雪橇是一种在地面上拖着走的木板。空格前有逗号，表示后面是非限制性定语从句，而且从句中缺少主语，综合以上，D 选项的 which 最合题意.

51.本题选 D 解析：本题考查词义辨析和上下文语义。空格所在句意思是：你可以把货物绑在雪橇上来运载，但同时雪橇也是一项有挑战性的发明，因为一旦撞上石头，雪橇上面的货物就会滑落。unless：除非;but：但是;even：甚至;since：因为;综合选项词义，D 选项更符合题意。

52.本题选 B. 解析：本题考查词组辨析和上下文语义。空格所在句意思是：当你拉动雪橇，它撞上石头，车上装载的东西就会滑落。Slip off：滑落。 53. 本题选 A 解析：本题考查词义辨析和上下文语义。空格所在句意思是：一旦人们发明出轮子，他们就能够发明其他的出行方式。 once：一旦;then：然后;however：然而;yet：但是;综合选项词义，A 选项更符合题意。

54.本题选 C 解析：本题考查短语搭配。空格所在句意思是：然后人们能够把车固定在牛或者马背上，并且还能装载货物。Fasten...to：把...固定在...上。 55.本题选 A 解析：本题考查上下文语义。空格所在句意思是：轮子使我们拥有今天的一切：卡车，汽车甚至船和飞机。此处的 lead to 后缺少宾语，have 后也缺少宾语，A 选项的 what 最合题意。

56.本题选 B. 解析：choose only one language 为正确搭配，意思是“只选择一种语言”，故选 B 项。

57.本题选 C 解析：本题可采用排除法来做，A 项 many 和 D 项 ways of 无法与空格后的 any reason not to 构成搭配，B 项上题已选，故选 C 项。

58.本题选 A 解析：in many different ways 为正确搭配，意思是“以许多不同方式”，故选 A 项。

59.本题选 D 解析：空格前面的 boring 为形容词，空格后面为 seeing，四个选项中只有 ways of 符合，即 the most boring ways of seeing the world，意为“最为无聊的了解世界的方式”，故选 D 项。

60.本题选 A 解析：空格后面为一个完整的句子且空格前面只有主语 I，所以空格处缺少谓语，排除 C 和 D 项，空格后面的意思是“因为这就意味着要放弃了解这个世界的机会”，故此处选择 A 项“只选择一种语言”。61.本题选 C 解析：空格前面为一个完整的句子，故 C 项符合句意，整句话的意思是“我不可能只选择一种语言，因为这意味着要放弃能以多种不同的方式去了解这个世界的机会”。

62.本题选 D 解析：空格部分独立存在，且空格前面的意思是“所以对我来说单一语言的生活方式是最为悲哀的，最为孤独的”，故 D 项“最为无聊的了解世界的方式”。

63.本题选 B 解析：空格部分应填入的是谓语部分，空格前面的意思是 “学习一门语言有如此多的好处”，故选 B 项，意思是“我真的想不出任何不这么做的理由”。

64.本题选 C 解析：空格处缺少谓语，且空格前面为 may，故选 C 项。 65.本题选 B 解析： have no idea 为正确搭配，意思是“不知道，不清楚”。 66.本题选 A 解析：空格前面为 be 动词 is，三个选项中只有 known 符合， be known as 意思是“被认为是”，故选 A 项。

67.本题选 A. 解析：空格部分独立存在，且空格前面为一个完整的句子，三个

选项中只有 A 项符合，整句话的意思是“这种感觉通常不会持续很久，但可能感觉会很漫长”。

68.本题选 B 解析：空格部分应填入一个完整的句子，只有 B 项符合，整句话的意思是“起初人们可能完全不知道是哪里出了问题”，故选 B 项。 69.本题选 C 解析：空格前面为介词 of，三个选项中只有 C 项可填入此处，意思是“但这些都可以看作是恐慌症的征兆”。

70.本题选 C 解析：sit at home in the dark 为正确搭配，意思是“黑暗中坐在家里”。

71.本题选 A 解析：turn off the light“关上灯”，故选 A 项。

72.本题选 B 解析：空格部分缺少的是动词，故选 B 项，意思是“通过一项保护大海的法令”。

73.本题选 B 解析：空格部分缺少的是谓语部分，且空格后面为 and power，所以此处应选 B 项，意思是“‘地球一小时’是指在晚上八点到九点间人们关掉所有非必须电灯和电源的活动”。

74.本题选 A 解析：空格部分缺少的也是谓语部分，且动词应使用原形，故选 A 项，整句话的意思是“然而，你不用只是在黑暗中在家里坐一个小时”。 75.本题选 C 解析：空格处也是缺少谓语部分，且根据 and 前面的时态可知为现在完成时，故此处应选 C 项，整句话的意思是“加入 ‘地球一小时’活动中的人们已经在乌干达种下了一片森林，在印度修建了太阳能板，在阿根廷通过了一项保护大海的法令”。

Paper Two 试卷二 Part VI Translation

书籍开本呈稳态增长趋势：过去的15年,其平均页数增加了25%。一项关于《纽约时 报》2500多本畅销书的研究显示：书本的平均篇幅已经从1999年的320页增加到了2014 年的400页。开展这项调查的James Finlayson认为：书籍厚度“相对稳定逐年增长”，这种转变很大程度上归因于产业数字化。他表示：“当你在书店里拿起一本厚厚的书,有时会被吓到。但是如果你在Kindle(电子书)上读一本篇幅很长的书,那就没有问题了。” Part VII Writing

Nowadays, with the rapid development of computer technology, in particular, the artificial intelligence (AI), the application of senior AI in the future has aroused a considerable world-wide concern. It is recently reported that in a ground-breaking fight between man and AI, the world champion of game Go was mercilessly defeated by Deep Mind Alpha Go, a product from Google, which gives rise to some people’s fear toward advanced AI in future practice. And they take it for granted that human being would probably be totally controlled by machine.

As far as AI is concerned, I am fully convinced that we are supposed to maintain an objective and positive attitude toward the emerging issue of artificial intelligence. It is known to all that AI is nothing but the simulation of information on the

process of conscious thinking, or in another words, it’s something that subjects to its inventor’s design awareness. Consequently, as long as we are fully conscious of its possible disadvantages, certain restrictions can be input into the program to avoid potential disastrous occurrences. Additionally, it is well hoped that AI and intelligent machines can possibly free human labors from virtually all kinds of jobs. In that case/Above-mentioned discussion can safely lead to the conclusion that what we are supposed to do is but to learn to get along with the inevitable development of computer technology and to adapt to the updated social structure changed by AI.

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