The+Relationship+between+Men+and+Nature+Reflected+by+the+Conflict+between+Captain+Ahab+and+Moby+Dick
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TheRelationshipbetween
tweenCaptainAhaband
Men
andNatureReflectedbytheConflictbe-
MobyDick
李梦雨
(长安大学外围语学院,陕西西安710064)
Abstract:“MobyDick”iselisbased
on
a
an
and
in-depthspiritualexplorationaboutbelieE,religion,fate
out
to
nature
withmulti—layeredmeanings.This
nov-
whale-hunungadventure,which山ms
firfromsimple.Applying
beactually
a
vengeance—seekingvoyage.Theplotishostilerehtionshipbetween
Ve叮simple,yetthe
menandnature,whichisspot-
li曲tedbytheconflictbetweenCaptainAhabandMobyDick.Thisthesisdealswiththerelationshipbetweenmenandnatureaspresentedinthenovel.thesymbolicmeaningthatMelvilleintendstoconveyandhisattitudetowardstheidealrelationshipbetweenmenandnature.
meaningbehinditis
symbolism,Melvilledepicts
a
Keywords:Captain
Ahab;MobyDick;symbohsm;conflict;manandnature;relationship
中图分类号:1106文献标识码:A文章编号:1009—5039(2012)12-0216-02
1Introduction
Inthrough
tweeo
thoughIshmeal.the
uses
narrator
ofthestory.feestomialc.1proud
scenes
tobeof
thisnovel.Melville
an
symbolism
toillustratehisidea
be
oneoftheCl'eW.at
thenametimeheportrays
after
scenes
adventure,or
nlore
preciselythroughtheconflict
bloodyandruthlessslaughterofthebeautifulcreature,accusingmenofbeinginsatiableandkilling,IshmealalwaysItisobvious
CaptainAhabandMobyDick.SometimesMelvillecondemns
to
brutal.Besides.whenitcomes
thebrutality,orin
nature.
to
tothe
narrates
Ahabbe
a
demonblindedby
hishatre(1andvengeance.and
at
withgreatcompassionandremorse.
at
asense,
nthershehighlypraiseshiscourageandironwill,consideringhimtheleaderofalIpeople.Tothewhale。heshowsthesameambiva-lence
as
thatMelvilleisindignant
men’soutrageous
behaviours
to
conquer
lo
Ahab.Thewhitewhaleisthemostelegantand
ever
seen
beautiful
when
TheclueofthenovelisPeqoud’svoyage
huntdownMoby
creaturetheworldhas
whencruisinginthe
same
Dick
un—
sea
troubledby
sailors,but
at
the
to
timethecruelestandfiercest
men
thewillofCaptainAhab,thustheconflictbetweenCaptain
AhabandMobyDickis,inadeepsense,theconilictbetweenmen
on
whenemlangered.Itappearsenemieswho
cannever
thereadersthatandnatureare
andnature.ClearLyinthechasethroughtheconflictbetweenthe
two
reachreconciliation,andthedestructionof
Dmtagonists.Melvillepresents
beforethereader¥ahostilerela-
bothsignifieshismisgivingstowardsthisconflict.
tionshipbetweenmenandnature.
2TheSymbolisminConveys
theNovelandthe
Meaning
It
3CaptainAhabandMobyDickandTheirSymbolic
Meanings
behindifisby
a
Theplotofthenovelissimple.butthemeaning
no
CaptainAhabnovel.Throu【gh
andMobyDick
arethetwo
protagonistsinthe
nature
means
simple.Usingsymbolism,Melville
tunis
thestoryinto
them,therelationshipbetweenmefland
is
spirilual
nature
quest
forthemeaningoftherelationshipbe,tweenmenand
a
displayedwithoutreserve.
Beingthe
andconveys
messagethatismoreprofoundthanjust
acon-
lcaderof“Pequod”.whichisthemicrocosmof
SictbetweenAhabandMobyDick.Thesettingofthestoryisthe
creatures
Americansociety,CaptainAhabisinmanysensesthesymbolismofall
boundlesssea.which.alongwiththenumerous
livingin
humanbeings.Allthroughthenovel,hepursuesthewhitewhale
crew
to
;t.in(,ludingwhales.istheembodimentoftheuniverse.Thewhal-ingindustry
epitomizes
at
relentlessly.1endinghis
doomandheadingtowardshis
own
theprosperouslyongoingindustrialization
cost
self-destruction.Strong.determinedandbrave.hedevoteshjs
to
life
an
dewdopingrapidlyis
a
the
ofnature.ThewhalingshipofPequot
killingthewhaleandconqueringnaturebecauseheholds
an
microcosmofAmericansociety
10
and
out
ofthecrew’svarious
re-
thropocentficviewthatman“sitsatopandcontrolsthegreatchain
actionsDlicated
the
chaseoftheWbiteWhale.“Melt illeeonstmctsatom
aboutAmerican
viewof
nature
ofbeing,thatcivilizedmenandwildHeisconvinced.1ikemostofthemustconquernature
toSUlTIVe.
to
beasts.”(Wilson,1995:131)
at
statPment
andlire
exis—
Americansthattimethatmen
fence.”foubbey.1979:29—301
AttllPliraewhenMelville
t九-inAmericahadsurpassed
wrote
MobyDick.thewhalingindus—
na-
ItisnotdifficultdetectHerman
Melville’s
disapprovalof
thoseinthepreviouslyleading
Ahab’sAtiltudetowardsnature.ThisalsoreflectsMelville’sviewtowardsallhumanbeingsthattheyareself--centredandcompletely
nation
Lions,makingAmericathebiggestwhaling
intheworld.It
gneswithoutsayingthatwhalingindustrymadeenormon8contrilm一
}I”一.tu
obliviousofthegraceandgirlsthat
asense
nature
hasgrantedthem,forinwhitewhale,when
thedevelopmentofAmerican
capitalism.Butiowardsthe
CaptainAhabistheepitomeofthem.
at-
hhH:…£industry,Melville
holds
an
ambiguousfeeling.In
thebook,
Theotherprotagonistinthenovel,the
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2012年06月
tacked,is
a
dangerous
creature
thathasdestroyedmanywhalingmembered.heismuchmorecompassionateandindignantthanhe
isproud.Havingsaidthat.Melville’sattitudebecomesclear
to
shipsandkilledmanysailorswithhermighlystrength.Inmanypen—
the
pie’seyes。thewhitewhaleisinscrutableandmalevolent.the
mvofallseamenwhomaytake
away
erie—
readersbyanalyzingIshmael’stone.Everyonecan
is
a
see
thatIshmacl
theirlivesat
any
time.Ontheloverofbothnature
andPequod.soisMelville.However,he;s
remorse
on
otherhand.sheisincrediblybeautifulandpure.aninnoeentvictimofpeople’sgreed.ActuallyMobyDickdoes
or
never
vagueinexpressinghisdeep
behalfofthewhole
to
a
notmeantokillAhab
humanbeingswhenhefloating
on
seeswhalesbeing
cutmereskeleton
anyoneelseforthatmatter
is
Oil
purpose,andsheonlystrikcsbackthesurfaceofthesea.Heprofoundlyhopesthatmenand
whenherlife
endangered.Whileevokingho『rorinpeople’s
at
thewhalecanlireinpeacewitheachother.Thesymbeliemeaning
mind,thewhitenessofherbodyisbeautifuJand
thesame
timeappallinglyoftheendingmakesMelville’smessagestillclearer.Ahab’strage—icpoweristhepowerofAmerica’sdeepestdefiningman
innocent.Thusmanypeopleholdtheviewthatsheis
almostimpossible
to
euhuralcommitment
to
divine.andmostlikelyimmortal.sinceitiskillher.
againstnature.(LaurielandFitzgerald.1983:298)1’11。
destructionofbothAhabandMobyDickimpliesthemessagethat
In
thenovel,bothprotagonistshave
juslificatinn,at
leastforthemselves,tohurttheother,andbothhavedonesomethingdetri。
ment!Ato
theother.Throughtheconflict,Melville1amentsthedam.age
men
havemade
tonature
anddemonstratesthattherelationshipbetweenmenand
natureissomewhatirreconcilable.
4TheRelationshipbetween
Men
andNatut'-e
Inthenovel,Ahab’spursuitforthewhitewhaleisiustlike
whatthewholemankindhasbeendoing,especiallyduringthetime
whenHel'olanMelvillelived.
InthenineteenthcenturywhenMelville
wrote
thissignificant
novel,theconflictbetweenmeuandnature
andthedestructivecon.
sequencesthatwouldsurely
followedhadyetbeenmanifest。but
Melviilehadperceivedthehostilerelationshipandforeseenthedis.arerbroughtbysuch
hostility.Throughthe
two
maincharacters,
Melvilleshowsthereaderswherehestandsintheconilict.WhileaD.
preciatingAmerica’sachievement
on
thesea,hefearsthatAmeri,
caneivilisationwilllcadhuman
todoom.Herealises“industrious
eapitalisticsocietyitselfis
therealcause
of
Ahab’stragedy.”
(Branch.2000:135)
Melville
sees
theconflict
between
menandnatureandthe
Te—
su]toftheeonflict.asindieated
at
theendofthenovel.isthe
de.
struetionofboth.Inhisopinion.theideal
wayto
dealwithnatureis
to
liveinharmonywithitinsteadofbeingagainstit.Th治attitudeis
representedthroushthenarrationofIshmael,anotherimportantfig—oreinthenovel.
5TheHarmoniousRelationship
Thoughmanyofthecreware
nobleandhumane.1shmaeliB
theonly
one
whohasrealizedthebrutalityofhumanandobtained
theinnerharmonyunrealizedbyAhab.thushissurvivalintheend.
Throughthenovel.itisnot
diffieuhtonoticethatIshnmelsome—
times
narrates踮ifspeakingwiththevoiceofMelville.Thoughlike
Melvillehimself,IshmaeJisproudof
thevictorieshumanshave
achievedover
nature.heis
even
moreConceFrled
aboutthedamage
theyhave
done.Wheneverthereis
a
whalebeingkilledanddis一
本拦日责任煽辑:橱4障
万方数据
natureandhuman
canneverde佑ateachother,and
menare
not
al-
lowedto“stripthe
natureofits
originsIbalance.whichistheveryfoundationforthesurvivalofboth
panics.”fMelville,1999:95)
In
summary。thoughMelville
admireshuman’s
courageand
understandsthehostilitybetweenmenandnature,hestillholdsthefaiththatthey
can
Iirein
harmony.whichisalsotheidealrelation.
shipinhispointofview.
6Conclusion
By
indicating
that
nollecan
conquer
the
odler,Melville,
thoughdoes
not
speakexplicitlyinthenovel,suggests
all
idealrela-
tionshipby
Ishm∞landhissurvival,whichis
to
admireand
usena-
ture
with
a
grateful
heart.Themessage
at
thetimewhenAmerica
waraggressivelymovingtowardsindustrializationwasbeyondmany
people’scomprehension,howeverat
present,whennatureisbeingrelentlesslydamaged,moreandmore
peoplecome
to
realizethe
ne
cessityofestablishing
a
harmonious
relationshipwithnature.Re-
cently。themessagefromMelvillehundreds
yearsagoisdriven
home,whichillustratesthevisionandthedepthofMelville.
Havingsaid
so
muchabouttherelationshipbetween
men
and
nature.thereisstillmuchworthdiscussingintheHOVel.Besides
menandnature.it
alsode'Aswith
a
goodmanyotherthemessuch
as
religion,isolationand
so
on.Thus
to
fullycomprehendthis(IoveJ.
stillrequires
a
lotofresearch.
Referenees:
【l】Ousbery,Iran.TheConfidenceMan[M].PenguinClassics.1979.【2】2Wilson,EricMelville.Darwin,andtheGreatChainofBeing[M].
Boslon:DeDarEmentofEnglishNortheartemUniversity.1995.
f31Branch,Mieheal.r11}IeModelTlMidEartlM].UniversityofNebras.
kaPress.2000.
f4]HarrisL,SheiIaFitzger'Ada1.ed,Nineteenth-CenturyLiterature
Criticism,Vol12.1M1.GaleResearchCompany,1983.
【5】Melville,Herman.Maby-Dick(Enriched
Classics
Series)[M].Ten
nessee
Press.19199.
The Relationship between Men and Nature Reflected bythe Conflict between Captain Ahab and Moby Dick
作者:作者单位:刊名:英文刊名:年,卷(期):
李梦雨
长安大学外国语学院,陕西西安,710064海外英语(上)Overseas English2012(6)
参考文献(5条)
1.Ousbery,Iran The Confidence Man 1979
2.Wilson Eric Melville,Darwin,and the Great Chain of Being 19953.Braneh,Micheal The Modern Mid East 2000
4.Harris L;Sheila Fitzgerald al Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism 19835.Melville,Herman Moby-Dick (Enriched Classics Series) 1999
引用本文格式:李梦雨 The Relationship between Men and Nature Reflected by the Conflict betweenCaptain Ahab and Moby Dick[期刊论文]-海外英语(上) 2012(6)
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