2014年外研版英语选修七：module 2 知识点(2)含答案

1.attract v.

(1)吸引

A magnet attracts steel.

磁石能吸钢铁。

(2)激发；引起

①Does any of these designs attract you?

这些设计中有使你感兴趣的吗？

②The new play has attracted a good deal of criticism.

这出新剧招致很多批评。

知识拓展

(1)attract one's attention 吸引某人的注意

attract sb. to sb./sth. 引起某人对某人/某物的注意

(2)attractive adj. 吸引人的

be attractive to... 对 有吸引力

(3)attraction n. 吸引；吸引人的事物；吸引力

tourist attraction 旅游胜地

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用attract的适当形式填空

(1)The beautiful garden ________ many people.

(2)The old city is an important tourist ________.

(3)The flat was small but ________， though rather shabby.

答案：(1)attracted/attracts (2)attraction (3)attractive

2．keen adj. 渴望的；热切的；热心的；灵敏的

①We were keen on going for an outing.

我们喜欢去郊游。

②He is keen to have a look at the Great Wall.

他很想去看看长城。

③Dogs have a keen sense of smell.

狗的嗅觉很灵敏。

知识拓展

be keen on sth./sb. 热衷于某事物；对某事物满腔热情

①I'm not too keen on jazz.

我不太喜欢爵士乐。

②Mrs Hills is keen on Tom's marrying Susan.

希尔太太很希望汤姆能和苏珊结婚。

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单句改错

Dolly wants to cycle round the world and she is really keen at the idea.

_________________________________________________

答案：at改为on

3．consider v.

(1)考虑；后可接名词、代词、动名词、从句或“疑问词＋不定式”。

①He is considering changing his job.

他在考虑调换一下工作。

②He considered how he should answer/how to answer.

他考虑应如何回答。

(2)把 看作；认为；后接that­clause或复合宾语。

①We consider that the driver is not to blame.

我们认为这不是司机的过错。

②We don't consider Tom to be our best friend.

我们并不把汤姆当成我们最好的朋友。

知识拓展

(1)be considered as(把某人)看作 ；(被)认为

He's generally considered as the best one here.

他被公认为是最好的人选。

(2)consider(doing)sth. 考虑(做)某事

①Please consider my suggestion.

请考虑我的建议。

②He's considering going abroad.

他在考虑出国。

(3)consider how/what...to do sth. 考虑如何做/做什么

Have you considered how to get there?

你考虑好怎样去那儿了吗？

(4)consider＋宾语从句

Let's consider what use we can make of it.

咱们考虑怎样利用它。

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语法填空

My father considers ________(buy) a computer, which is considered ________(be) a great help in his work.

答案：buying; to be

4．develop vt. & vi.

(1)发展；发达

They're going to develop heavy industries.

他们打算发展重工业。

(2)洗印；显影

He is developing a film now.

他在冲洗胶卷。

(3)养成；培养

He's developed the habit of rising early.

他已养成早起的习惯。

(4)开发；建设

develop a mine 开矿

(5)生长；发育

①Seeds develop into plants.

种子长成植物。

②It is very important to develop children's body.

孩子的身体发育是十分重要的。

知识拓展

develop out of/from... 由 发展起来

develop(...)into(使 )发展成为

development n. 发展；开发

developed adj. 发达的

developing adj. 发展中的

underdeveloped adj. 不发达的

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完成句子

我们应尽早培养孩子的阅读习惯。

We must ________ ________ ________ ________ as early as possible.

答案：develop children's reading habit

5．activity n. 活动，行动；活跃，活力

①Students should often take part in practical activities.

学生应该经常参加实践活动。

②This is a street full of activity.

这是一条充满生气的街道。

①I'm late for supper every night because of after­school activities.

因为课外活动我每天都赶不上吃晚餐。

②It is an act of kindness to help a blind man cross the street.

帮助盲人过马路是一种善举。

③Her timely action probably saved his life.

她及时采取行动很可能救他一命。

根据汉语提示，用act及其同根词的正确形式填空

(1)三思而后行。

Think carefully before you ________.

(2)我参加很多活动，这占用了我许多时间。

I have a lot of ________ which take up much of my time.

(3)事实胜于雄辩。

________ speak louder than words.

答案：(1)act (2)activities (3)Actions

6．ability n. [U，C]能力；才能；本领；技能

①He has got a remarkable ability to get things done.

在办事方面，他显示了非凡的能力。

②She has great ability in teaching English.

她有教英文的非凡才干。

知识拓展

(1)to be best of one's ability 尽最大努力

(2)ability后可接动词不定式、介词in或for，但不能接of doing。

[译]她有能力做这项工作。

[误]She had the ability of doing the work.

[正]She had the ability to do the work.

(3)注意否定前缀的不同

注意：ability后可接动词不定式、介词in或for，但不能接of doing。

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完成句子

他为女儿能说四种语言而骄傲。

He is proud of his daughter's ________ ________ ________ four languages.

答案：ability to speak

7．innocent adj. 天真无邪的；阅世不深的；清白的；无罪的

n. [C]无罪的人；无辜的人；清白的人

①I was very young and very innocent.

那时我非常年幼无知。

②In the end the innocent was set free and the criminal was sentenced to death.

最后，无辜者被释放，罪犯被判处死刑。

知识拓展

be innocent of 没有 罪→be guilty of 有 罪

It is better that ten guilty escape than one innocent suffers. (Shakespeare)

宁可让十个罪犯漏网，不可使一个好人蒙冤。(莎士比亚)

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完成句子

不要太天真，竟至相信政客们说的每一句话。

Don't ________ ________ ________ as to believe everything the politicians say.

答案：be so innocent

8．sob

(1)v. 啜泣；呜咽；抽噎

①Some children often sob themselves to sleep.

有些孩子经常哭泣着睡着了。

②We could hear the child sobbing in the other room.

我们听到那间屋子里的小孩在抽抽搭搭地哭着。

(2)n. 呜咽；哭泣

①The beggar told us a long sob story before she asked for money.

那个叫花子先给我们讲了一个长而催人泪下的故事，然后向我们讨钱。

②The child's sobs gradually died down.

那孩子的啜泣声渐渐静了下来。

知识拓展

(1)sob过去式：sobbed；过去分词：sobbed；现在分词：sobbing；第三人称单数：sobs。

(2)常用词组：

sob one's heart out 哭得伤心至极

sob oneself to sleep 哭着哭着睡着了

sob out 哭泣着诉说

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完成句子

她哭泣着诉说了儿子在一场车祸中死亡的事情。

She ________ ________ the story of her son's death in a traffic accident.

答案：sobbed out

9．upset(upset, upset; upsetting)

(1)v. 使(某人)心烦意乱，使(肠胃)不适；打翻；打扰，扰乱；搅乱

①I'm sorry, I didn't mean to upset you.

对不起，我没想要让你不高兴。

②Recent bank failures threaten to upset the entire world economy.

近期银行纷纷倒闭，有打乱整个世界经济秩序的危险。

③Spicy food upsets my stomach.

辛辣食物使我肠胃不适。

(2)adj. 不安的；不快的；心烦意乱的；感到不适的

①She was still upset about the argument she'd had with Mary.

她依然为和玛丽发生的争论感到烦恼。

②She is really upset over not finding a job.

她找不到工作，所以很苦恼。

知识拓展

(1)upset作形容词时，可与介词over/at/about搭配，其后可接名词、动名词。

(2)upset作形容词，作表语，但不能作前置定语。

巧学助记

:

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完成句子

(1)我打乱了他们的计划，并伤害了他们的自尊心。

I ______ ______ ______ and hurt their self­esteem.

(2)犯不着为此事难过。

There is no point ________ ________ ________ it.

答案：(1)upset their plan (2)being upset about

10．polish v. 擦光；擦亮；磨光；润色

①I polished my shoes before I left home.

我在出门之前把鞋擦亮了。

②His essay needs polishing.

他的论文尚需润饰。

知识拓展

polish up 擦亮，润色，改善

polish off 做完(工作)；吃掉(食物)

polish off a big plateful of stew 很快吃完一大盘炖菜

归类各种“擦”：

完成句子

玛丽花了几天的时间来润饰演讲稿。

Mary spent several days ________ ________ ________.

答案：polishing her lecture

1.as far as I'm concerned 就我而言

①As far as I'm concerned you can do what you like.

对我个人来说，你怎么做都可以。

②I cannot stand her endless complaining. She's had it as far as I'm concerned.

她总是怨天尤人，我真是受不了。就我而言，她可是让人受够了。

③As far as I am concerned the matter is closed.

对我来说，事情已了结。

知识拓展

as/so far as... is concerned 就 而言

as/so far as I know 据我所知

as/so far as I can remember/see/tell 据我所记/依我看/依我说

as/so far as(the) eye can see 就视力所能及

①As far as I know, compared with other countries, Chinese students spend much more time studying.

据我所知，与其他国家相比较，中国学生花费了更多的时间来学习。

②As far as I can remember, Twilight—a story about vampire—was written by Stephenie Meyer.

据我所记，《暮光之城》——一个关于吸血鬼的爱情故事——是由斯蒂芬妮·梅耶所写。

完成句子

(1)就我而言，这个问题已经解决了。

______________________，the problem has been solved.

(2)据我所知，这是一个很小的错误。

______________________，it's a small mistake.

答案：(1)As far as I'm concerned (2)As far as I know

2．be likely to 有可能

①It is likely to rain.

有可能下雨。

②His condition is likely to improve.

他的情况有可能好转。

③It is likely that he didn't attend the meeting at all yesterday for he knew nothing about the report.

好像他昨天根本没参加会议，因为他对报告的事一无所知。

知识拓展

be likely to do sth. 有可能做某事

It is/was likely that 从句。有可能

辨析:likely, probable, possible

注意：(1)只有be likely前面的主语可以是人，而possible和probable不能。

(2)只有possible后面可以接for sb. to do sth.，而likely和probable不能。

(3)possible可与if(如果)连用，构成if possible省略式。

—When do you want to know the result?

你想什么时候知道结果？

—Tomorrow if possible.

如果可能的话，明天吧。

句型转换

The boy is likely to help us.

→________________ the boy will help us.

答案：It is likely that

1.To help students develop these social skills, schools offer a large number of after­school activities, in other words, activities that take place outside classroom lessons.

为帮助学生发展这些社交技能，学校安排了大量的课外活动，即在教室里上完课后进行的活动。

(1)To help students develop these social skills是不定式作目的状语；activities that take place outside classroom lessons此

处起同位语的作用，来进一步说明什么是课外活动。

(2)in other words在句中作插入语，意为“换句话说；换言之”。

①In other words I don't have to send it by air mail, right?

换句话说我不必把它航空邮寄了，对吗？

②In other words, our forces, although small at present, will grow very rapidly.

这就是说，现在我们虽只有一点小小的力量，但是它的发展会是很快的。

高考直击

(2014·重庆改编)Group activities will be organized after class ________(help) children develop team spirit.

答案：to help 本题考查的不定式做目的状语的用法。句意：为了帮助培养孩子的团队精神，课后将要组织很多的集体活动。本句中的不定式短语to help children develop team spirit在句中做目的状语，表示组织很多集体活动的目的。

语法填空

(1)Birds' singing is sometimes a warning to other birds ________(stay) away.

(2)The children all turned________(look at) the famous actress as she entered the classroom.

答案：(1)to stay (2)to look at

2．Exam grades are very important, but so are the after­school activities.

考试成绩固然重要，但是课外活动也不容忽视。

“so＋助动词/情态动词/连系动词＋主语”，此结构表示另一主语和前面所陈述的情况有着相同的肯定情况，意为“ 也是这样(如此)”。

①—She can speak some French.

她能讲一些法语。

—So can I.

我也会讲一些。

②If you go to the countryside for your holidays, so shall I.

如果你去乡村度假，我也去。

知识拓展

(1)当前面的句子是混合情况(肯定和否定的混合或没有统一助动词)时，说明“另一人/物也同样”则必须用it is/was with.../it is the same with...句型。

Tom is clever and works hard. So it is with Mary.

汤姆既聪明又努力，玛丽也是如此。

(2)用so句型表示“也一样”时，其前一句必须是肯定句，且只有一个谓语。若前一句为否定句，则用“neither (nor)＋连系动词/助动词/情态动词＋(另一)主语”表示“也不”。

①I have never been abroad, neither has he.

我从未出过国，他也没有。

②I didn't stay at home yesterday, nor did she.

我昨天没在家，她也没在家。

(3)“so＋主语＋连系动词/情态动词/助动词”这种结构中的主谓是正常语序，so相当于indeed、certainly，表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的赞同或证实，语气较强，意为“ 确实如此”。

①—He has been to the Great Wall.

他去过长城。

—So he has.

他的确如此。(注意其中的两个he，为同一个人。)

②—Tom studies hard.

汤姆学习很用功。

—So he does.

他确实如此。

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完成句子

(1)—I don't know about you, but I'm sick and tired of this weather.

—________(我也是). I can't stand all this rain.

(2)Bill wasn't happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and________(我也不高兴)．

二、表语从句的易混点

1．混淆that，which与what

that引导表语从句时，是连词，在从句中不作成分；which与what都是连接代词，引导表语从句时，都可以在从句中作主语、宾语、表语与定语，但意思不同。前者表示“哪一个”，后者表示“ 的事情、地方或一切”。 This was what he told me. (what在从句中作宾语)

这就是他告诉我的事情。

My belief is that I will succeed by working hard. (that只是引导表语从句，在从句中不作成分) 我相信通过努力我会成功的。

The problem is which school will be chosen. (which在从句中作定语)

问题是哪一所学校将被选中。

2．混淆because与why

because引导表语从句时，表示“因为”，why引导表语从句时，表示“ 的原因”，相当于the reason why。 She often comes late. That's because she has a baby to take care of.

她经常迟到。那是因为她有一个孩子要照顾。

She has a baby to take care of. That's why she often comes late.

她有一个孩子要照顾。那就是她经常迟到的原因。

注意：表示“原因是 ”时，要用the reason is/was＋that从句，其中的that不能换成because与why。

三、表语从句的难点

表语从句中的虚拟语气

1．在表示建议、劝告、命令等含义的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 My suggestion is that we (should)have a discussion about this matter instead of just laying it aside. 我的建议是我们应当讨论一下这件事，而不应该把它放在一边。

2．as if/though引导的表语从句常用虚拟语气。用一般过去时表示现在，过去进行时表示现在进行，过去完成时表示过去，could/would/might＋动词原形表示将来。

It looks as if he were ten years younger today.

今天他看起来好像年轻了10岁。

Ⅱ.主语从句

一、相关概念

二、主语从句的易混点

1．混淆that与what

that引导主语从句时，是连词，在从句中不作成分；what是连接代词，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。

That the earth turns around the sun is known to all. (that只是引导从句，在从句中不作成分)我们都知道地球围着太阳转。

What will happen to the world is difficult to predict.

(what在从句中作主语)

世界将发生什么事情是难以预测的。

2．混淆which与whichever，who与whoever，what与whatever

which，who，what都含有一定的疑问，因此它们作为疑问代词。whichever，whoever，whatever分别表示“无论哪一个，无论谁，无论什么”，表示一种陈述，不含疑问的语气。whoever，whatever分别相当于the person who/anyone who...与any thing/the thing that。

Whatever I have is yours.

我的东西都是你的。

What made her sad was not known.

不知道什么使她伤心。

三、主语从句的难点

1．由连词wh­引导的主语从句中，从句可放在句首，也可以用it作形式主语，把从句放在句末。

Whether he will be punished is not known.＝It is not known whether he will be punished.

他是否会受到惩罚还不知道。

2．主语从句中的虚拟语气

在“It＋be＋形容词＋that从句”句型中，如果形容词为necessary，important，strange，natural等时，从句谓语动词常用“(should＋)动词原形”。

It is necessary and important that one(should)master the skill of operating computers so as to meet the need of a job.

为了满足工作上的需要，掌握电脑操作技巧是很有必要并且是很重要的。

在“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”句型中，如果过去分词为suggested，advised，ordered，requested，required等时，that从句谓语动词使用“(should＋)动词原形”。

It is suggested that the sports meeting (should) be put off.

有人建议推迟举行运动会。

高考直击

(1)(2014·江苏改编)—What a mess! You are always so lazy!

—I'm not to blame, mum. I am ________ you have made me.

答案：what 本题考查表语从句。——这么乱！你总是这么懒！——妈妈，要怪也不应当怪我啊。我这么懒也是你娇惯出来的。言外之意是，“You made me what I am.”。

(2)(2014·四川改编)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That's ________ I was born.”

答案：where 此处考查的是名词性从句中的表语从句。句意：奶奶指着那个医院说：“那就是我出生的地方。”

(3)(2014·北京改编) The best moment for the football star was ________ he scored the winning goal. 答案：when 本题考查表语从句。句意：对于一个足球明星来说，进球得分的时刻是最好的时刻。

(4)(2014·陕西改编)________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.

答案：When 考查名词性从句。句意：延误了的航班何时起飞主要取决于天气。所填词引导主语从句，在从句中做时间状语，用when。

用合适的连接词填空

(1)It is by no means clear________ the president can do to end the strike.

(2)It doesn't matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.

(3)It suddenly occurred to him ________ he had left his keys in the office.

(4)I'd like to start my own business—that's________I'd do if I had the money.

(5)—The parents try to do everything for their son.

—That's________they are mistaken.

(6)She was ill. That's________she didn't come today.

答案：(1)what (2)whether (3)that (4)what (5)where (6)why

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