英语新视野单词造句

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．．spoil vt. 1．溺爱；宠坏Peters, unable for once to do exactly as he wanted, lost his temper just like a spoiled child. 彼德斯有一次未能如愿以偿就发脾气，像个被宠坏了的孩子。损坏；破坏The bad news has spoiled my day. 这条坏消息使我一整天没有过好。I haven't seen the film, so don't spoil it for me by telling me what happens. 我还没有看过这部电影，所以不要把内容告诉我，以免破坏我的兴致。vi.（食物）变质The cake will spoil if you don't keep it in the fridge. 如果你不把蛋糕放进冰箱，它就会变质。The dinner spoiled because he put the stove on too high. 这顿饭算是给毁了，因为他把烤炉的温度调得太高了。

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．．overnight ad. 1．.You'd better not leave your bike outside overnight. 你最好不要将你的自行车整夜停放在外面。2．.突然间；一下子He became ill overnight and had to see the doctor. 他突然间病倒了，只好去看医生。Yoga centers are spring up in the town overnight. 城里突然多了好多瑜伽健身中心。a.夜间的We're making an overnight stop in Paris on our way to the Dordogne. 去多道格尼的途中，我们将在巴黎停留一晚。After an overnight rain, the sky appeared clear and blue. 一夜雨之后天空变得晴朗蔚蓝。2．.突然间的The book was an overnight success. 这本书很快获得成功。It's said his father is an overnight millionaire. 据说他父亲是个暴发户。

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．．assign vt. 1．. give money, equipment, etc. to sb. to use给予；分配Though the room they assigned me was small, it was quiet and clean. 虽然他们分给我的房间很小，但房间很干净，也很安静。He was assigned a car for personal use. 他分配到一辆汽车，供他个人使用。2．. give sb. a particular job or make them responsible for sb. or sth. 分配，分派，指派（任务）Did you choose Russia or were you simply assigned there? 你是自己选择去俄罗斯的呢，还是被指派去的？They've assigned their best man to the job. 他们选派了最得力的人去担负这项工作。

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．．lavatory n.[C] a toilet厕所；盥洗室Is there a lavatory on this floor? 这一层是否有厕所？The lavatory is temporarily out of order. 厕所暂时坏了

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．．kit n. [C] a set of tools, equipment, etc. for a particular purpose一套工具a toilet or shaving kit盥洗用具I keep a repair kit in the back of my car. 我在汽车后面放了一套修理用具。

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．．closet n. [C] a cupboard built into the wall of a room壁橱The robbers threw me in a closet and tied me up. 强盗把我扔进壁橱，还把我捆了起来。Are all your cupboards and closets crammed full? 你所有的柜子和壁橱都塞满了吗？

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．．barely ad. only with great difficulty or effort; almost not勉强地；几乎不We barely had time to catch the train. 我们差点误了火车。She was barely15．．when she won her first championship. 她第一次获得冠军时才刚15．．岁。

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．．tendency n. [C] a strong chance that sth. will happen in a particular way趋向，倾向His tendency to speak loud is well known. 他喜欢大声嚷嚷是

出了名的。There is a tendency for job losses to rise in the winter in the States. 在美国，冬季失业率有上升的趋势。

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．．generosity n. [U] the quality of being generous慷慨；大度Her friends take advantage of her generosity, and stay in her house for months on end without paying her anything. 她的朋友们利用了她的慷慨，在她家里一连呆了好几个月，一分钱也不付。He has a nature of generosity. 他生性慷慨大方。

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．．．somewhat ad. to some degree稍微；有些I was somewhat surprised to see him. 见到他我有点吃惊。She's somewhat more confident than she used to be. 她似乎比过去更自信了

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．．．harmful a. causing or likely to cause harm有害的；造成损害的He didn't quit smoking although he was quite aware of its harmful effects. 尽管他很明白吸烟的害处，但他还是没有戒烟Pushing kids so hard from such an early age is likely to have some harmful results. 对小孩从这么小起就逼得这么紧会产生有害的结果

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．．．accommodation n. 1．. [sing., U] an agreement between people who have different views or opinions和解；调和The two sides failed to agree on every point but came to an accommodation. 双方未能在每一点上都取得一致意见，但达成了和解If labor and management don't reach an accommodation there will be a strike. 如果劳资双方不能达成妥协，就会发生罢工2．. [U](AmE ~s) a place for sb. to stay, live, or work住所；工作场所Can we find accommodations at the hotel for the night? 我们能在这家旅馆找到房间过夜吗？The society provides accommodations for the meeting. 协会为参加会议的人提供食宿

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．．．compensate v. give sb. sth. to remove the bad effect of sth. 补偿；弥补Nothing can compensate for the loss of one's health. 健康受损是无法弥补的The animal's good sense of smell compensates for its poor eyesight. 这种动物敏锐的嗅觉弥补了其视力上的缺陷

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．．．possession n. 1．. [C] sth. that one owns or has（个人）财物，财产The people had to gather up their few possessions and leave their homes. 人们只能收拾起少得可怜的财产，离开自己的家A small child clutched a satchel with both arms as though it were her most prized possession. 小孩紧抓住自己的书包，似乎那是她最宝贵的财产2．. [U] the state of having or holding sth. 拥有She was found in possession of dangerous drugs. 她被发现拥有危险的药物He came into possession of a large fortune. 他拥有了一大笔财产

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．．．infer vt. reach an opinion from facts推知；推断It is possible to infer two completely opposite conclusions from this set of facts. 从这组论据中能推断出两种完全相反的结论是可能的What do you infer from her refusing? 你从她的拒绝中推断出什么？

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．．．fluctuate vi. keep changing; become higher and lower irregularly波动；起伏The price fluctuates between $5．and $6．. 价格在五美元和六美元之间波动

Her wages fluctuate between￡150

．．．至

．．．a week. 她的周工资在150

．．．and￡200

200

．．．英镑之间浮动

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．．．generous a. willing to give money, spend time, etc. in order to help people慷慨的；大方的It was generous of you to share your food with me. 你真大方，把食物分给我吃She's very generous with her time—always ready to help other people. 她在时间上很慷慨──总是乐于助人

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．．．ungenerous/ a. not generous不慷慨的；不大方的It is ungenerous of you to refuse his request. 你拒绝他的请求，这样做并不大方In not giving money to the poor, he showed how ungenerous he could be. 他不愿给穷人钱，让自己显得很不慷慨

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．．．resentment n. [U] anger and dislike; feeling of resenting sth. 愤恨；憎恶Bitterness, anger and resentment can act as emotional cancers, eating us up inside. 怨恨、愤怒和不满可能成为情感的癌症，啃啮着我们的内心There was resentment at the lack of industrial development in the city and its surrounding areas. 人们对本城和周围地区的工业发展不力有一种不满情绪

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．．．variable a. likely to change易变的；多变的His attitude is variable. 他的态度变化无常British weather is perhaps at its most variable in the spring. 英国春天的天气也许是最反复无常的n. [C] sth. that can change and affect the result of a situation可变因素With so many variables, the exact cost is difficult to estimate. 由于有这么多可变因素，很难算出准确的成本Temperature is a variable in the experiment. 在实验中，温度是一个变量

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．．．variability n. [U] the quality of being variable可变性Her husband did what he could but was still never ready for the variability of her temper. 她丈夫尽其所能，但对她情绪的多变仍感到无所适从You should get prepared for the variability of the weather in that area. 你对那个地区多变的天气要有所准备

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．．．loosen v. become or make loose or looser（使）放松；（使）松Can you loosen the lid of this bottle? 你能把这个瓶子的盖子打开吗？He held my hand very tightly at first but gradually his hold loosened. 开始时他紧紧握住我的手，后来渐渐松开了

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．．．sour v. 1．. make or become unfriendly or unfavorable（使）变坏；（使）恶化Relations between the two governments were soured by boundary fighting. 两国间的关系由于边境冲突而恶化Many friendships have soured over borrowed money. 许多人之间的友谊都是因为借钱的纠纷而恶化的2．. make have or have an unpleasant taste or smell（使）变酸；（使）变馊The hot weather soured the milk. 炎热的天气使牛奶变酸了The cream sours in hot weather. 奶油在热天会变酸a. having an unpleasant taste or smell酸的；馊的His shoes have a sour smell. 他的鞋有一股酸臭味儿Food can easily go sour in warm weather. 天热时食物很容易变馊

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．．．parental a. relating to being a parent父母的；家长的parental rights and responsibilities父母的权利和义务

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．．．greedy a. 1．. filled with desire for sth. 贪婪的；贪心的Greedy for power, the general plotted a plan to knock down the government. 因为权欲作祟，将军密谋推翻政府Not everybody is simply greedy for power. 并非人人都是贪恋权

势的2．. having strong desire for food贪吃的We ate a lot as children but I don't think we were ever greedy. 我们童年时确实很能吃，但我认为我们从不贪吃

You mean you've eaten all three pieces of cake? You greedy pig! 你是说你把三块蛋糕全吃完了？你真是头贪吃的猪！

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．．．selfish a. caring only about oneself and not about other people自私的He's too selfish to think of lending me his car. 他太自私了，不会愿意把汽车借给我的I know it sounds selfish, but what I'm really worried about is what will happen to me. 我知道这听上去有点自私，可我真正关心的是我会碰上什么事

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．．．sensitive a. 1．. able to understand other people's feelings and problems理解别人的When I need advice, he is a helpful and sensitive friend. 当我需要有人给我出主意时，他就是一个能帮得上忙还善解人意的朋友We are sensitive to the needs and expectations of our customers. 我们理解顾客的需要和期望2．. reacting quickly to sth. 敏感的；灵敏的Some people's teeth are highly sensitive to cold. 有些人的牙齿对冷非常敏感Photographic paper is highly sensitive to light. 感光纸对光线非常敏感3．. likely to become angry or upset easily容易生气的；神经过敏的He's very sensitive about being small, so don't mention it. 他对自己个头小很敏感，因此不要提及那一点Her reply showed that she was very sensitive to criticism. 她的回答表明她对批评很敏感

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．．．insensitive a. not aware of or not showing sympathy for other people's feelings麻木不仁的；缺乏同情心的I've never known anyone as insensitive as Gina. 我从未见过像吉娜那样麻木不仁的人The police have been criticized for being insensitive to complaints from the public. 警方因漠视公众的意见而受到批评

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．．．undermine vt. gradually make sb. or sth. less strong or effective逐渐削弱；破坏The killings had undermined hopes for a peaceful solution. 这些杀戮使和平解决的希望变得渺茫起来Every mistake that she makes further undermines her authority. 她犯的每一个错误都进一步降低了她的威望

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．．．limited a. not very great in amount, number, ability, etc. 有限的His intelligence is rather limited. 他的智力相当低下There was a very limited choice of sofas in the style that we wanted. 我们要的那种沙发样式可选择的范围非常有限

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．．．unlimiteda. not limited无限的He's dreaming of an unlimited supply of money all day long. 他成天梦想着拥有用之不竭的钱财Inter-Rail passes are available for one month's unlimited travel within Europe. 欧洲无限制旅行一个月的列车通票有售

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．．．contradiction n. [C, U] a statement, action, or fact that is opposite in nature or in character to another one矛盾；不一致You say that you're good friends and yet you don't trust him. Isn't that a bit of a contradiction? 你说你们是好朋友，可你又不信任他，这不是有点矛盾吗？I found no contradiction between his publicly expressed opinions and his private actions. 我看不出他公开发表的观点和他私下的行动之间有什么不一致

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．．．conversely ad. taking the opposite point of view相反（地）Running can

strengthen your heart and muscles, but conversely, it can also damage

your knees and the bones in your feet. 跑步能增强你的心脏和肌肉功能，但反过来也可能损伤你的膝盖和脚部骨骼You can add the liquid to the powder or, conversely, the powder to the liquid.你可以将液体倒入粉末里，或者反过来，将粉末倒入液体里

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．．．limitation n. 1．. [C] a rule or situation that puts a limit on sth. 限制set limitations on reporting对报告内容加以限制Aren't there any limitations on his spending money? 他花钱有没有限制？2．. [C] qualities that make sb. or sth. less effective局限；缺陷She has her limitations as a singer. 作为歌手，她有自身的局限Despite the limitations of the survey, it did suggest some general trends. 尽管这一调查有缺陷，它还是指出了一些趋势

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．．．submit v. obey sb., esp. when one has no choice屈从；服从She decided to submit to the new rules. 她决定接受新的规则We protested about the changes for a long time, but in the end we had to submit. 我们对这种改变抗议了很长一段时间，但最终还是不得不屈服vt. formally give sth. to sb. so that they can make a decision about it提交；递交；呈送You must submit your application before January1．. 你必须在1．月1．日之前提交申请书I was required to submit an essay to my teacher this May. 我需要在五月份交一篇文章给老师

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．．．uncover vt. 1．. find out about sth. that has been kept secret揭露；揭开A plot was uncovered against the President. 谋害总统的阴谋败露了In her novel on Taylor, she tries to uncover the inner man. 在那本关于泰勒的小说中，她试图揭示出他的内心世界2．. remove the cover from sth. 揭开...的盖子He pulled back the sheet, to uncover a beautiful18．．th century armchair. 他揭开盖布，露出一把美丽的18．．世纪的扶手椅Removing the earth, she uncovered gold in her garden. 挖开泥土后，她在花园里发现了金子

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．．．respond vi. react to sth. 反应；回应The waitress waited a moment and then responded. 那个女服务员等了一会，然后才有回应The children responded well to the day's activities. 孩子们对当天的活动反应不错

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．．．prompt a. done or acting without delay迅速的；即时的Try to be prompt because we'll be very short of time. 尽量快点, 因为我们时间很紧They've written back already. That was a very prompt reply. 他们已经写了回信了；那可是相当迅速的答复vt. cause or encourage sb. to do sth. 促使；推动What prompted him to be so generous? 是什么使他变得这样慷慨？Seeing the children in the park prompted thoughts of his own sons on the other side of the Atlantic. 公园里的孩子们激起了他对远在大西洋彼岸的儿子的思念之情

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．．．definite a. 1．. clear明确的；无疑的I have no definite plans for tomorrow. 明天我没有确定的计划I want a definite answer, "yes" or"no". 我需要明确答复：“是”或“不是”2．. sure; certain一定的；肯定的He seemed definite about what had happened. 他似乎对发生的情况了如指掌There's a definite smell of gas. Did you turn the oven off? 肯定有股煤气的味道，你把炉子关上了吗？

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．．．manner n. [sing.] the way in which sth. is done or happens方式；方法It

was the manner of her death that shocked the public's mind. 她的死亡方式令人们感到震惊She stared at me in a criticizing manner. 她以责备的目光看着我

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．．．bound a. likely; almost certainly一定的；几乎肯定的The weather is bound to get better tomorrow. 明天天气一定会好起来He's bound to fail the exam if he doesn't work hard. 如果他不努力，考试注定会不及格

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．．．satisfied a. pleased; contented感到满意的A good travel agent knows that a satisfied customer will always come back. 好的旅行社知道顾客满意了就会再来I'm quite satisfied with the way my hair was cut. 我对自己的发型很满意

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．．．gradual a. happening slowly over a long period of time逐步的，逐渐的There has been a gradual rise in our sales over the last two years. 过去两年里我们的销售额在逐步增加As you go further south, you will notice a gradual change of climate. 继续向南走，你会发现气候在逐渐变化

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．．．improvement n. [C, U] the state of being better than before改进；改善；提高This year's car is an improvement on last year's model. 今年的汽车是去年的改进型He's been having treatment for two months now without any improvement. 他接受治疗已有两个月了，但仍毫无起色

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．．slip n. [C] a small mistake过失；小错；疏忽There were a few slips in the translation. 翻译中有几个小错误A slip of tongue made me say Robert instead of Richard. 由于口误，我把理查德说成了罗伯特vi. 1．. lose one's balance and fall滑倒；失足She slipped and broke her leg. 她滑倒时跌断了腿Careful you don't slip—there's water on the floor. 小心别滑倒了，地板上有水2．. go somewhere quietly and quickly in order not to be noticed溜走Just slip out of the room while nobody's looking. 趁没人看着，溜出房去I'm just going to slip to the shops before lunch. 我只是打算在午饭前偷偷去趟商店

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．．．nag v. keep complaining唠叨；不停抱怨He nagged at her all day long. 他整天指责她My mum's always nagging me to have my hair cut. 我妈妈总唠叨着要我去理发

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．．．make a point state a point; make one's opinions known提出论点He's just made an interesting point. 他刚刚提出了一个有趣的论点You made an original point in your speech. 你在发言中提出了一个新颖的观点

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．．．take... for granted see sth. as natural and certain; treat sb. with too little attention or concern视...为理所当然I take it for granted you have read this book. 我以为你肯定读过这本书For all these years, I have taken him for granted, and paid little attention to his feelings. 这些年来，我一直忽视了他，几乎没有在意他的感受

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．．．hold down succeed in keeping a job for some time保住（工作）He couldn't hold down a job after his psychological illness. 他患了心理疾病以后就无法保住工作了He's never been able to hold down a steady job. 他从未能保住一份稳定的工作

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．．．pine for be unhappy because you want sth. you don't have为（不能得到某物）而伤心She pined for some change in her life. 他为生活缺少变化而悲痛Diana has pined for a piano for a long time, but she still cannot afford it. 很久以来戴安娜就盼望着有台钢琴，但她到现在还是买不起

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．．>．make fun of make jokes about sb. or sth. in an unkind way嘲笑；取笑It's cruel to make fun of people who are deaf. 嘲笑耳聋的人是不人道的You are always making fun of me! 你总是取笑我！

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．．．stand up to react in a particular way to severe conditions or treatment经得起；经得住Will the lorries stand up to the journey over rough roads? 货车能经得起这一路上的颠簸吗？Their views won't stand up to detailed criticism. 他们的观点经不起仔细推敲

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．．．give in yield; give way屈服；让步The authorities showed no signs of giving in to the demands. 当局对民众的要求毫无妥协的迹象The exchange of views went on for hours as neither side would give in. 争辩延续了几个小时，因为任何一方都不肯让步

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．．．to some degree partly在某种程度上I agree with you to some degree. 我在某种程度上同意你的意见There's truth in what she said to some degree. 在某种程度上她说的话有道理

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．．．on demand whenever asked for一经要求She's in favor of help on demand. 她赞成对有要求的人及时提供帮助Babies should be fed on demand. 婴儿有需要时应该立即喂食

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．．．turn over a new leaf change one's life by starting to be a better person 悔过自新；洗心革面She decided to turn over a new leaf and give up smoking. 她决定改掉旧习惯，把烟戒掉After released from prison, he was determined to turn over a new leaf. 出狱后，他决心洗心革面，重新做人

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．．．in the end at last; finally最后；终于He tried many different jobs; in the end he became a postman. 他试过许多不同的工作，最后当了邮递员We were thinking about going to Switzerland, but in the end we went to Austria. 我们原打算去瑞士，但最终去了奥地利

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．．elegant a. beautiful, attractive, or graceful优雅的；文雅的elegant manners文雅的举止an elegant person举止优雅的人

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．．application n. 1．. [C, U] a formal request for sth. or for permission to do sth. 申请Free information will be sent out on application to the office. 公司收到申请将免费提供信息I've sent off applications for four different jobs. 我对四份不同的工作寄出了求职信2．. [C, U] the use of a particular method, law,

process, etc. 应用；使用；运用The theory has no application in this case. 这理论不适用于这个情况The design has many applications. 这项设计有很多用途

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．．impulsively ad. without thinking about the possible results of what one is doing冲动地These children tend to behave impulsively. 这些孩子的行为往往很冲动His early training was in the sciences and he never acts

impulsively in his work. 他早期受过理科方面的训练，因此在工作中他从不冲动

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．．substitute vt. use sth. new or different instead of sth. else代替；替换We must substitute a new chair for the broken one. 我们得用新椅子代替这把破椅子Honey can be substituted for sugar in this recipe. 在这种烹饪法里蜂蜜能代替糖n. [C] a person or thing that replaces sb. or sth. else代替者；替代物The manager was unable to attend but sent his secretary as a substitute. 经理不能出席，但派了他的秘书代替他出席The teacher's ill, so a substitute is teaching today. 老师生病了，因此今天由一位代课老师来上课

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．．professional a. relating to a job that needs special education and training职业的；专业的A lawyer or a doctor is a professional man. 律师或医生是专业人员Sometimes an amateur can perform as well or better than a professional. 有时候业余人员的表现与专业人员的同样好，甚至比专业人员的更好n.

[C] sb. who has special skills or does sth. as a job rather than for enjoyment专业人员She's a real professional in this field. 她是该领域真正的内行This house was decorated by a professional. 这房子是由专业人员装饰的

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．．talent n. 1．. [C, U] a natural ability to do sth. well天才；天赋Her talents are well known. 她的才华是众所周知的Her talent for music showed at an early age. 她小时侯就表现出了音乐方面的天赋2．. [U] a person or people with a natural ability or skill天才；人才We're always looking for new talent. 我们总是在寻觅新的人才Promising talent is hard to find. 很难找到有发展前途的人才

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．．bible n. (the B~) 《圣经》In the Bible it says that Adam and Eve were the first human beings. 圣经上说，亚当和夏娃是人类的始祖He studies the Bible every day. 他每天都在研习《圣经》

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．．definition n. [C] an exact statement of the meaning of sth. 定义；释义Your definition of "ideal husband" is much different from mine. 你对“理想丈夫”的定义同我的定义大相径庭In this dictionary, definitions have been written using words from a specially chosen list. 这本字典释义所用的单词都是经过特别挑选的

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．．characteristic a. (of) typical of a particular thing or of sb.'s character特有的；典型的Such honesty is characteristic of him. 他一向如此诚实With the friendly and generous care so characteristic of these people, they opened their house to over fifty guests. 这些人本性乐善好施，他们在家里接待了五十多个客人n. [C] a quality or feature of sb. or sth. that is typical of them 特点，特征Genes determine the characteristics of every living thing. 基因决定了每种生物的特征What characteristics separate Americans from Canadians? 美国人和加拿大人的性格特点有什么不同？

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．．．descriptivea. giving a description of sth. 描写的；描述的He teaches descriptive linguistics at a university. 他在大学教描写语言学a descriptive passage in a novel小说里的一段描写

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．．．approval n. 1．. [U] the fact of believing sth. is good or right赞成；同意Do the plans meet with your approval? 你赞成这些计划吗？Sam always tried

hard to win his father's approval. 萨姆总是想尽办法去获得父亲的同意2．. [U] official permission批准；认可The president's approval of the deal was vital. 总统的批准对这份协议是至关重要的I need the approval of the government to travel abroad. 我需要获得政府的批准才能去国外旅行

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．．．disapproval/ n. [U] a feeling of not approving of sb. or sth. 反对；不赞成Although they said nothing, she could sense their disapproval. 虽然他们没说什么，她能感觉到他们并不赞同He expressed his disapproval of what they had done. 他表示自己并不赞同他们的所作所为

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．．．reserve n. 1．. [U] the quality of self-control or restraint克制，拘谨He was a man of such reserve that not even his closest friends really understood him. 他是一个很克制的人，甚至他最亲密的朋友都难以真正理解他A few drinks broke through his reserve. 几杯酒下肚他就放开了2．. [C] (usu. pl.) sth. kept or saved for later use储备物the gold reserve黄金储备I have a reserve of food in case of emergency. 我储备了些粮食，以防万一vt. 1．. keep sth. for a particular purpose保留；储备I reserve Mondays for cleaning up my desk and answering letters. 我留出周一来清理书桌，答复信件Reserve your strength for the climb. 留点力气爬山吧2．. arrange for a place in a hotel, restaurant, plane, etc. to be kept for sb. to use later预定I rang the hotel to reserve a double room for a week. 我打电话给旅馆，预定一间双人房，为期一周If you get there early, please reserve a seat for me. 如果你先到，请给我预定一个座位

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．．．plainness/ n. [U] lacking beauty or attractiveness不好看；平常the obvious plainness of the young lady相貌平平的年轻女子The plainness of these houses discourages many prospective buyers. 这些房子很难看，使许多潜在的买主望而却步

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．．．convey vt. communicate or express sth., with or without using words 传达；表达The manufacturer has used posters and produced a video to convey the message to prospective buyers. 为了把信息传达给潜在的顾客，制造商张贴出广告，并制作了一盘录像His music conveys a sense of optimism. 他的音乐表达出一种乐观情绪

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．．．specific a. 1．. particular特有的；特定的The money is to be used for a specific purpose: the building of the new theatre. 这笔款将专款专用：兴建新剧院They seem to have no specific plans for dealing with the problem. 他们似乎没有特别的计划来处理这问题2．. detailed and exact具体的；明确的I asked you a specific question. Please give me a specific answer. 我问你一个具体问题，请给我明确的回答Are you doing anything specific this weekend? 这个周末你有什么具体的事情要做？

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．．．latter a. being the second of two people or things（两者中）后者的There are plastic and wooden garden chairs but the latter ones are more expensive. 花园椅有塑料和木制的两种，不过后者贵些Of ham and beef, I like the latter meat better. 在火腿和牛肉两者之间，我更喜欢后者n. (the ~) the second of two people or things just mentioned（两者中的）后者We have to make the

kitchen and the hall more attractive. I'd rather do the latter first. 我们得把厨房和客厅装饰得更漂亮些──我情愿先装饰客厅Many support the former plan,

but personally I'm for the latter. 许多人支持前面那个计划，但我个人赞同后者18>

．．．qualify v. (make) have the necessary skills, knowledge, ability, etc. to do sth. （使）有资格；取得资格I won't qualify until next year. 我要到明年才够格Being a single parent qualifies you for extra benefits. 作为一个单身父(母) 亲，你有权获得额外的福利金

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．．．critic n. [C] sb. whose job is to judge the good and bad qualities of literary or artistic works评论家；批评家She's a film critic for

the Irish Times她是《爱尔兰时报》的一名电影评论家He is a renowned literary critic. 他是著名的文学评论家

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．．．prominent a. well-known and important重要的；知名的a prominent magazine著名杂志The government should be playing a more prominent role in improving public traffic. 政府应该在改善公共交通方面发挥更大的作用

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．．．by-line n. [C] a line at the beginning of an article that gives the writer's name作者署名处The essays published in this section usually carry no by-lines. 发表在这个专栏里的文章通常不署名She is a financial journalist with her own by-line. 她是金融记者，写文章都署名

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．．．refine vt. 1．. make sb. become more elegant使变得文雅Delia has been refined. You can't imagine she is now an elegant lady. 德丽娅变文雅了你想象不到她现在已是一位优雅的女士了refine one's language使某人的语言更为文雅2．. make a substance pure提炼；精炼refining processes精炼过程Oil is industrially refined. 燃油是经过工业提炼的

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．．．refined/ a. polite and seeming to be well-educated or to belong to a high social class有教养的；高雅的She is a woman of refined manners. 她举止文雅She is so refined that she never loses her temper in public. 她非常有教养，从不在公共场合发脾气

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．．．attractive a. pleasing to the eye or mind动人的；有吸引力的She's so attractive, but I'd never dare ask her out. 她非常美丽动人，但我始终没有勇气邀她出去The pay they're offering is very attractive, but I still don't want the job. 他们给的薪水很有吸引力，但我还是不想要这份工作

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．．．impressive a. having a strong effect on sb. 使人印象深刻的There are some very impressive buildings in the town. 城里一些建筑物给人留下非常深刻的印象His speech is the most impressive. 他的演讲最感人

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．．．stereotype vt. have fixed unfair ideas about sb. or sth. 对...有成见；把...模式化The study says that British advertisements stereotype women. 该项研究说，英国的广告对妇女抱有成见The police have been criticized for having stereotyped images of black people. 有人批评警方对黑人有成见n. [C] a belief or idea of what a particular type of person or thing is like模式化的思想He doesn't fit the national stereotype of a Frenchman. 他与法国人的固有形象大相径庭The characters in the book are just stereotypes. 这书中的角色都很老套

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．．．extent n. [sing., U] the degree to which sth. happens程度To some

extent you are correct. 在某种程度上你是对的To what extent can he be

believed? 他有多可信？

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．．．confess v. 1．. admit sth. that one is embarrassed about承认I'm rather bored, I must confess. 我不得不承认我有点厌烦了I'm afraid that I've got something to confess: I've broken your vase. 恐怕有件事我得告诉你──我打破了你的花瓶2．. admit, esp. to the police, that one has done sth. wrong or illegal供认；招供Eventually she confessed to the police. 最后她终于向警方认罪After hours of interrogation, he confessed everything. 经过数小时的审问，他全部招供了

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．．．carpenter n. [C] sb. whose job is making and repairing wooden objects 木匠，木工We've found a good carpenter to build some bookcases for us. 他们找了个好木匠为我们做一些书橱

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．．．physicist n. [C] a scientist trained in physics物理学家Two American physicists were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics this year. 两位美国物理学家获得今年的诺贝尔物理奖She's one of the few women physicists in the country. 她是国内仅有的几名女物理学家之一

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．．．Pope n. [C] ( the ~) 教皇Pope John Paul II教皇约翰·保罗二世

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．．．nursery n. [C] a place where children are cared for while their parents are at work托儿所Their two children have been going to a nursery since they were small babies. 他们的两个孩子从婴儿时起就一直上托儿所It was a room that might, in time, become a nursery. 这个房间到时候可以用做托儿室

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．．．nursery school n. [C] a school for children between the ages of three and five幼儿园Christine has been a nursery school teacher for27．．years. 克里斯汀当幼儿园老师已经有27．．年了Her son attends a nursery school in the church. 她儿子在教会办的一家幼儿园里上学

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．．．thoughtful a. 1．. engaged in thought深思的；思考的The doctor gave a thoughtful look and then started to write something on the paper. 医生若有所思地看了一眼，开始在纸上写了起来When Beth is writing a letter, she looks thoughtful. 当贝思写信时，她看上去像在沉思2．. showing care for the need of others体贴的；考虑周到的She's a very thoughtful person. 她是个很体贴别人的人Thank you for phoning to see if I was feeling better—it was very thoughtful of you. 谢谢你打电话问我是否觉得好点了──你真关心人

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．．．creature n. [C] a living thing or being, esp. a person or an animal生物；人John is a strange creature. 约翰是个怪人We could see amazing creatures through the glass in the bottom of the boat. 透过船底的玻璃我们可以看到一些惊人的生物

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．．．award vt. give sb. sth. as a reward for what they have done授予；给予

The university has awarded Jane $500

．．．美元旅行补助

．．．for travel. 学校给予简500

She was awarded a medal for bravery. 她因勇敢而被授予一枚奖章n. [C] sth. given to sb. as a reward for sth. they have done奖金；奖品an award

ceremony颁奖仪式They gave an award of $900

．．．to each of the winners. 他

们给予每位获胜者900

．．．美元作奖励

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．．．Dr. abbr. (doctor的缩略词) 博士；医生Dr. Li is a professor of mathematics at a Korean university. 李博士是韩国一所大学的数学教授Dr. Wang works in this hospital. 王医生在这所医院工作

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．．．objective a. based on facts, or making a decision that is based on facts客观的How can you make an objective decision if she's your own daughter? 如果她是你女儿，你怎么可能做出客观的决定呢？It is an objective report. 这是一篇客观的报道n. [C] what one tries hard to do or achieve目标Her main objective now is to become an internationally famous scientist. 她现在的主要目标是成为国际知名的科学家I don't know what his objectives were in making such a criticism? 我不知道他这样指责的目的是什么？

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．．．objectively ad. based on facts客观地Are the laws of physics objectively true? 物理定律在客观上都正确吗？Judges are supposed to judge each case objectively. 法官应公正处理每一个案子

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．．．appealing a. attractive; inviting吸引人的；悦人的The idea of a whole week on the beach is very appealing. 在海边度假一周，这个主意挺吸引人的Having someone to do all my cleaning for me was an appealing prospect. 有人帮我做清洁，这想法挺诱人的

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．．．popularity n. [U] the state of being liked or supported by a lot of people受欢迎；流行Prolonged recession and high unemployment knocked his popularity down to rock-bottom. 经济长期衰退，失业率也很高，这些使他的受欢迎程度降到了最低Margaret has profited from her own popularity among her film fans. 玛格丽特因深受影迷欢迎而获利

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．．．despair vi. feel that there is no hope at all失望；绝望We've despaired of him; he can't keep a job for more than six months. 我们对他非常失望，没有哪个工作他能干半年以上Don't despair! We'll find a way out! 不要绝望！我们会找到解决办法的！n. [U] a feeling that one has no hope at all失望；绝望He gave up the struggle in despair. 他绝望地放弃了斗争To the despair of her teachers, Nicole never does the work that she's told him to do. 尼科尔从来不做布置给他的作业，令老师们感到很失望

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．．．label n. 1．. [C] a word or phrase describing sb. or sth. 称号；绰号A critic called her first novel "super-romantic" and the label has stuck. 一位评论家称她的第一部小说为“超级浪漫小说”，于是这雅号就传下来了"Middle-class" is the label generally applied to this magazine. 人们一般用“中产阶级”这个词来形容这本杂志2．. [C] a piece of paper or another material that is attached to sth. and gives information about it标签I read the information on the label before deciding which to buy. 我先看标签上的说明，然后再决定买哪一种Remember to put some address labels on the suitcases. 记住在衣箱上贴几张地址标签vt. 1．. use a word or phrase to describe sb. or sth. 把...归类；描述His work is difficult to label precisely. 他的工作难以准确描述We shouldn't label these boys as criminals so early in their lives. 我们不应该把这些男孩子早早地归为罪犯，他们的人生道路还长着呢2．. put a label on an object给...加标签He was

busy labeling all the bottles of wine that he'd made that year. 他忙着往所有装那一年酿的酒的瓶子上贴标签This jam is labeled "apple and banana". 这瓶果酱上贴着“苹果和香蕉”的标签

TIT LE>

．．．Phrases and Expressions

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．．．fill out write necessary information on an official document, form, etc. 填写All the applicants for the job must fill out this form. 所有申请这一工作的人都要填写这张表Please fill out your check and sign it. 请填写你的支票并在上面签字

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．．．if only used for saying that sth. is good only for a limited purpose or time就算...都行；哪怕...也好Just call her, if only to say that you are sorry. 给她打电话吧，哪怕就告诉她你感到很抱歉也好啊

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．．．for better or (for) worse whether the result is good or bad无论好坏；不管怎样It's been done, and for better or worse, we can't change it now. 木已成舟，好也罢，坏也罢，我们现在已无法改变I decided to follow her advice, for better or worse. 不管怎样我都决定采纳她的意见

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．．．even so in spite of this即使如此；尽管这样There are many spelling mistakes; even so it's quite a good essay. 虽然有很多拼写错误，但这仍不失为一篇相当不错的文章I had a terrible headache, but even so I went to the concert. 我头痛得厉害，但我还是去了音乐会

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．．．turn down refuse to accept an offer or request拒绝He tried to join the army but was turned down because of poor health. 他想参军，但因身体不好被拒绝了Why was I turned down for the job? Is it because I'm a woman? 为什么不让我做那项工作？因为我是一个女人吗？

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．．．come up to move toward sb. 走近，靠近A man came up to me and asked for a match. 一名男子走到我跟前向我借火柴She came up to me and laughed. 她朝我走来，哈哈大笑

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．．．press for try in a determined way to get sth. 催促；竭力争取The chairman is pressing for improved working conditions. 主席一再要求改善工作条件Many parents have been pressing for the local school to be reopened. 许多家长一直迫切要求重开当地那所学校

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．．．ill at ease uncomfortable; not relaxed不自在Pat was ill at ease with his family, wondering whether or not to announce his news. 帕特和家人在一起很不自在，不知是否要宣布他的事She was ill at ease when she was criticized by her mother. 母亲批评她的时候，她觉得非常难堪

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．．．free from not containing or involving sth. unpleasant无...的；不涉及...的Is the President free from prejudice? 总统不会有偏见吧？Make sure the wound is free from dirt. 保证伤口不沾上污物

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．．．take charge of take control and become responsible for sb. or sth. 负责；管理The department was badly organized until she took charge of it. 在她负责以前，这个部门的管理是一团糟The boss asked him to take charge of the office for a few days while she was away. 老板让他在她离开时掌管办公室几天

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．．．be stuck with be forced to have or use sth. 被迫拥有或使用We were stuck with relatives who came to stay with us the whole holiday. 亲戚来我们家了，我们整个暑假都得和他们呆在一起The landlady didn't allow us to make

any change to her house, so we were stuck with the tasteless decoration. 房东不让我们随意更改房子的任何一处，因此我们不得不忍受这没品味的装修了

MUS IC>

．．．sound/unit06．．_newwords_b.mp3．

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．．sociology n. [U] scientific study of society社会学a sociology course社会学课程She has a degree in sociology and political science. 她拥有社会学

和政治学的学位。．2>

．．sociological/ a. of sociology社会学的a sociological theory社会学理论conduct sociological research进行社会学研究

3>

．．validate vt. prove that sth. is true or correct证实Mr. Brown tried to validate his criticisms. 布郎先生试图证明他的批评是有道理的。Can you validate your views against economic growth? 你能证明你反对经济增长的观点吗？

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．．virtually ad. almost实际上；差不多It used to be virtually impossible to find restaurants outside the cities, but it's much easier now. 过去在城外几乎找不到餐馆，不过现在容易多了。On the label, the milk is described as "virtually fat-free". 这牛奶的标签上写着“基本不含脂肪”的字样。

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．．slightly/ ad. a little; somewhat稍微；轻微Her car is a slightly different color. 她的汽车颜色稍微有点不同。The temperature had risen slightly, but it was still very cold. 气温略有上升，但仍很冷。

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．．inappropriate/ a. not suitable不合适的；不恰当的Such language would be quite inappropriate for this occasion. 这类语言对这个场合来说很不恰当。If such discriminations are appropriate for birds, why should they be inappropriate in the case of men? 如果这些区别适用于鸟类的话，那么对人类来说为什么就不合适了呢？

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．．tidy a. neatly arranged with everything in the right place整洁的；整齐的a tidy person穿着整洁的人She keeps her house very tidy. 她把屋子收拾得非常整洁。

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．．untidy/ a. not tidy; in a mess不整洁的；凌乱的an untidy desk乱糟糟的书桌He's an untidy worker; he leaves his tools everywhere. 他是个邋遢工人，工具放得到处都是。

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．．wrinkle v. (cause to) form small lines or folds（使）起皱纹；（使）起褶皱The apples are beginning to wrinkle. 这些苹果开始起皱了。Too much sunshine will wrinkle your skin. 过多阳光会使你的皮肤起皱纹。n. [C] a small line on one's face and skin皱纹She's beginning to get wrinkles around her eyes. 她眼部周围开始有皱纹了。There are some wrinkles in the back of your skirt where you've been sitting down. 你裙子后面坐着的地方有些褶皱。

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．．．wrinkled/ a. having small lines or folds有皱纹的；皱巴巴的a wrinkled face满是皱纹的脸His suit was wrinkled and he looked very tired. 他衣服皱巴巴的，人也显得很疲倦。

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．．．pants n. (pl.) trousers裤子sweat pants

主美

．．>．(尤指运动员运动前后保暖穿的)宽松长运动裤These pants look good, but they are expensive. 这种裤子很漂亮，但价钱很贵。

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．．．conceal vt. hide sth. carefully隐藏；隐瞒He tried to conceal his heavy drinking from his family. 他竭力向家人隐瞒他酗酒的恶习。I tried to conceal my surprise when she said she was only22．．. 当她说她只有22．．岁时，我尽力掩饰自己的惊讶。

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．．．unfashionable/ a. not in fashion or the current style不时髦的；不流行的These ideas became unfashionable after the collapse of the Berlin Wall. 这些观念在柏林墙倒塌后就不流行了。Production stopped in the80．．s when these products became unfashionable. 这些产品落伍了，80．．年代就停止生产了。

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．．．sunshade/ n. [C] sth. used as a protection from the sun's rays遮阳物She wears glasses with sunshades in hot summer. 她夏天用遮阳镜片。She stayed under the sunshade when others were swimming in the sea. 别人在大海里游泳，而她呆在遮阳伞下面。

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．．．clip vt. 1．. hold sth. together with some device别在...上；夹住Do you clip those earrings on? 你的耳环是夹上去的吗？When you've finished your work, clip them together and hand them in to me. 完工之后，把它们别在一起交给我。2．. cut parts of sth. to make it tidy修剪The children were amazed to see the sheep being clipped. 剪羊毛时，孩子们好奇地看着。You need to clip your nails. 你该修剪指甲了。n. [C] a small object used for tying things together or holding them in position夹子；别针a hair clip发夹The paper was tied together with a plastic clip. 纸张是用一个塑料夹子夹在一起的。

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．．．poverty n. [U] the state of being poor贫穷；贫困She had been worn down by poverty and illness. 贫病交加，她被折磨倒了。Two million people in the city live in poverty. 城里有两百万人生活在贫困中。

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．．．mild a. 1．. slight in degree轻微的；不严重的She's only got a mild fever. 她只是轻微发烧She can't accept even mild criticism of her work. 她甚至不能接受对她工作一点点的批评。2．. gentle温和的；和善的He's the mildest man you could wish to meet. 他是你能见到的最和善的人。He gave a mild answer, in spite of his anger. 尽管十分恼火，他还是态度温和地回答了。

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．．．mildly/ ad. in a slight or gentle way轻微地；温和地She seemed mildly disappointed when I didn't buy any perfume. 我没买香水，她似乎微微有点失望。She spoke mildly to us. 她对我们说话很温和。

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．．．emotional a. 1．. relating to feelings情感的；情绪的emotional problems 情绪问题My doctor said the problem was more emotional than physical. 我的医生说问题不是出在身体上而是在情绪上。2．. causing or showing strong feelings引发（或表现）强烈情感的The president has made an emotional speech for the killing to stop. 总统发表了感人的演说，呼吁停止屠杀。That music's so emotional; it always brings tears to my eyes. 那音乐如此让人动

情；它总让我落泪。

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．．．dramatics/ n. (pl.) behavior that shows too much unnecessary emotion夸张做作的行为George's dramatics began to irritate me. 乔治的夸张做作的行为开始让我生气。His friends were tired of all his phony dramatics. 他的朋友厌烦了他虚伪的做作。

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．．．park v. put a car or other vehicle in a particular place for a period of time停放（车辆）You can't park here. 这儿不能停车。A red van was parked in front of the house. 屋子前停了一辆红色的货车。

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．．．bargain n. 1．. [C] sth. bought at a price lower than usual便宜货；廉价品a bargain hunter搜购廉价商品的人The carpet is a bargain at50．．dollars. 地毯50．．美元一条，够便宜的。2．. [C] an agreement to do sth. in return for sth. else协议；交易The two parties made a bargain to cease fire. 双方达成了停火协议。The two businessmen struck a bargain with each other. 两个生意人做成了一笔交易。vi. talk about the conditions of a sale, agreement or contract讨价还价；谈判bargain over the terms of a lease就租约的条款进行谈判bargain with a sales rep for a used car与销售代表就一辆旧车讨价还价

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．．．charity n. 1．. [C] an organization for helping people who are poor, sick, etc. 慈善机构Money from the sale of these cards will go to local charities. 卖这些贺卡所得的钱将捐献给地方慈善组织。Many charities sent money to help the victims of the flood. 许多慈善机构寄款救济遭受水灾的人们。2．. [U] money or gifts given to help people who are poor, sick, etc. 施舍物；救济金The old man was too proud to accept what he regarded as charity. 那个老人太要强了，不肯接受他所认为的施舍。They live on charity. 他们靠救济过日子。

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．．．exclusive a. 1．. expensive and not many people can afford to use or buy 奢华的；高级的an exclusive restaurant高级饭店The tennis club has an exclusive membership. 这家网球俱乐部的成员都是些有钱人。2．. not shared with others专用的；独享的This room is for the exclusive use of guests. 这房间专供客人使用。Singing is not her exclusive interest outside work; she does many other things as well. 唱歌不是她工作之余唯一的爱好；她还有很多其他爱好。n. [C] a piece of news that is published or reported by only one newspaper, magazine, etc. 独家新闻；独家报道The newspaper published an exclusive about the incident. 这家报纸刊登了有关那个事件的独家新闻。

The Sun/ has had a number of useful exclusives. 《太阳报》发表过几篇有用的独家新闻。

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．．．wander v. move about an area without a definite aim漫游；闲逛We wandered around for hours looking for the house. 我们转悠了好几个小时来寻找那座房子。We spent the morning wandering the old part of the city. 我们花了一个上午在老城区逛悠。

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．．．second-hand a. owned or used by sb. else before you二手的；用过的a second-hand car二手车I finally found the textbook I need in a second-hand book store. 我终于在二手书店找到了我需要的那本教科书。

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．．．blend v. mix or combine（使）混合；（使）掺和Blend the eggs and milk

together. 把鸡蛋和牛奶调在一起。I tried to blend into the crowd, but I was obviously not dressed for the occasion. 我试图融入人群，但很明显我的穿着不适合这种场合。n. [C] the act of blending or sth. created by blending混合；混合物Which blend of coffee would you like? 你喜欢往咖啡里放些什么？His manner is a blend of charm and politeness. 他的态度既有魅力又文雅。

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．．．upper a. in a higher position; superior较高的, 上面的He already had a light growth of hair on his upper lip. 他上唇已经依稀长出胡须。Most meteorites do not make it through the Earth's upper atmosphere. 大多数流星无法穿过地球的大气层外层。

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．．．scale n. [sing., U] the size or level of sth. 规模；大小；等级The pay scale

goes from $8．,000

．．．美元之间。My parents

．．．至20．．,000

．．．. 薪金级别介于8．,000

．．．to$20．．,000

used to entertain friends on a large scale. 我父母过去常常举行大规模的宴会招待朋友。

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．．．upper-scale/ a. high class上流的；高级的an upper-scale men's wear shop高档男装商店He often dines with friends at upper-scale restaurants. 他常常和朋友在高档饭店吃饭。

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．．．lunchroom/ n. [C] a large room in a school or office where people can eat餐厅；食堂The meals at the school lunchroom don't look appealing. 学校餐厅的饭菜看上去不吸引人。He seldom takes a meal at the company lunch-room. 他很少在公司餐厅用餐。

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．．．ID n. [U] 身份证明；身份证We were asked to show our ID before the guards let us in. 保安在让我们进去前要求我们出示身份证。You can book a ticket in advance at the box office only with your ID. 只有用身份证才能提前在售票处订票。

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．．．discourage vt. 1．. try to prevent sth. from happening阻止；劝阻Parents should discourage smoking. 父母应当设法制止吸烟。What discourages me from going camping is the rain! 阻止我去露营的就是这场雨！2．. make sb. less confident or less willing to do sth. 使泄气；使灰心The thought of how much work she had to do discouraged her. 一想到要干那么多的活儿，她就心灰意冷。Don't discourage her; she's doing her best. 别给她泼冷水，她正竭尽全力呢。

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．．．entry n. [U] the act of entering a place进入The thieves had forced an entry into the building. 窃贼强行进入了那幢建筑物。The actress' entry into the world of political affairs surprised most people. 那位女演员进入政界使许多人都大为吃惊。

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．．．down-scale/ a. at the lower end of a scale; inferior低档的；劣等的down-scale clothing低档服装The discount stores caters mainly to down-scale customers. 减价商店主要满足中低收入的顾客。

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．．．setting n. [C] the place where sth. is or where sth. happens, and the general environment环境；背景We should seek more formal settings for the party. 我们应该找个更正式的环境聚会。In beautifully landscaped settings,

this unique zoo is great fun for all the family. 这个独特的动物园环境优美，对全家人来说都十分有意思。

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．．．rib vt. make fun of sb. in a friendly way开玩笑；戏弄She was continuously ribbed about her accent. 她常因口音受别人取笑。His brothers ribbed him about his new girlfriend. 他的兄弟们因他交上了新的女朋友而跟他开玩笑。

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．．．imitate vt. 1．. copy the way sb. behaves, speaks, moves, etc. 模仿；效仿He's very clever at imitating his friends. 他很善于模仿朋友们的讲话和动作。Some of the young men try to imitate their musical heroes from the past. 一些年轻男子试图模仿他们心中昔日的乐坛偶像。2．. copy sth. 仿制；仿造They produce man-made chemicals which exactly imitate particular natural ones. 他们生产的人造化学制品完全仿照某些天然物质。He imitated the works of Picasso. 他临摹了毕加索的作品。

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．．．rude a. 1．. speaking or behaving in an impolite way无礼的；粗鲁的It's rude not to say "Thank you" when you are given something. 别人给你东西时不说“谢谢”是不礼貌的。He's got no manners; he's rude to everyone. 他没有礼貌，对每个人都很粗鲁。2．. made or designed in a simple way简陋的We built a rude shelter from rocks on the beach. 我们用海滩上的岩石搭建了一个简陋的栖身之所。These are rude stone tools. 这是些粗糙的石制工具。

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．．．accompany vt. 1．. happen or exist at the same time as sth. else伴随；和...一起发生It had strong winds accompanied by heavy rain. 那天暴风骤雨。Fever is almost always accompanied by cough. 发烧时几乎总会有咳嗽的症状。2．. go somewhere with sb. 陪伴；陪同Would you like me to accompany you to the company? 您想让我陪您去公司吗？He was accompanied on the trip by his wife. 他那次旅行有妻子随行。

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．．．removal n. 1．. [C, U] the act of getting rid of sth. 消除；清除He has recovered form the removal of a tumor. 肿瘤切除手术后，他已康复了。After the removal of the soup, fish was served. 汤撤下去后，鱼端了上来。2．. [C, U] the act of moving sth. to a different place移动；搬迁our removal to London 我们搬往伦敦He runs a removal company. 他经营一家搬家公司。

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．．．grace n. [U] polite and pleasant behavior礼貌；风度Joanna has natural grace and elegance. 乔安娜具有一种天生的高雅气质。The Queen always speaks to the public with grace and dignity. 女王和公众讲话时总是维持着高贵端庄的仪态。

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．．．symbol n. 1．. [C] a picture or shape that represents sth. 象征；标志The lion is the symbol of courage. 狮子是勇敢的象征。The heart shape is a symbol of love. 心的形状象征着爱。2．. [C] a mark or sign with a particular meaning记号；符号You see the symbol on this label? Does that mean I have to hand-wash this shirt? 你看到标签上的图标了吗？那是不是说这件衬衫只能手洗.

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．．．inherent a. existing as a natural quality固有的；与生俱来的There is an

inherent weakness in the design. 这个设计有其固有的弱点。There are dangers inherent in almost every sport. 每种运动都有其危险性。

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．．．dignity n. 1．. [U] the ability to behave in a calm way even in a difficult situation端庄；体面She kept her dignity in spite of the laughing. 尽管人们讥笑她，可她仍然表现得体面端庄。She has a quiet dignity about her. 她身上有一种娴静的高贵气质。2．. [U] the fact of being respected or deserving respect尊严How could you say that? Have you no dignity? 你怎么能说这样的话？你就没有自尊心吗？She has lost everything but her dignity. 她失去了所有东西，但她没有丢失自己的尊严。

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．．．conspicuous a. easy to notice显著的；明显的If you're walking along the dark road at night you should wear conspicuous clothes. 如果你晚上在黑暗的街道上行走，就应该穿醒目的衣服。He tried not to be conspicuous and moved slowly along the back of the room. 他沿着房间后面慢慢移动，尽量不让自己引起注意。

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．．．conspicuously/ ad. noticeably显著地；明显地The red flag rose conspicuously over the beautiful city. 红旗十分醒目地在这座美丽的城市上空飘扬。He is conspicuously not present in the meeting. 会议他缺席了，这太引人注目了。

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．．．internal a. 1．. inside sth. 内部的We are holding an internal inquiry to find out who is responsible. 我们正在进行内部调查以查明谁该负责。The internal record indicates that there had been concern about safety before the accident. 内部记录表明，在事故发生前就已有了安全方面的担心。2．. within a particular country国内的；本国的internal trade国内贸易It is not certain whether a meeting would solve the internal conflict. 一次会议是否能解决这一内部冲突，值得怀疑。

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．．．internalize/ vt. make a particular belief, attitude, etc. become part of one's character使内在化He had not expected the people to internalize the values of equal rights so readily. 他没有料到人民这么快就接受了权力平等的价值观念。It is proved that present-day children easily internalize violent behavior through social learning. 事实证明现在的孩子由于受社会的影响很容易产生暴力行为。

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．．．superficial a. 1．. not thinking about serious or important things; shallow肤浅的；浅薄的You have only a superficial knowledge of the subject. 你对该学科只有粗浅的了解。I only have a superficial knowledge of French. 我对法语只懂些皮毛。2．. of or on the surface表面的The driver only got superficial cuts. 司机只是受了点外伤。There are superficial similarities between the two cars, but actually they're quite different. 从表面上看两辆车差不多，但实际上差别很大。

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．．．prevail vi. exist among a group of people at a certain time盛行；流行The use of horses still prevails among the poorer farmers. 贫穷的农民仍然普遍用马代步和运输东西。This is a strange custom that still prevails. 这个奇怪风俗仍然盛行。

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．．．catalogue vt. make a complete list of all the things in a group把...编入目录Many rare plants have not yet been catalogued. 许多珍稀植物还未被归类。This report is the first effort to catalogue the effects of smoking. 这份报告试图首次对吸烟所造成的影响进行归纳。n. [C] a complete list of things目录a library catalogue图书馆目录

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．．>．undoubtedly ad. without doubt; certainly确实地；无疑地The painting is undoubtedly authentic. 这幅画无疑是真迹。It is undoubtedly the best French film this year. 毫无疑问，这是本年度最好的法国影片。

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．．．sociologist n. [C] a person who specializes in the study of sociology 研究社会学的人；社会学家She is a prominent sociologist. 她是位著名的社会学家。Sociologists disagree about whether sociology is a science or not. 社会学家们对于社会学是否是一门科学有争议。

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．．．go to great lengths make a great deal of effort to do sth. 竭尽全力做某事Some people go to great lengths to make their homes attractive. 有些人千方百计把他们的家布置得很吸引人。They went to great lengths to keep the affair secret. 他们竭尽全力为这事保密。

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．．．take sides support sb. and not others支持某人；偏袒一方He has never dared to take sides against his superior. 他从未敢反对他的上级。Jim always takes sides with Alice. 吉姆总是站在爱丽丝那边。

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．．．act out express one's thoughts or feelings through words or behavior 将（思想或情感）表达出来They acted out their frustration. 他们用行动来发泄受挫失望的情绪。Children's strong feelings often get acted out in bad behavior. 孩子们的强烈情感经常通过不良行为表现出来。

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．．．speak of show that sth. exists or is true表明；意味着Her behavior speaks of suffering bravely borne. 她的行为反映了她勇敢承受着痛苦。The whole robbery spoke of inside knowledge on the part of the criminals. 整个抢劫案表明罪犯掌握了内情。

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．．．turn off drive sb. away from a place使离开The shop owner turned off the old beggar. 店主赶走了老乞丐。The crowd was turned off by the police. 警察赶走了人群。

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．．．tune out stop listening or paying attention不理会；不理睬The children tuned out their mother's commands. 孩子们不理会母亲的吩咐。She tuned out after I said no extra money was involved. 在我说了之外再没有钱后，她就不想听了。

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．．．up to well or good enough to do sth. 能适合的；能胜任的I don't feel up to going to work today. 我今天身体不舒服，不能去上班。He wants to compete at an international level, but I don't think he's up to it. 他想参加国际水准的竞争，但我认为他还不到那个水平。

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．．．more or less almost几乎；差不多I've more or less finished reading this book. 我差不多快读完这本书了。The project was more or less a success. 这项计划大体上是成功的。

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．．．follow one's track go after sb. or sth. 跟着；跟踪We followed his tracks through the snow. 我们顺着他的足印在雪地里前进。The hunters followed the tracks of the animal for hours. 猎人循着动物的脚印追了几个小时。

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．．．apart from except for; besides除了；除...之外I hardly know anyone in the city apart from a few of my schoolmates. 除了几个同学之外，在这个城市我几乎不认识任何人。He is also interested in classical music apart from pop music. 他对流行音乐感兴趣，对古典音乐也感兴趣。

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．．．blow one's cover tell people who sb. really is揭露；揭某人的老底The enemy's cover was blown. 敌人的掩护身份暴露了。I was pretending to be her sister until she blew my cover. 直到她揭露真相，我一直在假装是她的姐姐。

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．．．out of character not typical of sb.'s usual behavior与某人个性不相符Her behavior last night was quite out of character. 昨晚她的举止颇有点反常。

I can't believe he would have quarreled—it seems so out of character. 我不相信他会吵架──这太不像他了。

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．．．out of bounds (of a place) not allowing sb. to go there禁止进入的Bars are out of bounds to minors. 未成年人禁止进入酒吧。The school canteen is out of bounds for outsiders. 校外人员禁止在学校食堂用餐。

MUS IC>

．．．sound/unit07．．_newwords_a.mp3．

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．．overwhelm vt. 1．. affect sb.'s emotions in a powerful way使受不了；使不知所措He was suddenly overwhelmed by a strong feeling of sadness. 一阵强烈的孤独感突然袭上心头。I was quite overwhelmed by all the flowers and letters of support I received. 我收到的所有鲜花和支持信件使我激动不已。2．. defeat击败They were overwhelmed by the enemy. 他们被敌军击败了。With his great strength, the policeman overwhelmed the robber. 警察用大力制服了抢劫者。

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．．spin v. (cause to) turn around very quickly（使）旋转I feel faint and the room is spinning. 我感到昏昏沉沉，觉得房间在旋转。Our washing machine spins the clothes quite fast. 我们的洗衣机使衣服快速转动。n. [C] an act of turning around quickly旋转I hit something on the road, which sent the car into a spin. 我撞到了路上的什么东西，使得车子直打转。Suddenly, the plane went into a spin. 飞机突然旋转起来。

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．．title vt. give a name to a book, article, etc. 给...取名Shakespeare titled his play

A Mid-summer Night's Dream莎士比亚给自己的剧本取名为《仲夏夜之梦》。Have you found the book titledWater Margin你找到书名为《水浒传》的那本书了吗？n.

[C] a name of a book, article, etc. 名称；题目I can never remember film titles. 我从来就记不住电影的片名。This next record bears the title

The Red Shoes下一张唱片的名字就是《红鞋子》。

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．．clinical a. relating to a clinic or hospital诊所的；临床的This disease should figure prominently in textbooks of clinical medicine. 这种疾病在临床医学教科书中应该有突出的叙述。We have had a bit more clinical experience

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