现在完成时练习题及答案

一、时态讲解：现在完成时

（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have.

现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study 为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：

否定式 I have not (haven’t) studied…. You have not (haven’t) studied…. He has not (hasn’t) studied….

否定疑问式 Have I not (Haven’t I) studied…? Have you not (Haven’t you) studied…? Has he not (Hasn’t he) studied…? 简单回答（肯定/否定） Yes, you have. No, you haven’t. Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. 疑问式 Have I studied…? Have you studied…? Has he studied…? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.

（2）用法：

1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。

My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。 I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。 She has arrived. 她到了。

2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。如：

I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。

We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。 They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。

She has been with us since Monday. ★注意：

a) since和for的区别

since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there

for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。

Exercise: 用since和for填空

1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday. 2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days. 3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days.

4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock. 5. India has been an independent country ______1974. 6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes. 7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years.

8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October.

1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. since 6. for 7. for 8. since

2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说：书本119重点

He has come here for 2 weeks. × The old man has died for 4 months. × They have left only for 5 minutes. × 以上三句话可以改为： He has been here for 2 weeks.

The old man has ______ _______ for 4 months. They have _____ _____ only for 5 minutes

2）have (has) been 和have (has) gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地”要用 “have (has) been”; 表示“已经去某地”要用 “have (has) gone”。试比较：

Where has he been? 他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了） Where has he gone? 他上哪儿去了？（人不在） They have been to Canada. 他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大）

They have gone to Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）.

3）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976过去的时间, two days ago, just now(刚才), when I came in，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。例如：

She has already come. 她已经来了。

I haven’t read it yet. (用于否定和疑问)我还没读过这个。 I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。

Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马红一直是个好学生。

I have often seen him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他。

They have never been to Yan’an. 他们从未去过延安。 I haven't seen him lately. 我近来没看到他。

Irregular Verbs

Base Form Past Form Past Participle bear beat become blow bring build buy catch choose come do drink drive eat fall find bore beat became blew brought built bought caught chose came did drank drove ate fell found born beaten become blown brought built bought caught chosen come done drunk driven eaten fallen found

fly get give go grow have hear keep leave lose make put read run say see sell send sing sink take teach flew got gave went grew had heard kept left lost made put read ran said saw sold sent sang sank/sunk took taught flown got given gone grown had heard kept left lost made put read run said seen sold sent sung sunk taken taught

write am, is are

wrote was were wrote been been Exercise:

I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.

1. I----____ already __-------__ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week.

2. __---___ he _---___ (finish) his work today? Not yet.

3. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now.

4. Where’s Li Ming ? He _---------_________ (go) to the teacher’s office.

5. I ------_ (work) here since I ---- (move) here in 1999.

6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here. 7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here ? For two weeks.

8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework. 9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day. 10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet? 11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.

12. The students __were reading__________ (read) English when the teacher came in.

13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb) the tree.

14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday. 15. I've lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere?

1. have, seen, saw 2. Has, finished 3. has, come 4. has gone 5. have worked, moved 6. have made 7. have, stayed 8. have, finished 9. goes 10. have, found 11. is 12. were reading 13. is climbing 14. is coming 15. Have, seen

II. Choose the best answer. 1. How long have you _______ here?

A. come B. got C. arrived D. been

2. My grandpa died _________.

A. at the age of my 2 C. when I was 2.

B. for 2 years

D. my age was 6.

3. Jane has _____ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.

A. been B. gone never been

4. It is ten years _____ I last saw her.

A. after B. since C. for 5.--Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? --I will. I _____ her several times.

A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet

6. --What a nice dress! How long _____ you _____ it? --Just 2 weeks.

A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had

7.--Do you know Lydia very well?

--Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were very young.

D. that

C. went D.

A. have made B. have become C.

D. have turned

have been

8. The Smiths _______ in China for 8 years.

A. has lived B. lived C. has been D. live

9. --Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black?

-- Sorry. He ______ the Bainiao Park.

A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to

10. --____ you ever ____ to the US?

-- Yes, twice.

A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going

III. Rewrite the sentences.

1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句) I _________ _________ been to Macau before.

2. He has come to school because he was ill. (就划线部分提问)

______ _______ he come to school?

3. I bought a new bike just now. (用just改写) I ____ just ____ a new bike.

4. We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句) We ____ ____English ____three years

5. He has never surfed, __hasn’t_____ ___he____? （改成反意疑问句）

6. They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问) _______ _______have they been here?

7. The old man _________ last year. He has _______ _______for a year. (die) （动词填空） 8. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)

Miss Gao has _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.

一、短暂性动词用于现在完成时

（1）短暂性动词的现在完成时的肯定式不能和“for+一段时间”或“since+起点时间”状语连用，但短暂性动词完成时的否定式形式可以和这样的状语连用，这是因为短暂性动词的现在完成时的否定形式可表示一个否定的状态，这个状态是可以持续的。如：不能说：We have received his letter for two weeks.我们收到他的信有两周了。但可以说：We haven't received his letter for two weeks.我们有两周没有收到他的信了。考例： —How are you today？

—Oh，I_________as ill as I do now for a very long time.（NMET2000） A.didn't feel B.wasn't feeling C.don' tfeel D.haven't felt

分析：fall ill表示“生病”，是一个短暂的变化过程，可以用现在完成时的否定式表状态，和“for a very long time”这样的状语连用。故答案为D.

（2）短暂性动词的现在完成时的肯定式不能和“for+一段时间”状语连用，也不能能用于how long开头的问句中，如：不能说：Tom has married for ten years.（Tom结婚十年了。）但可以说：Tom has been married for ten years.这是因为可将其理解为是系表结构，have been是系动词be的完成式，married是过去分词，做表语，表示状态，状态可以持续，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。 考例：

—How long_________at this job？ —Since1990.（北京2003春招） A.were you employed

B.have you been employed C.had you been employed

D.wil lyou be employed

分析：此题是以“how long”开头的问句，要用现在完成时，故答案为B.have been employed可理解为是系表结构，have been是系动词be的完成式，employed为短暂性动词，为过去分词形式作表语，表示状态。 （3）短暂性动词的现在完成式可以表示动作在过去发生，但对现在有影响。如： Have you seen my glasses？你看见过我的眼镜吗？（see动作在说话前发生，强调对现在的影响是：你是否还记得眼镜所在的地方？） 考例：

The price________，but I doubt whether it wil lremain so.（广东1999） A.went down B.will go down C.has gone down D.was going down

分析：go down意为“（物价等）下跌”，做不及物动词使用，其动作短暂。答案为C.用现在完成时，强调价格在说话前已经下跌，现在还没有回升，所以就“怀疑今后是否仍会处于这种跌落态势”。

二、部分短暂性动词的现在进行时可代替一般将来时

这样的动词有：come，go，get，arrive，see，off，takeoff，return，start等。例如： How are you getting to the airport？ 你将怎样去机场？

Bob is going with me to the hospital. Bob将和我一起去医院。

Ask the questions

1) I have been there for two days.

__________ _________ __________ you __________ __________?

2) My father has lived here since 2000.

____how_____ ____long_____ ____has______ your father _________ __________?

3) He left here yesterday. __When_______ ________ he _________ __________? 4) They bought a book two hours ago. __________ ___________ they __________ a book?

Keys: 1. How long have, been there 2. How long has, lived here 3. When did, leave here 4. When did, buy

Use “never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since” to fill in the blanks.

1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.

3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years. 4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.”

5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.” Keys: 1. never 2. just , already 3. for 4. ever, never 5. yet , just / already

现在完成时练习题及答案 一、翻译下列句子：

你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？ 2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。 3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。

4. 他已经吃过午饭 5. 你已经看过这部电影了吗？ 6. 我哥哥还没回来。

7.这本字典我已买了三年了。 8.他离开中国三年了。 9.我认识他们五年了。 10.他们已去了美国五年了。 11.自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。 12.我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。 13.自从1999年以来他们就认识。 14.我来到这个学校已3年多了。

二、用since和for填空

1.______two years 2.____two years ago 3.___last month 4.______ 1999 5._______yesterday 6._______ 4 o’clock 7 4 hours 8._____an hour ago 9. ___we were children 10._____ lunch time 11.____ she left here

12. He has lived in Nanjing ___ the year before last. 13. I’ve known him ______ we were children.

14. Our teacher has studied Japanese ______ three years. 15. She has been away from the city ______ about ten years. 16. It’s about ten years ____since______ she left the city.

三、

短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。

如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow, buy, join, die ,become等。)转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语。 ① arrive at / in sp / get to (到达) / reach sp / come / go / move to → be (in +地点 / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be there)

1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago. He has been in Beijing for five minutes. .

2) I moved to the USA in 2008. I ------------- the USA since ---------------. .

3) I went home yesterday. I -------- home for ----. .

4) They came here last week. They ___________ here since _____________.

② come to / go back to / return to→ be back to go out → be out 1) He came out two years ago.He ______________ for ____________.

2) We return to Beijing yesterday.We ___ ____________ to Beijing since __________.

③ become → be

1) I became a teacher in 2000. I ________________ a teacher for _________________.

2) The river became dirty last year. The river _______ _______ dirty for _______ ________.

④ close → be closed open → be open

1) The shop closed two hours ago. The shop _______________ ______ for _________________.

2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours.

⑤ get up → be up； die → be dead； leave sp. → be away from sp.

fall asleep / get tot sleep → be asleep； finish / end → be over；marry → be married；

1) I got up two hours ago.I ________ ______ _______since _______________.

2) He left Shanghai just now.He _______ _____________ ______ Shanghai for five minutes.

3) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa _______ _____ ______for _______ ________.

4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting ________ ______ ______ for six hours. 5) I got to sleep two hours ago .I ________ _____ ___ since _________ _________. 6) They married in 1990. They ________ _________ __________since _________.

⑥ start / begin to do sth. → do sth. ；begin → be on

1) I began to teach at this school in 1995. I ____ ____ at this school since ____. 2) The film began two minutes ago. The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____. ⑦ borrow → keep； lose → not have ；buy → have ；put on → wear catch / get a cold → have a cold； get to know → know

1) They borrowed it last week. They __________it since _____________. 2) I bought a pen two hours ago. I ____________a pen for _____________. 3) I got to know him last year. I ___________ him since ___________.

4) I put on my glasses three years ago. I _________ my glasses for ______________.

⑧have / has gone to → have been in

He has gone to Beijing. He _____________ Beijing for two days.

⑨ join the league / the Party / the army

→ be a league member /a Party member / a soldier → be a member of the league / the Party → be in the league / the Party / the army 1) He joined the league in 2002.

He _________________ a _________________ for two years. He ___________ a _________ the ________ for two years. He _______________________ the league for two years. 2) My brother joined the army two years ago.

My brother _________a ________ for ___________ ___________. My brother ___________ in ___________ for two years.

三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语

① 1. has been in , five minutes 2. have been in , 2008 3. have been at, two days 4. have been , last week ② 1. have been out, two years 2. have been back , yesterday ③ 1. have been , nine years

2. has been , two years ④ 1. has been closed , two hours 2. has been open

⑤ 1. have been up , two hours ago 2. has been away from 3. has been dead , seven years 4. has been over

5. have been asleep , two hours ago 6. have been married , 1990 ⑥ 1. have taught , 1995 2. has been on , two minutes ⑦ 1. have kept , last week 2. have had , two hours 3. have known , last years 4. have worn , three years ⑧ has been in

⑨ has been , League member has been , member of , League has been in

2. has been , soldier , two years has been , the army

四、划线提问

1) I have been there for two days.

__________ _________ __________ you __________ __________ ? 2) My father has lived here since 2000.

_________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________? 3) He left here yesterday.

_________ ________ he _________ __________? 4) They bought a book two hours ago.

__________ ___________ they __________ a book 五、用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。 A: Where ____________ Li Fei ___________? B: He ____________ to Hainan Island.

A: How long ___________ he ___________ there? B: He _____________ there for three days. A: When will he come back , do you know? B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently. A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island? B: Sorry, I _________ never ___________ there.

A: How many times ___________ Li Fei __________ to that place? B: He _____________ there only once.

六、用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。 1) Where is Jack? He __________ his country. 2) David ________ the park just now.

3) John _______ England since he came back. 4) How long _____ they _____ this village? 5) The Smiths ______ Beijing for years.

6) _____ you ever ____ America? -- Yes, I _____ there many times. 7) I _____ this school since three years ago. 8) Where is Jim? He _____ the farm.

9) When_____ he _____? He _______ an hour ago.

10) Would you like to _____ to the zoo with me? ---Yes, but I _____ there before. 11) Where _____ you _____ now? --- I ____ to the zoo. 12) He often _____ swimming.

13) _____ you ______ there last year?

14) _____ they often ______ skating in winter? 七 用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空

1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.

3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.

4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.” 5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”

八. 用适当的时态填空：

1.She’s _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten.

2.Both of them ________________ (be) in Hongkong for ten days. 3.Both of them ____________ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago. 4. Half an hour __________ (pass) since the train __________ (leave).

5. Mary________(lose) her pen. ________ you _______(see) it here and there?

6. _________ you _____ (find) your watch yet?

7. ---Are you thirsty? ---No I _________just _________ (have) some orange.

8. We ---- already _________ (return) the book.

9. ________ they _______ (build) a new school in the village? 10. I _____________(not finish) my homework . Can you help me? 11. My father _____ (read) the novel twice. 12. I _________ (buy) a book just now.

13. I _________ (lost ) my watch yesterday.

14. My father ___________ (read) this book since yesterday. 现在完成时态练习题答案 一．翻译下列句子：

1. Have you ever had / eaten fish and chips? 2. I have just lost my chemistry book. 3. I have never been to the farm before.

4. He has already had lunch = He has had lunch

already.

5. Have you seen the movie yet?

6. My brother hasn’t come /get / been back yet = My brother hasn’t returned yet.

7. I have had this dictionary for three years / since three years ago.

8. Has been away from China for three years. 9. I have known them for five years. 10. They have been in the USA for five years. 11. He has been here since he moved to Jining.

12. My sister has been a college student for three years = My sister has been in college for three years. 13. They have known each other since 1999. 14. I have been in this school for over three years. 二、用since或者for填空

1. for 2. since 3. since 4. since 5. since 6. since 7. for 8 since 9.since 10. since 11. since 12.since 13. since 14.for 15.for 16. since

四、划线提问

1. How long have, been there 2. How long has , lived here

3. When did , leave here 4. When did , buy 五、用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。 A: Where has Li Fei gone? B: He has gone to Hainan Island. A: How long has he been there? B: He has been there for three days. A: When will he come back, do you know? B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently. A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island? B: Sorry, I have never been there.

A: How many times has Li Fei been to that place? B: He has been there only once.

六、用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。

1. has gone t 2. went to 3. has been in 4. have , been in 5. have been in 6. Have , been to ; have been 7. have been in / at 8. has gone to

9. did go ; went 10. go ; have been 11. are , going ; am going 12. goes 13. Did , go 14. Do , go 七、综合练习:

1. never 2. just , already 3. for 4. ever, never 5. yet , just / already

八. 用适当的时态填空：

1. lived / has been living 2. have been 3. went 4. has passed ; left

5. has lost ; have , seen 6. Have , found 7. have , had 8. have , returned 9. Have , built 10. haven’t finished

11. has read 12. bought 13. lost 14. have been reading / has read

1. never 2. just , already 3. for 4. ever, never 5. yet , just / already

八. 用适当的时态填空：

1. lived / has been living 2. have been 3. went 4. has passed ; left

5. has lost ; have , seen 6. Have , found 7. have , had 8. have , returned 9. Have , built 10. haven’t finished

11. has read 12. bought 13. lost 14. have been reading / has read

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