初三英语被动语态和练习

被动语态

一. 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。

二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换

We Visited that factory last summer 主动语态

主语

状语

That factory last summer 被动语态

主语 谓语 宾语 状语

三. 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比

注意：被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后加not，短语动词的被动态

不可漏掉其中介副词。固定结构be going to, used to, have to, had better 变为被动态时，只需将其后的动词变为被动态。如：

Trees should not be planted in summer. Newspapers used to be sent here by the little girl.

四. 如何正确使用被动语态

1. 有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。

eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态）

Weareoftentoldinterestingstoriesbyhim. Interestingstoriesareoftentoldtousbyhim. （被动语态）

▲常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass等。

2. 在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。

eg. I often hear her sing this popular song . （主动语态）

宾语宾语补足语

复合宾语

She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态）

▲ 有这种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice等。

3. 有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。”

比较：（1）(系表结构) Thedoorisclosed.门是关着的。 (被动语态) ThedoorisclosedbyFengping.这个门是由冯平来关的。

（2）(系表结构) Theglassisbroken.这个玻璃杯是坏的。 (被动语态) TheglasswasbrokenbyMary.这个玻璃杯是玛丽弄坏的。 ▲下面主动形式常表示被动意义：如：

The window wants/needs/requires repairing. The book is worth reading twice.The door won’t shut. / The play won’t act. The clothes washes well. / The book sells well. The dish tastes delicious. / Water feels very cold

4. 只有及物动词和可有宾语的动词+介词词组才可以有被动语态。

eg. GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina.(正确) GreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinChina.(错误)

dinthedeepsea.(正确) Thedolphindisappeare dinthedeespea.(错误) Thedolphinwasdisappeare

▲下面词或短语没有被动态：

leave, enter, reach, become, benefit, cost, equal, contain, last, lack, fit, fail, have, appear, happen, occur, belong to, take place, break out, agree with, keep up with, consist of, 等等。

练习：

1. A talk on Chinese history in the school hall next week .

A. be given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give

2. To make our city more beautiful , rubbish into the river .

A. needn’t be thrown B. mustn’t be thrown

C. can’t throw D. may not throw

3. You may go fishing if your work ______ .

A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done

4. The trees must ______ three times a week .

A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters

5. — I won’t come to the party unless Sue , too .

— You mean if Sue comes you’ll come ?

A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invited

6. I like my new bike . It very well .

A. rides B. is riding C. is ridden D. has ridden

7. Mr. Chen has a loud voice . His voice can ______ clearly even in that big classroom .

A. hear B. be heard C. be hearing D. have heard

8. — It’s time to do your homework , Jack .

— Yes , Mum . I’ll turn off the TV as soon as the program. .

A. ends B. end C. will be ended D. will end

9. You to the meeting , why didn’t you go ?

A. be invited B. will be invited C. were invited D. are invited

10. A lot of trees along the river last year .

A. planted B. are planted C. were planted

11. The rivers smells terrible People must dirty things into it .

A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop form throwing

12. Paper first invented in China .

A. is B. are C. was D. were

13. — Do you like the flower ? — Yes , it sweet .

A. is smelling B. smelt C. is smelt D. smells

14. It snowed heavily last night . The ground thick snow .

A. was covered with B. was filled with C. was made of D. covered with

15. The light in the room before you leave .

A. must turn of B. will turn off C. are turned D. must be turned off

16. ______the kind of question often_______ in your class , Ann ?

A. Does , ask B. Is , asked C. Has , asked D. Will , ask

17. The bridge ________ in three weeks .

A. will build B. is built C. will be built D. builds

18. The old men and the children must _______ in our country .

A. take good care B. be taken good care C. take good care of D. be taken good care of

19. Paul doesn’t have to be made _____ He always works hard .

A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning

20. The girl was unhappy because she _____ by some boys in the class .

A. is laughed B. was laughed C. laughed at D. was laughed at

21. We _____ that the English test ______ next Monday .

A. are told , gives B. tell , will give C. are told , will be given D. told , is going to be given

22. Great changes place in China since 1978 .

A. have been taken B. have taken C. has been taken D. took

23. ______ the red pencil-box _______ by your father last week ?

A. Has , bought B. Was , bought C. Does , buy D. Did , buy

24. Mary _______ many songs at the party .

A. heard sing B. heard to sing C. was heard sing D. was heard to sing

25. ____ trees usually _____ in April ?

A. Have , planted B. Are , planted C. Do , plant D. Were , planted

26. When we got there , the broken road repaired .

A. is being B. was being C. has been D. /

27. The windows of the room once a week .

A. has been cleaned B. is cleaned C. are cleaned D. are cleaning

28. In 1620 , about half the USA forests .

A. was covered B. was covered by C. were filled with D. covered with

29. The young tree the stick .

A. should be tied to B. must be tied by C. should tie to D. can be tied with

30. A present me by my friend on my birthday .

A. is giving B. was given to C. is given for D. will give to

31. By was the book ?

A. who , wrote B. whom , write C. whom , written D. whom , writing

32. Films about crime and violence（暴力与犯罪）________ by young children .

A. should not see B. should be not seen C. should not be seen D. should be seen

33. In warm weather fruit and meat long .

A. can’t be kept B. don’t keep C. is not kept D. aren’t keeping

34. Half the world’s telephone calls in English .

A. are made B. are making C. make D. is made

35. That building now .

A. is building B. is built C. is being built D. builds

36. The trees in our school every Friday afternoon .

A. are watered B. are watering C. have watered D. water

37. More “ Great Green Walls ” must all over the world .

A. build B. are built C. be building D. be built

38. His school bag by a woman ten minutes ago .

A. took away B. was taken away C. was taken off D. is taken

39. It that she very clever .

A. was said , is B. was said , were C. is said , is D. is said , is being

40. Yesterday a visitor something about his hometown .

A. was asked B. was asking C. is asked D. Asked

1-5 CBACD 6-10 ABACC

1—5 BCDAD 6—10 BCDBD 11—15 CBBDB 16—20 BCBAB

21—25 CCAAC 26—30 ADBCA

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/voun.html