机床数控技术课程设计

机床数控技术课程设计

说明书

学 专 学 姓

校：南京航空航天大学 业：机械工程及自动化 号： 名：

设计题目：PL1 DC21 指导老师： 时

间：

一．课设任务：

1.PL1-----逐点比较法插补第1象限直线； 2.DC21---DDA法插补第2~1象限顺圆弧。

二．课设要求:

1.具有数据输入界面，如输入直线插补的起点、终点，圆弧插补的起止点、圆心或半径、插补的步长等；

2.具有插补过程的动态显示功能，如单步插补、连续插补等； 3.插补的步长可调；

4.直线的起点、圆弧的圆心在坐标系中的位置可变（即直线的起点、圆弧的圆心可不设定在坐标原点）

5.建议使用C语言编程，有条件者可使用VB、VC等语言编程。

三．程序界面及运行截图

1.直线连续插补：

2.直线单步插补：

3.圆弧连续插补：

4.圆弧单步插补：

四、程序流程图

1.PL1：逐点比较法插补第1象限直线

逐点比较法插补直线的过程为每进给一步需完成偏差判别，坐标进给，偏差计算，

终点判别四个步骤，具体流程如图1 所示。 开始 初始化，输入起点x01、y01，终点x02、y02，步长k E=(abs(x01-x02)+abs(y01-y02))/k (总步数) F=0 （判别函数） E>0 N 结束 Y F>=0 N Y 向正X方向前进一步 F=F-(y02-y01) 向正Y方向前进一步 F=F+(x02-x01) E=E-1

2、DDA法圆弧插补

开始 初始化，输入起点坐标（xr03,y03），终点坐标(x04,y04) 半径R步长b和寄存器位数j N 二一象限顺圆？ Y 计算圆心坐标（xx,yy） xj=x03,yj=y03 jvx=0;jvy=0 m=2^j xm=fix((xx-x03)/b); ym=fix((yy+R-y03)/b) N xm>0？ Y jvx=jvx+yj-yy ym>0？ Y jvy=jvy+xx-xj +X前进一步 xm=xm-1 Y jvx溢出？ +Y前进一步 ym=ym-1 jvy溢出？ Y xm>0||ym>0? N

N xn=fix((x04-xx)/b); yn=fix((yy+R-y04)/b); N xn>0？ Y jvx=jvx+yj-yy yn>0？ Y jvy=jvy+xj-xx +X前进一步 xn=xn-1 Y jvx溢出？ >0？ -Y前进一步 yn=yn-1 jvy溢出？ >0？ Y xn>0||yn>0? N 结束 五．程序及变量说明（Matlab）

function varargout = cxy_050910610(varargin) gui_Singleton = 1;

gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ...

'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ...

'gui_OpeningFcn', @cxy_050910610_OpeningFcn, ... 'gui_OutputFcn', @cxy_050910610_OutputFcn, ... 'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ... 'gui_Callback', []); if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})

gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});

end

if nargout

[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:}); else

gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:}); end

function cxy_050910610_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin) global u u=0;

global fla; fla=0;

handles.output = hObject;

guidata(hObject, handles);

function varargout = cxy_050910610_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

varargout{1} = handles.output;

function x1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) global x01;

x01=str2double(get(handles.x1,'string'));

function x1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end

function x2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) global x02;

x02=str2double(get(handles.x2,'string'));

function x2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end

function y1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) global y01;

y01=str2double(get(handles.y1,'string'));

function y1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end

function y2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) global y02;

y02=str2double(get(handles.y2,'string'));

function y2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end

function x3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) global x03;

x03=str2double(get(handles.x3,'string'));

function x3_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end

function y3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) global y03;

y03=str2double(get(handles.y3,'string'));

function y3_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end

function x4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) global x04;

x04=str2double(get(handles.x4,'string'));

function x4_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end

function y4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) global y04;

y04=str2double(get(handles.y4,'string'));

function y4_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end

function r_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) global R;

R=str2double(get(handles.r,'string'));

function r_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end

function clear_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) cla;

function straightline_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) global s;

grid on;

x01=str2double(get(handles.x1,'string')); x02=str2double(get(handles.x2,'string')); y01=str2double(get(handles.y1,'string')); y02=str2double(get(handles.y2,'string')); x=linspace(x01,x02,1000);

y=((y02-y01)/(x02-x01))*(x-x01)+y01; plot(x,y,'b'); hold on; s=1;

function circular_arc_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) grid on;

x03=str2double(get(handles.x3,'string')); x04=str2double(get(handles.x4,'string')); y03=str2double(get(handles.y3,'string')); y04=str2double(get(handles.y4,'string')); R=str2double(get(handles.r,'string')); l=sqrt((y04-y03).^2+(x04-x03).^2); k=sqrt(R^2-(l^2)/4);

x0=(x03+x04)/2+((y04-y03)*k)/l; y0=(y03+y04)/2-((x04-x03)*k)/l; x=linspace(x03,x04,1000); y=y0+sqrt(R^2-(x-x0).^2); plot(x,y,'b'); axis equal; hold on; global s s=0;

function lxcb_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) global s F X Y;

if s==1

x01=str2double(get(handles.x1,'string')); x02=str2double(get(handles.x2,'string')); y01=str2double(get(handles.y1,'string')); y02=str2double(get(handles.y2,'string')); k=str2double(get(handles.buchang,'string')); X=x01;Y=y01;

F=0;

E=(abs(x01-x02)+abs(y01-y02))/k; while E>0 if F>=0 X=X+k;

m=linspace(X-k,X,100); n=Y;

F=F-(y02-y01); plot(m,n,'r'); else Y=Y+k; p=X;

q=linspace(Y-k,Y,100); F=F+(x02-x01); plot(p,q,'r'); end E=E-1; end else

x03=str2double(get(handles.x3,'string')); x04=str2double(get(handles.x4,'string')); y03=str2double(get(handles.y3,'string')); y04=str2double(get(handles.y4,'string')); b=str2double(get(handles.buchang,'string')); j=str2double(get(handles.jcq,'string')); R=str2double(get(handles.r,'string')); l=((y04-y03)^2+(x04-x03)^2)^0.5; m=(y04-y03)/l; n=(x03-x04)/l;

xx=(x03+x04)/2+(R^2-l^2/4)^0.5*m; yy=(y03+y04)/2+(R^2-l^2/4)^0.5*n; if ~(x03<=xx&xx<=x04&y03>=yy&y04>=yy) errordlg('请输入第二一象限的顺圆弧');

else xi=x03;yi=y03;xii=x03;yii=y03; jvx=0; jvy=0;

xj=fix((xx-x03)/b);yj=fix((yy+R-y03)/b); %计算步数 m=2^j; %模 while (xj>0||yj>0) if xj>0

jvx=jvx+yi-yy; end

if yj>0

jvy=jvy+xx-xi; end

flag=0; if(jvx>m)

xj=xj-1;flag=1; xi=xi+b;

jvx=mod(jvx,m); end

if(jvy>m)

yj=yj-1;flag=1; yi=yi+b;

jvy=mod(jvy,m); end

if flag==1

line([xii,xi],[yii,yi],'color','r'); hold on; xii=xi; yii=yi; end end end

line([xi,xx],[yi,yy+R],'color','r');

xi=xx;yi=yy+R;xii=xx;yii=yy+R; jvx=0; jvy=0;

xj=fix((x04-xx)/b);yj=fix((yy+R-y04)/b); m=2^j;

axis auto;

while (xj>0||yj>0) if xj>0

jvx=jvx+yi-yy; end

if yj>0

jvy=jvy+xi-xx; end

flag=0; if(jvx>m)

xj=xj-1;flag=1; xi=xi+b;

jvx=mod(jvx,m); end

if(jvy>m)

yj=yj-1;flag=1; yi=yi-b;

jvy=mod(jvy,m);

end

if flag==1

line([xii,xi],[yii,yi],'color','r'); xii=xi; yii=yi; hold on; end end end

function dbcb_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) global X Y F u E s; if s==1

x01=str2double(get(handles.x1,'string')); y01=str2double(get(handles.y1,'string')); x02=str2double(get(handles.x2,'string')); y02=str2double(get(handles.y2,'string')); k=str2double(get(handles.buchang,'string')); if u==0 X=x01;

Y=y01; u=u+1;

E=(abs(x01-x02)+abs(y01-y02))/k; F=0; else

if E>0

if F>=0 X=X+k;

m=linspace(X-k,X,1000); n=Y;

F=F-(y02-y01); plot(m,n,'r'); hold on; else

Y=Y+k; p=X;

q=linspace(Y-k,Y); F=F+(x02-x01); plot(p,q,'r'); hold on; end E=E-1; else

u=0; end end else

global fla;

x03=str2double(get(handles.x3,'string')); x04=str2double(get(handles.x4,'string')); y03=str2double(get(handles.y3,'string')); y04=str2double(get(handles.y4,'string')); b=str2double(get(handles.buchang,'string')); j=str2double(get(handles.jcq,'string')); R=str2double(get(handles.r,'string')); l=((y04-y03)^2+(x04-x03)^2)^0.5; m=(y04-y03)/l;

n=(x03-x04)/l;

xx=(x03+x04)/2+(R^2-l^2/4)^0.5*m;

yy=(y03+y04)/2+(R^2-l^2/4)^0.5*n;

if ~(x03<=xx&&xx<=x04&&y03>=yy&&y04>=yy) errordlg('请输入第二一象限的顺圆弧');

else %第二象限的顺圆插补 xi=x03;yi=y03;

jvx=0; jvy=0;

xj=fix((xx-x03)/b);yj=fix((yy+R-y03)/b); %第二象限的计数器 m=2^j;

k=1;

while (xj>0||yj>0) if xj>0

jvx=jvx+yi-yy; end

if yj>0

jvy=jvy+xx-xi; end

flag=0;

if(jvx>m)

xj=xj-1;flag=1; xi=xi+b;

jvx=mod(jvx,m); end

if(jvy>m)

yj=yj-1;flag=1; yi=yi+b;

jvy=mod(jvy,m); end

if flag==1 XC(k)=xi; YC(k)=yi; k=k+1; end end

end

xi=xx;yi=yy+R;xii=xx;yii=yy+R; %第一象限顺圆插补 jvx=0; jvy=0;

xn=fix((x04-xx)/b);yn=fix((yy+R-y04)/b); % m=2^j;

axis auto;

while (xn>0||yn>0) if xn>0

jvx=jvx+yi-yy; end

if yn>0

jvy=jvy+xi-xx; end

flag=0; if(jvx>m)

xn=xn-1;flag=1; xi=xi+b;

jvx=mod(jvx,m); end

if(jvy>m)

yn=yn-1;flag=1; yi=yi-b;

jvy=mod(jvy,m); end

if flag==1 XC(k)=xi; YC(k)=yi; k=k+1; end

end

a=pi-atan(abs((y03-yy)/(x03-xx))); b=atan(abs((y04-yy)/(x04-xx))); alpha=b:pi/100:a; XQ=xx+R*cos(alpha); YQ=yy+R*sin(alpha);

第一象限的计数器 plot(XQ,YQ) hold on;

plot(xx,yy,'Ro'); if fla==0

fla=fla+1;

elseif fla==1

line([x03,XC(1)],[y03,YC(1)],'color','r'); fla=fla+1; elseif fla<=k-2

line([XC(fla),XC(fla+1)],[YC(fla),YC(fla+1)],'color','r'); fla=fla+1; else

errordlg('插补结束'); fla=0; end end

function buchang_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

function buchang_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end

function jcq_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

function jcq_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) if

ispc

&&

isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),

get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end

六．心得体会

本次课设是在考研结束后的一周内做完的，时间其实应该是很够的，但是由于本人不善于编程，所以最后完成得很仓促。通过这次课设，我对matlab的操作有了更深的认识，对相关函数语句还有逻辑循环套用的应用有了更深的理解。而且此次课设，让我对逐点比较法直线插补和DDA圆弧插补有了感性和理性的全面认识，对我学习数控机床这门课也有非常大的帮助。最后，遇到困难不要着急，静下心来总有解决办法~

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