29-《物理化学实验》教学大纲 doc

difficult, not hating; blueprints, not rhetoric; words and simple, but full of love, truth, passion, entrepreneurial passion. Take this opportunity, my inspirational quotes Li Dazhao's classic \se in uplifting blend with the article\a view on how to do well under the new situation of township and village leaders inspire and help, and also share with you. A good play to create iron shoulders strong arms, to assume the burden be passed; only specific qualities, will it be possible in specific areas to create a world. In my view, village chiefs in the new situation, we must first have five basic quality. One ambition is to pioneer. \h-minded can stimulate the flow of momentum to become brave and persistent, become quiet and powerful. Township and village party \ders\n their respective jurisdictions, political stability and economic and social development issues, decisions and orientation depends to a large extent because of your. Everybody in village chiefs and the positions, both the trust of the masses, the Organization's trust, more ability to you, fully affirmed the moral and other qualities. Therefore, we must always maintain thehistorical mission and social responsibility, and our ideal tree rooted in the hard work of the soil, with indomitable spirit, indomitable courage to open up a new situation of villages and towns. To have a feeling of closeness to the second. \people and country.\Our business foundation in the people's blood in the people power people. Advanced decisions of the party cadres to the feelings of the people is an eternal theme. Fan Zhong-yan, called \s\ng Banqiao's also wrote a \a Chai lay listening to the rustling of bamboo, the suspect is suffering. Cao County officials, little my, a total turn off. \n has so feelings, alone we is to\ng \s of people servant does? we more should always hold with on people of deep feelings, heart Department masses of leading visited tea, care masses of emotions thoughts complained, always insisted put masses of interests put in first, consciously from itself do up, from small do up, from masses most care, and most directly, and most reality of interests problem grabbed, real do love for people by Department, and right for people by with, and Lee for people by conspiracy to. Three with the fame of mind. \serenity not go far.\on to fame is morality, is the sublimation of the soul. As Township and village, be sure to maintain a normal state of mind, establish a correct viewpoint on power, position and values and Outlook, as fame is light like water, depending ... 50 km, also red and like hundreds of thousands of the KMT military combat, but he went on to collect a variety of newspapers and magazines, and then race against time to pore over. As long as the study of mind, it is not necessary to come to the library, workshops, into the villages, people learned farming techniques, problem-solving methods, participation in《物理化学实验》教学大纲

物理化学教研室2006年9月

一、面向专业

化学教育、应用化学 二、实验总学时及实验数

实验总学时为110～120学时，目前可进行的实验数为19个，其中，验证性实验共18个，综合性、设计性实验共1个。根据每个年级教学计划所规定的实际学时数选做16～18个实验。若总学时为110学时，则讲授实验理论30学时，实验80学时，完成16个实验；若总学时为120学时，则讲授实验理论30学时，实验90学时，完成18个实验。标有“△”的实验为选做实验。 三、实验中心（室）

物理化学基础实验室 四、实验目的

使学生初步了解物理化学的研究方法，掌握物理化学的基础实验技术和技能，学会重要的物理化学性能测定，熟悉物理化学的实验现象的观察和记录，实验条件的判断和选择，实验数据的测量和处理，实验结果的分析和归纳等一套严谨的实验方法，从而激发学生的学习兴趣，加深对物理化学基本理论的理解，增强学生综合运用物理化学知识解决实际化学问题的能力，培养学生一丝不苟的工作作风和严谨细致的科学态度。 五、实验项目

实验项目一

实验名称：恒温水浴的组装及其性能的测试

实验目的：了解恒温水浴的构造、工作原理；学会恒温水浴的装配技术，学会测绘恒温水浴的灵敏

曲线；掌握数字式贝克曼温度计的调节技术和正确使用方法。

实验类型：验证 实验学时：5学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：了解恒温水浴的构造、工作原理；学会恒温水浴的装配技术；学会测绘恒温水

浴的灵敏曲线；掌握数显贝克曼温度计使用方法。

实验仪器设备：恒温水浴槽、数显贝克曼温度计、停表。

实验项目二

实验名称：物质燃烧热测定

实验目的：使学生掌握测量反应热效应的方法，熟悉氧弹热量计实验技术，并学会贝克曼温度计的

操作方法和雷诺图解温度校正法。

实验类型：验证 实验学时：5学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：微电脑量热仪的使用；恒压热容与恒容热容的关系；氧气瓶与减压阀的使用。 实验仪器设备：计算机、氧弹卡计、放大镜、氧气钢瓶、氧气表、压片机、变压器、贝克曼温度

计。

实验项目三

实验名称：纯液体饱和蒸气压的测量 实验目的：明确纯液体饱和蒸气压的定义和两相平衡的概念，深入了解纯液体饱和蒸气压和温度的

关系；学会用等压计测定不同温度下的饱和蒸气压，初步掌握真空技术；学会用图解法求被测液体在实验温度范围内的平均摩尔汽化热与正常沸点。

实验类型：验证 实验学时：5学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：用静态法，等压计测定纯水在50、55、60、65、70℃下的饱和蒸气压。 实验仪器设备：等压计、恒温槽、真空泵、 DP-A型精密数字压力计。

实验项目四

实验名称：双液系的气液平衡相图

实验目的：绘制在PΘ下环己烷—乙醇双液体系的气—液平衡相图，了解相图和相律的基本概念；

onferences, learned superiors policies; reports, you can learn to deal with problems, art, just wanted to learn, to learn at any time. To continuously expand the scope of the study. The complexity and comprehensiveness of our work, decided to not only do we want to be \professionals\dabble in different areas of knowledge. Mastery of knowledge not only to have knowledge to rational analysis. This on requirements we, not only to learning national of route, and approach, and policy, also to learning national of legal, and regulations; not only to with political theory armed mind, also to with economic theory guide work; not only to read history, also to read history; not only to absorption SM of mirror, also to gets is of road; not only to from local learn, also to to outside learn; not only to to books learn, also to field study learn. Therefore, I would encourage you, and more to the outside world when I have time to take a look at, take a stroll, outside developments, learn other people's development approach, and then come back to guide our work. Second, we must think. \ning without thought to overshadow, thinking without learning is perilous.\nt to foster the character ofadvancing with the times, forge ahead, often reflect themselves in adapting to the new situation on whether there are delays, have anything to fear in the reform and innovation, whether in terms of accelerating the development of a relaxation, keep promising State of mind. In order to do investigations, investigations is the road to heaven, God disposes of the base. To wants to real heard truth, and justice to truth, and get truth, received effectiveness, on must in-depth actual, and outreach, and in-depth masses, worship masses for Division, and masses heart, with masses with discussion everyone care of problem, listening they of calls, understand they of mood, feel they of suffering, summary they of experience, concentrated they of wisdom, especially on masses most hope, and most urgent, and most worries, and most complained of hot, and difficulties and focus problem, more to active research, caught not put. Dare to innovate, in our work, often remain \old way doesn't work, the new approach would not\on, the reason, the key is that many people know that copying other people's ideas, mechanically, using someone else's old ways. To change this predicament, requires us to break the shackles oftraditional concepts to overcome conservative, conformist, good at finding new problems and to accept new things, summarize new experience, new ideas, developing new programmes and Maverick, a new approach to solve problems, speed up development. Especially in implement superior policy spirit of process in the, both implementation, and cannot mechanically, to to extraordinary of courage and develop nterprising of spirit, put flexibility and principle combined up, put superior of spirit and local reality combined up, Yong conspiracy to breakthrough of policy, and exercise innovation of lift, developed out development works of, and grass-roots welcomes ofdifficult, not hating; blueprints, not rhetoric; words and simple, but full of love, truth, passion, entrepreneurial passion. Take this opportunity, my inspirational quotes Li Dazhao's classic \se in uplifting blend with the article\a view on how to do well under the new situation of township and village leaders inspire and help, and also share with you. A good play to create iron shoulders strong arms, to assume the burden be passed; only specific qualities, will it be possible in specific areas to create a world. In my view, village chiefs in the new situation, we must first have five basic quality. One ambition is to pioneer. \andsome.\h-minded can stimulate the flow of momentum to become brave and persistent, become quiet and powerful. Township and village party \ders\n their respective jurisdictions, political stability and economic and social development issues, decisions and orientation depends to a large extent because of your. Everybody in village chiefs and the positions, both the trust of the masses, the Organization's trust, more ability to you, fully affirmed the moral and other qualities. Therefore, we must always maintain thehistorical mission and social responsibility, and our ideal tree rooted in the hard work of the soil, with indomitable spirit, indomitable courage to open up a new situation of villages and towns. To have a feeling of closeness to the second. \people and country.\Our business foundation in the people's blood in the people power people. Advanced decisions of the party cadres to the feelings of the people is an eternal theme. Fan Zhong-yan, called \s\ng Banqiao's also wrote a \a Chai lay listening to the rustling of bamboo, the suspect is suffering. Cao County officials, little my, a total turn off. \n has so feelings, alone we is to\ng \s of people servant does? we more should always hold with on people of deep feelings, heart Department masses of leading visited tea, care masses of emotions thoughts complained, always insisted put masses of interests put in first, consciously from itself do up, from small do up, from masses most care, and most directly, and most reality of interests problem grabbed, real do love for people by Department, and right for people by with, and Lee for people by conspiracy to. Three with the fame of mind. \serenity not go far.\on to fame is morality, is the sublimation of the soul. As Township and village, be sure to maintain a normal state of mind, establish a correct viewpoint on power, position and values and Outlook, as fame is light like water, depending ... 50 km, also red and like hundreds of thousands of the KMT military combat, but he went on to collect a variety of newspapers and magazines, and then race against time to pore over. As long as the study of mind, it is not necessary to come to the library, workshops, into the villages, people learned farming techniques, problem-solving methods, participation in掌握测定双组分液体的沸点及正常沸点的方法；掌握用折光率确定二元液体组成的方法。

实验类型：验证 实验学时：5学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：用加热回流法，用沸点测定仪测定X环为0.05、0.15、0.30、0.45、0.55、0.65、

0.80、0.95的二元双液系的沸点及气液平衡相组成。

实验仪器设备：沸点测定仪、数显阿贝折光仪、恒温槽。

实验项目五

实验名称：二组分固液相图的测绘 实验目的：用热分析法测绘铅—锡二元金属相图，了解固—液相图的基本特点；了解热电偶的制作、

标定和测温技术；掌握用微机控制测绘铅—锡二元金属的步冷曲线及相图的方法。

实验类型：验证 实验学时：6学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：用热分析法，微机控制测定含锡量为0、20%、40%、61.9%、80%、100%的二

元金属体系的步冷曲线；找出曲线上的相变信息，绘制相图。

实验仪器设备：计算机、金属相图（步冷曲线）实验加热装置、金属相图测量装置、金属相图绘

图软件。

实验项目六

实验名称：旋光法测定蔗糖转化反应的速率常数

实验目的：了解该反应的反应物浓度与旋光度之间的关系；了解旋光仪的基本原理，掌握旋光仪的

正确使用方法；掌握测定蔗糖转化反应的速率常数和半衰期

实验类型：验证 实验学时：5学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：测定蔗糖转化反应过程旋光度，计算蔗糖转化反应的速率常数。 实验仪器设备：旋光仪、恒温箱、恒温槽。

实验项目七

实验名称：电导法测定乙酸的电离常数

实验目的：学会用图解法测算有关物理常数的基本方法；掌握电导率仪的使用方法；掌握用电导法

测定乙酸的电离平衡常数。

实验类型：验证 实验学时：5学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：使用电导率仪测量乙酸的电导率，并计算乙酸的电离平衡常数。 实验仪器设备：恒温水浴槽、电导率仪。

实验项目八

实验名称：电导法测定乙酸乙酯皂化反应的速率常数

实验目的：了解二级反应的特点，学会用图解计算法求取二级反应的速率常数；掌握电导仪的使用

方法；掌握用电导法测定乙酸乙酯皂化反应速率常数；了解反应活化能的测定方法。

实验类型：验证 实验学时：5学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：调节电导率仪，测量乙酸乙酯的电导率值，用图解法求出乙酸乙酯皂化反应的

速度常数。

实验仪器设备：电导率仪、恒温槽、秒表。

实验项目九

实验名称：丙酮碘化反应的速率方程

实验目的：掌握用孤立法确定反应级数的方法；测定酸催化下丙酮碘化反映的速率常数；掌握分光

光度计和反应样品池的使用方法；加深对复杂反应特征的理解。

实验类型：验证 实验学时：5学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：用物理分析法和孤立法，测定实验温度下四个不同浓度的酸催化丙酮碘化反应

体系的级数和速率常数。

实验仪器设备：721型分光光度计、停表。

实验项目十

实验名称：镍在硫酸溶液中的钝化行为

onferences, learned superiors policies; reports, you can learn to deal with problems, art, just wanted to learn, to learn at any time. To continuously expand the scope of the study. The complexity and comprehensiveness of our work, decided to not only do we want to be \professionals\dabble in different areas of knowledge. Mastery of knowledge not only to have knowledge to rational analysis. This on requirements we, not only to learning national of route, and approach, and policy, also to learning national of legal, and regulations; not only to with political theory armed mind, also to with economic theory guide work; not only to read history, also to read history; not only to absorption SM of mirror, also to gets is of road; not only to from local learn, also to to outside learn; not only to to books learn, also to field study learn. Therefore, I would encourage you, and more to the outside world when I have time to take a look at, take a stroll, outside developments, learn other people's development approach, and then come back to guide our work. Second, we must think. \ning without thought to overshadow, thinking without learning is perilous.\nt to foster the character ofadvancing with the times, forge ahead, often reflect themselves in adapting to the new situation on whether there are delays, have anything to fear in the reform and innovation, whether in terms of accelerating the development of a relaxation, keep promising State of mind. In order to do investigations, investigations is the road to heaven, God disposes of the base. To wants to real heard truth, and justice to truth, and get truth, received effectiveness, on must in-depth actual, and outreach, and in-depth masses, worship masses for Division, and masses heart, with masses with discussion everyone care of problem, listening they of calls, understand they of mood, feel they of suffering, summary they of experience, concentrated they of wisdom, especially on masses most hope, and most urgent, and most worries, and most complained of hot, and difficulties and focus problem, more to active research, caught not put. Dare to innovate, in our work, often remain \old way doesn't work, the new approach would not\on, the reason, the key is that many people know that copying other people's ideas, mechanically, using someone else's old ways. To change this predicament, requires us to break the shackles oftraditional concepts to overcome conservative, conformist, good at finding new problems and to accept new things, summarize new experience, new ideas, developing new programmes and Maverick, a new approach to solve problems, speed up development. Especially in implement superior policy spirit of process in the, both implementation, and cannot mechanically, to to extraordinary of courage and develop enterprising of spirit, put flexibility and principle combined up, put superior of spirit and local reality combined up, Yong conspiracy to breakthrough of policy, and exercise innovation of lift, developed out development works of, and grass-roots welcomes of.

实验目的：测定镍在硫酸溶液中的恒电势的极化曲线及其钝化电势，了解金属钝化行为的原理和测

量方法。

实验类型：验证 实验学时：5学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：用电化学分析法，测定镍在硫酸溶液中的恒电势的极化曲线及其钝化电势。 实验仪器设备：恒电位仪、微机测定处理装置，铂电极。

实验项目十一

实验名称：原电池电动势的测定 实验目的：测定Cu-Zn电池的电动势和Cu、Zn电极的电极电势；学会一些电极的制备和处理方法；

掌握电位差计的测量原理和正确的使用方法。

实验类型：验证 实验学时：5学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：处理、制备Cu、Zn电极，用电位差计测定原电池的电动势及Cu、Zn电极的电

极电势。

实验仪器设备：UJ-25型电位差计、电镀装置、饱和甘汞电极、Cu、Zn电极、电极管。

实验项目十二

实验名称：最大泡压法测定溶液的表面张力

实验目的：了解表面张力的性质，表面自由能的意义及表面张力和吸附的关系；测定不同浓度正丁

醇水溶液的表面张力，计算表面吸附量和正丁醇分子的横截面积；掌握最大泡压法测定表面张力的原理和技术。

实验类型：验证 实验学时：5学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：配制丁醇浓度为0.02%、0.05%、0.10%、0.15%、0.20%的溶液，用最大泡压法

分别测定它们的表面张力。

实验仪器设备：表面张力仪、减压瓶、精密压力计、恒温槽、停表。

△实验项目十三

实验名称：金属极化曲线的测定及应用（已认定） 实验目的：学习和掌握金属钝化的原理和实验技术，设计金属在不同溶液中的腐蚀实验并研究其腐

蚀电流密度，学会处理电极表面，了解表面状态对钝化曲线的影响，了解极化曲线的意义和应用

实验类型：设计 实验学时：6学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：根据物理化学实验项目的要求，设计金属在不同溶液中的腐蚀实验，科学的选

择实验方法，实验方案，合理的选用、组合、安装实验仪器与装置，

实验仪器设备：电化学工作站、电极、电化学工作站软件、计算机、电解槽、超声波清洗器。

实验项目十四

实验名称：电泳

实验目的：掌握电泳法测定ζ电势的原理和技术；加深了解电泳是胶体中的固相粒子在外加电场的

作用下相对移动而产生的电性现象。

实验类型：验证 实验学时：5学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：用水解凝聚法制备Fe(OH)3胶体，在外加电场的作用下测定Fe(OH)3的ζ电势。 实验仪器设备：电泳仪、电泳管、停表。

实验项目十五

实验名称：粘度法测量高聚物分子量 实验目的：掌握用乌贝路德粘度计测定粘度的原理和方法；掌握测定聚乙二醇的平均相对分子质量

的方法。

实验类型：验证 实验学时：5学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：使用乌贝路德粘度计测量聚乙二醇的平均相对分子质量。 实验仪器设备：恒温水浴槽、乌贝路德粘度计、砂芯漏斗、水抽气泵。

实验项目十六

.

difficult, not hating; blueprints, not rhetoric; words and simple, but full of love, truth, passion, entrepreneurial passion. Take this opportunity, my inspirational quotes Li Dazhao's classic \se in uplifting blend with the article\a view on how to do well under the new situation of township and village leaders inspire and help, and also share with you. A good play to create iron shoulders strong arms, to assume the burden be passed; only specific qualities, will it be possible in specific areas to create a world. In my view, village chiefs in the new situation, we must first have five basic quality. One ambition is to pioneer. \andsome.\h-minded can stimulate the flow of momentum to become brave and persistent, become quiet and powerful. Township and village party \ders\n their respective jurisdictions, political stability and economic and social development issues, decisions and orientation depends to a large extent because of your. Everybody in village chiefs and the positions, both the trust of the masses, the Organization's trust, more ability to you, fully affirmed the moral and other qualities. Therefore, we must always maintain thehistorical mission and social responsibility, and our ideal tree rooted in the hard work of the soil, with indomitable spirit, indomitable courage to open up a new situation of villages and towns. To have a feeling of closeness to the second. \people and country.\Our business foundation in the people's blood in the people power people. Advanced decisions of the party cadres to the feelings of the people is an eternal theme. Fan Zhong-yan, called \s\ng Banqiao's also wrote a \a Chai lay listening to the rustling of bamboo, the suspect is suffering. Cao County officials, little my, a total turn off. \n has so feelings, alone we is to\ng \s of people servant does? we more should always hold with on people of deep feelings, heart Department masses of leading visited tea, care masses of emotions thoughts complained, always insisted put masses of interests put in first, consciously from itself do up, from small do up, from masses most care, and most directly, and most reality of interests problem grabbed, real do love for people by Department, and right for people by with, and Lee for people by conspiracy to. Three with the fame of mind. \serenity not go far.\on to fame is morality, is the sublimation of the soul. As Township and village, be sure to maintain a normal state of mind, establish a correct viewpoint on power, position and values and Outlook, as fame is light like water, depending ... 50 km, also red and like hundreds of thousands of the KMT military combat, but he went on to collect a variety of newspapers and magazines, and then race against time to pore over. As long as the study of mind, it is not necessary to come to the library, workshops, into the villages, people learned farming techniques, problem-solving methods, participation in实验名称：络合物的磁化率测定 实验目的：掌握古埃法磁天平测定物质磁化率的基本原理和试验方法；掌握络合物磁化率的测定方

法，推算其不成对电子数，判断该分子的配键情况。

实验类型：验证 实验学时：5学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：测定磁场两极中心处磁场强度及莫尔氏盐的摩尔磁化率。 实验仪器设备：古埃磁天平、高斯计、电子天平。

实验项目十七

实验名称：铁氰化钾在玻碳（金、铂）电极上的氧化还原 实验目的：使学生掌握氧化还原反应的测量方法，熟悉电化学工作站的工作原理及掌握电极的使用

方法，学会电化学测试软件的使用及数据处理。

实验类型：综合 实验学时：5学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：工作、辅助、参比三电极体系的安装；用电化学工作站测定铁氰化钾在玻碳电

极上的氧化还原反应；通过循环伏安曲线的测定找出氧化电位和还原电位。

实验仪器设备：电化学工作站、电极、电化学工作软件、电脑。

△实验项目十八

实验名称：分子结构的优化

实验目的：根据分子结构的优化要求，自行选取一个已知或未知的分子进行结构优化 实验类型：设计 实验学时：5学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：熟悉分子结构优化的输入文件格式、及对应的输出文件格式；懂得分子坐标的

获取方法；了解结构优化时计算的具体内容；学会阅读优化的分子结构信息。

实验仪器设备：计算机、Gaussian03和GaussView程序。

△实验项目十九

实验名称：Gaussian03程序的使用

实验目的：掌握Gaussian03程序的基本功能及使用方法

实验类型：验证 实验学时：6学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：了解Gaussian03程序如何实现理论方法在实际体系中的应用；掌握启动、关闭

Gaussian03程序的正确方法、熟悉Gaussian03、程序的主界面；了解Gaussian03的主要功能；了解Gaussian03程序输入、输出文件的格式及其基本内容。

实验仪器设备：计算机和Gaussian03程序。

△实验项目二十

实验名称：CH2=CH-OH异构化反应过渡态的搜索

实验目的：通过分子结构优化方法，研究CH2=CH-OH异构化反应的机理 实验类型：设计 实验学时：8学时 每组人数：2-3人

实验内容及方法：利用GaussView程序构造设想的反应物、产物分子，并进行结构优化；然后再反

应物与产物之间搜索CH2=CH-OH异构化反应的过渡态，并通过GaussView程序考察反应过渡态的结构特征；计算反应的活化能，评价反应的难以程度。

实验仪器设备：计算机、Gaussian03和GaussView程序。

△实验项目二十一

实验名称：镍催化剂对苯催化加氢的活性评价—气相色谱法 实验目的：应用脉冲式微型反应器和气相色谱分析法，测定苯在镍催化剂上加氢反应的转化率和选

择性，从而评价催化剂的活性。

实验类型：验证 实验学时：7学时 每组人数：3-5人

实验内容及方法：制备60~80目的镍催化剂，脉冲进样注入苯，用气相色谱分析计算苯的转化率

和选择性。

实验仪器设备：GD-14型岛津气相色谱、聚乙二醇400色谱柱、微量进样器、高压氢气、高压氮

气。

onferences, learned superiors policies; reports, you can learn to deal with problems, art, just wanted to learn, to learn at any time. To continuously expand the scope of the study. The complexity and comprehensiveness of our work, decided to not only do we want to be \professionals\dabble in different areas of knowledge. Mastery of knowledge not only to have knowledge to rational analysis. This on requirements we, not only to learning national of route, and approach, and policy, also to learning national of legal, and regulations; not only to with political theory armed mind, also to with economic theory guide work; not only to read history, also to read history; not only to absorption SM of mirror, also to gets is of road; not only to from local learn, also to to outside learn; not only to to books learn, also to field study learn. Therefore, I would encourage you, and more to the outside world when I have time to take a look at, take a stroll, outside developments, learn other people's development approach, and then come back to guide our work. Second, we must think. \ning without thought to overshadow, thinking without learning is perilous.\nt to foster the character ofadvancing with the times, forge ahead, often reflect themselves in adapting to the new situation on whether there are delays, have anything to fear in the reform and innovation, whether in terms of accelerating the development of a relaxation, keep promising State of mind. In order to do investigations, investigations is the road to heaven, God disposes of the base. To wants to real heard truth, and justice to truth, and get truth, received effectiveness, on must in-depth actual, and outreach, and in-depth masses, worship masses for Division, and masses heart, with masses with discussion everyone care of problem, listening they of calls, understand they of mood, feel they of suffering, summary they of experience, concentrated they of wisdom, especially on masses most hope, and most urgent, and most worries, and most complained of hot, and difficulties and focus problem, more to active research, caught not put. Dare to innovate, in our work, often remain \old way doesn't work, the new approach would not\on, the reason, the key is that many people know that copying other people's ideas, mechanically, using someone else's old ways. To change this predicament, requires us to break the shackles oftraditional concepts to overcome conservative, conformist, good at finding new problems and to accept new things, summarize new experience, new ideas, developing new programmes and Maverick, a new approach to solve problems, speed up development. Especially in implement superior policy spirit of process in the, both implementation, and cannot mechanically, to to extraordinary of courage and develop enterprising of spirit, put flexibility and principle combined up, put superior of spirit and local reality combined up, Yong conspiracy to breakthrough of policy, and exercise innovation of lift, developed out development works of, and grass-roots welcomes of.

六、实验教材、讲义与参考书

实验教材：山东大学、山东师大合编《基础化学实验（III）——物理化学实验》 （化学工业出版

社2004年6月出版）

实验讲义：《物理化学实验指导书》自编

实验参考书：北京大学物理化学教研室编《物理化学实验》

复旦大学主编《物理化学实验》

清华大学物理化学实验编写组《物理化学实验》 四川大学化工学院编《物理化学实验》

七、实验考核办法

（一）平时成绩（70%） A级：

实验预习：

自学有关实验理论内容，结合课本和讲义初步掌握实验目的、原理、步骤及注意事项，写好实验预习报告。

能在脱离课本和讲义的情况下复述实验操作步骤。

实验过程：

按时上实验课，实验过程中不随意离开，操作准确无误、在规定时间内完成实验。 每个小组有独立的实验记录本，按要求记录实验原始数据。

实验过程中保持桌面整洁，实验结束后认真清理实验桌面及认真打扫实验室卫生。

实验报告：

书写认真、整洁，报告的栏头书写正确；

有实验注意事项、必须的原始数据记录及实验数据； 实验数据的列表格式正确、整洁；

实验数据的作图格式正确、整洁，有较高的作图技术； 有数据处理的简明计算过程，过程正确； 能具体针对自己本次实验结果展开误差分析； 实验结果比较准确，相对误差? 5%； 思考题解答正确。

B级：

在A级的要求中，如果存在以下问题之一，则评分等级为B： 没有完成实验预习，其他要求均达到；

除比较特殊的实验外，实验误差在5%～10%，其他要求均达到； 表格或图形形式不完整或出现错误，其他要求均达到； 计算过程出现错误，其他要求均达到。

C级：

在A级的要求中，如果存在以下问题之一，则评分等级为C：

没有完成实验预习，操作出现错误不能独立完成实验，其他要求均达到； 除比较特殊的实验外，实验误差在10%～20%，其他要求均达到。

.

difficult, not hating; blueprints, not rhetoric; words and simple, but full of love, truth, passion, entrepreneurial passion. Take this opportunity, my inspirational quotes Li Dazhao's classic \se in uplifting blend with the article\a view on how to do well under the new situation of township and village leaders inspire and help, and also share with you. A good play to create iron shoulders strong arms, to assume the burden be passed; only specific qualities, will it be possible in specific areas to create a world. In my view, village chiefs in the new situation, we must first have five basic quality. One ambition is to pioneer. \andsome.\h-minded can stimulate the flow of momentum to become brave and persistent, become quiet and powerful. Township and village party \ders\n their respective jurisdictions, political stability and economic and social development issues, decisions and orientation depends to a large extent because of your. Everybody in village chiefs and the positions, both the trust of the masses, the Organization's trust, more ability to you, fully affirmed the moral and other qualities. Therefore, we must always maintain thehistorical mission and social responsibility, and our ideal tree rooted in the hard work of the soil, with indomitable spirit, indomitable courage to open up a new situation of villages and towns. To have a feeling of closeness to the second. \people and country.\Our business foundation in the people's blood in the people power people. Advanced decisions of the party cadres to the feelings of the people is an eternal theme. Fan Zhong-yan, called \s\ng Banqiao's also wrote a \a Chai lay listening to the rustling of bamboo, the suspect is suffering. Cao County officials, little my, a total turn off. \n has so feelings, alone we is to\ng \s of people servant does? we more should always hold with on people of deep feelings, heart Department masses of leading visited tea, care masses of emotions thoughts complained, always insisted put masses of interests put in first, consciously from itself do up, from small do up, from masses most care, and most directly, and most reality of interests problem grabbed, real do love for people by Department, and right for people by with, and Lee for people by conspiracy to. Three with the fame of mind. \serenity not go far.\on to fame is morality, is the sublimation of the soul. As Township and village, be sure to maintain a normal state of mind, establish a correct viewpoint on power, position and values and Outlook, as fame is light like water, depending ... 50 km, also red and like hundreds of thousands of the KMT military combat, but he went on to collect a variety of newspapers and magazines, and then race against time to pore over. As long as the study of mind, it is not necessary to come to the library, workshops, into the villages, people learned farming techniques, problem-solving methods, participation inD级：（不及格）

实验评级达不到C，且实验时间超时，不能在下午6时以前完成实验。

（二）考试（30%）

1、在平时成绩合格的情况下，才能参加实验考试；

2、平时成绩不合格或实验考试不合格者，实验成绩记为不合格；

3、考试内容包括本学期部分实验的基本原理、全部实验操作、相关注意事项及思考题的相关内容。 4、考试方式：实验操作、笔试。

onferences, learned superiors policies; reports, you can learn to deal with problems, art, just wanted to learn, to learn at any time. To continuously expand the scope of the study. The complexity and comprehensiveness of our work, decided to not only do we want to be \professionals\dabble in different areas of knowledge. Mastery of knowledge not only to have knowledge to rational analysis. This on requirements we, not only to learning national of route, and approach, and policy, also to learning national of legal, and regulations; not only to with political theory armed mind, also to with economic theory guide work; not only to read history, also to read history; not only to absorption SM of mirror, also to gets is of road; not only to from local learn, also to to outside learn; not only to to books learn, also to field study learn. Therefore, I would encourage you, and more to the outside world when I have time to take a look at, take a stroll, outside developments, learn other people's development approach, and then come back to guide our work. Second, we must think. \ning without thought to overshadow, thinking without learning is perilous.\nt to foster the character ofadvancing with the times, forge ahead, often reflect themselves in adapting to the new situation on whether there are delays, have anything to fear in the reform and innovation, whether in terms of accelerating the development of a relaxation, keep promising State of mind. In order to do investigations, investigations is the road to heaven, God disposes of the base. To wants to real heard truth, and justice to truth, and get truth, received effectiveness, on must in-depth actual, and outreach, and in-depth masses, worship masses for Division, and masses heart, with masses with discussion everyone care of problem, listening they of calls, understand they of mood, feel they of suffering, summary they of experience, concentrated they of wisdom, especially on masses most hope, and most urgent, and most worries, and most complained of hot, and difficulties and focus problem, more to active research, caught not put. Dare to innovate, in our work, often remain \old way doesn't work, the new approach would not\on, the reason, the key is that many people know that copying other people's ideas, mechanically, using someone else's old ways. To change this predicament, requires us to break the shackles oftraditional concepts to overcome conservative, conformist, good at finding new problems and to accept new things, summarize new experience, new ideas, developing new programmes and Maverick, a new approach to solve problems, speed up development. Especially in implement superior policy spirit of process in the, both implementation, and cannot mechanically, to to extraordinary of courage and develop enterprising of spirit, put flexibility and principle combined up, put superior of spirit and local reality combined up, Yong conspiracy to breakthrough of policy, and exercise innovation of lift, developed out development works of, and grass-roots welcomes of

difficult, not hating; blueprints, not rhetoric; words and simple, but full of love, truth, passion, entrepreneurial passion. Take this opportunity, my inspirational quotes Li Dazhao's classic \se in uplifting blend with the article\a view on how to do well under the new situation of township and village leaders inspire and help, and also share with you. A good play to create iron shoulders strong arms, to assume the burden be passed; only specific qualities, will it be possible in specific areas to create a world. In my view, village chiefs in the new situation, we must first have five basic quality. One ambition is to pioneer. \andsome.\h-minded can stimulate the flow of momentum to become brave and persistent, become quiet and powerful. Township and village party \ders\n their respective jurisdictions, political stability and economic and social development issues, decisions and orientation depends to a large extent because of your. Everybody in village chiefs and the positions, both the trust of the masses, the Organization's trust, more ability to you, fully affirmed the moral and other qualities. Therefore, we must always maintain thehistorical mission and social responsibility, and our ideal tree rooted in the hard work of the soil, with indomitable spirit, indomitable courage to open up a new situation of villages and towns. To have a feeling of closeness to the second. \people and country.\Our business foundation in the people's blood in the people power people. Advanced decisions of the party cadres to the feelings of the people is an eternal theme. Fan Zhong-yan, called \s\ng Banqiao's also wrote a \a Chai lay listening to the rustling of bamboo, the suspect is suffering. Cao County officials, little my, a total turn off. \n has so feelings, alone we is to\ng \s of people servant does? we more should always hold with on people of deep feelings, heart Department masses of leading visited tea, care masses of emotions thoughts complained, always insisted put masses of interests put in first, consciously from itself do up, from small do up, from masses most care, and most directly, and most reality of interests problem grabbed, real do love for people by Department, and right for people by with, and Lee for people by conspiracy to. Three with the fame of mind. \serenity not go far.\on to fame is morality, is the sublimation of the soul. As Township and village, be sure to maintain a normal state of mind, establish a correct viewpoint on power, position and values and Outlook, as fame is light like water, depending ... 50 km, also red and like hundreds of thousands of the KMT military combat, but he went on to collect a variety of newspapers and magazines, and then race against time to pore over. As long as the study of mind, it is not necessary to come to the library, workshops, into the villages, people learned farming techniques, problem-solving methods, participation inD级：（不及格）

实验评级达不到C，且实验时间超时，不能在下午6时以前完成实验。

（二）考试（30%）

1、在平时成绩合格的情况下，才能参加实验考试；

2、平时成绩不合格或实验考试不合格者，实验成绩记为不合格；

3、考试内容包括本学期部分实验的基本原理、全部实验操作、相关注意事项及思考题的相关内容。 4、考试方式：实验操作、笔试。

onferences, learned superiors policies; reports, you can learn to deal with problems, art, just wanted to learn, to learn at any time. To continuously expand the scope of the study. The complexity and comprehensiveness of our work, decided to not only do we want to be \professionals\dabble in different areas of knowledge. Mastery of knowledge not only to have knowledge to rational analysis. This on requirements we, not only to learning national of route, and approach, and policy, also to learning national of legal, and regulations; not only to with political theory armed mind, also to with economic theory guide work; not only to read history, also to read history; not only to absorption SM of mirror, also to gets is of road; not only to from local learn, also to to outside learn; not only to to books learn, also to field study learn. Therefore, I would encourage you, and more to the outside world when I have time to take a look at, take a stroll, outside developments, learn other people's development approach, and then come back to guide our work. Second, we must think. \ning without thought to overshadow, thinking without learning is perilous.\nt to foster the character ofadvancing with the times, forge ahead, often reflect themselves in adapting to the new situation on whether there are delays, have anything to fear in the reform and innovation, whether in terms of accelerating the development of a relaxation, keep promising State of mind. In order to do investigations, investigations is the road to heaven, God disposes of the base. To wants to real heard truth, and justice to truth, and get truth, received effectiveness, on must in-depth actual, and outreach, and in-depth masses, worship masses for Division, and masses heart, with masses with discussion everyone care of problem, listening they of calls, understand they of mood, feel they of suffering, summary they of experience, concentrated they of wisdom, especially on masses most hope, and most urgent, and most worries, and most complained of hot, and difficulties and focus problem, more to active research, caught not put. Dare to innovate, in our work, often remain \old way doesn't work, the new approach would not\on, the reason, the key is that many people know that copying other people's ideas, mechanically, using someone else's old ways. To change this predicament, requires us to break the shackles oftraditional concepts to overcome conservative, conformist, good at finding new problems and to accept new things, summarize new experience, new ideas, developing new programmes and Maverick, a new approach to solve problems, speed up development. Especially in implement superior policy spirit of process in the, both implementation, and cannot mechanically, to to extraordinary of courage and develop enterprising of spirit, put flexibility and principle combined up, put superior of spirit and local reality combined up, Yong conspiracy to breakthrough of policy, and exercise innovation of lift, developed out development works of, and grass-roots welcomes of

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