高英二第一课教案 - 图文

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编 号： 1 课时安排： 12 学时 题目（教学章、节或主题）： Lesson 3 Pub Talk and the King’s English 教学目的要求（包括知识与能力两个方面）： 教学课型：理论课√ 实验课□ 习题课√ 实践课□ 其它□ History of the English Language Other Background Information Comprehension of the Text 教学重点、难点： Background Information History of the English Language 教学方式、手段、媒介： 教师讲授与师生互动讨论相结合。 教科书、多媒体、音像. 教学过程：（含引入新课、中间组织教学以及如何启发思维等） Ⅰ. Background Information 1. English Pub 酒馆 1．1 The public house—known as the pub or the local—is center of social life for a large number of people (especially men) in Britain. Pubs, besides offering a wide variety of alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks and providing (in increasing numbers) hot and cold food, serve as places for meeting friends and for entertainment. Many have, for instance, television sets, amusement machines and juke-boxes (自动电唱机）and provide facilities for playing darts（镖）, billiards（台球）, dominoes（西洋骨牌）?d?m??n?? and similar games. Some also employ musicians for evening entertainment, such as piano playing, folk singing and modern jazz. 1．2 Pub cf. Bar 酒吧 Pub: pub house. Br. E. fml. A building, not a club or hotel, where alcohol may be bought and drunk during fixed hours 酒馆 Bar: a place with a counter where alcohol, drinks, or a particular kind of food are served 酒吧间，吧台 e.g. a bar in the hotel 2．The King’s English Supposedly correct or standard English (especially British English) as to grammar and pronunciation. It is so called from the notion of royal sanction同意，许可. When the ruling monarch is a queen, it is called the Queen’s English. 3. History of the English Language The English language belongs to the western sub-branch of the Germanic d???m?n?k日耳曼语branch of the Indo-European family of languages. (1) Old English the Invasion of Saxons and Angles and Jutes around the fifth century AD, the Celts凯尔特人 Old English loosely resembles some coastal dialects in what are now northwest Germany and the Netherlands (i.e., Frisia). Germanic-speaking peoples from northwest Germany (Saxons and Angles) and Jutland (Jutes) invaded what is now known as Eastern England around the fifth century AD. It is a matter of debate whether the Old English language spread by displacement of the original population, or the native Celts gradually adopted the language and culture of a new ruling class, or a combination of both of these processes (see Sub-Roman Britain). Whatever their origin, these Germanic dialects eventually coalesced 联合，合并to a degree (there remained geographical variation) and formed what is today called Old English. Old English loosely resembles some coastal dialects in what are now northwest Germany and the Netherlands (i.e., Frisia [荷兰·德国] 弗里西亚 ). As Chinese belongs to the Sino-- Tibetan Family and English to the Indo -- EuropeanFamily 从语源上看,汉英相去甚远,两种语言最大的差异是汉字英词。 汉语和英语分属汉藏和印欧语系。 PPT: Old English Lettering Alphabet Stencils ?stens?l] 蜡纸； 模板； 用模板印出的文字或图案 (2) Middle English The Norman Conquest of England in 1066 profoundly influenced the evolution of the language. For about 300 years after this, the Normans used Anglo-Norman, which was close to Old French, as the language of the court, law and administration. By the fourteenth century, Anglo-Norman borrowings had contributed roughly 10,000 words to English, of which 75% remain in use. These include many words pertaining to the legal and administrative fields, but also include common words for food, such as mutton[7] and beef.[8] The Norman influence gave rise to 引起 what is now referred to as Middle English. PPT. The Norman Conquest (3) Modern English Later, during the English Renaissance, Greek and Latin words began to enter it in 2

the 15th century, and Modern English is usually dated from 1500. PPT: Shakespeare, the Queen 4. Henry Fairlie (1924 - 1990) a British journalist for The Spectator旁观者, which he joined in 1955. He coined the term The Establishment权势集团 in his column in The Spectator on 23 September, 1955. Fairlie wrote: By the \—though they are certainly part of it—but rather the whole matrix of official and social relations within which power is exercised. The exercise of power in Britain (more specifically, in England) cannot be understood unless it is recognised that it is exercised socially. \elite and the structures of society which they control. Ⅱ. About the Text (an exposition) 1. Thesis statement: Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities. (para.1) 2. Division of the Text: Part I (Pars. 1-3): General ideas about what is and what makes a good conversation Part II (Pars. 4-11): Illustration of a good conversation on “the king’s English” Part Ⅲ (Pars. 12-17): Reflections on history and the meaning of the King’s English, as well as the author’s love for dictionaries Part Ⅳ(Pars. 18-21): Reiterate the charm of pub talk (conversation) 3. Loose organization 3.1 The title of the piece is not very aptly chosen. It misleads the readers into thinking that the writer is going to demonstrate some intrinsic in?trinsik 固有的， 内在的， 本质的or linguistic relationship between pub talk and the king’s English. Whereas the writer, in reality, is discoursing on what makes good conversation. He feels that the bar conversation in a pub has a charm of its own and illustrates his point by describing the charming conversation he had with some people one evening in a pub on the topic ”the King’s English”. “The Art of Good Conversation”—maybe a better title for this piece. 3.2 Abrupt transitional paragraph: Par. 5—passing from a general discourse on good conversation to a particular instance of it: a bit abrupt 3

3.3 digressions: his reflections on history an the meaning of the “King’s English”, his love for dictionaries, and the salons of 18th century Paris a message that departs from the main subject 3.4 an abundance of simple and idiomatic expressions side by side with copious ?k??pi:?s literary and historical allusions. –The author deliberately wrote the piece in a conversational style to suit his theme. III. Detailed Study of the Text 1． 1.1 Part Ⅰ: (Pars. 1-3) the charm of conversation Questions (1) According to the author, what are the difference between human beings and animals? The animals do not converse with each other. (2) What does the charm of conversation lie in? ? ? ? --no fixed topic, staring from nowhere and going nowhere, no point to make --there is no winning or losing in conversation, for conversation is not for persuading others to accept our idea or point of view. --conversation-mates are not intimates, not deeply involved in each other’s lives. (3) Why is the person who has something to say the enemy of good conversation? Because under such circumstances a conversation may turn to a monologue. ?m?n?l?ɡ] If you refer to a long speech by one person during a conversation as a monologue, you mean it prevents other people from talking or expressing their opinions. (4) What ruins a good conversation? --try to make a point, to win an argument 1.2 Words and Expressions ? Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities. --More than other human activities, conversation helps to promote an agreeable, pleasant relationship among people. 人类的一切活动中，只有闲谈最宜于增进友谊. ? Indulge: v. to allow oneself or someone else to have or do what they want 沉溺于(纵情于,放任,纵容,尽情享受) 4

(1) Don't always indulge in empty talk. 别总是纸上谈兵。 (2) This is no time to indulge in sarcasm. 现在可不是一味讽刺挖苦的时候。 (3) I must ask the readers' kind indulgence for any inaccuracies and omissions that may possibly occur. 我必须请求读者原谅可能出现的错误和疏漏。 (4) We are sorry indeed that you have been troubled and we asked your indulgence. 如此叨扰，甚感抱歉，务请原谅为荷。（公函套语） Indulgent adj. 溺爱的，宽容的。 (5) They are indulgent parents. 他们对子女很纵容。 (6) be indulgent of other’s shortcomings对……宽大为怀 ? The charm of conversation is that it does not really start from anywhere. 闲谈的引人人胜之处就在于它没有一个事先定好的话题。 The conversation is attractive because it does not need a special topic to start a conversation. ? …as it meanders or leaps an sparkles or just glows它时而迂回流淌，时而奔腾起伏，时而火花四射，时而热情洋溢 Metaphor. Compare the conversation to “a stream”, “fire”. meander (v.) mi:??nd? : wander aimlessly or idly；ramble漫步；闲逛 Leap: to flow swiftly, joyously Sparkle: to burn brightly, throwing off sparkles Glow: to burn steadily without flame ? There is no winning in conversation. 闲聊之中是不存在什么输赢胜负的。 In a conversation, one doesn’t try to prove oneself right and the others wrong. ? conversationalist (n.) : a person who converses；esp. one who enjoys and is skilled at conversation交谈者；(尤指)健谈者 ? anecdote (n.) ??nikd?ut: a short，entertaining account of some happening，usually personal or biographical轶事，逸事 He told me some anecdotes about our English teacher. 他告诉我几个关于英语老师的掌故。 ? in a flash: in a bat of an eye ? Upbringing: hyperbole. the training an education received while growing up Here: one who spends so much time in English pubs, a pub frequenter ? The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern. : It is not a matter of interest/ importance if… On the rocks: metaphor. compare marriage to a ship wrecked on the rocks. break up. 5

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