07级模板论文

Graduation Paper for the Bachelor Degree

The Influence of Cultural Context on

Translation

Candidate: Fan Xiaoxue Supervisor: Huang Tieju

Academic Degree Applied for: Bachelor of Arts in English Speciality: English

Date of Oral Examination: June, 2010

University: The Far East Institute of Harbin University of

Science and Technology

哈 尔 滨 理 工 大 学 远 东 学 院

毕 题 目 ：文化语境对翻译的影响院、 系 ：外姓 名 ：樊指导教师 ：黄系 主 任 ：黄

业 设

语 系 晓 雪 铁 聚 铁 聚

2010年6月13日

计

哈尔滨理工大学远东学院学士学位论文 摘 要

长久以来，翻译都成为语言学习中的一个重大课题。当代中外学者都试图给翻译下更

为科学的定义。张培基等在《英汉翻译教程》一书的绪论中下的定义是：“翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思想内容准确而完整地表达出来的语言活动。”因此，翻译活动必须建立在两种语言的基础之上。单纯地研究一种语言的活动就不能称之为翻译。这样一来，为了准确而完整地表达源语言的内容，语境的研究的应运而生。

语境是指语言使用的环境即“语言环境”，是语言交际的基础。然而，到目前为止，关于语境的定义，如何分类，不同的学术流派、不同的语言学家的看法各异。本文着重将文化语境对翻译的作用作为中心问题加以详细的论述，首先总结了国内外学者对语境的研究成果，然后尝试对文化语境进行详细研究，进而从四个具体方面对文化语境对翻译的影响作具体阐述。故译者在翻译中不仅要从语言因素方面去理解原文的意义，即忠实原文，而且还要从文化语境因素方面去深究原文的确切含义，只有如此，才有可能翻译出最贴近原文意义的译文，实现翻译的目的一一再现原文的意义与风格。

总之，本文在理论上，总结了前人对语境的研究成果，进一步深化对语境理论的理解。实践上，将语境的研究付诸于翻译实践，使译者在翻译过程中注重文化语境的影响，以期奉献出更完美的译文。

关键词：翻译; 语境；文化语境

I

哈尔滨理工大学远东学院学士学位论文 Abstract

For centuries, translation has been a major issue in language study. The modern scholars have all made attempts on the scientific definition of translation. Zhang Peiji, in the introduction of his book A Course in English-Chinese Translation, gives his definition of translation as “translation is a language activity which conveys the meaning from one language to another with full and accurate expressions”. Thus, this activity must rely on at least two languages, and the only research on a single language can not be called translation. In this way, in order to gain an overall content of source language, the study of context emerges as times require.

Context, which is language environment, is the basis of language communication. But as for the definition and the classification of context, different schools and different linguists hold various views. The thesis concentrates the influence of cultural context on translation as the main issue and expounds it in detail. Firstly, this paper summarizes the achievements of context at home and abroad. Then it makes an exhaustive study of cultural context. At last, the author states cultural context from four aspects respectively. So in translating the translator should not only understand the meanings of the original from the linguistic aspects but also go into the accurate connotations seriously from the cultural context aspects. Only in this way can a translator offer the most appropriate work to realize the aim of translation --- reappearance of the meaning and style of the original.

To summarize, in theory, the thesis makes a conclusion of the achievements of the predecessors, and has a further understanding of the contextual theory, also in practice, the author puts the context study into the translation practice to make the translator pay more attention to cultural context factors in translating in order to ensure perfect reappearance of meaning and style of the original.

Key words: translation; context; cultural context

II

哈尔滨理工大学远东学院学士学位论文 Contents

摘 要 ................................................................................................................................................ I Abstract ......................................................................................................................................... II Chapter 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1

1. 1 Background of the Study ................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Organization of the Thesis ................................................................................................. 1 Chapter 2 General Cognition of Context .................................................................................... 1

2.1 The Definitions of Context ................................................................................................. 1 2.2 The Classifications of Context ........................................................................................... 1 2.3 The Functions of Context ................................................................................................... 1

2.3.1 Restrictive Function ................................................................................................. 1 2.3.2 Interpretative Function ............................................................................................. 1

Chapter 3 Cultural Context and Translation ............................................................................. 2

3.1 Culture and Translation ...................................................................................................... 2 3.2 The Concrete Expressions of Cultural Context .................................................................. 2

3.2.1 Historical Figures ..................................................................................................... 2 3.2.2 Idioms and Religions ................................................................................................ 2 3.2.3 Conventional Culture ............................................................................................... 2 3.2.4 Logical Thought ....................................................................................................... 2

Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Bibliography .................................................................................................................................. 2 Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................ 4

III

哈尔滨理工大学远东学院学士学位论文 Chapter 1 Introduction(居中）

1. 1 Background of the Study 1.2 Organization of the Thesis

Chapter 2 General Cognition of Context

2.1 The Definitions of Context 2.2 The Classifications of Context 2.3 The Functions of Context 2.3.1 Restrictive Function 2.3.2 Interpretative Function

1

哈尔滨理工大学远东学院学士学位论文 Chapter 3 Cultural Context and Translation

3.1 Culture and Translation

3.2 The Concrete Expressions of Cultural Context 3.2.1 Historical Figures 3.2.2 Idioms and Religions 3.2.3 Conventional Culture 3.2.4 Logical Thought

Conclusion Bibliography

[1]张培基.英汉翻译教程[M].上海外语教育出版社,1980

[2]蔡基刚.词语的选择和效果[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2004 [3]胡壮麟.语言学教程[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1988

[4]包惠南.文化语境与语言翻译[M].北京:中国对外翻译出版公司,2001 [5]包惠南，包昂.中国文化与汉英翻译[M].北京:外文出版社,2004

[6]陈治安, 文旭:《试论语境的特征与功能》,《外国语》1997 年4 期: 22- 26。 [7]吴义诚:《语境维度与语篇翻译》,《外语教学》1998 年第 2 期: 44-48 。

2

哈尔滨理工大学远东学院学士学位论文 [8]裴文.现代英语语境学[M].合肥:安徽大学出版社,2000

[9]申雨平.西方翻译理论精选[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2002 [10]谭载喜.新编奈达论翻译[M].北京:中国对外翻译出版公司,2002 [11]茅盾.春蚕集[M].沙博理译，北京:外文出版社,1956 茅盾全集(第八卷)[M].北京:人民文学出版社,1985 茅盾研究(第五辑)[A].北京:文化艺术出版社,1991

[12] 钱兆明:《环境和语义》,《语境研究论文集》, 北京: 北京语言学院出版社, 1992 年版, 263。

[13]孙德玉:《英汉文学翻译中伴随信息的传递》,《中国翻译》1997 年第1 期:6- 9。 [14]郭建中.文化与翻译[M].北京:中国对外翻译出版公司,2000

[15]Firth, J.R. Papers in Linguistics [J].1934-1951.Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1957 [16]Halliday, M.A.K. An Introduction to Functional Grammar [M]. London: Edward Arnold, 1989

[17]Halliday, M.A.K.&Hasan, R. Cohesion in English [M]. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2001

[18]Hatim, B. Communication Across Cultures—Translation Theory and Contrastive Text Linguistics [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2001a

[19]Hatim, B. & Mason, I. Discourse and the Translator [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2001b

[20]Malinowski, B. The Problem of Meaning in Primitive Language [M].New York: Harcourt Brace&World, 1923

[21]Nida, E.A. Language, Culture, and Translating [M].Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 1993

[22]Nida, E.A. Language and Culture—Context in Translating [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2001

[23]Nida, E.A. Translation and Relevance－Cognition and Context [M].Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2004

3

哈尔滨理工大学远东学院学士学位论文

Acknowledgements

This thesis enjoys both generous efforts and contributions from many people. First and foremost, I am indebted to my academic advisor, Prof. Huang Tieju who has spared no efforts in helping me with this thesis from the very first beginning to the final version. For this thesis has been made far better than it might have been under his guidance.

My sincere appreciation also goes to my friends and teachers in English Department, their intelligent ideas and suggestions are of great help to my thesis.

4

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/v9o6.html