英语专业名词(水利方面)

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水 water
水圈 hydrosphere
水体 water body
水科学 water science
水文学 hydrology
陆地水文学 land hydrology
应用水文学 applied hydrology
工程水文学 engineering hydrology
地表水 surface water
地下水 groundwater
水汽 water vapour
水文要素 hydrologic elements
降水 precipitation
雨季 rainy season
雪 snow
积雪 snow cover
初雪 first snow
终雪 latest snow
融雪 snowmelt
冰雹 hail
截留 interception
填洼 depression detention
地面滞留 surface detention
陆面蒸发 evaporation of land
水面蒸发 evaporation of water surface
土壤蒸发 evaporation from soil
散发(植物蒸腾) transpiration
蒸发能力 evaporation capability
下渗(入渗) infiltration
稳渗 steady infiltration
下渗能力 infiltration capability
河川径流 river runoff
降雨径流 rainfall runoff
暴雨径流 storm runoff
融雪径流 snowmelt runoff
枯季径流 dry season runoff
基流 base flow
洪水 flood
阴塞高压 blocking high
低空急流 low-level jet
低涡 vortex
反气旋(高压) anticyclone
气旋(低压) cyclone
热带气旋 tropic cyclone
热带低压 tropic depression
热带风暴 tropic storm
强热带风暴 severe tropic storm
台风 typhoon
气团 air mass
锋(锋面) front
天气 weather
气象 meteorology
气候 climate
气候区划 climatic regionalization
气候带 climatic zone
气候变化 climatic change
小气候 microclimate
热带 tropic zone
副热带(亚热带) subtropic zone
比湿 specific humidity
风 wind
风向 wind direction
风速 wind speed
蒲福风级 Beaufort wind scale
露 dew
露点 dew point
雾 fog
霜 frost
霜点 frost point
初霜 first frost
终霜 latest frost
霜冻 frostbite
无霜期 frost-free period
流域 watershed (basin)
流域面积(集水面积) drainage area
闭合流域 enclosed basin
不闭合流域 non-enclosed basin
闭流区(内流区) bling drainage area
分水线(分水岭) divide
流域特征 basin characteristics
流域几何特征 basin geometric characteristics
河道复流(河道再生) resurgence
常年河 perennial stream
间歇河 intermittent stream
悬河(地上河) elevated stream
夺流河(断头河) captured river
盈水河 gaining stream
亏水河 losing stream
暴洪河流 flashy stream
地下暗河(地下河) underground river
界河 boundary river
国际河流 international river
废河道(古河道) dead river
岸 bank
左岸 left bank
右岸 right bank
凹岸 concave bank
凸岸 convex bank
岸壁 land wall
水边线(岸线) water line
堤防 levee
河长 river length
河弯 river bend
弯曲率 tortuosity
航道 navigable channel
河段 reach
上游 upstream
潜洲 su
bmerged bar
深潭 deep pool
水利学 hydraulics
明渠水力学 open channel hydraulics
水静力学 hydrostatics
水动力学 hydrodynamics
明渠水流 open channel flow
恒定流 ste

ady flow
非恒定流 unsteady flow
均匀流(等速流) uniform flow
非均匀流(变速流) non-uniform flow
急流 supercritical flow
缓流 subcritical flow
异重流 density current
临界流 critical flow
临界水深 critical depth
临界流速 critical velocity
临界流量 critical discharge
水头 head
位置水头(位能) elevation head
低强水头(压能) pressure head
流速水头(动能) velocity head
雷诺数 Reymold number
韦伯数 Weber number
水力因素 hydraulic factor
湿周 wetted perimeter
水力半径 hydraulic radius
宽深比 width-depth ratio
中泓线 midstream of channel
深泓线 Thatweg
落差 fall
瀑布 waterfall
波浪 wave
驻波 standing wave
移动波 translation wave
河流动力学 river dynamics
河流泥沙 river sediment
泥沙特征 property of sediment
土壤侵蚀 soil erosion
水力侵蚀 water erosion
山洪侵蚀 torrential erosion
流域侵蚀 basin erosion
流域产沙量 watershed sediment yield
溶解性总固体 total dissolved solids
离子含量 ion concentration
离子总量 total ion concentration
离子流量 ion discharge
矿化度 mineral content
盐度 salinity
PH值 ph value
碱度 alkalinity
酸度 acidity
酸雨 acid rain
电导率 electric conductivity
混浊度(浊度) turbidity
总需氧量 total oxygen demand
溶解氧 dissolved oxygen
需氧量 oxygen demand
生化需氧量 biochemical oxygen demand
滑雪需氧量 chemical oxygen demand
硬度 hardness
非碳酸盐硬度(永久硬度) non-carbonate hardness
硬水 hard water
浮冰 floating ice
锚冰 anchor ice
封冻期 freeze-up period
封冻(封河) freeze-up
平封 flat freeze-up
立封 upright freeze-up
冰盖 ice cover
连底冻 grounded ice cover
冰丘 ice mound
封冻冰缘 ice edge of freeze-up
清沟 lead
初生清沟 primary lead
再生清沟 secondary lead
冰花路毡 sludge road felt
冰上覆雪 snow cover over ice
冰脊 ice ridge
冰缝 crack
悬冰 suspended ice cover
冰堆 ice pack
冰塞 ice jam
冰上结冰 aufeis
解冻期 break-up period
冰变色 color change of ice cover
冰上有水 accumulation of melt water
月中天 lunar transit
引潮力 tidal generation force
天文潮 astronomic tide
气象潮 metorologic tide
潮汐周期 tidal cycle
半日潮 semidiurnal tide
全日潮 diurnal tide
混合潮 mixed tide
大潮 spring tide
小潮 neap tide
中潮 moderate tide
太阴月 lunar day
潮期 duration of tide
涨潮历时 duration of tidal rise
落潮历时 duration of tidal fall
潮流 tidal current
涨潮流 flood tidal current
落潮流 ebb tidal current
憩流 slack tide
潮流速 tidal velocity
往复流 reversing current
旋转流 rotary cu
rrent
潮流期 duration of tidal current
涨潮流历时 duration of flood current
地下水径流 groundwater runoff
地下水流速 velocity of groundwater flow
地下水坡度(地下水水面

坡度) hydraulic gradient of groundwater
地下水等水位线图 water-table contour map
含水层 aquifer
含水岩系 water-content rock series
含水岩组 water-content rock formation
含水岩性 water-content rock property
含水介质 water-hearing medium
均匀介质 homogeneous medium
非均匀介质 inhomogeneous medium
含水层边界 aquifer boundary
透水边界 permeable boundary
隔水边界 confining boundary
弱透水边界 acquitted boundary
透水层 permeable bed
隔水层 confining bed
弱透水层 acquitter
水文地质参数 hydrogeological parameters
渗透系数 permeability coefficient
导水系数(释水系数) coefficient of transmissivity
贮水系数 storativity
水位传导系数(水力扩散系数) coefficient of water table conductivity
压力传导系数 coefficient of pressure conductivity
持水度 water-holding capacity
土壤水分常数 soil moisture constants
土壤吸湿系数 absorption coefficient of soil moisture
凋萎系数 wilting coefficient
田间持水量 field capacity
毛管断裂含水量 moisture content at capillary rupture
最大水分吸水量 maximum molecular moisture content
零通量面法 zero flux plane method
潜水 phreatic water
降水入渗补给 precipitation recharge
降水入渗补给系数 coefficient of precipitation recharge
地表水补给 surface water recharge
凝结水补给 condensation recharge
侧向补给 lateral recharge
越流补给 leakage recharge
灌溉补给系数 irrigation recharge coefficient of groundwater
潜水蒸发 phreatic water evaporation
潜水蒸发临界深度 critical depth of phreatic water evaporation
潜水溢出量 phreatic water overflow to surface
潜水位 phreatic water level
潜水埋深 buried depth of phreatic water level
潜水含水层厚度 thickness of phreatic water aquifer
内流湖 endorheic lake
淡水湖 fresh lake
咸水湖 salt lake
盐湖 saline lake
季节性湖泊 seasonal lake
富营养湖泊 eutrophic lake
贫营养湖泊 poornutrient lake
湖流 lake current
梯度流 gradient current
漂流 current of friction
湖浪 lake wave
湖泊波漾(假湖) lake seiche
湖泊增减水 lake wind denivellation
湖泊资源 lake resources
湖泊率 lake ratio
湖泊补给系数 recharge coefficient of lake
湖泊换水周期 lake residence period
湖盆 lake basin
湖面高程 elevation of water level in lake
岛屿率 insulosity
湖泊分层 lake layering
正温层 direct thermal stratification
逆温层 inverse thermal stratification
湖泊形态参数 morphometric parameter of lake
高位沼泽(贫营养沼泽) main level mire
中位沼泽(中营养沼泽) medium level mire
沼泽水文 mire hydrology
沼泽水量平衡 water balance
of mire
沼泽水 mire water
沼泽蒸发 mire evaporation
沼泽径流 mire runoff
沼泽表面流 surface flow of mire
沼泽表层流 surface layer flow of mire
沼泽含水性 moisture

property of mire
沼泽持水性 water retention of mire
沼泽透水性 perviousness of mire
沼泽率 mire ratio
冰川 glacier
山地冰川(山岳冰川) mountain glacier
谷冰川 valley glacier
宽尾冰川 broad-tail glacier
冰斗冰川 cirque glacier
悬冰川 hanging glacier
贯通冰川(山麓冰川) penetrating glacier
冰原 ice field
冰川平衡线 equilibrium line of glacier
委托观测 entrust gauging
水文仪器 hydrologic instrument
直读仪器 direct-reading instrument
自记仪器 automatic-recording instrument
遥测仪器 remote telemetry unit
传感器 sensor
固态存贮器 solid storage
计数器 counter
记录器 recorder
显示器 display unit
平均无故障工作时间 mean time between failures
相应水位 equivalent stage
水文测站 hydrometric station
基本站 basic station
辅助站 auxiliary station
专用站 special station
水文试验站 hydraulic experimental station
基准水文站 bench mark hydrologic station
水文气象站 hydrometeorology station
巡测站 tour gauging station
水文站 gauging station
雨量站网 rain gauging network
水面蒸发站网 water surface evaporation network
水位站网 stage gauging network
泥沙站网 sediment gauging network
水质站网 water quality network
地下水观测井网 groundwater voservation well network
站网规划 hydrologic network planning
水文分区 hydrologic regionalization
站网布设 network layout
站网分析 network analysis
站网检验 network examination
站网优化 network optimization
站网调整 network adjustment
站网密度 network density
现实密度 real density
可用密度 usable density
容许最稀站网 minimum network
设站年限 station required age
水文信息 hydrologic information
水文效益 hydrologic benefit
基面 datum
临时水准点 temporary benchmark
测验断面 measuring cross-section
基本水尺断面 basic gauge cross-section
流速仪测流断面 current-meter measuring cross-section
浮标测流断面 float measuring cross-section
比降水尺断面 slope measuring cross-section
辅助水尺断面 secondary gauging cross-section
临时测流断面 temporary measuring cross-section
水文缆道 hydrometric cableway
悬索缆道 suspended cableway
悬杆缆道 suspended rod cableway
机动缆道 motorized cableway
手动缆道 hand-operating cableway
主索 main cable
循环索 loop cable
起重索 suspension cable
水文缆车 hydrometric cable car
吊船过河索 cableway for anchoring boat
缆道测验仪 cableway measuring device
水文测船 hydrometric boat
水文测桥 hydrometric bridge
桥测车 gauging vehicle on bridge
水文巡测车 tour gauging vehicle for hygrometry
雨量器 rain
gauge
承水器 raingauge receiver
量杯 measuring glass
渠积雨量器 accumulative raingauge
雨量计 rainfall recorder
虹吸式雨量计 siphon rainfall recorder
翻斗式雨量计

tipping-bucket rainfall recorder
长期雨量计 long-term rainfall recorder
遥测雨量计 telemetering rainfall recorder
测雨雷达 precipitation-monitoring radar
雪量线 snow gauge
雨雪量计 rain and snow recorder
蒸发量 evaporation
蒸发量观测 evaporation observation
蒸发量折算系数 reduction coefficient of evaporation
遮挡率 screen ratio
蒸发器 evaporation pan
小型蒸发器(蒸发皿) small evaporation pan
E-601型蒸发器 evaporation pan of type E-601
漂浮蒸发器 floating evaporation pan
蒸发计 evaporimeter
遇测蒸发计 telemetering evaporimeter
钩形水尺 hook gauge
最高水位水尺 crest stage gauge
校核水尺 check gauge
基本水尺断面 basic gauge
辅助水尺断面 auxiliary gauge
比降水尺断面 slope gauge
临时水尺 temporary gauge
水位计 stage gauge
自记水位计 stage recorder
浮子式水位计 float-type stage recorder
压力式水位计 pressure-type stage recorder
超声波水位计 ultrasonic stage recorder
遥测水位计 telemetering stage recorder
接触试水位计 contact-type stage recorder
远传水位计 telecontrol stage recorder
自记水位计台 stage recorder installation
静水井 stilling well
水深 depth
测得水深 measured depth
有效水深 effective depth
相对水深 relative depth
断面平均水深 mean depth at a cross-section
干绳改正 air line correction
湿绳改正 wet line correction
测点流速 velocity measurement
测速垂线 surface velocity
水面流速 velocity at a point
测点流速 maximum point velocity
最大测点流速 velocity-measuring vertical
垂线平均流速 mean velocity at a vertical
部分平均流速 mean velocity at a segment
断面平均流速 cross-section velocity distribution
浮标流速 point velocity coefficient
中泓流速 surface velocity coefficient
流速分布 velocity distribution
流速梯度 velocity gradient
垂线流速分布 vertical velocity distribution
断面流速分布 cross-section velocity distribution
水面流速分布 surface velocity coefficient
顺流 downstream flow
逆流 upstream flow
流速脉动 velocity pulsation
中泓流速 midstream
流向测量 flow-direction measurement
体积法 cubature
流速仪 current-meter
转子式流速仪 rotating-element current-meter
旋杯式流速仪 cup-type current-meter
旋桨式流速仪 propeller-type current-meter
电波流速仪 electric wave current-meter
超声波剖面流速仪 ultrasonic profile current-meter
多普勒流速仪 Doppler current-meter
参证流速仪 reference current-meter
流量计 flow meter
文杜里水流计 Venturi flow meter
毕托管 Pitot tube
流速仪检定 current-meter calibration
检定槽
calibration tank
检定车 calibration carriage
浮标 float
水面浮标 surface float
小浮标 small float
双浮标 double float
浮杆 float-rod
堰顶高程 elevation of we

ir crest
堰顶水头 weir head
水工建筑物测流 flow measurement by hydraulic structure
闸门开启高度 gate opening
行近河槽 approach channel
行近流速 approach velocity
堰流 weir flow
流态 flow regime
自由流 free flow
淹没流 submerged flow
半淹没流 half-submerged flow
孔流 sluice flow
射流 jet flow
淹没比 submergence ratio
淹没系数 submergence coefficient
流速系数 velocity coefficient
流量系数 discharge coefficient
稀释法测流 dilution method for discharge measurement
示踪剂 tracer
标准溶液 standard solution
背景浓度 background concentration solution
稀释比 dilution ratio
推移质输沙率测验 bed load discharge measurement
器策法 sampling method
坑测法 pit method
沙波法 dune tracking method
床沙测验 bed material measurement
照相法 photographic method
打印法 stamp pad method
床沙采样器 bed material sampler
悬移质采样器 suspended sediment sampler
瞬时式采样器 instantaneous sampler
积时式采样器 time-integrating sampler
瓶式采样器 bottled sampler
皮囊式采样器 collapsible sample
泵式采样器 pumping sampler
调压式采样器 pressure adjustable sampler
同位素测沙仪 radioisotope sediment concentration meter
光电测沙仪 photoelectric sediment concentration meter
振动式测沙仪 vibrational sediment concentration meter
推移质采样器 bed load sampler
网式采样器 basket-type sampler
吸管 pipet
光电颗分仪 photoelectric particle size meter
比重计(密度计) hydrometer
泥沙沉降 sediment settling
沉降速度 settling velocity
平均沉速 mean settling velocity
絮凝 flocculation
反凝剂 defloeculant
粒径 particle diameter
中数粒径 median particle diameter
平均粒径 mean particle diameter
等容粒径 nominal diameter
投影粒径 projected diameter
三轴平均粒径 triaxial mean particle diameter
几何平均粒径 geometric mean particle diameter
筛析粒径 sieve diameter
沉降粒径 settling diameter
粒径组 fraction of particle size
颗粒级配 grain-size distribution
颗粒级配曲线 grain-size distribution curve
单样颗粒级配 index sample grain-size distribution
垂线平均颗粒级配 mean grain-size distribution in a vertical
对照断面 check cross-section
控制断面 control cross-section
消减断面 attenuation cross-section
水样保存 water-sample preservation
检出率 detected ratio
超标率 over-limit ratio
痕迹量 trace
未检出 nonreadout
回收率 recovery ratio
溶解气体采样器 dissolved gases sampler
冰情观测 ice-regime observation
固定点冰厚测址 fixed-point ice thickness measurement
冰情目测 visual observation o
f ice regime
冰情符号 ice code
冰情图 ice-regime charta
初冰日期 first-ice date
封冰日期 freeze-up date
解冻日期 break-up date
终冰日期 end ice date
封冻历时 freeze

-up duration
水浸冰厚 thickness of immersed ice
敲露水面宽 open-water width
冰流量 ice discharge
等深点流速改正法 revised isobath-velocity method
流速过程线改正法 revised velocity-hydrograph method
有效潮差 significant tidal range
负波高 negative wave height
水库水文测验 hygrometry of reservoir
入库水量 reservoir inflow
出库水量 reservoir outflow
水库供水 reservoir water supply
水库弃水 surplus water released frome reservoir
水库渗漏量 reservoir seepage volume
水库蓄水量 reservoir storage
水库蓄水变量 variation of reservoir storage
水库蓄水变率 rate of reservoir storage change
坝上水位 stage behind dam
库区水位 stage in reservoir region
水库淤积测量 reservoir sedimentation survey
水库淤积量 reservoir sedimentation volume
地形法 method of topographic survey
断面法 method of cross-section survey
淤积形态 morphology of reservoir deposition
淤积三角洲 sedimentation delta
淤积物密度 dry density of reservoir deposition
岩溶地区水文调查 hydrologic investigation in karst areas
实际地表集水面积 actual surface colleting area
交换水量 exchange water
沙量调查 silt-quantity investigation
水质调查 water quality investigation
调查区 investigation zone
水文实验研究 experimental research in hydrology
代表流域 representative basin
实验流域 experimental basin
相似流域 similar basin
径流实验研究 experimental research in runoff
径流场 runoff plot
人工降雨装置 artificial rainfall device
蒸发实验研究 experimental research in evaporation
蒸发池 evaporation tank
土壤蒸发器 soil evaporator
蒸散器 evapotranspirometer
农田蒸发器 evaporator for agricultural land
蒸渗仪 lysimeter
地下水均衡场 groundwater balance plot
合理性检查 rational examination
电算整编 processing by computer
水文年鉴 water year-book
测站考证 station examination
站年 station year
平均值 mean value
极值 extreme value
加权平均法 weighted mean method
断流水位 stage of zero flow
河干 river of zero flow
水文过程线 hydrograph
水文综合过程线 synthetic hydrograph
等值线 isopleth
分布曲线 distribution curve
水文特征值 hydrologic characteristic value
径流总量 total runoff
径流模数 runoff modulus
径流系数 runoff coefficient
洪峰 flood peak
洪水流量 peak discharge
洪水总量 flood volume
输沙量 sediment runoff
输沙模数 modulus of sediment runoff
水位流量关系 stage-discharge relation
连时序法 chronological method
绳套曲线 loop curve
流量过程线法 discharge hydrograph method
潮汐要素法 tidal factor relation method
定潮汐要素法 consta
nt tidal factor relation method
合轴相关法 coaxial correlation method
一潮推流法 method of discharge computation for a single tide
水位流量关系 single-valued

processing of stage-discharge relation
关系曲线延长 extension of relation curve
流率表 rating table
单断沙关系 index and cross-section average sediment concentration relation
单断沙关系曲线法 index and cross-section aerage sediment concentration relation curve method
水位单断沙比关系曲线法 stage versus ratio of index and cross-section average sediment concentration relation curve method
单断沙比过程线法 hydrograph method of index and cross-section average sediment concentration ratio
单样过程线法 hydrograph method of index sediment concentration
自由度 degree of freedom
真值 true value
测量值(实测值) measured value
最或然值 most probable value
误差 error
绝对误差 absolute error
相对误差 relative error
插机误差(偶然误差) random error
系统误差 systematic error
允许误差 permissible error
平均误差 mean error
最大误差(极限误差) maximum error
伪误差(粗差) spurious
方差 variance
标准差 standard deviation
相对标准差 relative standard deviation
离差(偏差) deviation
闭合差 closure error
平差 adjustment
精确度(总精度) accuracy
精密度 precision
准确度 correctness
垂线抽样误差(M型误差) measuring vertical sampling error
数据库 data base
分布式数据库 distributed type data base
集中式数据库 concentrated type data base
网络式数据库 network type data base
层次数据库 laminarization data base
关系数据库 relation data base
数据模型 data model
关系数据模型 relation data model
层次数据模型 laminarization data model
网状数据模型 network data model
数据量 data bulk
结点 node
数据处理 data processing
数据存贮 data storage
数据检索 data retrieval
数据输入 data input
数据输出 data output
数据库文件 data base file
水文数据库 hydrologic data base
水文基本数据库 hydrologic basic data base
湖泊水文预报 hydrologic firecasting of lake
施工水文预报 hydrologic forecasting for construction period
潮汐预报 tidal prediction
泥沙预报 sediment forecasting
旱情预报 soil moisture forecasting
地下水动态预报 groundwater regime forecasting
预见期 forecast lead time
短期水文预报 short-term hydrologic forecasting
中长期水文预报 medium and long-term hydrologic forecasting
超长期水文预报 extended long-term hydrologic forecasting
预报误差 forecast error
作业预报 operational forecasting
预报方案 forecast scheme
评定标准 accuracy standard
方案合格率 qualified ratio of scheme
确定性系数 deterministic coefficient
汛 seasonal flood
春汛 spring flood
伏汛 summer flood
秋汛 autumn flood
汛期 flood season
防汛 flood defence
报汛站 flood-reporting station
报汛站网 flook-reporting network
常年水情站 perennial hydrologic reporting station
汛期水

情站 hydrologic reporting station inflood season
辅助水清站网 auxiliary hydrologic reporting network
洪水警报 flood warning
点雨量 point rainfall
面雨量 areal rainfall
泰森多边形 Thiessen polygon
等雨量线法 isohyetal method
产流 runoff yield
蓄满产流 runoff yield at natural storage
超渗产流 runoff yield in excess of infiltration
产流面积 area of runoff yield
地表径流(直接径流) direct runoff
地面流(坡面流) surface flow of mire
壤中流 prompt subsurface flow
前期影响雨量 antecedent rainfall
土壤缺水量 soil moisture deficit
下渗能力曲线(下渗曲线) infiltration capability curve
初损 initial losses
后损(后渗) continuing losses
坡面汇流 overland flow concentration
河网汇流(河槽汇流) river network flow concentration
地下汇流 groundwater flow concentration
汇流曲线 flow concentration curve
流域汇流曲线 basin flow concentration curve
坡面汇流曲线 overland flow concentration curve
河网汇流曲线 river network flow concentration curve
地下汇流曲线 groundwater flow concentration curve
流域汇流时间 basin flow concentration time
洪峰滞时 peak time lag
流域滞时 basin time lag
等流滞时 isochrone
单位线 unit hydrograph
经验单位线 empiricat unit hydrograph
综合单位线 synthetic unit hydrograph
瞬时单位线 instantaneous unit hydrograph
地貌瞬时单位线 geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph
坡地单位线 slope unit hydrograph
河网单位线 river network unit hydrograph
S-曲线 S-curve
无因次单位线 dimensionless unit hydrograph
退水曲线 recession curve
水文模型 hydrologic model
水文物理模型(水文实体模型) hydrophysical model
比尺模型 scale model
比拟模型 analogue model
水文数学模型 hydrologic mathematic model
水文概念模型 physically-based hydrologic mathematic model
水文数学物理模型 deterministic hydrologic model
确定性水文模型 stochastic hydrologic model
分散式模型 distributed model
集总式模型 lumped model
线性水温模型 linear hydrologic model
非线性水文模型 nonlinear hydrologic model
时不变水文模型 time-invariant hydrologic model
时变水文模型 time-variant hydrologic model
流域水文数学模型 hydrologic mathematic model of watershed
模型结构 model structure
模型参数 model parameter
模型误差 model error
模型率定 model calibration
模型检验 model verification
水文模拟 hydrologic simulation
遥测终端机 telemetry terminal meter
中继机 relay meter
前置通信控制机 preset communication controller
自报式系统 self-reporting system
查询-应答式系统 polling-answerba
ck system
混合式系统 mix system
时分制遥测系统 time-division telemetry system
频分制遥测系统 frequency-division telemetry system
误码率 probability of word error

接受率 receiving probability
数据收集平台 data collection platform
水文计算(水文分析计算) hydrologic computation
设计站 design station
设计流域 design watershed
代表站 representative station
参证站 bench-mark station
典型年(代表年) typicyear
水文系列 hydrologic series
同步系列 synchronous series
系列代表性 series representativeness
柱状图 histogram
诺谟图 monogram
输沙量计算(固体径流计算) computation of sediment runoff
水库回水计算 computation of reservoir backwater
水库淤积计算 computation of reservoir sedimentation
水库下游河道冲刷计算 computation of degradation below reservoir
溃坝洪水计算 evaluation of dam break flood
感潮河段水力计算 hydraulic calculation for tidal reach
水文统计 hydrologic statistics
总体 population
样本 sample
样本容量 sample size
随机变量 random variable
随机系列 random series
累计频率(频率) cumulative frequency
经验频率 empirical frequency
水文频率分布曲线(水文频率曲线) hydrologic frequency distribution curve
皮尔逊分布 Pearson distribution
对数正态分布 log normal distribution
频率分析 frequency analysis
随机模拟 stochastic simulation
时间序列 time series
随机水文分析 hydrologic stochastic analysis
趋势项 trend term
周期项 cycle term
随机项 stochastic term
调和分析(谐波分析) harmonic analysis
潜分析 spectrum analysis
噪声 noise
回归分析(相关分析) regression analysis
相关系数 correlation coefficient
自回归分析 autoregression analysis
逐步回归分析 stepwise regression analysis
设计供水 design flood
溢洪道设计洪水 spillway design flood
分期设计洪水 stage design flood
施工设计洪水 design flood for construction period
校核洪水 check flood
实测洪水 observed flood
调查洪水 investigated flood
古洪水 paleoflood
坝址洪水 dam-site flood
入库洪水 reservoir inflow flood
分项调查法 item-by-item investigation method
降雨径流模型法 rainfall-runoff model method
蒸发差值法 evaporation difference method
径流年内分配 annual distribution of runoff
径流多年变化 multiyear variation of runoff
丰水期 high-water period
平水期 normal-water period
枯水期(枯季) low-flow period
丰水年 wet year
平水年(中水年) normal year
枯水年 dry year
特枯水年 extraordinary dry year
连续丰水年 continuous wet years
连续枯水年 continuous dry years
水文年鉴 water year
设计暴雨 design storm
设计雨型 design storm pattern
暴雨路径 storm track
暴雨时程分配 time distribution of storm
暴雨地区分布 special d
istribution of storm
暴雨参数等值线 storm parametric isoline map
点面换算系数 point-area conversion coefficient
点面关系 point-area relationship
定点定面关系 fixed

point-fixed area relationship
可能最大露点 probable maximum dew point
暴雨移置改正 storm transposition correction
流域形状改正 watershed shape correction
水汽改正 moisture correction
入流障碍改正 inflow obstacle correction
综合改正 synthetic correction
暴雨幅合分量 convergence component of storm
地形增强因子 topographic increasing factor
等百分数法 isopercental method
可能最大洪水 probable maximum flood
涝 surface water logging
渍 subsurface waterlogging
排涝 surface waterlogging control
排渍 subsurface waterlogging control
排涝规划 waterlogging control planning
排涝标准 standard for waterlogging control
排涝计算 computation of waterlogging control
设计排涝流量 design discharge for surface drainage
设计排渍流量 design drainage discharge of subsurface waterlogging control
设计排涝水位 design water level for surface drainage
水资源危机 water resources crisis
水荒 water famine
水能资源(水力资源) waterpower resources
河流水能资源 waterpower resources of river
潮汐水能资源 tidal power resources
可开发的水能资源 developable waterpower resources
水资源评价 water resources assessment
水资源基础评价 water resources basic assessment
水量评价 water quantity assessment
水质评价 water quality assessment
地表水资源评价 surface water resources assessment
地下水资源评价 groundwater resources assessment
水资源评价指标 indexes of water resources assessment
水资源总量 total amount of water resources
地表水资源量 surface water resources amount
地下水资源量 groundwater resources amount
可利用量 utilizable water
地下水可开采量 groundwater available yield
可供水量 available water supply
径流调节 runoff regulation
综合利用水库调节(多目标水库调节) reservoir regulation for comprehensive utilization
水库调洪 reservoir flood routing
水库供水调节 reservoir regulation for water supply
水电站径流调节 runoff regulation of hydropower regulation
水库反调节 reregulating reservoir
水库群调节 multi-reservoir regulation
径流调节计算 computation of runoff regulation
时历法(长系列操作法) chronological series method
概率法(数理统计法) probability method
随机模拟法 stochastic simulation method
调节周期 regulating period
目标函数 objective function
约束方程 constraint equation
状态变量 state variable
决策变量 decision variable
数学规划 mathematic programming
线性规划 linear programming
非线性规划 nonlinear programming
水库防洪调度 flood control scheduling of reservoir
水库实时调度 real-time reservoir scheduling

水库群调度 multi-reservoir scheduling
水库预报调度 reservoir scheduling based on forecast
抽水蓄能 pumped storage
水沙调度 scheduling of water and sediment

环境 water environment
水环境要素(水环境基质) water environment elements
水环境背景值(水环境本底值) water environmental background value
水生态系统 aquatic ecosystem
化学径流 chemical runoff
环境用水 environmental water
环境水文学 environmental hydrology
环境水力学 environmental hydraulics
环境水化学 environmental hydrochemistry
地下水超量开采 groundwater overdraft
人工补给(人工回灌) artificial recharge
地下水降落漏斗 groundwater depression cone
化学水污染 chemical water pollution
无机物水污染 water pollution by inorganic substances
有机物水污染 water pollution by organic substances
有毒物质水污染 water pollution by toxic substances
放射性水污染 radioactive water pollution
热污染 thermal pollution
生物水污染 water pollution by organism
富营养化 eutrophication
赤潮 red tide
次生水污染 secondary water pollution
地下水污染 groundwater pollution
水污染常规分析指标 index of routine analysis for water pollution
水污染遥感监测 remote-sensing monitoring of water pollution
污染物 pollutant
污染物迁移 transport of pollutant
机械迁移 physical transport
物理-化学迁移 physicochemical transport
人为污染源 artificial pollution source
天然污染源 natural pollution source
污染源调查 investigation of pollution sources
污染源控制 pollution source control
水质参数 water quality parameters
水质模型 water quality model
水温模型 water temperature model
水质生物评价 biologic assessment of water quality
水环境效益 water environmental effect
水污染环境效应 environmental effect of water pollution
水环境影响评价 water environmental impact assessment
水环境保护 water environmental protection
水质规划 water quality planning
河流水质规划 river water quality planning
水库水质规划 reservoir water quality planning
水污染综合防治规划 planning of comprehensive water pollution control
水源保护区 protection zone of water source
水质管理 water quality management
水污染源管理 water pollution source management
蒸发 evaporation
径流 runoff
水位 stage
流速 velocity
流量 discharge
含沙量 sediment concentration
输沙率 sediment discharge
水温模型 water temperature
冰凌 ice run
水质 water quality
下垫面 underlying surface
水文情势 hydrologic regime
水文效应 hydrologic effect
水文循环(水循环) hydrologic cycle
水量平衡 water balance
热量平衡 heat balance
盐量平衡 salt balance
大气水汽含量 atmospheric water vapour content
大气水汽输送 atmospheric water vapour transport
水汽输送通量 atmos
pheric water vapour flux
雨 rain
降雨面积 rainfall area
降雨分布 rainfall distribution
暴雨洪水 storm flood
冰凌洪水(凌讯) ice flood
冰雪洪水 ice-snow melt flood


雨雪混合洪水 rain and snowmelt flood
山洪 flash flood
溃坝洪水 dam-break flood
大气环流 atmospheric circulation
天气形势(环流形势) weather situation
天气过程 weather process
天气系统 weather system
行星尺度天气系统 planetary scale weather system
天气尺度天气系统 synoptic scale weather system
中小尺度天气系统 meso and micro-scale weather
风暴潮 storm surge
风暴中心 storm center
西风槽 westerly trough
东风波 easterly wave
低压槽 trough
高压脊 ridge
副热带高压 subtropic high
温带 extratropic zone
寒带 frigid zone
季风 monsoon
梅雨(霉雨) plum rains
暴雨 storm
阵雨 showery rain
地形雨 aerographic rain
台风雨 typhoon rain
热带气旋雨 rainfall in tropic cyclone
雷暴 thunderstorm
温室效应 greenhouse effect
卫星云图 satellite cloud picture
气压(大气压强) atmospheric pressure
海平面气压 sea-level pressure
气温 air temperature
地温 ground temperature
湿球温度 wet-bulb temperature
湿度 humidity
水汽压 vapour pressure
饱和水汽压 saturation vapour pressure
绝对湿度 absolute humidity
相对湿度 relative humidity
饱和差 saturation deficit
流域长度 basin length
流域平均高程 basin elevation mean
流域平均宽度 basin width mean
流域平均坡度 basin slope mean
流域不对称系数 coefficient of basin nonsymmetric
流域面积增长率 growth ratio of drainage area
流域自然地理特征 physiographic characteristics of basin
水系(河系) hydrographic net
人工河网 artificial drainage network
河网密度 drainage density
明渠 open channel
河流水质规划 river
河源 headwaters
冲沟 gully
溪流 brook
支流 tributary
干流 main stream
分支 fork
串沟 bifurcation channel
运河 canal
外流河 exoreic river
内陆河 endothecia river
减河 relief channel
中游 midstream
下游 downstream
控制河段 control reach
顺流河段 straight reach
弯曲河段 bent reach
扩散河段 expanding reach
收缩河段 converging reach
游荡河段 wandering reach
感潮河段 tidal reach
裁弯河段 channel cutoff
河槽(河床) channel
稳定河槽 stable channel
不稳定河槽(冲淤河槽) unstable channel
主槽 main channel
单式河槽 single channel
复式河槽 compound channel
河道横断面 river cross-section
河道纵断面 river longitudinal profile
断面特性 cross-section characteristics
河床形态 channel morphology
浅滩 thoal
急潭 cataract
河漫滩 flood plain
三角洲 delta
江心湖 channel island
有效水头 effective head
水头损失 head loss
沿程水头损失 frictional head loss
局部水头损失 local
head loss
比降 slope
能面比降 energy slope
水面比降 surface slope
摩阻比降 friction slope
附加比降(加速比降) add slope
河道比降(河床比降) channel slope
水面横比降 transvers

e slope of water surface
倒比降 inverse slope
总水头线 total head line
水面线 water surface profile
糙率 roughness
谢才系数 Chezy coefficient
谢才公式 Chezy formula
曼宁公式 Manning formula
输水因数(输水率) conveyance factor
水跃 hydraulic jump
水舌 nappe
回水曲线(壅水曲线) hackwater curve
弗汝德数 Froude number
悬移质 suspended load
推移质 bed load
床沙 bed material
床沙质 bed material load
冲泻质 wash load
河流泥沙运动 sediment transport in river
泥沙起动 incipient motion of sediment
起动流速 competent velocity
造床流址 dominant discharge
泥沙密度 density of sediment
高含沙水流 flow with hypereoncentration of sediment
泥石流 debris flow
水流挟沙能力 sediment transport capacity of flow
河床演变 fluvial process
冲刷 scar
淤积 sedimentation
沙量平衡 sediment balance
泥沙输移 sediment transport
泥沙输移比 sediment delivery ratio
浆河现象 clogging of river sediment flow
揭河底现象 tearing of river bed
天然水质 natural water quality
水化学 hydrochemistry
软水 soft water
冰清 ice regime
结冰河流 ice-frozen stream
封冻河流 freeze-up stream
稳定封冻河流 stable freeze-up stream
非稳定封冻河流 unstable freeze-up stream
结冰期 ice-frozen period
初生冰 initial ice
冰针 ice specula
冰凇 rime ice
圆扁冰 pan-cake ice
冰花 frazil slush
岸冰 border ice
初生岸冰 initial border ice
固定岸冰 fixed border ice
冲击岸冰 agglomerated border ice
再生岸冰 regenerative border ice
残余岸冰 residual border ice
雪冰 slush ice
水内冰 underwater ice
冰屑 shuga
冰底边 ice base boundary
冰礁 ice reef
冰桥 ice bridge
流冰花 slush ice run
冰上流水 water flow over ice
层冰层水 ice cover with intercalated water layers
融冰 thawing
冰层塌陷 ice sheet depression
冰层浮起 floating ice cover
冰滑动 dislodging of ice cover
解冻(开河) break-up
文开河 tranquil break-up
武开河 violent break-up
流沙 ice run
流沙堆积 drifting ice pack
冰坝 ice dam
残冰堆积 residual ice accumulation
潮汐 tide
潮位(潮水位) tidal level
涨潮 flood tide
落潮 ebb tide
高潮 high tide
低潮 low tide
平潮 dead tide
涨潮潮差 flood tidal range
落潮潮差 ebb tidal range
高潮间歇 high lunitidal interval
低潮间歇 low lunitidal interval
日潮不等 diurnal inequality
落潮流历时 duration of ebb current
涌潮 bore
河口 estuary
河口水文 estuarine hydrology
河口水流 estuarine flow
河口潮汐 estuarine tide
河口演变 fluvial precesses of estuary
拦门沙 estuarine bar
河口三角洲 estuarine
delta
滩涂(海涂) tidal flat
地下水水文学 groundwater hydrology
水文地质学 hydrogeology
地下水动力学 groundwater dynamics
地下水系统 groundwater system
地下水流域 draina

ge basin of groundwater
地下水分水岭 groundwater divide
地下水动态 groundwater regime
地下水均衡 groundwater balance
地下水运动(渗流) groundwater movement
地下水模型 groundwater model
地下水储量 groundwater storage
地下水水库 groundwater reservoir
越流系数 leakage coefficient
延迟指数 delay index
影响半径 influence radios
补给带宽度 range of recharge zone
水位削减值 drawdown value interference
分子扩散系数 coefficient of molecular diffusion
机械弥散系数(水力弥散系数) coefficient of mechanical dispersion
水动力弥散系数 coefficient of hydrodynamic dispersion
包气带 aeration zone
饱和层 saturated zone
土壤水 soil water
结合水 bound water
吸着水 absorbed water
薄膜水 pellicular water
上层滞水 perched water
渗入水 infiltration water
凝结水 condensation water
毛管水 capillary water
毛管上升高度 height of capillary rise
毛管压力水头 capillary pressure head
土壤含水量 soil moisture content
饱和含水量(全持水量) saturated moisture content
饱和度 saturation coefficient
土水势 soil water potential
重力水 gravity water
给水度 specific yield
承压水 confined water
隔水顶板 upper confining bed
隔水底板 lower confining bed
承压含水层厚度 thickness of confined aquifer
承压水头 confined water head
自流水井 artesian well
含水层天窗 skylight of upper confining bed
孔隙水 pore water
孔隙含水层 porous aquifer
孔隙-裂隙含水层 pore-fissure aquifer
有效孔隙度 effective porosity
裂隙水 fissure water
裂隙含水层 fissured aquifer
裂隙度 fissure ratio
岩溶(喀斯特) karst
岩溶水 karst water
溶洞 karst cave
岩溶含水层 karst aquifer
泉 spring
温泉 thermal spring
矿泉 mineral spring
湖泊 lake
外流湖 exoreic lake
湖泊面积 lake area
湖泊容量 storage of lake
湖泊长度 length of lake
湖泊宽度 width of lake
湖泊最大深度 maximum depth of lake
湖泊平均深度 mean depth of lake shoreline
湖泊岸线长度 length of lake shoreline
湖泊岸线发育系数 development coefficient lake shoreline
水库 reservoir
水库特征水位 characteristic water levels of reservoir
库容 reservoir storage
静库容 still storage
动库容(楔形库容) dynamic storage
库容曲线 stage-capacity curve
水库特征库容 characteristic storages of reservoir
水库渗漏 reservoir seepage volume
水库淤积 reservoir sedimentation
水库诱发地震 reservoir induced earthquake
水库拦沙效率 sediment trap efficiency of reservoir
沼泽 mire
潜育沼泽 non-peat mire
泥炭沼泽 peat mire
低位沼泽(富营养沼泽) low level mire

雪线 snow line
消融区 ablation area
堆积区 accumulation area
冰川变化 glacier variations
冰川运动 glacier flow
雪崩 avalanche
冰雪融水径流 ice-snow melt runoff

文测验 hygrometry
水温勘测 hydrologic reconnaissance
水文遥感技术 remote-sensing technology in hydrology
水文空间技术 space technology in hydrology
水文核技术 nuclear technology in hydrology
全球定位系统 global positioning system
遥测 telemetry
驻测 stationary gauging
巡测 tour gauging
间测 intermittent gauging
检测 test gauging
校测 corrective gauging
大河控制站 main-stream control station
区域代表站 regional representative station
小河站 small-stream station
河道站 river station
水库站 reservoir station
渠道站 canal station
湖泊站 lake station
堰闸站 weir and sluice station
潮水位站(验潮站) stage gauging station
水库水位站 tidal level station
湖泊水位站 reservoir stage gauging station
雨量站(降水量站) rain gauging station
配套雨量站 complete set rain gauging station
雨量观测场 rain observation yard
水面蒸发站 water surface evaporation station
路上水面蒸发场 water surface evaporation yard
漂浮水面蒸发场 floating water surface evaporation
水质站(水质监测站) water quality station
泥沙站 sediment station
地下水观测井 observation well of groundwater
水文站网 hydrologic network
基本站网 basic hydrologic network
流量站网 streamflow gauging network
绝对基面(标准基面) absolute datum
假定基面 arbitrary datum
测站基面 station datum
冻结基面 stationary datum
测站控制 station control
河槽控制 channel control
断面控制 section control
人工控制 artificial control
河底控制 river bottom control
槛式控制 sill control
测验河段 measuring reach
水流平面图 flow plane map
水道地形图 channel topographic map
断面标志 cross-section sign
断面桩 cross-section stake
标志杆 sign rod
辐射杆 radiation rod
基线 base line
基线桩 base line stake
水准点 benchmark
基本水准点 basic benchmark
校核水准点 check benchmark
水准测量 leveling
跨河水准测量 river-crossing leveling
水尺零点测量 survey of gauge zero
控制测量 control survey
高程控制测量 vertical control survey
平面控制测量 horizontal control survey
导线测量 traverse survey
三角测量 triangulation
距离测量 distance survey
河道观测 river survey
地形测量 topographic survey
碎部测量 detail survey
水下地形测量 underwater topographic survey
降水量 precipitation
雨量 rainfall
积雪深度 snow depth
积雪密度 snow density
雪水当量 water equivalent of snow
降水历时 precipitation duration
降雨强度 rainfall intensity
降水日数 number of precipitation days
降水量观测 precipitation observation
水位观测 stage obser
vation
水尺零点 gauge zero
最高水位 maximum stage
最低水位 minimum stage
平均水位 mean stage
水位变幅 fluctuation range of stage
比降观测 slope observation
涨落率 r

ate of rise and fall
水面起伏度 undulating range of surface
水温观测 water temperature observation
水温表 water thermometer
波浪观测 wave observation
波高 wave height
波长 wave length
波峰 wave crest
波谷 wave trough
波陡 wave steep
测波仪 wave meter
水尺 gauge
直立水尺 vertical gauge
倾斜水尺 inclined gauge
悬锤水尺 wire weight gauge
矮桩水尺 stake gauge
测针水尺 point gauge
测深 sounding
测深垂线 sounding vertical
测深杆 sounding rod
测深锤 sounding weight
超声波测深仪(回声测深仪) ultrasonic sounder
压力测深仪 pressure sounder
铅鱼 elliptic-type weight
起点距 distance from initial point
断面索 tag line
水面宽 water surface width
河底高程 river bed elevation
横断面 cross-section
大断面 porrible maximum cross-section
过水断面 wetted cross-section
水道断面 channel cross-section
断面面积 cross-section area
部分面积 segment area
纵断面 longitudinal profile
深温纵断面 thalweg profile
平均河底高程纵剖面 mean channel bed elevation profile
拉偏索 pull slanting cable
悬索偏角改正 sounding line correction
断面平均流向 mean flow direction at a cross-section
流向改正 correction for flow direction
流向仪 flow-direction meter
流量测量 discharge measurement
流速面积法 velocity area method
流速仪法 current-meter method
积宽法 width-integrating method
积深法 depth-integrating method
选点法 point-integrating method
动船法 moving boat method
单宽流量 unit discharge
部分浏览 segment discharge
比降面积法 slope area method
浮标法 float method
浮标系数 float coefficient
水面浮标系数 surface float coefficient
中泓浮标系数 midstream float coefficient
虚流量 virtual discharge
超声波测流法 ultrasonic gauging method
电磁测流法 electromagnetic gauging method
中泓浮标 midstream float
浮标投放器 float thrower
涉水测流 wading stream gauging
测杆 wading rod
建筑物测流 structure stream-gauging
测流堰 weir
薄壁堰 thin-plate weir
三角形堰 triangular notch weir
矩形堰 rectangular notch weir
梯形堰 trapezoidal notch weir
实用堰 short-crested weir
宽顶堰 broad-crested weir
三角形剖面堰 triangular-profile weir
平坦V形堰 flat-V weir
复合堰 compound weir
全宽堰 full-width weir
收缩堰 contracted weir
测流槽 flume
文杜里水槽 Venturi flume
临界水深水槽 critical-depth flume
巴歇尔槽 Parshall flume
堰体 weir body
堰高 height of weir
混匀长度 mixing length
等速注入法 constant-rate injection method
积分法(一次注入法) integrating method
多点注入法 mult
iple injection method
注入断面 injection cross-section
取样断面 sampling cross-section
泥沙测验 sediment measurement
断面平均含沙量 mean sediment concentration

at a cross-section
测点含沙量 sediment concentration at a point
垂线平均含沙量 mean sediment concentration at a vertical
单样含沙量 index sediment concentration
相应单样含沙量 equivalent index sediment concentration
悬移质输沙率 suspended sediment discharge
悬移质输沙率测验 suspended sediment discharge measurement
全断面混合法 cross-section mixing method
推移质输沙率 bed load discharge
单样推移质输沙率 index bed load discharge
单宽推移质输沙率 bed load discharge per unit
压差式采样器 pressure-difference sampler
进口流速系数 intake velocity coefficient
采样效率 sampling efficiency
水样处理 sample processing
烘干法 oven-dry method
过滤法 filtration method
置换法 displacement method
泥沙颗粒分析 particle size analysis
尺量法 direct measurement method
称重法 gravimetric method
筛分析法 sieve analysis method
粒径计法 settling tube method
吸管法 pipet method
消光法 photosedimentation method
比重计法(密度计法) hydrometer method
离心沉降法 centrifugal settling method
颗分仪器 grain-size analysis meter
分析筛 sieve
沉降管 sedimentation tube
粒径计 settling tube meter
断面平均颗粒级配 mean grain-size distribution in a cross-section
累积沙重百分数 accumulated sediment weight percent
分沙器 silt dividet
地下水动态观测 groundwater regime observation
地下水动态要素 elements of groundwater regime
地下水天然动态 natural groundwater regime
地下水开采动态 groundwater regime under exploration
地下水动态曲线 hydrograph of groundwater element
地下水位下降速率 decline rate of groundwater level
观测井固定点 reference mark on observation well
地下水位计 groundwater stage gauge
水质监测 water quality monitoring
流动监测 mobile monitoring
自动监测 automatic monitoring
生物监测 biologic monitoring
便携式水质监测仪 portable water quality monitor
水质自动检测系统 automatic water quality analysising system
卫星水质遥测系统 remote-measuring system of water quality by satellite
采样断面 sampling cross-section
流冰疏密度 ice run concentration
冰花厚 thickness of frazil slush
冰花密度 density of frazil slush
冰花折算系数 adjustment factor of frazil slush
冰花尺 ruler of frazil slush
冰花采样器 sampler of frazil slush
冰网 ice basket
冰钻 ice drill
量冰尺 ice ruler
冰厚仪 ice thickness meter
潮水河 tidal river
潮流界 tidal current limit
潮区届 tidal limit
潮水位观测(验潮) tidal level observation
潮汐曲线 marigram
潮汐表 tidal table
验潮仪 tidal gauge
潮水河测验 hydrologic observation of t
idal river
代表潮 representative tide
全潮流量测验 discharge measurement of tidal day
潮流量 tidal discharge
涨潮量 flood tidal volume
落潮量 ebb tidal volum

e
潮流总量 sum of tidal volume
潮流曲线 tidal current curve
潮流表 tidal current table
异重流测验 density-current measurement
塌岸观测 bank caving observation
水文调查 hydrologic investigation
流域调查 basin investigation
水系调查 hydrographic net investigation
水工程调查 water-project investigation
水环境调查 water environmental investigation
水量调查 water-quantity investigation
暴雨调查 storm investigation
洪水调查 flood investigation
洪痕 flood marks
水面曲线法 water surface profile method
历史洪水调查 historical flood investigation
溃坝洪水调查 dam-break flood investigation
固定点洪水调查 fixed point flood investigation
积雪调查 snow-cover investigation
枯水调查 low-flow investigation
泉水调查 spring investigation
抽水实验 pumping test
注水实验 injection test
入渗试验 infiltration test
潜水蒸发试验 phreatic water evaporation test
土壤水观测 soil-water observation
土壤水分测定仪 soil-moisture content analyzer
中子测水仪 neutron moisture gauge
土壤张力计 soil tensiometer
微波土壤湿度计 microwave soil hygrometer
土壤温度计 soil temperature meter
河床演表观测 fluvial processes observation
水文资料(水文数据) hydrologic data
原始资料 raw data
实测资料 observed data
调查资料 investigation data
测站沿革 hydrometric station evolution
测站特性 station properties
测站分布图 station distribution map
水文资料整编 hydrologic data processing
定线 determination of relation curve
水文资料插补 hydrologic data interpolation
水文资料改正 hydrologic data correction
稳定水位流量关系 stable stage-discharge relation
不稳定水位流量关系 unstable stage-discharge relation
单一曲线法 single-curve method
临时曲线法 temporary-curve method
过度曲线 transition curve
校正因数法 adjusting factor method
涨落比例法 fluctuating rate method
特征河长法 characteristic river length method
落差法 fall method
等落差法 equal fall method
定落差法 constant fall method
正常落差法 normal fall method
落差指数法 fall exponent method
改正水位法 correcting stage method
改正系数法 correcting coefficient method
冰低高程流量关系法 elevation of ice bottom and discharge relation method
流量输沙率关系曲线法 discharge and sediment discharge relation curve method
单断推关系曲线法 index and cross-section average load discharge relation curve method
水力因素关系曲线法 bed load discharge and hydraulic factors curve method
单断克关系 index and cross-section average sediment concentration relation cur
ve method
洪水水文要素摘录 selected elements of flood data
抽样检验 sampling inspection
统计检验 statistical test
统计量 statistic
原假设(零假设) null hypothesis

择假设(对立假设) alternative hypothesis
拒绝域 critical region
可接受域 acceptable region
符号检验 mark test
适线检验 curve fitting test
偏高数值检验 deviation-data test
学生氏检验(t检验) student's test
不确定度 uncertainty
随机不确定度 random uncertainty
系统不确定度 systematic uncertainty
总不确定度 synthetic uncertainty
显著性水平 significance level
置信水平(置信概率) confidence level
误差分布 error distribution
随机误差概率分布 probability distribution of random error
正态分布(高斯分布) normal distribution
学生氏分布(t分布) student's distribution
误差传播 error propagation
误差综合 error synthesis
方和根法 square root of the sum of square method
误差估算 error estimate
误差控制(质量控制) error control
仪器设备误差 instrument and equipment error
环境误差 environmental error
人为误差 human error
方法误差 methodological error
计算误差 calculating error
流速脉动误差(I型误差) velocity pulsation error
测点抽样误差(II型误差) measuring point sampling error
水文专用数据库 special data base in hydrology
测站代码 hydrometric station code
地理信息系统 geographic information system
水文预报 hydrologic forecasting
流域水文预报(降雨径流预报) watershed hydrologic forecasting
流域产流预报 watershed runoff yield forecasting
流域汇流预报 watershed flow concentration forecasting
区域水文预报 area hydrologic forecasting
洪水预报 flood forecasting
暴雨洪水预报 storm flood forecasting
融雪洪水预报 snowmelt flood forecasting
实时联机水文预报(实时水文预报) real-time and online hydrologic forecasting
风暴潮预报 storm surge forecasting
枯季径流预报 low-flow forecasting
冰清预报(冰凌预报) ice-regime forecasting
水库水文预报 hydrologic forecasting of reservoir
防洪 flood control
防洪标准 flood control standard
防洪非工程措施 non-structural measures of flood mitigation
防凌 ice flood control
风险分析 risk analysis
洪水风险分析 flood risk analysis
河道安全泄量 safety discharge of river
警戒水位 warning stage
保证水位 guaranteed stage
分洪水位 flood diversion stage
干旱 drought
水文干旱 hydrologic drought
气象干旱 meteorological drought
农业干旱 agricultural drought
干旱指标 drought index
干燥度(干旱指数) aridity
干旱等级 drought degree
旱情 drought regime
抗旱 drought defence
水文情报 hydrologic information
报汛 flood-reporting information
流域最大蓄水量 basin maximum storage capacity
流域蓄水容量
曲线 basin storage capacity curve
净雨(产流量) excess rainfall
圣?维南方程组 de Saint-Venant equations
水流连续方程 continuity equation of flow
水流动量方程 momentum

equation of flow
初始条件 initial condition
边界条件 boundary condition
水流能量方程 energy equation of flow
洪水波 flood wave
波速 wave velocity
波速系数 coefficient of wave velocity
洪水波扭曲 distortion of flood wave
洪水波展开 attenuation of flood wave
特征河长 characteristic river length
线性水库 linear reservoir
线性渠道 linear channel
示储流量 discharge for representative channel storage
合成流量 resultant discharge
槽蓄曲线(槽蓄方程) storage-discharge curve
河网总入流 total inflow of river network
汇流 flow concentration
河道相应水位预报法 corresponding river stage forecasting
河道响应流量预报法 corresponding river discharge forecasting method
相应流量 corresponding discharge
合成流量预报法 combined-discharge forecasting method
降雨径流预报法 rainfall-runoff forecasting method
降雨径流相关法 rainfall-runoff correlation method
水文模型法 hydrologic model method
河道洪水演算法 river flood routing method
马斯京根法 Muskingum routing method
移滞演算法 lag-and-route method
水文统计预报法 hydrologic statistic forecasting method
多元分析法 multivariate analysis method
时间序列分析法 time series analysis method
交互式预报系统 interactive forecast system
水文卡尔曼滤波技术 Kalman filtering technique of hydrology
水流相似准则 flow similarity criterion
水文自动测报系统(水文遥测系统) automatic system of hydrologic data collection and transmission
水文自动测报基本系统 automatic basic system of hydrologic data collection and transmission
遥测站 remote telemetry station
中继站 relay station
中心站 centre station
水文自动测报网 automatic network of hydrologic data collection and transmission
数据采集 data collection
数据传输 data transmission
通信 communication
短波通信 short wave communication
超短波通信 ultra-short wave communication
微波通信 microwave communication
流星余迹通信 meteoric trail communication
卫星通信 satellite communication
气象卫星 meteorological satellite
极轨气象卫星 polar orbit meteorological satellite
同步气象卫星 synchronous meteorological satellite
系列插补 series interpolation
系列延长 series extension
极值系列 extreme-value series
年超定量系列 annual exceedance series
随机生成系列 stochastic generating series
统计试验法(蒙特卡罗法) statistical test method
流量反演 discharge back routing
面积比改正 areal ratio modification
成因分析 genetic analysis
地区综合 regional synthesis
水文比拟 hydrologic analogy
水图 water atlas
水文图集 hy
drologic atlas
水文手册 hydrologic handbook
暴雨洪水查算图表 applied rainstorm runoff charts
站年法 station-year method
洪峰模数 peak discharge modulus
设计过程线

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