2014届高考英语二轮增分策略：第二部分-推理判断题（含解析）

考点8 推理判断之细节判断题

真题解密

Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger，but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways.You may wonder how paving(铺砌) a road can lead to less useable fresh water

Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages(短缺)．

Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference，too.In the United States，a family of four can use 1.5 tons of water a day！This shows how much we depend on water to live，but there’s a lot we can do to lower the number.

You can take steps to save water in your home. 61．What can be inferred from the text?

A．All water shortages are due to human behavior. B．It takes a lot of effort to meet our water needs. C．There is much we can do to reduce family size.

D．The average family in America makes proper use of water. 技巧归纳

细节判断题属于深层理解题，要求根据语篇内容，推断具体细节。做此类题目关键是要正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，要忠实于原文，千万不能主观臆断，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。此类题目的题干一般包括六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，assume(假定，设想)和conclude(推断，做出结论)。

考点9 推理判断之文章来源题

The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital.She is quiet but alert(警觉)．Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.She stares at it carefully.A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another，this time with the spots differently spaced.As the cards change from one to the other，her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focus—until a third，with three black spots，is presented.Her gaze returns：she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.Can she tell that the number two is different from three，just 24 hours after coming into the world?

Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer？The same experiment，but with three spots shown before two，shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.

63．Where does this text probably come from?

A．Science fiction.科幻小说 C．An advertisement. 技巧归纳

B．Children’s literature.

D．A science report.

做此类题目要求读者具备一定的常识，这样文章的内容才能与读者本身已具备的常识结合起来。做此类题目应从文章的内容和结构来判断其出处。如果来源于报纸，前面一般会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称；如果是广告，其格式很容易辨认；产品说明和药品说明也很容易辨认。

考点10 推理判断之读者对象题

做此类题目通常从文章内容入手，明确所谈话题及具体内容，体会作者使用的语言适合于哪一群体，这样才能根据文章的特点对号入座，从而得出正确判断。

Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home.

What to Expect

The host will provide accommodation and meals.Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week.

Accommodation Zones

Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2,3 and 4 of the transport system. Meal Plans Available Continental Breakfast Breakfast and Dinner

Breakfast，Packed Lunch and Dinner Friends

If you wish to invite a friend over to visit，you must first ask your host’s permission.You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy.

Self-Catering Accommodation in Private Homes

Accommodation on a room-only basis includes shared kitchen and bathroom facilities and often a main living room

36．The passage is probably written for ________. A．hosts willing to receive foreign students B．foreigners hoping to build British culture

C．travellers planning to visit families in London D．English learners applying to live in English homes

考点11 推理判断之观点态度题

It happened to me recently.I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obama’s Dreams From My Father and how it had changed my views of our President.A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was，in his words，“a brilliantly(精彩地) written book”．However，he then went on to talk about Mr.Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.

------Asked why they lied，the most common reason was to “impress” someone they were speaking to.This could be tricky if the conversation became more in-depth!

But when asked which authors they actually enjoy，people named J．K.Rowling，John Grisham，Sophie Kinsella (ah，the big sellers，in other words)．Forty-two percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story (I’ll come clean：I do this and am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so)． 67．What is the author’s attitude to 58% of readers? A．Favorable. C．Doubtful. 技巧归纳

褒义词有：supportive(支持的)；positive(积极的)；optimistic(乐观的)；enthusiastic(热情的)等。

贬义词有：negative(否定的，消极的)；ironic(讽刺的)；critical(批评的)；disgusted(厌恶的)；disappointed(失望的)等。

中性词有：indifferent(漠不关心的)；uninterested(不感兴趣的)；objective(客观的)；neutral(中立的)等。

B．Uncaring. D．Friendly.

考点12 推理判断之预测推断题

9 to 5Google publisher Seth Weintraub，who has been reporting on the smartphone-like glasses since late last year，said he is confident that this type of wearable device will eventually be as common as smartphones. “It’s just like smartphones 10 years ago，” Weintraub said.“A few people started getting emails on their phones，and people thought that was crazy.Same kind of thing.We see people bending their heads to look at their smartphones，and it’s natural，” he said.“There’s gonna be improvements to that，and this a step there.”

63．We can learn from the last two paragraphs that the smartphone-like glasses ________. A．may have a potential market B．are as common as smartphones C．are popular among young adults D．will be improved by a new technology 技巧归纳

有些题目要求根据语篇，对事件可能的结局或下一段可能涉及的内容等进行猜测推理。做此类题目时，务必把握作者的写作思路，如文章可能按事件发展的经过描写，也可能按因果关系、对比关系来叙述，从而做出比较科学的、合情合理的预测判断。特别要注意文章最后一段的内容及最后几句话。

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