【英语】初三英语英语阅读理解汇编真题汇编(含答案)及解析

【英语】初三英语英语阅读理解汇编真题汇编(含答案)及解析

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编

1．阅读理解

"The day will be the most memorable in the history of America," wrote John Adams in 1776. "People will honor it with parades, fireworks and celebrations," he added.

Since 1776, Americans have celebrated July 4 as the country's Independence Day. Several early presidents of the United States died on July 4. They include John Adams, who became the second president. Adams and Thomas Jefferson, the country's third president, both died on the country's 50th anniversary of Independence Day. James Monroe, the fifth US president, died on July 4, 1831. And the 30th president, Calvin Coolidge, was born on July 4.

Most Americans celebrate Independence Day with barbecues, parades and fireworks. But a few celebrate by eating all the hot dogs they can, Since the early 1970s, a restaurant called Nathan's Famous has organized a competition to see who can eat the most hot dogs in a short time. In 10 years, Joey Chestnut has won the men's contest nine times, In 2016, he set a record at the competition by eating 70 hot dogs in 10 minutes. The 2016 women's winner, Miki Sudo, has won in each of the past three years. In 2016, she ate 38 and a half hot dogs. Sudo and Chestnut each won a $ 10, 000 prize.

Let's go back to those fireworks, probably the most common image related to Independence Day. Americans really love fireworks. Where do many of our fireworks come from? . By the way, we also import most of our American flags from China, too.

（1）Some presidents died on July 4 EXCEPT____________.

A. John Adams

B. Thomas Jefferson

C. James Monroe

D. Calvin Coolidge

（2）Some Americans celebrate Independence Day by eating____________.

A. hot dogs.

B. noodles

C. dumplings

D. hamburgers

（3）Which of the following can be put into the blank?

A. England

B. China

C. France

D. Germany

（4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Joey Chestnut ate 38 and a half hot dogs in ten minutes.

B. Americans import most of their national flags from Japan.

C. Americans love fireworks very much.

D. Americans have celebrated July 4 as the country's Independence Day since 1831.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了内国人庆祝独立日的方式，有人通过烧烤、游行和放烟花庆祝，有人通过吃热狗庆祝，十年来乔伊获得了九次冠军，Miki Sudo在过去三年中每一年都获得了冠军。2016年，她吃了38.5个热狗。

（1）细节理解题，根据Several early presidents of the United States died on July 4. They include John Adams, who became the second president. Adams and Thomas Jefferson, the country's third president, both died on the country's 50th anniversary of Independence Day. James Monroe, the fifth US president, died on July 4, 1831.可知死于七月四日的美国总统有约翰亚当斯，托马斯杰斐逊，詹姆士摩尔，不包括柯立芝，故答案是D。

（2）细节理解题，根据 B ut a few celebrate by eating all the hot dogs they can,可知一些美国人通过吃热狗来庆祝美国独立日，故答案是A。

（3）细节理解题，根据By the way, we also import most of our American flags from China, too.可知，空缺处应填China，故答案是B。

（4）正误判断题，根据Americans really love fireworks.可知美国人非常喜欢放烟花，因此C的陈述是正确的，故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；正误判断题属于细节理解题的一种，也需要根据文章内容进行判定。

2．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的几个选项中，选出最佳选项。

What subject do you worry about the most at school? Many students worry about math. Some students can't sleep well the day before a math exam. Others may feel very nervous during the exam itself. But there might be a way to make the subject less stressful（压力大的）.

"For people who are worried about math, posture （姿势）makes a big difference," Erik Paper from San Francisco State University told the Daily Mail. That's right – sitting up straight can help you do better on math exams.

Scientists tested 125 college students. They asked them to do a simple math exam while sitting in a slumped-over （趴倒的）posture, or sitting up straight. After the test, 56 percent of students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.

Slumping over is a defensive（戒备的） posture. It can bring about bad memories in the body and brain. This can stop you from thinking clearly, Paper said.

Students who were not nervous about taking the math exam did not necessarily benefit（受益）from better posture. But they did find that doing math while slumped over was more difficult, Science Daily reported.

Good posture isn't just helpful for taking math exams. Sportspeople, musicians and public speakers can all benefit from better posture. When you feel stressed out, you can also try to sit up straight or stand tall. It can help you feel more certain and focus better.

（1）What posture can make people feel less stressed during math exams?

A. Sitting up straight.

B. Hanging your head.

C. Lying on your back.

D. Raising one hand.

（2）What did the scientists ask the college students to do during the test?

A. To do sit-ups.

B. To count numbers.

C. To think carefully.

D. To sit in different postures.

（3）How many students in the test benefited from the better posture?

A. All the 125 students.

B. Less than half of them.

C. 56 percent of them.

D. None of the students.

（4）The fourth paragraph is written to explain .

A. why slumping over makes exams harder to do

B. why slumping over is bad for one's health

C. why some people slump over during exams

D. why people are nervous during math exams

（5）Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Slump over to Take Exams

B. Sit up to Do Math

C. Better Posture for Nervous Students

D. Good Advice for Better Exams

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

（5）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍姿势不仅有助于参加数学考试。运动员、音乐家和演说家都可以从更好的姿势中受益。当你感到压力大的时候，你也可以试着坐直或者站直。它可以帮助你更确定，更专注。

（1）细节题。根据For people who are worried about math, posture （姿势）makes a big difference 和That's right – sitting up straight can help you do better on math exams. 可知坐直可以让人们在数学考试中感觉压力更小，故选A。

（2）推理题。根据 They asked them to do a simple math exam while sitting in a slumped-over （趴倒的）posture, or sitting up straight. 可知科学家在测试中要求大学生以不同的姿势坐着，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据 After the test, 56 percent of students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight 可知56%的参加测试的学生从更好的姿势中受益，故选C。

（4）主旨题。根据 Slumping over is a defensive（戒备的）posture. It can bring about bad memories in the body and brain. This can stop you from thinking clearly, 可知第四段是用来解释为什么睡懒觉会让考试变得更难，故选A。

（5）主旨题。根据本文教室里姿势有助于参加数学考试和 the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight ，可知标题适合是 Sit up to Do Math 坐起来做数学，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．阅读理解

Scrapbooking is a hobby. It was popular for more than 500 years. People called it a friendship book. They kept pictures, letters, poems and other things they wanted to remember.

Today people collect many things in scrapbooks. Some people have funny collections, like the world's most awkward ideas or pictures of the world's most ugly dogs. Other people may collect stories about the bad weather.

It is easy to get started. First, you should decide what you want to collect. Start with just one idea. Next, you will need a book with background paper, scissors and glue. You need the scissors to cut out the pictures or stories. You need the glue to stick them to the background paper.

You can be busy and collect many things or lazy and collect few things. It'll be lots of fun to make your scrapbook and you can share it with your friends.

（1）How long was scrapbooking popular?

A. less than 500 years

B. 500 years

C. over 500 years

D. more than 550 years （2）What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined word "awkward"?

A. 聪明的

B. 愚蠢的

C. 美妙的

D. 残疾的（3）How many items （物品） are mentioned to make a scrapbook?

A. One.

B. Two.

C. Three.

D. Four.

（4）To make a scrapbook, what do you need first?

A. Glue.

B. Scissors.

C. A book.

D. An idea.

（5）What's the best title of the passage?

A. Scrapbooking

B. The History of Scrapbooking

C. What Is a Scrapbook?

D. How to make a Scrapbook

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

（5）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了剪粘书的通途，可以保存照片、信件、诗歌和其他他们想记住的东西。

（1）细节题。根 It was popular for more than 500 years可知它流行了500多年，故选C。（2）词义猜测题。根据pictures of the world's most ugly dogs. Other people may collect stories about the bad weather 世界上最丑陋的狗的照片。其他人可能会收集坏天气的故事可知awkward指愚蠢的，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据you will need a book with background paper, scissors and glue 你需要一本背景纸、剪刀和胶水的书可知3种物品被提到制作剪贴簿，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据 First, you should decide what you want to collect. 可知要制作剪贴簿，你首先需要，故选D。

（5）主旨题。根据本文介绍了剪粘书的通途，可知 Scrapbooking适合做标题，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

4．阅读理解

My family has had a great influence on me. When I was a kid, I learnt how to work from my family. My mum would never let me get away when there was something to be done. I learnt the importance of education. My parents would give me 50 dollars if I got As in school. They taught me how to use and save money. My mum taught me how to cook, how to clean, and basically everything I needed to know to live on my own. My dad taught me how to garden, how to do home improvement, how to treat women and girls with respect, and how to put other people's needs above my own. My brothers and sisters taught me how to make a decision in conflict（矛盾）. I'm 22now, and I'll get married next year. I learn things from my parents' marriage by examples. For example, I've never seen my parents really fight. They had disagreements, but they were always in control and never let anger get the best of them. I think that's great, and I'm going to work towards that in my marriage.

I have a great family. I'm grateful that my parents chose to make it a great family.

（1）Who taught the writer to do some housework?

A. The mother.

B. The father.

C. The sisters.

D. The brothers.（2）When will the writer have a new family?

A. At the age of 22.

B. At the age of 24.

C. At the age of 23.

D. At the age of 21.（3）Which of the following is NOT true?

A. The writer's family influence the writer a lot.

B. The writer learns to save money.

C. The writer is a girl in the family.

D. The writer's parents never fight with each other.

（4）How will the writer's new family be according to the passage?

A. It will be a large family.

B. It will be a great family.

C. The family members will be different.

D. The family members will never get angry.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了作者的家庭对作者有很大的影响。

（1）推理题。根据My mum taught me how to cook, how to clean, and basically everything I needed to know to live on my own.我妈妈教我如何做饭，如何打扫卫生，以及基本上我需要知道的独立生活所需的一切可知，作者的妈妈教他做家务，故选A。（2）推理题。根据I'm 22now, and I'll get married next year可知，作者23岁时会有一个新家庭，故选C。

（3）推理题。根据My dad taught me how to garden, how to do home improvement, how to treat women and girls with respect,我爸爸教我如何园艺，如何改善家庭，如何尊重妇女和女孩可知作者是男孩，作者是家里的一个女孩是错的，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据I have a great family. I'm grateful that my parents chose to make it a great family.我有一个大家庭。我很感激我的父母选择让它成为一个伟大的家庭可知，作者的新家庭会是一个伟大的家庭故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

5．阅读理解

When Justin Tong was a child, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him doing lots of housework such as carrying out the rubbish and sending newspapers. But when he grew up, he was better off than his childhood friends and lived a happier and healthier life.

This is the finding of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 children in London. It showed that the children who had worked hard in childhood had a richer and a happier future. "Children who worked in the home or community gained competence（能力） and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society," said Daniel Brown, the psychologist（心理学家）who made the discovery. "And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them."

Brown's study followed these children in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Brown, the researchers compared the children's mental-health scores with their childhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.

Working at any age is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence — the underpinnings （基础） of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this.

Yet work isn't everything. As Tolstoy once said, "One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one's work."（1）What do we know about Justin Tong?

A. He enjoyed a happy life.

B. He felt sorry for the other kids.

C. He always sold newspapers.

D. He seldom collected rubbish.

（2）Who will probably succeed in the future according to Paragraph 2?

A. Children who enjoy happier and richer lives.

B. Children who work in the home or community.

C. Children who take part in Daniel Brown's study.

D. Children who feel good about people around them.

（3）How did Brown follow the children in his study?

A. By giving housework and praise.

B. By interviewing and giving scores.

C. By setting goals and showing love.

D. By solving problems and testing them.

（4）What's the purpose of the passage?

A. To talk about an interesting study.

B. To introduce Justin Tong's success.

C. To tell us about childhood activities.

D. To encourage children to work hard.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了童年时努力工作的孩子有一个更富裕、更幸福的未来，并且鼓励孩子们努力工作。

（1）细节题：根据"he was better off…and lived a happier and healthier li fe",可知，贾斯汀·汤过着幸福的生活，故选A。

（2）细节题：根据第二段第二行和第三行 "children who had worked hard in childhood had a richer and a happier future,"和之后的"Children who worked in the home or community competence … feel they were worthwhile"，可知童年时努力工作的孩子们有一个更加富裕和幸福的未来。“在家里或社区工作的孩子获得了能力，故在家或社区工作的孩子将来谁可能会成功，故选B。

（3）细节题：根据Brown's study followed these children in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Brown, the researchers compared the children's mental-health scores with their childhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems布朗的研究非常详细地跟踪了这些孩子。采访在25、31和47岁时重复进行。在布朗的领导下，研究人员比较了孩子们的心理健康分数和他们的童年活动分数。兼职工作、家务、在校努力和处理问题的能力都得了分，可知布朗是通过面试和打分跟踪他书房里的孩子们的，故选B。

（4）主旨题：根据本文介绍了童年时努力工作的孩子有一个更富裕、更幸福的未来，故目的是鼓励孩子们努力工作，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

6．阅读理解

Few words are spoken more often every day on the streets of Britain than "I'm sorry". This phrase has become such a common response（反应） that it has taken on a lot of meanings.

Saying "Sorry" means to apologize（道歉）. This is simple and easy to understand. We learn it both as a native speaker and as a student of foreign languages.

But in Britain, it takes on another meaning. It is a cultural expression. Imagine this: a man walks down the street, looking down at his phone. A woman is walking in the opposite direction, towards the man. She sees him, but she can't get out of the way in time. The man bumps （碰撞） into the woman. Who should say sorry? Naturally, the man should say sorry, because it was he who wasn't looking where he was going. Yet in Britain, it is common for both to apologize.

It is known that British people, like most people, do not enjoy conflict（冲突）.So to quickly

calm the situation, British people will apologize to each other.

Other times it may sound funny to hear "sorry". Some of my friends say it at restaurants, as they ask the waiter: "Sorry, but can I order another drink?" It is not to apologize, but just to express that we need the waiter. In Britain, sorry doesn't always mean exactly what you think.（1）According to the passage, "saying sorry" is a cultural expression in .

A. the USA

B. the UK

C. the WWF

D. the UN

（2）What does the underlined phrase "take on" mean in Paragraph 1?

A. 从事

B. 雇佣

C. 呈现

D. 拿起（3）The example in the third paragraph is used to .

A. describe a situation that people should avoid

B. describe how "sorry" has another meaning in Britain

C. explain why people should say sorry to each other

D. show how polite British people are

（4）The restaurant example shows that "sorry" can be used to .

A. apologize

B. calm a situation down

C. explain what you're thinking about

D. ask a waiter to bring something

（5）What might be a good title for this passage?

A. "I'm Sorry" Is More Than just an Apology

B. Traditional British Manners

C. How to Best Catch Others' Attention

D. Finding a Way out of a Difficult Situation

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

（5）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍了I'm sorry在不同场合下的不同的含义。（1）细节理解题，根据 But in Britain, it takes on another meaning. It is a cultural expression. 可知在英国英语中I'm sorry是一种文化表达，故答案是B。

（2）词义猜测题，文章的2-4自然段在讲述sorry的不同的含义，所以takes on的意思是具有，呈现的意思。故答案是C。

（3）逻辑推理题，根据第三段的例子可知，它在为我们讲述sorry的另一层含义，故答案是B。

（4）细节理解题，根据 it at restaurants, as they ask the waiter: "Sorry, but can I order another drink?" It is not to apologize, but just to express that we need the waiter. 可知在饭店，说sorry 是为了让服务员给我们拿东西。故答案是D。

（5）标题判断题，文章主要讲述了I'm sorry的几层含义，通过文章我们知道，sorry不只是道歉，故答案是A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、逻辑推理题、词义猜测题和标题判断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词义猜测题，要结合具体语境猜测出单词的意思，标题判断题题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想，然后凝练句式，找出最接近的选项。

7．阅读理解

When his mum fainted（昏厥）and knocked herself out, unconscious, four year old Henry Davies knew just what to do— thanks to a storybook.

He calmly dialled 999 and told the emergency services how to get to his home and then phoned his father.

The boy told the doctors what had happened and directed them to the house in Coundon, Coventry, and even offered the doctors a drink

When they arrived. Henry also offered to look after his 12— month old brother Noah.

His father, Iran, 35, said, "Chloe has been unwell with a high fever which has made her feel quite poorly. I left for work early at about 7:30 am and as she got up after I left she felt quite dizzy and faint. The next thing she remembers is fainting down on the floor and hearing Henry talking to someone. He had seen her fall and hit her head on the table, but he couldn't wake her up. So he picked up the phone and dialled 999 for an ambulance."

Chloe said, "Henry has a storybook, Ambulance Crew, on what to do in an emergency, which we've read a few times. He even put a blanket over me. The ambulance crew were amazed. We're very proud of him."

（1）How old was Henry?

A. 1.

B. 2.

C. 3.

D. 4.

（2）What was the matter with Henry's mother?

A. She fainted on the floor.

B. She was shot by a gun.

C. She was badly ill.

D. She was hurt badly.

（3）How did Henry know the knowledge of saving his mother?

A. By watching TV.

B. By reading a book.

C. His teacher taught him.

D. By WeChat.（4）The underlined words" emergency services" mean "_________" in Chinese.

A. 紧急应变机构

B. 突发事件

C. 急诊室

D. 医疗（5）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. There are 4 people in Henry's family.

B. Henry prepared a drink for the doctors.

C. Henry's father is very proud of Henry.

D. His father is 29 years old.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）A

（5）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Henry凭借《救护人员》书上的内容，救了他的妈妈。（1）细节题。根据 four year old Henry Davies...可知，Henry4岁了，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据 The next thing she remembers is fainting down on the floor 可知，亨利的母亲晕倒在地板上，故选A。

（3）推理题。根据 Henry has a storybook, Ambulance Crew, on what to do in an emergency 亨利有一本故事书《救护人员》,讲述在紧急情况下该怎么做可知， Henry是通过读书知道救他母亲的知识，故选B。

（4）词义辨析题。根据He calmly dialled 999他平静地拨打了999，可知999是个紧急应变机构，故emergency services是紧急应变机构的意思，故选A。

（5）细节题。根据 His father, Iran, 35，可知他的父亲29岁是错的，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

8．根据短文内容判断正、误。

Peter lived in a village. He was sad recently because he thought that he had nothing left. One day, Peter went to ask a wise man for help. He said to the wise man, "I have nothing left, so I don't want to live." The wise man smiled sympathetically（同情地）.

The wise man took out a piece of paper and drew a straight line down the middle. He explained that he would write down the things Peter had lost on the left side and the things Peter still had on the right side.

The wise man asked, "When did your family leave you?"

"What do you mean? They haven't left me. They love me!"

"That's great!" said the wise man. "Then that will be the first thing on the right side -Family haven't left. Now, do you have freedom（自由）?"

"That's a silly question. Of course I do!"

"Good! That's the second one on the right side-You have freedom!" said the wise man, writing it down.

After Peter was asked some more questions in the same way, he finally understood and smiled. "Things will change when you think of them in a different way!" he said.

As a matter of fact, change your attitude and you will change your world. It's necessary to have a positive（积极的）attitude to life.

（1）Peter thought he had nothing left, so he was sad recently.

（2）Peter's family didn't love him and left him.

（3）The answer to the second question was written down on the left side.

（4）The wise man asked Peter more than two questions.

（5）From the passage, we can know that we should have a positive attitude to life.

【答案】（1）1

（2）0

（3）0

（4）1

（5）1

【解析】【分析】主要讲了通过Peter的故事告诉我们改变自己的态度，就好改变自己的世界，对生活要保持积极的态度。

（1）细节题。根据He was sad recently because he thought that he had nothing left. 可知Peter认为自己一无所有，所以最近难过，故选正确。

（2）细节题。根据"What do you mean? They haven't left me. They love me!" 可知Peter家人喜欢他，没有离开他，故选错误。

（3）细节题。根据That's the second one on the right side-You have freedom! 可知第二个问题的答案写在了右边，而不是左边，故选错误。

（4）细节题。根据After Peter was asked some more questions in the same way，可知前面问了两个问题，后面又问了一些，所以是两个多问题，故选正确。

（5）细节题。根据It's necessary to have a positive（积极的） attitude to life.可知我们应该积极对待生活，故选正确。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

9．阅读理解

What are you holding in your hand while you are taking the examination? Right. A pen.

Though it is small, the pen has changed the history, improved the trade of countries, recorded events, carried news, and done far more work for human beings than all other tools.

Progress without it would have been almost impossible. The invention of the wheels, the introduction of steam engine（蒸汽机）, the use of electricity, all these have changed the lives of millions of people, but the pen has done more. It has taken away mountains, and it has prepared the way for all progress and development of the society.

In the past the pen did all the work if you wanted to keep any writing for some time. The lawyers took up their pens and wrote the law of the country from the days when papyrus（纸莎草纸） was first used. The most famous letters in the world were written with a pen. It was with a pen that the greatest thinkers of all time wrote down their thoughts.

The pen is very utilitarian. We cannot sign a bill or write a letter or buy a house without our pen. An agreement is worthless till our name is written with a pen. The writers encourage the world with it. The students take their examinations with it as well.

Our coming into the world is recorded with a pen. Before we have been at school, our name is written on the name list with a pen. We cannot be married till we have signed. A pen records the important events in our life.

Let us remember that we hold in our hand the most powerful instrument which man owns. The pen is a magic tool. Whenever you use it, enjoy it.

（1）What is the writer trying to do in this passage?

A. Describe what a pen looks like.

B. Introduce the history of the pen.

C. Advise people to prepare a new pen.

D. Show the importance of the pen.

（2）The word "mountains" in the third paragraph refers to（指代） "something to _________".

A. explain the use of electricity

B. lower the students' scores

C. stop the social development

D. change the law of the country

（3）The lawyers started to write the law of the country _________.

A. before their thoughts were changed

B. when papyrus was first used

C. as soon as they recorded their names

D. after they took an important exam

（4）The underlined word "utilitarian" in the passage means "_________".

A. cheap

B. boring

C. special

D. useful

（5）What is the best title for this passage?

A. A Powerful Tool

B. An Important Law

C. A Valuable Record

D. An Exciting Event

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

（5）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。主要阐述了在人类进步过程中，笔的重

要性不可忽视。

（1）推理判断题。由根据第二段"Though it is small, the pen has changed the history, improved thetrade ofcountries, recorded events, carried news, and done far more work for human beings than all other tools." 所描述的笔的各种作用，可知判断出文章是在表达笔的重

要性。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。由根据第三段最后句it has prepared the way for all progress and development of the society. 的判断。表示笔的作用是能够清楚阻碍社会发展的阻碍。可知mountains" 是指all progress and development of the society，故选C。

（3）细节理解题。由根据第四段第二句" The lawyers took up their pens and wrote the law of

the country from the dayswhen papyrus（纸莎草纸）was first used.”律师们拿起笔，从纸莎

草（papyrus）第一次被使用的那一天起，就开始写这个国家的法律。可知律师们从纸莎草

第一次被使用的那一天起，就开始写这个国家的法律。故选B。

（4）词义猜测题。由第五段We cannot sign a bill or write a letter or buy a house without our pen. An agreement is worthless till our name is written with a pen. The writers encourage the world with it. The students take their examinations with it as well.可知强调生活中处处都会用

到钢笔，可知钢笔很有用。A：cheap便宜的；B：boring 无聊的；C：special特殊的；

D： useful有用的。故选D。

（5）标题判断题。由本文大意：通过文章整体论述笔的重要性和作用来看，说明笔是一

种非常强大的工具。只有选项A最符合文章的大意，强调书写工具的作用，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在

文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

10．阅读理解

We often hear stories of animals rescuing people. But now someone has managed to return the favor.

The event took place on a snowy January morning. Thomas Smith was walking his dog, Jack, in the park. "As I was walking, I just saw Jack running into the ice towards the ducks in the middle, and then he fell into the water and couldn't climb out," said Smith. He realized he had no choice but to try and save his dog. "Someone else told me the lake was only one meter deep, but it was at least twice that. I had to break my way through the 6-cm ice. Finally, I got Jack by the neck and pulled him out. I didn't think I had ever felt so cold by the time we got back to dry land. And when we got there, everyone was asking if Jack was okay—no one was particularly worried about me!"

A neighbor, Julie Brown, saw it all happen. "The dog went onto an icy lake. All of a sudden, it started to go under. There were crowds of people around, and they were all shouting and screaming. Before I knew it, the owner （Smith） was in the water forcing his way through the ice, I couldn't imagine how cold it was. Everyone was very nervous, but he was as cool as a cucumber-he just crawled back out, put the dog on its lead, and went home.

Many regard him as a hero, but Mr. Smith is quite laid—back about it, "Most dog owners are the same as me. They would do what I did without a second thought. But in the future, I'm going to make sure he's on a lead near any icy pond.

Pets are members of our family. Would you do the same for them?

（1）What happened on a cold January morning?

A. Mr. Smith met Jack in the park.

B. Mr. Smith ran after Jack on the ice,

C. Jack fell from the ice into the water.

D. Jack played with the ducks in the water.

（2）How did Mr. Smith save Jack?

A. He asked a neighbor for help,

B. He broke the ice and shouted to Jack.

C. He got Jack by the leg and pulled him out.

D. He pulled Jack out of the icy water by the neck.

（3）The underlined phrase "as cool as a cucumber" in Paragraph 3 means "_________".

A. relaxed

B. proud

C. shy

D. brave

（4）In the last paragraph, the writer asks a question to .

A. suggest keeping pets for fun

B. remind people to put their dogs on the leads

C. encourage people to take good care of their pets

D. advise people not to leave their dogs near icy ponds

（5）What is the best title for the passage?

A. A man's pet dog

B. A dog's best friend

C. The danger on the icy lake

D. Suggestions for pets' owners

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）C

（5）B

【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要讲述了动物与人相互帮助的故事，来鼓励人们好好对待动物。

（1）细节理解题。根据第二段I just saw Jack running into the ice towards the ducks in the middle, and then he fell into the water and couldn't climb out .可知，Jack掉进冰水里了。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段 Finally, I got Jack by the neck and pulled him out. 可知，他最终通过抓住Jack的脖子把他救出来。故选D。

（3）词义猜测题。根据前文Everyone was very nervous 每个人都很紧张，和转折连词but，可知 as cool as a cucumber 与形容词nervous“紧张的”相反，是放松的意思。故选A。（4）推理判断题。根据前文 Pets are members of our family. 宠物是我们家庭的成员，可知作者提问是为了鼓励人们好好照顾他们的宠物。故选C。

（5）最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了主人Thomas解救了宠物狗Jack的故事，以此来强调人应该好好对待动物，做动物的朋友，故“一只狗的最好的朋友”为最佳标题。故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

11．阅读理解

Of course you don't want to be sick in your vacation. So what can you do while traveling? There are three things you should remember: relax, sleep and eat well.

A vacation is a time for relaxing, but very often it is not. Think about what you do when you are a tourist. There are so many places to visit: shops, parks, churches and temples（寺庙）. You may spend most of the days walking around these places. Tourists can be very tiring. Do not ask your body to do too much. A tired body means a weak body. A weak body gets sick easily. So sit down for a few hours in a nice place. In good weather, look for a quiet park bench.

Sleep is also important. If you want to stay healthy, you need to get enough sleep. Your hotel room may be noisy, or the bed may be too hard. Or you may want to stay out late at night. Then you should plan to sleep for an hour during the day. The extra hour can make a big difference. Finally, if you want to stay healthy, you must eat well. That means eating the right kinds of food. Your body need fresh fruit, vegetables, meat, milk and cheese.

So remember this: if you want to enjoy your vacation, take good care of yourself. Give your body some rest. Get enough sleep and eat healthy food.

（1）You should_______ while traveling.

A. eat well

B. walk all the time

C. do shopping

D. ask your body to do a lot （2）Traveling is usually ______.

A. easy

B. noisy

C. tiring

D. dangerous

（3）You must________ to enjoy your traveling.

A. visit parks

B. go to churches and temples

C. walk around the places

D. get enough sleep and eat healthy food

（4）The underlined word "extra" means ______ here.

A. one more

B. more than one

C. usual

D. different

（5）The passage tells us ______ in traveling.

A. how to work

B. how to take care of ourselves

C. what places to visit

D. When to travel

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

（5）B

【解析】【分析】文章讲述了我们如何在旅行中照看好自己。首先要注意放松，不要太累，其次要有好的睡眠；同时还要吃健康的食物，只有这样才能好好的享受旅游。

（1）细节题。根据There are three things you should remember: relax, sleep and eat well有三件事你应该记住:放松、睡觉和吃好，可知旅行是我们要吃好，故选A。

（2）推理题。根据T ourists can be very tiring游客可能会很累，可知旅行通常很累，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据if you want to enjoy your vacation, take good care of yourself. Give your body some rest. Get enough sleep and eat healthy food如果你想享受假期，好好照顾自己。让你的身体休息一下。获得足够的睡眠，吃健康的食物，可知你必须获得足够的睡眠，吃健康的食物才能享受旅行，故选D。

（4）词义猜测题。根据Then you should plan to sleep for an hour during the day那么你应该计划白天睡一个小时，可知白天的睡眠是额外的，故extra是one more额外的，故选A。

（5）主旨题。根据文章讲述了我们如何在旅行中照看好自己。首先要注意放松，不要太累，其次要有好的睡眠；同时还要吃健康的食物，只有这样才能好好的享受旅游，可知本文告诉我们旅行时如何照顾好自己，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

12．阅读理解

I have just finished reading the lovely book called Daddy Long Legs written by Jean Webster.

Judy was a girl who was always positive about life though she was an orphan（孤儿） living in a small village for 18 years. Then one day a man came and decided to send her to college, which later totally changed Judy's life. He asked Judy to write him a letter once a month to tell him what she had learned at school. But he would never reply to her letter. The different life between the village and the college made Judy fully realize the beauty of life and she cherished every moment of her life. She never asked too much about life. Her only quarrel （争吵） with life was that time ran too fast. She caught up with other classmates so quickly although she had a quite different childhood from them, which at first did cause her a lot of trouble. The story of Judy was told in the form of letters which were also written by Judy herself. When I was reading the letters, I was touched by Judy's character.

I am wondering whether you have ever read it and I am sure that you will be deeply moved by the unexpected and romantic ending if you are a teenage girl. In a word, Daddy Long Legs is worth reading.

（1）From the passage, we can know Judy's childhood is _________.

A. interesting

B. unlucky

C. boring

D. happy

（2）The underlined word "cherished" means "_________" in Chinese.

A. 分享

B. 憎恨

C. 虚度

D. 珍爱（3）From the passage, we can know Judy is a _________ girl.

A. beautiful

B. helpful

C. hard-working

D. shy

（4）What can we learn from the passage?

A. Learn to walk before you run.

B. Hard work brings luck.

C. Time waits for no man.

D. Habit is a second nature.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】大意:本文介绍一本名叫长腿爸爸的书，本书的主人公是生活在小村庄的孤儿，虽然生活的不幸，但是Judy对生活总是积极乐观，生活的不幸使她意识到大学生活的美好并且珍爱她生命中的每个时光。

（1）推断题。本书的主人公Judys是生活在小村庄的孤儿，可知她的童年应该是不幸的。

故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。根据The different life between the village and the college made Judy fully realize the beauty of life and she cherished every moment of her life.可知，农村和大学不同的生活使Judy意识到生活美好并且珍惜她生命中的每个时光，推出cherished的意思是珍爱，故选D。

（3）推断题。根据Her only quarrel （争吵） with life was that time ran too fast. She caught up with other classmates so quickly可知，她觉得时间过得太快，她很快赶上了其他同学，可推出她很勤奋，故选C。

（4）推断题。根据Her only quarrel （争吵） with life was that time ran too fast. She caught up with other classmates so quickly可知，她的勤奋好学，不久就赶上了其他同学，从这篇文章我们学到辛勤的付出换来好运，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题、推断题和词义猜测题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要根据上下文，推断出需要的信息；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思。

13．阅读理解

Andrew Hollennan, a 12-year-old boy, loved playing in the open land near his home. The land was wet and forested, and made a home for birds, other animals and many different plants. It made the perfect place for him to study and get to know the nature. He had seen some red- tail hawks, red foxes, wood turtles and other animals. He also found special native flowers.

Suddenly it was announced that the "empty" land would be improved by a lot of houses on it. The plants would be removed, the animals would run away and most would probably die. Then the wet soil would be covered with extra grounds. When he heard about the news, he was not happy. He was very worried that the land and water would be polluted.

Andrew wrote down clearly all the researches he had down about the area, and how the houses would affect the local environment. He sent letters to members of local government and television reporters. He also called on his neighbors to oppose the building of the houses. Although he was only 12 years old, he had the courage and wisdom of a person much older. Andrew's teachers described him as gentle, shy and active. His classmates also admired how much he knew about local animals and plants, and the environment. Each day after school, Andrew went door-to-door, to ask the people to sign, who did not want the houses to be built. In only one month, he got the signatures of 250 people.

In the end, the land remained a safe place for birds, animals and plants that belonged there.

Andrew won many prizes for his brave and great work to stop the houses being built, and thus help save the environment.

（1）The passage is mainly about _______.

A. 250 people who signed to help Andrew

B. a brave boy who cared for the environment

C. the open land that suited animals and plants

D. the research on improving the environment

（2）The underlined word "oppose" in the passage probably means______.

A. support

B. dislike

C. disagree

D. prefer

（3）Andrew was very worried because _______.

A. the animals would be killed

B. new houses would be built on the open land

C. not all the neighbors were going to sign

D. he was praised by his teachers and classmates.

（4）We can infer that _______.

A. The land would remain as it used to be

B. The open land would be built into a park

C. The neighbors would have to move away

D. Andrew would soon work for the government

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了12岁的小男孩Andrew是怎样阻止建筑物在空地上建立的。（1）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了12岁的小男孩Andrew是怎样阻止建筑物在空地上建立的。，即是怎样关心环境的，故选B。

（2）推断题。根据全文可知Andrew反对建立建筑物，所以他号召邻居反对建筑物的建立，所以oppose意思是反对，不同意，即disagree，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Suddenly it was announced that the "empty" land would be improved by a lot of houses on it.可知新建筑物将在空地上被建立，所以Andrew是担心的，故选B。（4）推断题。根据In the end, the land remained a safe place for birds, animals and plants that belonged there.可知最后，这片土地仍然是属于那里的鸟类、动物和植物的安全之地。即这片陆地仍然和以前一样，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

14．阅读理解

As you grow older, you'll be faced with some challenging decisions-like whether to cut class or try cigarettes. Making decisions on your own is hard enough, but when other people take part in and try to pressure you one way or another it can be even harder. People who are your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they try to influence how you act, to get you to do something, it's called peer pressure.

Peers can have a positive influence on each other. Maybe another student in your science class taught you an easy way to remember the planets in the solar system（太阳系）. Maybe you got others excited about your new favorite book, and now everyone's reading it. These are examples of how peers positively influence each other.

Sometimes peers influence each other in negative ways. For example, a few kids in school might try to get you to cut class with them. Your soccer friend might try to convince（使信服）you to be mean to another player and never pass him the ball.

It is tough to be the only one who says "no" to peer pressure, but you can do it. Paying attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what is right and wrong can help you know the right thing to do.

You've probably had a parent or teacher advising you to "choose your friends wisely." Peer pressure is a big reason why they say this. If you choose friends who don't cut class, smoke cigarettes, or lie to their parents, then you probably won't do these things either, even if other kids do.

If you continue to face peer pressure and you're finding it difficult to deal with, talk to someone you trust. Don't feel guilty（内疚） if you've made a mistake or two.

（1）What does the word "him" in bold in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A. Another player.

B. Your soccer friend.

C. Your father.

D. Your teacher.（2）The underlined word "tough" in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to .

A. difficult

B. wise

C. helpful

D. impolite

（3）Which of following may help deal with peer pressure?

A. Spending more time with classmates.

B. Taking up more relaxing hobbies.

C. Choosing friends with no bad habits.

D. Helping others who are in trouble.

（4）Which of the following shows the structure（结构） of the passage?（P=Paragraph）

A. B. C. D.

（5）For whom is the passage most probably written?

A. Students.

B. Parents.

C. Teachers.

D. Doctors.

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）C

（4）A

（5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了影响学生行为的同辈压力。

（1）细节题。根据Your soccer friend might try to convince（使信服）you to be mean to another player and never pass him the ball.可知足球朋友努力使你相信对另一个运动员刻薄，不把球传给另一个运动员，所以him指的是另一个运动员，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据It is tough to be the only one who says "no" to peer pressure, but you can

do it.可知对那些拒绝同辈压力的人是困难的，所以tough意思是困难的，即difficult，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据You've probably had a parent or teacher advising you to "choose your friends wisely."可知建议你明智选择朋友，即选择没有坏习惯的，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据全文可知第一段总结，2-3段介绍同辈压力的影响，4-6介绍解决方法，故选A。

（5）细节题。根据People who are your age, like your classmates, are called peers. 可知讲的是同学，即学生，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

15．阅读理解

School Policy

◆Fighting, saying bad words and all other bad behaviors will not be allowed.

◆Do not throw rocks, snowballs, sticks, waste paper or dirt on the school ground.

◆Rollerblades are not allowed at school.

◆Contact through a note or a phone call must be made to the school if you are absent from school.

◆Parents and visitors are required to check in at the office when entering the school.

Lunchroom Guide

◆Students should keep their voices low in the lunchroom.

◆Students should go through the lunch line in a quiet and orderly manner.

◆Students should clean up their eating area before leaving the lunchroom.

Meal Prices

Lunch: $1.50 daily

Breakfast: $ 0.80 daily

Extra milk: $0.40 daily

Weekly lunch ticket: $7.50

Weekly breakfast ticket: $4.00

Adult lunch: $2.50

（1）The passage is mainly written for .

A. parents

B. students

C. visitors

D. workers

（2）From the passage you know that you should at school.

A. throw dirt everywhere

B. be absent from class

C. speak aloud in the lunchroom

D. clean up the eating area

（3）On Monday student Elsa has breakfast and lunch at school, she pays .

A. $0.80

B. $1.50

C. $2.30

D. $3.00

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是类似于广告的阅读，介绍了学校的制度，还有餐厅指南

以及饭菜的价格。

（1）主旨大意题，school policy这一定是写给学生的，第二部分的餐厅指南一直在强调学生应该怎样。因此这篇文章是写给学生看的，故答案是B。

（2）细节理解题，根据Students should clean up their eating area before leaving the lunchroom.可知，学生们在离开餐厅之前应该打扫干净吃饭的地方，故答案是D

（3）数字计算题，根据Lunch: $1.50 daily；Breakfast: $ 0.80 daily可知，早饭价格是0.8美元，午饭价格是1.5美元，艾尔莎吃了早饭和晚饭两顿饭，应该花费2.3元，故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本阅读涉及到了写作意图题，细节理解题和数字计算题，主旨大意题需要考虑文章内容，根据文章内容考虑文章的阅读对象，来确定答案。细节理解题相对简单，一般都可以直接在文中找到答案；数字计算题也不难，根据文章中提供的数字，根据需要进行加减或者乘除运算。

16．阅读理解

My teacher said to a student: "Give me your phone."

We all looked in surprise. Kyle, a student who I never saw text （发信息） in class, gave the teacher his phone.

When the teacher left, two students who I often saw text in class started boasting （吹牛）about how they sent text messages and never got caught.

"Kyle, you don't text in class that way!" one of them said. "I put my phone under my desk so it looks like I'm looking at my textbooks."

"Isn't it funny that we always text and never get caught, but the first time Kyle does it, he gets caught?" the other one laughed.

They must have thought they were smart, because they never got caught and Kyle did. But which situation is worse: getting caught, or getting away with it? Rules are there for a reason. These two students might not have got caught, but neither of them had good grades. They keep texting in class, not paying any attention. I think they will keep breaking the rules in the future.

People don't just break the law and get thrown into jail （监狱） right away. They take it one step at a time, starting with smaller rules. Kyle might have got caught, but at least he learned a good lesson. He will not break the rules in the future, so he will learn more in class and stay out of trouble. It's smarter not to break the rules.

（1）The teacher asked Kyle to give his phone because _________.

A. the teacher wanted to teach him how to text

B. he was playing with his phone in class

C. the students wanted to see Kyle's new phone

D. the teacher wanted to speak to Kyle's parents

（2）How did the two students feel about not being caught texting in class?

A. Upset.

B. Disappointed.

C. Proud.

D. Calm.

（3）What would the writer agree according to the story?

A. Kyle was a bad student.

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