汽车发动机缸盖装配检测生产线的总体流程设计与PLC控制系统设计

汽车发动机缸盖装配检测生产线的总体流

程设计与PLC控制系统设计

学生姓名： 指导教师：

所在院系：工程学院

所学专业：机械设计制造及其自动化 研究方向：生产线自动化

中国 · 哈尔滨

2016 年 5 月

OVERALL PROCESS OF

AUTOMOBILE ENGINE CYLINDER HEAD ASSEMBLY TESTING LINE DESIGN AND DESIGN OF PLC

CONTROL SYSTEM

Student Name: Supervisor:

Department and faculty: Engineering College Major: Mechanical Design and Manufacture and

Automation

Orientation: The production line automation

Harbin·China May 2016

摘要

摘要

随着科技的进步发展、生产力的不断提高，手工装配生产线已经满足不了市场的需求，PLC的出现使工业自动化成为了可能，自动化生产线提高了生产效率，减轻了人的工作负担。自动化生产线支持技术的不断发展，使得自动化程度提高，能够满足生产装配中更高的工艺要求。

本文根据生产线的设计原则，设计了发动机缸盖组装检查生产线的总体工艺布置设计。根据生产中的实际情况设计生产线，使得发动机缸盖装配生产线占用生产面积最小 。生产线的布置使装配、检测效率最高，成为经得住推敲的最优化方案设计。

生产线采用三菱PLC-FX2N?64MR机控制，同时根据发动机缸盖装配、检查生产线的各个工位的工艺要要求、按照生产节拍每件60秒设计PLC控制系统。编程所用软件为GX Developer，编程方法为步进梯形图编写。步进梯形图编写使程序逻辑控制简化、程序简单易懂、易于更改、程序设计简单、对于初学者更易上手。本设计中涉及到的工艺要求较为复杂，所以采用步进梯形图。在本文设计的PLC控制系统中的驱动功能是气缸、电动机、机械手执行机构，通过这些执行部件来实现各个工位的工艺要求。

关键词： 生产线；自动化；PLC；梯形图

I

Abstract Overall Process Of Automobile Engine Cylinder Head Assembly Testing Line Design And Design Of

PLC Control System

Abstract

With the progress of science and technology development, manual assembly line have already can't satisfy the demand of the market, the appearance of the PLC industrial automation possible,automated production line to improve production efficiency, reduce the burden on people.Automated production line development of support technology, increased automation, to meet higher technological requirements in the production and Assembly.

In this paper, according to the design principle of production line,design of the engine cylinder head assembly check the overall layout design of production line.According to the actual situation of production design line, cylinder head assembly line occupies the smallest areaProduction line layout to make the assembly, the detection efficiency is highest, be withstood scrutiny of optimization design.

Production line adopts Mitsubishi PLC-FX2N?64MR-control, and according to the engine's cylinder head Assembly, check the line of each station processes to request, in accordance with the production cycle every 60 seconds design of PLC control system. Programming software used for GX Developer, compiled for the step ladder diagram programming method.Step ladder to write program logic control simplification, the procedure is simple and easy to understand, easy to change, simple programming and easier for beginners. In the design of the driving function of PLC control system is cylinder, motor, mechanical actuators, through these operating components to achieve the technological requirement of each station.

Key words: Production Line;Automation;PLC;Ladder Diagram

II

目录

目录

中文摘要..................................................................................................................................... I Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... II 1前言......................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1自动化生产线发展现状 ............................................................................................. 1 1.2研究本课题的目的和意义 ......................................................................................... 1 2生产线的总体方案设计 ......................................................................................................... 3

2.1设计原则 ..................................................................................................................... 3 2.2生产线可选方案 ......................................................................................................... 3 2.3确定生产线方案 ......................................................................................................... 3 2.4总体方案设计 ............................................................................................................. 3 3 PLC控制系统设计 .................................................................................................................. 6

3.1 PLC类型选择 ............................................................................................................. 6 3.2 I/O分配表 ................................................................................................................. 6 3.3 PLC的I/O接线示意图 ............................................................................................ 7 3.4 PLC工作流程图 ...................................................................................................... 8 3.5 控制梯形图工艺要求 ............................................................................................... 9

3.5.1一工位工艺要求及梯形图 ............................................................................. 9 3.5.2二工位工艺要求及梯形图 ........................................................................... 12 3.5.3三工位工艺要求及梯形图 ........................................................................... 14 3.5.4四工位工艺要求及梯形图 ........................................................................... 20

4 PLC仿真与调试 ................................................................................................................. 24 5 结论.................................................................................................................................... 38 附录 PLC梯形图及指令表 ..................................................................................................... 39 参考文献.................................................................................................................................. 51 致谢 ......................................................................................................................................... 52

III

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